--- attributes: ~ caption: 'CMIP5 global climate models typically operate at coarser horizontal spatial scales on the order of 30 to 200 miles (50 to 300 km), while regional climate models have much finer resolutions, on the order of 6 to 30 miles (10 to 50 km). This figure compares annual average precipitation (in millimeters) for the historical period 1979–2008 using (a) a resolution of 250 km or 150 miles with (b) a resolution of 15 miles or 25 km to illustrate the importance of spatial scale in resolving key topographical features, particularly along the coasts and in mountainous areas. In this case, both simulations are by the GFDL HIRAM, an experimental high-resolution model. (Figure source: adapted from Dixon et al. 2016dedfd6d8-a9f8-41c8-92a7-7426e7e014af ).' chapter: doi: 10.7930/J0WH2N54 identifier: projections number: 4 report_identifier: climate-science-special-report sort_key: 6 title: 'Climate Models, Scenarios, and Projections' url: https://science2017.globalchange.gov/chapter/4/ chapter_identifier: projections cited_by: [] contributors: - href: https://data.globalchange.gov/contributor/27798.yaml id: 27798 organization: country_code: US identifier: texas-tech-university international: ~ name: Texas Tech University organization_type_identifier: academic url: http://www.ttu.edu organization_uri: /organization/texas-tech-university person: first_name: Anne Marie K. id: 8247 last_name: Stoner middle_name: ~ orcid: ~ url: ~ person_id: 8247 person_uri: /person/8247 role_type_identifier: point_of_contact uri: /contributor/27798 - href: https://data.globalchange.gov/contributor/27791.yaml id: 27791 organization: country_code: US identifier: texas-tech-university international: ~ name: Texas Tech University organization_type_identifier: academic url: http://www.ttu.edu organization_uri: /organization/texas-tech-university person: first_name: Katharine id: 1024 last_name: Hayhoe middle_name: ~ orcid: 0000-0003-3625-1402 url: http://www.katharinehayhoe.com/ person_id: 1024 person_uri: /person/1024 role_type_identifier: point_of_contact uri: /contributor/27791 - href: https://data.globalchange.gov/contributor/27799.yaml id: 27799 organization: country_code: US identifier: geophysical-fluid-dynamics-laboratory international: ~ name: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory organization_type_identifier: federal url: http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/ organization_uri: /organization/geophysical-fluid-dynamics-laboratory person: first_name: Keith W. id: 8369 last_name: Dixon middle_name: ~ orcid: 0000-0003-3044-326X url: http://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/keith-dixon-homepage person_id: 8369 person_uri: /person/8369 role_type_identifier: point_of_contact uri: /contributor/27799 create_dt: 2016-10-14T16:41:34 files: - file: df/c2/d0d2ee111ca8d5e2806d3062b06e/images-nokTTQLbmd8zzuWr7-Projections_Model_Spatial_Scale_V3.png href: https://data.globalchange.gov/assets/df/c2/d0d2ee111ca8d5e2806d3062b06e/images-nokTTQLbmd8zzuWr7-Projections_Model_Spatial_Scale_V3.png identifier: 48da3370-d1aa-45f8-b14c-ae50dabe810e landing_page: ~ location: ~ mime_type: image/png sha1: 445773dbea375ac7a8f377604498eb4bd45a9ffb size: 620986 thumbnail: df/c2/d0d2ee111ca8d5e2806d3062b06e/.thumb-48da3370-d1aa-45f8-b14c-ae50dabe810e.png thumbnail_href: https://data.globalchange.gov/assets/df/c2/d0d2ee111ca8d5e2806d3062b06e/.thumb-48da3370-d1aa-45f8-b14c-ae50dabe810e.png uri: /file/48da3370-d1aa-45f8-b14c-ae50dabe810e url: /assets/df/c2/d0d2ee111ca8d5e2806d3062b06e/images-nokTTQLbmd8zzuWr7-Projections_Model_Spatial_Scale_V3.png gcmd_keywords: [] href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/projections/figure/model-spatial-scale-comparison.yaml identifier: model-spatial-scale-comparison images: - attributes: ~ create_dt: 2016-11-18T19:05:30 description: ~ identifier: fb6f32f9-5789-41b2-a830-7bbe70b28a06 lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ position: ~ submission_dt: 2017-10-24T12:38:59 time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: 250km Resolution url: ~ usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ create_dt: 2016-11-18T19:05:30 description: ~ identifier: 3b776a3f-fa36-4c68-8e79-da40f40cbdef lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ position: ~ submission_dt: 2017-10-24T12:39:09 time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: 25km Resolution url: ~ usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. kindred_figures: [] lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 4 parents: [] references: - href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/dedfd6d8-a9f8-41c8-92a7-7426e7e014af.yaml uri: /reference/dedfd6d8-a9f8-41c8-92a7-7426e7e014af regions: [] report_identifier: climate-science-special-report source_citation: ~ submission_dt: 2017-08-31T13:34:19 time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Model Spatial Comparison uri: /report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/projections/figure/model-spatial-scale-comparison url: ~ usage_limits: Copyright protected. 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