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reference : The uneven response of different snow measures to human-induced climate warming

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The Uneven Response of Different Snow Measures to Human-Induced Climate Warming
Bibliographic fields
reftype Journal Article
Abstract The effect of human-induced climate warming on different snow measures in the western United States is compared by calculating the time required to achieve a statistically significant linear trend in the different measures, using time series derived from regionally downscaled global climate models. The measures examined include the water content of the spring snowpack, total cold-season snowfall, fraction of winter precipitation that falls as snow, length of the snow season, and fraction of cold-season precipitation retained in the spring snowpack, as well as temperature and precipitation. Various stakeholders may be interested in different sets of these variables. It is found that temperature and the fraction of winter precipitation that falls as snow exhibit significant trends first, followed in 5-10 years by the fraction of cold-season precipitation retained in the spring snowpack, and later still by the water content of the spring snowpack. Change in total cold-season snowfall is least detectable of all the measures, since it is strongly linked to precipitation, which has large natural variability and only a weak anthropogenic trend in the western United States. Averaging over increasingly wider areas monotonically increases the signal-to-noise ratio of the 1950-2025 linear trend from 0.15 to 0.37, depending on the snow measure.
Access Date 2013/08/02
Author Pierce, David W. Cayan, Daniel R.
DOI 10.1175/jcli-d-12-00534.1
Date 2013/06/01
ISSN 0894-8755
Issue 12
Journal Journal of Climate
Keywords Climate change, Climate sensitivity, Snow cover
Pages 4148-4167
Title The uneven response of different snow measures to human-induced climate warming
URL http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00534.1
Volume 26
Year 2013
Bibliographic identifiers
.publisher American Meteorological Society
.reference_type 0
_chapter ["Ch. 3: Water Resources FINAL"]
_record_number 4129
_uuid a30e16b4-cf09-4037-9f32-3d8a4b109884