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reference : Lake Superior summer water temperatures are increasing more rapidly than regional air temperatures: A positive ice-albedo feedback

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Lake Superior summer water temperatures are increasing more rapidly than regional air temperatures: A positive ice-albedo feedback
Bibliographic fields
reftype Journal Article
Abstract Lake Superior summer (July-September) surface water temperatures have increased approximately 2.5°C over the interval 1979-2006, equivalent to a rate of (11 ± 6) × 10^-2°C yr^-1, significantly in excess of regional atmospheric warming. This discrepancy is caused by declining winter ice cover, which is causing the onset of the positively stratified season to occur earlier at a rate of roughly a half day per year. An earlier start of the stratified season significantly increases the period over which the lake warms during the summer months, leading to a stronger trend in mean summer temperatures than would be expected from changes in summer air temperature alone.
Author Austin, Jay A. Colman, Steven M.
DOI 10.1029/2006GL029021
ISSN 0094-8276
Issue 6
Journal Geophysical Research Letters
Keywords Lake Superior; climate change; ice; 0746 Cryosphere: Lakes; 1630 Global Change: Impacts of global change; 1637 Global Change: Regional climate change; 1845 Hydrology: Limnology; 4239 Oceanography: General: Limnology
Pages L06604
Title Lake Superior summer water temperatures are increasing more rapidly than regional air temperatures: A positive ice-albedo feedback
URL http://www.cee.mtu.edu/~reh/papers/pubs/non_Honrath/austin07_2006GL029021.pdf
Volume 34
Year 2007
Bibliographic identifiers
.publisher AGU
.reference_type 0
_chapter ["Ch. 18: Midwest FINAL"]
_record_number 1026
_uuid b63bd0c7-4a60-4486-86b1-94a8b86b32da