--- - attrs: Abstract: 'Exposure to excessive heat kills more people than any other weather-related phenomenon, aggravates chronic diseases, and causes direct heat illness. Strong associations between extreme heat and health have been identified through increased mortality and hospitalizations and there is growing evidence demonstrating increased emergency department visits and demand for emergency medical services (EMS). The purpose of this study is to build on an existing regional assessment of mortality and hospitalizations by analyzing EMS demand associated with extreme heat, using calls as a health metric, in King County, Washington (WA), for a 6-year period.' Author: 'Calkins, Miriam M.; Isaksen, Tania Busch; Stubbs, Benjamin A.; Yost, Michael G.; Fenske, Richard A.' DOI: 10.1186/s12940-016-0109-0 Date: January 28 ISSN: 1476-069X Issue: 1 Journal: Environmental Health Pages: 13 Title: 'Impacts of extreme heat on emergency medical service calls in King County, Washington, 2007–2012: Relative risk and time series analyses of basic and advanced life support' Type of Article: journal article Volume: 15 Year: 2016 _record_number: 24681 _uuid: ffaf5d7d-d9fc-45fa-b96a-131388fc4ab1 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1186/s12940-016-0109-0 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffaf5d7d-d9fc-45fa-b96a-131388fc4ab1.yaml identifier: ffaf5d7d-d9fc-45fa-b96a-131388fc4ab1 uri: /reference/ffaf5d7d-d9fc-45fa-b96a-131388fc4ab1 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Kennedy, J.J.\rRayner, N.A.\rSmith, R.O.\rParker, D.E.\rSaunby, M." DOI: 10.1029/2010JD015220 ISSN: 2156-2202 Journal: 'Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres' Pages: D14104 Title: 'Reassessing biases and other uncertainties in sea surface temperature observations measured in situ since 1850: 2. Biases and homogenization' Volume: 116 Year: 2011 _chapter: '["Appendix 3: Climate Science FINAL"]' _record_number: 1378 _uuid: ffb1495a-8eac-482b-b3d7-4c142a1953d7 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1029/2010JD015220 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffb1495a-8eac-482b-b3d7-4c142a1953d7.yaml identifier: ffb1495a-8eac-482b-b3d7-4c142a1953d7 uri: /reference/ffb1495a-8eac-482b-b3d7-4c142a1953d7 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Wongbusarakum, Supin; Pomeroy, Bob' Date: 2008 Institution: Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme Pages: 137 Place Published: 'Apia, Samoa' Title: 'SEM-Pasifika: Socio-economic Monitoring Guidelines for Coastal Managers in Pacific Island Countries' Type: SEM-Pasifika URL: http://www.sprep.org/att/irc/ecopies/pacific_region/368.pdf Year: 2008 _record_number: 22543 _uuid: ffb3a5c1-75bc-4144-aa74-22c707ff51ca reftype: Report child_publication: /report/sem-pasifika-socio-economic-monitoring-guidelines-coastal-managers-pacific-island-countries href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffb3a5c1-75bc-4144-aa74-22c707ff51ca.yaml identifier: ffb3a5c1-75bc-4144-aa74-22c707ff51ca uri: /reference/ffb3a5c1-75bc-4144-aa74-22c707ff51ca - attrs: Abstract: 'Two of the key drivers of biodiversity loss today are climate change and invasive species. Climate change is already having a measurable impact on species distributions, reproduction and behavior, and all evidence suggests that things will get worse even if we act tomorrow to mitigate any future increases in greenhouse gas emissions: temperature will increase, precipitation will change, sea level will rise and ocean chemistry will change. At the same time, biological invasions remain an important threat to biodiversity, causing species loss, changes in distribution and habitat degradation. Acting together, the impacts of each of these drivers of change are compounded and interactions between these two threats present even greater challenges to field conservationists as well as policymakers. Similarly, the social and economic impacts of climate change and invasive species, already substantial, will be magnified. Awareness of the links between the two should underpin all biodiversity management planning and policy.' Author: 'Mainka, Susan A.; Howard, Geoffrey W.' DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-4877.2010.00193.x Database Provider: PubMed Date: 2010/06// ISSN: 1749-4877 Issue: 2 Journal: Integrative Zoology Keywords: climate change; Conservation of Natural Resources; Biodiversity; Introduced Species; Public Policy Language: eng Pages: 102-111 Short Title: Climate change and invasive species Title: 'Climate change and invasive species: double jeopardy' Volume: 5 Year: 2010 _record_number: 22471 _uuid: ffb83920-031b-40f2-9484-97029e08d1d7 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/j.1749-4877.2010.00193.x href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffb83920-031b-40f2-9484-97029e08d1d7.yaml identifier: ffb83920-031b-40f2-9484-97029e08d1d7 uri: /reference/ffb83920-031b-40f2-9484-97029e08d1d7 - attrs: Author: 'Omernik, JM' Journal: Annals of the Association of American Geographers Pages: 118-125 Title: 'Map Supplements: Ecoregions of the Conterminous United States' Volume: 77 Year: 1987 _record_number: 1775 _uuid: ffb9cc23-97ce-4981-9f8d-cd89a1848ad9 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: ~ href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffb9cc23-97ce-4981-9f8d-cd89a1848ad9.yaml identifier: ffb9cc23-97ce-4981-9f8d-cd89a1848ad9 uri: /reference/ffb9cc23-97ce-4981-9f8d-cd89a1848ad9 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Medellín-Azuara, J.\rHowitt, R.E.\rMacEwan, D.J.\rLund, J.R." DOI: 10.1007/s10584-011-0314-3 ISSN: 0165-0009 Issue: 1 Journal: Climatic Change Pages: 387-405 Title: Economic impacts of climate-related changes to California agriculture Volume: 109 Year: 2012 _chapter: '["Ch. 20: Southwest FINAL","RG 5 Southwest"]' _record_number: 1976 _uuid: ffbc0968-438e-468e-9f7f-571eea8d1878 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10584-011-0314-3 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffbc0968-438e-468e-9f7f-571eea8d1878.yaml identifier: ffbc0968-438e-468e-9f7f-571eea8d1878 uri: /reference/ffbc0968-438e-468e-9f7f-571eea8d1878 - attrs: Author: 'Leichenko, Robin; McDermott, Melanie; Bezborodko, Ekaterina' DOI: 10.1142/s2345737615500025 Issue: 01 Journal: Journal of Extreme Events Pages: 1550002 Title: 'Barriers, limits and limitations to resilience' Volume: 02 Year: 2015 _record_number: 21750 _uuid: ffbe2ded-9018-4629-9865-34b2e544d337 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1142/s2345737615500025 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffbe2ded-9018-4629-9865-34b2e544d337.yaml identifier: ffbe2ded-9018-4629-9865-34b2e544d337 uri: /reference/ffbe2ded-9018-4629-9865-34b2e544d337 - attrs: Author: 'Keppel, Gunnar; Mokany, Karel; Wardell-Johnson, Grant W.; Phillips, Ben L.; Welbergen, Justin A.; Reside, April E.' DOI: 10.1890/140055 ISSN: 1540-9309 Issue: 2 Journal: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment Pages: 106-112 Publisher: Ecological Society of America Title: The capacity of refugia for conservation planning under climate change Volume: 13 Year: 2015 _record_number: 23395 _uuid: ffc183bb-610c-46bf-aec1-fb03fd347c4d reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1890/140055 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffc183bb-610c-46bf-aec1-fb03fd347c4d.yaml identifier: ffc183bb-610c-46bf-aec1-fb03fd347c4d uri: /reference/ffc183bb-610c-46bf-aec1-fb03fd347c4d - attrs: Author: 'Fennel, Katja; Wilkin, John' DOI: 10.1029/2009gl039818 ISSN: 0094-8276 Issue: 18 Journal: Geophysical Research Letters Title: Quantifying Biological Carbon Export For the Northwest North Atlantic Continental Shelves Volume: 36 Year: 2009 _record_number: 3049 _uuid: ffc184de-f218-4439-b57d-45f617522157 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: ~ href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffc184de-f218-4439-b57d-45f617522157.yaml identifier: ffc184de-f218-4439-b57d-45f617522157 uri: /reference/ffc184de-f218-4439-b57d-45f617522157 - attrs: Author: 'Myers, Samuel S.; Wessells, K. Ryan; Kloog, Itai; Zanobetti, Antonella; Schwartz, Joel' DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(15)00093-5 ISSN: 2214-109X Issue: 10 Journal: The Lancet Global Health Pages: e639-e645 Publisher: Elsevier Title: 'Effect of increased concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide on the global threat of zinc deficiency: A modelling study' Volume: 3 Year: 2015 _record_number: 24106 _uuid: ffc5112e-8b2d-4768-afac-f65d1545dbef reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/S2214-109X(15)00093-5 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffc5112e-8b2d-4768-afac-f65d1545dbef.yaml identifier: ffc5112e-8b2d-4768-afac-f65d1545dbef uri: /reference/ffc5112e-8b2d-4768-afac-f65d1545dbef - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Commission for Environmental Cooperation,' Title: 'Green Building in North America: Opportunities and Challenges. Secretariat Report to Council Under Article 13 of the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation' URL: http://www3.cec.org/islandora/en/item/2335-green-building-in-north-america-opportunities-and-challenges-en.pdf Year: 2008 _record_number: 554 _uuid: ffc760f1-6c1c-4d3b-9e14-f5374f02be7f reftype: Report child_publication: ~ href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffc760f1-6c1c-4d3b-9e14-f5374f02be7f.yaml identifier: ffc760f1-6c1c-4d3b-9e14-f5374f02be7f uri: /reference/ffc760f1-6c1c-4d3b-9e14-f5374f02be7f - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: NCTSN Pages: 49 Publisher: National Child Traumatic Stress Network Title: 'Review of Child and Adolescent Refugee Mental Health: White Paper from the National Child Traumatic Stress Network Refugee Trauma Task Force' URL: http://www.nctsnet.org/nctsn_assets/pdfs/reports/refugeereview.pdf Year: 2003 _record_number: 18048 _uuid: ffc894b9-e717-4456-bd09-2f1dc53ff40a reftype: Report child_publication: /report/nctsn-mentalhealth-2003 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffc894b9-e717-4456-bd09-2f1dc53ff40a.yaml identifier: ffc894b9-e717-4456-bd09-2f1dc53ff40a uri: /reference/ffc894b9-e717-4456-bd09-2f1dc53ff40a - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Access Date: 2012 Author: "Byrd, K.B\rKreitler, J.R\rLabiosa, W.B." Date: 2012 Document Number: 2011 Institution: U.S. Geological Survey Pages: 47 Title: 'Tools and Methods for Evaluating and Refining Alternative Futures for Coastal Ecosystem Management—the Puget Sound Ecosystem Portfolio Model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011–1279, 47 p.' URL: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1279/ Year: 2011 _chapter: '["Ch. 26: Decision Support FINAL"]' _record_number: 1674 _uuid: ffce66aa-39b7-4940-9f8f-1ad1a458e026 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/usgs-openfilereport-2011-1279 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffce66aa-39b7-4940-9f8f-1ad1a458e026.yaml identifier: ffce66aa-39b7-4940-9f8f-1ad1a458e026 uri: /reference/ffce66aa-39b7-4940-9f8f-1ad1a458e026 - attrs: Author: 'Hale, Robert C.; Gallo, Kevin P.; Owen, Timothy W.; Loveland, Thomas R.' DOI: 10.1029/2006gl026358 ISSN: 0094-8276 Issue: 11 Journal: Geophysical Research Letters Pages: L11703 Title: Land use/land cover change effects on temperature trends at U.S. Climate Normals stations Volume: 33 Year: 2006 _record_number: 22585 _uuid: ffd2e5f4-3cee-49d5-b994-72563bda1312 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1029/2006gl026358 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffd2e5f4-3cee-49d5-b994-72563bda1312.yaml identifier: ffd2e5f4-3cee-49d5-b994-72563bda1312 uri: /reference/ffd2e5f4-3cee-49d5-b994-72563bda1312 - attrs: Abstract: 'Wildfires periodically burn large areas of chaparral and adjacent woodlands in autumn and winter in southern California. These fires often occur in conjunction with Santa Ana weather events, which combine high winds and low humidity, and tend to follow a wet winter rainy season. Because conditions fostering large fall and winter wildfires in California are the result of large-scale patterns in atmospheric circulation, the same dangerous conditions are likely to occur over a wide area at the same time. Furthermore, over a century of watershed reserve management and fire suppression have promoted fuel accumulations, helping to shape one of the most conflagration-prone environments in the world [Pyne, 1997]. Combined with a complex topography and a large human population, southern Californian ecology and climate pose a considerable physical and societal challenge to fire management.' Author: 'Westerling, Anthony L.; Cayan, Daniel R.; Brown, Timothy J.; Hall, Beth L.; Riddle, Laurence G.' DOI: 10.1029/2004EO310001 Issue: 31 Journal: 'Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union' Pages: 289-296 Title: 'Climate, Santa Ana Winds and autumn wildfires in southern California' Volume: 85 Year: 2004 _record_number: 26394 _uuid: ffd38bd3-3cb6-4e93-8836-f862d3c65100 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1029/2004EO310001 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffd38bd3-3cb6-4e93-8836-f862d3c65100.yaml identifier: ffd38bd3-3cb6-4e93-8836-f862d3c65100 uri: /reference/ffd38bd3-3cb6-4e93-8836-f862d3c65100 - attrs: Author: 'Börjeson, Lena; Höjer, Mattias; Dreborg, Karl-Henrik; Ekvall, Tomas; Finnveden, Göran' DOI: 10.1016/j.futures.2005.12.002 Date: 2006/09/01/ ISSN: 0016-3287 Issue: 7 Journal: Futures Pages: 723-739 Title: "Scenario types and techniques: Towards a user's guide" URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016328705002132 Volume: 38 Year: 2006 _record_number: 317 _uuid: ffd63fc0-93f6-48d4-9f47-3ca32b9ed3ac reftype: Journal Article child_publication: ~ href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffd63fc0-93f6-48d4-9f47-3ca32b9ed3ac.yaml identifier: ffd63fc0-93f6-48d4-9f47-3ca32b9ed3ac uri: /reference/ffd63fc0-93f6-48d4-9f47-3ca32b9ed3ac - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Trouet, V.\rTaylor, A.H.\rWahl, E.R.\rSkinner, C.N.\rStephens, S.L." DOI: 10.1029/2009GL041695 Issue: 4 Journal: Geophysical Research Letters Pages: L04702 Title: Fire-climate interactions in the American West since 1400 CE URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2009GL041695/pdf Volume: 37 Year: 2010 _chapter: '["Ch. 20: Southwest FINAL"]' _record_number: 3096 _uuid: ffd9009a-b9a8-49f3-a713-c7eec55309f3 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1029/2009GL041695 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffd9009a-b9a8-49f3-a713-c7eec55309f3.yaml identifier: ffd9009a-b9a8-49f3-a713-c7eec55309f3 uri: /reference/ffd9009a-b9a8-49f3-a713-c7eec55309f3 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Clarke, L.\rEdmonds, J.\rKrey, V.\rRichels, R.\rRose, S.\rTavoni, M." DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2009.10.013 ISSN: 0140-9883 Issue: Supplement 2 Journal: Energy Economics Pages: S64-S81 Title: 'International climate policy architectures: Overview of the EMF 22 International Scenarios' Volume: 31 Year: 2009 _chapter: '["Ch. 27: Mitigation FINAL"]' _record_number: 994 _uuid: ffdb09d9-51bf-425c-84e3-be4cef858d14 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.eneco.2009.10.013 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffdb09d9-51bf-425c-84e3-be4cef858d14.yaml identifier: ffdb09d9-51bf-425c-84e3-be4cef858d14 uri: /reference/ffdb09d9-51bf-425c-84e3-be4cef858d14 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Shilling, Fraser; April Negrette; Lori Biondini; Susana Cardenas' Institution: University of California-Davis Pages: 48 Place Published: 'Davis, CA' Title: 'California tribes fish-use: Final report' URL: https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/mercury/docs/tribes_%20fish_use.pdf Year: 2014 _record_number: 26384 _uuid: ffdd8b7b-7600-41bc-a526-d248f6e3508a reftype: Report child_publication: /report/california-tribes-fish-use-final-report href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffdd8b7b-7600-41bc-a526-d248f6e3508a.yaml identifier: ffdd8b7b-7600-41bc-a526-d248f6e3508a uri: /reference/ffdd8b7b-7600-41bc-a526-d248f6e3508a - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Mann, M. E.; Bradley, R. S.; Hughes, M. K.' ISSN: 1476-4687 Issue: 6678 Journal: Nature Pages: 779-787 Title: Global-scale temperature patterns and climate forcing over the past six centuries Type of Article: Article Volume: 392 Year: 1998 _uuid: ffe67674-19f9-4303-9961-5cb6bd42fe22 doi: 10.1038/33859 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/33859 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffe67674-19f9-4303-9961-5cb6bd42fe22.yaml identifier: ffe67674-19f9-4303-9961-5cb6bd42fe22 uri: /reference/ffe67674-19f9-4303-9961-5cb6bd42fe22 - attrs: Author: 'Andreu-Hayles, Laia; Planells, Octavi; Gutiérrez, Emilia; Muntan, Elena; Helle, Gerhard; Anchukaitis, Kevin J.; Schleser, Gerhard H.' DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02373.x ISSN: 13541013 Issue: 6 Journal: Global Change Biology Pages: 2095-2112 Title: Long Tree-ring Chronologies Reveal 20th Century Increases in Water-use Efficiency But No Enhancement of Tree Growth At Five Iberian Pine Forests Volume: 17 Year: 2011 _record_number: 3189 _uuid: ffeafe63-5f8e-42cc-9935-bbf4c84a6ddb reftype: Journal Article child_publication: ~ href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ffeafe63-5f8e-42cc-9935-bbf4c84a6ddb.yaml identifier: ffeafe63-5f8e-42cc-9935-bbf4c84a6ddb uri: /reference/ffeafe63-5f8e-42cc-9935-bbf4c84a6ddb - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'The term ‘feedback’ is used ubiquitously in climate research, but implies varied meanings in different contexts. From a specific process that locally affects a quantity, to a formal framework that attempts to determine a global response to a forcing, researchers use this term to separate, simplify and quantify parts of the complex Earth system. We combine new model results with a historical and educational perspective to organize existing ideas around feedbacks and linear models. Our results suggest that the state- and forcing-dependency of feedbacks are probably not appreciated enough, and not considered appropriately in many studies. A non-constant feedback parameter likely explains some of the differences in estimates of equilibrium climate sensitivity from different methods and types of data. Clarifying the value and applicability of the linear forcing feedback framework and a better quantification of feedbacks on various timescales and spatial scales remains a high priority in order to better understand past and predict future changes in the climate system.%U ' Author: 'Knutti, Reto; Rugenstein, Maria A. A.' DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2015.0146 Issue: 2054 Journal: 'Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences' Pages: 20150146 Title: 'Feedbacks, climate sensitivity and the limits of linear models' Volume: 373 Year: 2015 _record_number: 19499 _uuid: fff712c7-ad39-4065-8990-1668edbe295c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1098/rsta.2015.0146 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/fff712c7-ad39-4065-8990-1668edbe295c.yaml identifier: fff712c7-ad39-4065-8990-1668edbe295c uri: /reference/fff712c7-ad39-4065-8990-1668edbe295c - attrs: Author: 'Ha, Sandie; Danping Liu; Yeyi Zhu; Sung Soo Kim; Seth Sherman; Pauline Mendola' DOI: 10.1289/EHP97 Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives Pages: 453-459 Title: Ambient temperature and early delivery of singleton pregnancies Volume: 125 Year: 2017 _record_number: 24122 _uuid: fff9b83e-10cf-4700-a26e-9461fefd7e5d reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1289/EHP97 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/fff9b83e-10cf-4700-a26e-9461fefd7e5d.yaml identifier: fff9b83e-10cf-4700-a26e-9461fefd7e5d uri: /reference/fff9b83e-10cf-4700-a26e-9461fefd7e5d - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Arizona Rural Policy Institute,' Institution: Northern Arizona University Pages: 18 Place Published: 'Flagstaff, AZ' Title: Flagstaff Watershed protection project cost avoidance study URL: https://nau.edu/economic-policy-institute/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/Flagstaff-Watershed-Protection-Project-2014.pdf Year: 2014 _record_number: 26350 _uuid: fff9e2e1-3555-46ce-8dd1-20ed22ae3bb7 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/flagstaff-watershed-protection-project-cost-avoidance-study href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/fff9e2e1-3555-46ce-8dd1-20ed22ae3bb7.yaml identifier: fff9e2e1-3555-46ce-8dd1-20ed22ae3bb7 uri: /reference/fff9e2e1-3555-46ce-8dd1-20ed22ae3bb7 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Sathre, R.\rO’Connor, J." DOI: 10.1016/j.envsci.2009.12.005 ISSN: 1462-9011 Issue: 2 Journal: Environmental Science & Policy Pages: 104-114 Title: Meta-analysis of greenhouse gas displacement factors of wood product substitution Volume: 13 Year: 2010 _chapter: '["Ch. 7: Forests FINAL"]' _record_number: 2752 _uuid: fffca071-31a2-42bb-b68f-c84611851682 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.envsci.2009.12.005 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/fffca071-31a2-42bb-b68f-c84611851682.yaml identifier: fffca071-31a2-42bb-b68f-c84611851682 uri: /reference/fffca071-31a2-42bb-b68f-c84611851682