--- - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Tarnocai, C.; Canadell, J. G.; Schuur, E. A. G.; Kuhry, P.; Mazhitova, G.; Zimov, S.' DOI: 10.1029/2008GB003327 ISSN: 1944-9224 Issue: 2 Journal: Global Biogeochemical Cycles Keywords: carbon content; carbon-climate feedback; carbon pools; climate change; peatlands; permafrost soils; 0486 Soils/pedology; 0702 Permafrost; 0712 Cryosol; 1621 Cryospheric change; 9315 Arctic region Pages: GB2023 Title: Soil organic carbon pools in the northern circumpolar permafrost region Volume: 23 Year: 2009 _record_number: 20807 _uuid: 05903e43-63b7-4a76-8ddf-625849add0f6 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1029/2008GB003327 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/05903e43-63b7-4a76-8ddf-625849add0f6.yaml identifier: 05903e43-63b7-4a76-8ddf-625849add0f6 uri: /reference/05903e43-63b7-4a76-8ddf-625849add0f6 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Arctic terrestrial ecosystems are major global sources of methane (CH4); hence, it is important to understand the seasonal and climatic controls on CH4 emissions from these systems. Here, we report year-round CH4 emissions from Alaskan Arctic tundra eddy flux sites and regional fluxes derived from aircraft data. We find that emissions during the cold season (September to May) account for ≥50% of the annual CH4 flux, with the highest emissions from noninundated upland tundra. A major fraction of cold season emissions occur during the “zero curtain” period, when subsurface soil temperatures are poised near 0 °C. The zero curtain may persist longer than the growing season, and CH4 emissions are enhanced when the duration is extended by a deep thawed layer as can occur with thick snow cover. Regional scale fluxes of CH4 derived from aircraft data demonstrate the large spatial extent of late season CH4 emissions. Scaled to the circumpolar Arctic, cold season fluxes from tundra total 12 ± 5 (95% confidence interval) Tg CH4 y−1, ∼25% of global emissions from extratropical wetlands, or ∼6% of total global wetland methane emissions. The dominance of late-season emissions, sensitivity to soil environmental conditions, and importance of dry tundra are not currently simulated in most global climate models. Because Arctic warming disproportionally impacts the cold season, our results suggest that higher cold-season CH4 emissions will result from observed and predicted increases in snow thickness, active layer depth, and soil temperature, representing important positive feedbacks on climate warming.' Author: 'Zona, Donatella; Gioli, Beniamino; Commane, Róisín; Lindaas, Jakob; Wofsy, Steven C.; Miller, Charles E.; Dinardo, Steven J.; Dengel, Sigrid; Sweeney, Colm; Karion, Anna; Chang, Rachel Y.-W.; Henderson, John M.; Murphy, Patrick C.; Goodrich, Jordan P.; Moreaux, Virginie; Liljedahl, Anna; Watts, Jennifer D.; Kimball, John S.; Lipson, David A.; Oechel, Walter C.' DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1516017113 Date: 'January 5, 2016' Issue: 1 Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pages: 40-45 Title: Cold season emissions dominate the Arctic tundra methane budget Volume: 113 Year: 2016 _record_number: 20373 _uuid: 0928307d-3733-451d-8ef4-0936eb367f02 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.1516017113 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0928307d-3733-451d-8ef4-0936eb367f02.yaml identifier: 0928307d-3733-451d-8ef4-0936eb367f02 uri: /reference/0928307d-3733-451d-8ef4-0936eb367f02 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Treat, Claire C.; Natali, Susan M.; Ernakovich, Jessica; Iversen, Colleen M.; Lupascu, Massimo; McGuire, Anthony David; Norby, Richard J.; Roy Chowdhury, Taniya; Richter, Andreas; Šantrůčková, Hana; Schädel, Christina; Schuur, Edward A. G.; Sloan, Victoria L.; Turetsky, Merritt R.; Waldrop, Mark P.' DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12875 ISSN: 1365-2486 Issue: 7 Journal: Global Change Biology Keywords: anaerobic incubation; arctic; boreal; carbon dioxide; climate change; methane; permafrost Pages: 2787-2803 Title: A pan-Arctic synthesis of CH 4 and CO 2 production from anoxic soil incubations Volume: 21 Year: 2015 _record_number: 20810 _uuid: 0992f3f4-2780-45e8-bd5c-3a1ec35a6ceb reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/gcb.12875 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0992f3f4-2780-45e8-bd5c-3a1ec35a6ceb.yaml identifier: 0992f3f4-2780-45e8-bd5c-3a1ec35a6ceb uri: /reference/0992f3f4-2780-45e8-bd5c-3a1ec35a6ceb - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'We present an approach to estimate the feedback from large-scale thawing of permafrost soils using a simplified, data-constrained model that combines three elements: soil carbon (C) maps and profiles to identify the distribution and type of C in permafrost soils; incubation experiments to quantify the rates of C lost after thaw; and models of soil thermal dynamics in response to climate warming. We call the approach the Permafrost Carbon Network Incubation–Panarctic Thermal scaling approach (PInc-PanTher). The approach assumes that C stocks do not decompose at all when frozen, but once thawed follow set decomposition trajectories as a function of soil temperature. The trajectories are determined according to a three-pool decomposition model fitted to incubation data using parameters specific to soil horizon types. We calculate litterfall C inputs required to maintain steady-state C balance for the current climate, and hold those inputs constant. Soil temperatures are taken from the soil thermal modules of ecosystem model simulations forced by a common set of future climate change anomalies under two warming scenarios over the period 2010 to 2100. Under a medium warming scenario (RCP4.5), the approach projects permafrost soil C losses of 12.2–33.4 Pg C; under a high warming scenario (RCP8.5), the approach projects C losses of 27.9–112.6 Pg C. Projected C losses are roughly linearly proportional to global temperature changes across the two scenarios. These results indicate a global sensitivity of frozen soil C to climate change (γ sensitivity) of −14 to −19 Pg C °C−1 on a 100 year time scale. For CH4 emissions, our approach assumes a fixed saturated area and that increases in CH4 emissions are related to increased heterotrophic respiration in anoxic soil, yielding CH4 emission increases of 7% and 35% for the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively, which add an additional greenhouse gas forcing of approximately 10–18%. The simplified approach presented here neglects many important processes that may amplify or mitigate C release from permafrost soils, but serves as a data-constrained estimate on the forced, large-scale permafrost C response to warming.%U ' Author: 'Koven, C. D.; Schuur, E. A. G.; Schädel, C.; Bohn, T. J.; Burke, E. J.; Chen, G.; Chen, X.; Ciais, P.; Grosse, G.; Harden, J. W.; Hayes, D. J.; Hugelius, G.; Jafarov, E. E.; Krinner, G.; Kuhry, P.; Lawrence, D. M.; MacDougall, A. H.; Marchenko, S. S.; McGuire, A. D.; Natali, S. M.; Nicolsky, D. J.; Olefeldt, D.; Peng, S.; Romanovsky, V. E.; Schaefer, K. M.; Strauss, J.; Treat, C. C.; Turetsky, M.' DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2014.0423 Issue: 2054 Journal: 'Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences' Pages: 20140423 Title: 'A simplified, data-constrained approach to estimate the permafrost carbon–climate feedback' Volume: 373 Year: 2015 _record_number: 19501 _uuid: 0ee6881f-0ceb-4192-bf18-9fe5f8e4d01c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1098/rsta.2014.0423 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0ee6881f-0ceb-4192-bf18-9fe5f8e4d01c.yaml identifier: 0ee6881f-0ceb-4192-bf18-9fe5f8e4d01c uri: /reference/0ee6881f-0ceb-4192-bf18-9fe5f8e4d01c - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Oh, Youmi; Stackhouse, Brandon; Lau, Maggie C. Y.; Xu, Xiangtao; Trugman, Anna T.; Moch, Jonathan; Onstott, Tullis C.; Jørgensen, Christian J.; D'Imperio, Ludovica; Elberling, Bo; Emmerton, Craig A.; St. Louis, Vincent L.; Medvigy, David" DOI: 10.1002/2016GL069049 ISSN: 1944-8007 Issue: 10 Journal: Geophysical Research Letters Keywords: 'methane models; arctic; terrestrial methane sink; high-affinity methanotrophy; microbial biomass changes; mineral cryosols; 0414 Biogeochemical cycles, processes, and modeling; 0438 Diel, seasonal, and annual cycles; 0466 Modeling; 0475 Permafrost, cryosphere, and high-latitude processes; 0490 Trace gases' Pages: 5143-5150 Title: A scalable model for methane consumption in Arctic mineral soils Volume: 43 Year: 2016 _record_number: 20802 _uuid: 12c3ea10-a785-4e52-b2cf-ecad1c207714 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1002/2016GL069049 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/12c3ea10-a785-4e52-b2cf-ecad1c207714.yaml identifier: 12c3ea10-a785-4e52-b2cf-ecad1c207714 uri: /reference/12c3ea10-a785-4e52-b2cf-ecad1c207714 - attrs: .publisher: Copernicus Publications .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Fisher, J. B.; Sikka, M.; Oechel, W. C.; Huntzinger, D. N.; Melton, J. R.; Koven, C. D.; Ahlström, A.; Arain, M. A.; Baker, I.; Chen, J. M.; Ciais, P.; Davidson, C.; Dietze, M.; El-Masri, B.; Hayes, D.; Huntingford, C.; Jain, A. K.; Levy, P. E.; Lomas, M. R.; Poulter, B.; Price, D.; Sahoo, A. K.; Schaefer, K.; Tian, H.; Tomelleri, E.; Verbeeck, H.; Viovy, N.; Wania, R.; Zeng, N.; Miller, C. E.' DOI: 10.5194/bg-11-4271-2014 ISSN: 1726-4189 Issue: 15 Journal: Biogeosciences Pages: 4271-4288 Title: Carbon cycle uncertainty in the Alaskan Arctic Volume: 11 Year: 2014 _record_number: 20556 _uuid: 19747fc7-181f-4af9-97fb-f47dd75140bf reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.5194/bg-11-4271-2014 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/19747fc7-181f-4af9-97fb-f47dd75140bf.yaml identifier: 19747fc7-181f-4af9-97fb-f47dd75140bf uri: /reference/19747fc7-181f-4af9-97fb-f47dd75140bf - attrs: .publisher: Nature Publishing Group .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Chadburn, S. E.; Burke, E. J.; Cox, P. M.; Friedlingstein, P.; Hugelius, G.; Westermann, S.' DOI: 10.1038/nclimate3262 Date: 04/10/online ISSN: 1758-6798 Journal: Nature Climate Change Pages: 340-344 Title: An observation-based constraint on permafrost loss as a function of global warming Volume: 7 Year: 2017 _record_number: 20787 _uuid: 29b5eac3-49d9-47aa-9f54-fa5c2501c39b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nclimate3262 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/29b5eac3-49d9-47aa-9f54-fa5c2501c39b.yaml identifier: 29b5eac3-49d9-47aa-9f54-fa5c2501c39b uri: /reference/29b5eac3-49d9-47aa-9f54-fa5c2501c39b - attrs: .reference_type: 1 Author: AMAP Number of Pages: 538 Place Published: 'Oslo, Norway' Publisher: Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme Reviewer: 2ecb64ff-f4e0-4acd-b049-e5d04f44c57a Title: 'Snow, Water, Ice and Permafrost in the Arctic (SWIPA): Climate Change and the Cryosphere' URL: http://www.amap.no/documents/download/1448 Year: 2011 _chapter: '["RF 3","Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL","Appendix 3: Climate Science FINAL"]' _record_number: 1547 _uuid: 2ecb64ff-f4e0-4acd-b049-e5d04f44c57a reftype: Book child_publication: /report/amap-swipa-2011-overview-report href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2ecb64ff-f4e0-4acd-b049-e5d04f44c57a.yaml identifier: 2ecb64ff-f4e0-4acd-b049-e5d04f44c57a uri: /reference/2ecb64ff-f4e0-4acd-b049-e5d04f44c57a - attrs: .publisher: Nature Publishing Group .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Hollesen, Jørgen; Matthiesen, Henning; Møller, Anders Bjørn; Elberling, Bo' DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2590 Date: 06//print ISSN: 1758-678X Issue: 6 Journal: Nature Climate Change Pages: 574-578 Title: Permafrost thawing in organic Arctic soils accelerated by ground heat production Volume: 5 Year: 2015 _record_number: 20793 _uuid: 36a37175-cb3e-463a-9259-499506b15ef3 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nclimate2590 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/36a37175-cb3e-463a-9259-499506b15ef3.yaml identifier: 36a37175-cb3e-463a-9259-499506b15ef3 uri: /reference/36a37175-cb3e-463a-9259-499506b15ef3 - attrs: .publisher: Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Schuur, Edward A. G.; Vogel, Jason G.; Crummer, Kathryn G.; Lee, Hanna; Sickman, James O.; Osterkamp, T. E.' DOI: 10.1038/nature08031 Date: 05/28/print ISSN: 0028-0836 Issue: 7246 Journal: Nature Pages: 556-559 Title: The effect of permafrost thaw on old carbon release and net carbon exchange from tundra Volume: 459 Year: 2009 _record_number: 20804 _uuid: 3a1ac4af-4295-4dff-a77f-d4d58d618d62 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nature08031 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3a1ac4af-4295-4dff-a77f-d4d58d618d62.yaml identifier: 3a1ac4af-4295-4dff-a77f-d4d58d618d62 uri: /reference/3a1ac4af-4295-4dff-a77f-d4d58d618d62 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: D.G. Vaughan; J.C. Comiso; I. Allison; J. Carrasco; G. Kaser; R. Kwok; P. Mote; T. Murray; F. Paul; J. Ren; E. Rignot; O. Solomina; K. Steffen; T. Zhang Book Title: 'Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change' Editor: T.F. Stocker; D. Qin; G.-K. Plattner; M. Tignor; S.K. Allen; J. Boschung; A. Nauels; Y. Xia; V. Bex; P.M. Midgley ISBN: ISBN 978-1-107-66182-0 Pages: 317–382 Place Published: 'Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA' Publisher: Cambridge University Press Title: 'Observations: Cryosphere' URL: http://www.climatechange2013.org/report/full-report/ Year: 2013 _record_number: 16470 _uuid: 3d339c60-bdf6-44f9-900d-249676925b4f reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/ipcc-ar5-wg1/chapter/wg1-ar5-chapter04-final href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3d339c60-bdf6-44f9-900d-249676925b4f.yaml identifier: 3d339c60-bdf6-44f9-900d-249676925b4f uri: /reference/3d339c60-bdf6-44f9-900d-249676925b4f - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Permafrost soils contain enormous amounts of organic carbon whose stability is contingent on remaining frozen. With future warming, these soils may release carbon to the atmosphere and act as a positive feedback to climate change. Significant uncertainty remains on the postthaw carbon dynamics of permafrost-affected ecosystems, in particular since most of the carbon resides at depth where decomposition dynamics may differ from surface soils, and since nitrogen mineralized by decomposition may enhance plant growth. Here we show, using a carbon−nitrogen model that includes permafrost processes forced in an unmitigated warming scenario, that the future carbon balance of the permafrost region is highly sensitive to the decomposability of deeper carbon, with the net balance ranging from 21 Pg C to 164 Pg C losses by 2300. Increased soil nitrogen mineralization reduces nutrient limitations, but the impact of deep nitrogen on the carbon budget is small due to enhanced nitrogen availability from warming surface soils and seasonal asynchrony between deeper nitrogen availability and plant nitrogen demands. Although nitrogen dynamics are highly uncertain, the future carbon balance of this region is projected to hinge more on the rate and extent of permafrost thaw and soil decomposition than on enhanced nitrogen availability for vegetation growth resulting from permafrost thaw.' Author: 'Koven, Charles D.; Lawrence, David M.; Riley, William J.' DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1415123112 Date: 'March 24, 2015' Issue: 12 Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Pages: 3752-3757 Title: Permafrost carbon−climate feedback is sensitive to deep soil carbon decomposability but not deep soil nitrogen dynamics Volume: 112 Year: 2015 _record_number: 19502 _uuid: 55c65d6f-38d7-45e3-91f3-993d46bb29be reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.1415123112 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/55c65d6f-38d7-45e3-91f3-993d46bb29be.yaml identifier: 55c65d6f-38d7-45e3-91f3-993d46bb29be uri: /reference/55c65d6f-38d7-45e3-91f3-993d46bb29be - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Degrading permafrost can alter ecosystems, damage infrastructure, and release enough carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ) to influence global climate. The permafrost carbon feedback (PCF) is the amplification of surface warming due to CO 2 and CH 4 emissions from thawing permafrost. An analysis of available estimates PCF strength and timing indicate 120 ± 85 Gt of carbon emissions from thawing permafrost by 2100. This is equivalent to 5.7 ± 4.0% of total anthropogenic emissions for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario and would increase global temperatures by 0.29 ± 0.21 °C or 7.8 ± 5.7%. For RCP4.5, the scenario closest to the 2 °C warming target for the climate change treaty, the range of cumulative emissions in 2100 from thawing permafrost decreases to between 27 and 100 Gt C with temperature increases between 0.05 and 0.15 °C, but the relative fraction of permafrost to total emissions increases to between 3% and 11%. Any substantial warming results in a committed, long-term carbon release from thawing permafrost with 60% of emissions occurring after 2100, indicating that not accounting for permafrost emissions risks overshooting the 2 °C warming target. Climate projections in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5), and any emissions targets based on those projections, do not adequately account for emissions from thawing permafrost and the effects of the PCF on global climate. We recommend the IPCC commission a special assessment focusing on the PCF and its impact on global climate to supplement the AR5 in support of treaty negotiation.' Author: 'Schaefer, Kevin; Hugues Lantuit; Vladimir, E. Romanovsky; Edward A. G. Schuur; Ronald Witt' DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/9/8/085003 ISSN: 1748-9326 Issue: 8 Journal: Environmental Research Letters Pages: 085003 Title: The impact of the permafrost carbon feedback on global climate Volume: 9 Year: 2014 _record_number: 19516 _uuid: 5b7d739a-50de-4006-811f-5a9bd469c977 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1088/1748-9326/9/8/085003 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/5b7d739a-50de-4006-811f-5a9bd469c977.yaml identifier: 5b7d739a-50de-4006-811f-5a9bd469c977 uri: /reference/5b7d739a-50de-4006-811f-5a9bd469c977 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: G. Myhre ; D. Shindell; F.-M. Bréon; W. Collins; J. Fuglestvedt; J. Huang; D. Koch; J.-F. Lamarque; D. Lee; B. Mendoza; T. Nakajima; A. Robock; G. Stephens; T. Takemura; H. Zhang Book Title: 'Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change' Editor: T.F. Stocker; D. Qin; G.-K. Plattner; M. Tignor; S.K. Allen; J. Boschung; A. Nauels; Y. Xia; V. Bex; P.M. Midgley ISBN: ISBN 978-1-107-66182-0 Pages: 659–740 Place Published: 'Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA' Publisher: Cambridge University Press Title: Anthropogenic and natural radiative forcing URL: http://www.climatechange2013.org/report/full-report/ Year: 2013 _record_number: 16467 _uuid: 6c7c285c-8606-41fe-bf93-100d80f1d17a reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/ipcc-ar5-wg1/chapter/wg1-ar5-chapter08-final href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/6c7c285c-8606-41fe-bf93-100d80f1d17a.yaml identifier: 6c7c285c-8606-41fe-bf93-100d80f1d17a uri: /reference/6c7c285c-8606-41fe-bf93-100d80f1d17a - attrs: .publisher: Nature Publishing Group .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Ice wedges are common features of the subsurface in permafrost regions. They develop by repeated frost cracking and ice vein growth over hundreds to thousands of years. Ice-wedge formation causes the archetypal polygonal patterns seen in tundra across the Arctic landscape. Here we use field and remote sensing observations to document polygon succession due to ice-wedge degradation and trough development in ten Arctic localities over sub-decadal timescales. Initial thaw drains polygon centres and forms disconnected troughs that hold isolated ponds. Continued ice-wedge melting leads to increased trough connectivity and an overall draining of the landscape. We find that melting at the tops of ice wedges over recent decades and subsequent decimetre-scale ground subsidence is a widespread Arctic phenomenon. Although permafrost temperatures have been increasing gradually, we find that ice-wedge degradation is occurring on sub-decadal timescales. Our hydrological model simulations show that advanced ice-wedge degradation can significantly alter the water balance of lowland tundra by reducing inundation and increasing runoff, in particular due to changes in snow distribution as troughs form. We predict that ice-wedge degradation and the hydrological changes associated with the resulting differential ground subsidence will expand and amplify in rapidly warming permafrost regions.' Author: 'Liljedahl, Anna K.; Boike, Julia; Daanen, Ronald P.; Fedorov, Alexander N.; Frost, Gerald V.; Grosse, Guido; Hinzman, Larry D.; Iijma, Yoshihiro; Jorgenson, Janet C.; Matveyeva, Nadya; Necsoiu, Marius; Raynolds, Martha K.; Romanovsky, Vladimir E.; Schulla, Jorg; Tape, Ken D.; Walker, Donald A.; Wilson, Cathy J.; Yabuki, Hironori; Zona, Donatella' DOI: 10.1038/ngeo2674 Date: 04//print ISSN: 1752-0894 Issue: 4 Journal: Nature Geoscience Pages: 312-318 Title: Pan-Arctic ice-wedge degradation in warming permafrost and its influence on tundra hydrology Volume: 9 Year: 2016 _record_number: 19504 _uuid: 747900dd-7e2a-42e4-8e9f-e92b34e2eed4 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/ngeo2674 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/747900dd-7e2a-42e4-8e9f-e92b34e2eed4.yaml identifier: 747900dd-7e2a-42e4-8e9f-e92b34e2eed4 uri: /reference/747900dd-7e2a-42e4-8e9f-e92b34e2eed4 - attrs: .publisher: American Meteorological Society .reference_type: 0 Author: V. E. Romanovsky; S. L. Smith; K. Isaksen; N. I. Shiklomanov; D. A. Streletskiy; A. L. Kholodov; H. H. Christiansen; D. S. Drozdov; G. V. Malkova; S. S. Marchenko DOI: 10.1175/2016BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 ISSN: 0003-0007 Issue: 8 Journal: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Pages: S149-S152 Title: '[The Arctic] Terrestrial permafrost [in “State of the Climate in 2015”]' Volume: 97 Year: 2016 _record_number: 20374 _uuid: 75d4db91-a3d6-4533-bc7d-a4c4f3d89d99 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1175/2016BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/75d4db91-a3d6-4533-bc7d-a4c4f3d89d99.yaml identifier: 75d4db91-a3d6-4533-bc7d-a4c4f3d89d99 uri: /reference/75d4db91-a3d6-4533-bc7d-a4c4f3d89d99 - attrs: .publisher: Nature Publishing Group .reference_type: 0 Author: "Schädel, Christina; Bader, Martin K. F.; Schuur, Edward A. G.; Biasi, Christina; Bracho, Rosvel; Capek, Petr; De Baets, Sarah; Diakova, Katerina; Ernakovich, Jessica; Estop-Aragones, Cristian; Graham, David E.; Hartley, Iain P.; Iversen, Colleen M.; Kane, Evan; Knoblauch, Christian; Lupascu, Massimo; Martikainen, Pertti J.; Natali, Susan M.; Norby, Richard J.; O'Donnell, Jonathan A.; Chowdhury, Taniya Roy; Santruckova, Hana; Shaver, Gaius; Sloan, Victoria L.; Treat, Claire C.; Turetsky, Merritt R.; Waldrop, Mark P.; Wickland, Kimberly P." DOI: 10.1038/nclimate3054 Date: 10//print ISSN: 1758-678X Issue: 10 Journal: Nature Climate Change Pages: 950-953 Title: Potential carbon emissions dominated by carbon dioxide from thawed permafrost soils Volume: 6 Year: 2016 _record_number: 20306 _uuid: e08db6e2-291f-465b-a693-a90f6110f5af reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nclimate3054 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e08db6e2-291f-465b-a693-a90f6110f5af.yaml identifier: e08db6e2-291f-465b-a693-a90f6110f5af uri: /reference/e08db6e2-291f-465b-a693-a90f6110f5af - attrs: .publisher: 'Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.' .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Schuur, E. A. G.; McGuire, A. D.; Schadel, C.; Grosse, G.; Harden, J. W.; Hayes, D. J.; Hugelius, G.; Koven, C. D.; Kuhry, P.; Lawrence, D. M.; Natali, S. M.; Olefeldt, D.; Romanovsky, V. E.; Schaefer, K.; Turetsky, M. R.; Treat, C. C.; Vonk, J. E.' DOI: 10.1038/nature14338 Date: 04/09/print ISSN: 0028-0836 Issue: 7546 Journal: Nature Pages: 171-179 Title: Climate change and the permafrost carbon feedback Volume: 520 Year: 2015 _record_number: 19517 _uuid: e787a738-62a2-4c16-984c-b37f225a7510 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nature14338 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e787a738-62a2-4c16-984c-b37f225a7510.yaml identifier: e787a738-62a2-4c16-984c-b37f225a7510 uri: /reference/e787a738-62a2-4c16-984c-b37f225a7510