--- - attributes: ~ caption: '(a–d) Static-equilibrium fingerprints of the relative sea level (RSL) effect of land ice melt, in units of feet of RSL change per feet of global mean sea level (GMSL) change, for mass loss from (a) Greenland, (b) West Antarctica, (c) East Antarctica, and (d) the median projected combination of melting glaciers, after Kopp et al.e8f60819-839e-4772-8a49-7c57d9c53424 ,38924fa0-a0dd-44c9-a2a0-366ca610b280 (e) Model projections of the rate of RSL rise due to glacial-isostatic adjustment (units of feet/century), after Kopp et al.e8f60819-839e-4772-8a49-7c57d9c53424 (f) Tide gauge-based estimates of the non-climatic, long term contribution to RSL rise, including the effects of glacial isostatic adjustment, tectonics, and sediment compaction (units of feet/century).38924fa0-a0dd-44c9-a2a0-366ca610b280 (Figure source: (a)–(d) Kopp et al. 2015,e8f60819-839e-4772-8a49-7c57d9c53424 (e) adapted from Kopp et al. 2015;e8f60819-839e-4772-8a49-7c57d9c53424 (f) adapted from Sweet et al. 2017c66bf5a9-a6d7-4043-ad99-db0ae6ae562c ).' chapter_identifier: sea-level-rise create_dt: 2016-09-13T20:26:38 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/sea-level-rise/figure/figure-12-1_combined.yaml identifier: figure-12-1_combined lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 1 report_identifier: climate-science-special-report source_citation: ~ submission_dt: 2017-10-13T18:23:14 time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: relative sea level uri: /report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/sea-level-rise/figure/figure-12-1_combined url: ~ usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: '(a) The relationship between peak global mean temperature, maximum global mean sea level (GMSL), and source(s) of meltwater for two periods in the past with global mean temperature comparable to or warmer than present. Light blue shading indicates uncertainty of GMSL maximum. Red pie charts over Greenland and Antarctica denote fraction, not location, of ice retreat. Atmospheric CO2 levels in 2100 are shown under RCP8.5 (b) GMSL rise from −500 to 1900 CE, from Kopp et al.’sa0130167-b319-493d-bedc-7cab8f8fe9d9 geological and tide gauge-based reconstruction (blue), from 1900 to 2010 from Hay et al.’s7c318710-b8fb-4e09-9982-546f2b60be67 tide gauge-based reconstruction (black), and from 1992 to 2015 from the satellite-based reconstruction updated from Nerem et al.7b7ffcb0-766c-43b3-ac22-db29fbffef71 (magenta). (Figure source: (a) adapted from Dutton et al. 2015c0bdfdf2-5012-4496-9d27-c8d540fd4d4b and (b) Sweet et al. 2017c66bf5a9-a6d7-4043-ad99-db0ae6ae562c ).' chapter_identifier: sea-level-rise create_dt: 2017-10-06T17:12:05 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/sea-level-rise/figure/slr_co2-and-historical-global-mean-sea-level_v1.yaml identifier: slr_co2-and-historical-global-mean-sea-level_v1 lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 2 report_identifier: climate-science-special-report source_citation: ~ submission_dt: 2017-10-13T18:23:33 time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: 'Sea Level Rise, CO2, and Historical Global Mean Sea Level' uri: /report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/sea-level-rise/figure/slr_co2-and-historical-global-mean-sea-level_v1 url: ~ usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: '(a) Contributions of ocean mass changes from land ice and land water storage (measured by satellite gravimetry) and ocean volume changes (or steric, primarily from thermal expansion measured by in situ ocean profilers) and their comparison to global mean sea level (GMSL) change (measured by satellite altimetry) since 1993. (b) An estimate of modeled GMSL rise in the absence of 20th century warming (blue), from the same model with observed warming (red), and compared to observed GMSL change (black). Heavy/light shading indicates the 17th–83rd and 5th–95th percentiles. (c) Rates of change from 1993 to 2015 in sea surface height from satellite altimetry data; updated from Kopp et al.e8f60819-839e-4772-8a49-7c57d9c53424 using data updated from Church and White.94a8514e-063e-45ef-b893-11c82b49a597 (Figure source: (a) adapted and updated from Leuliette and Nerem 2016,205a8499-bda4-4910-b26a-585acbb3729d (b) adapted from Kopp et al. 2016a0130167-b319-493d-bedc-7cab8f8fe9d9 and (c) adapted and updated from Kopp et al. 2015e8f60819-839e-4772-8a49-7c57d9c53424 ).' chapter_identifier: sea-level-rise create_dt: 2017-10-06T17:14:33 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/sea-level-rise/figure/slr_global-mean-sea-level-budget-and-height_v1-01.yaml identifier: slr_global-mean-sea-level-budget-and-height_v1-01 lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 3 report_identifier: climate-science-special-report source_citation: ~ submission_dt: 2017-10-13T18:24:14 time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Changes in Sea Level in Sea Surface Height uri: /report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/sea-level-rise/figure/slr_global-mean-sea-level-budget-and-height_v1-01 url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: '(a) Global mean sea level (GMSL) rise from 1800 to 2100, based on Figure 12.2b from 1800 to 2015, the six Interagencyc66bf5a9-a6d7-4043-ad99-db0ae6ae562c GMSL scenarios (navy blue, royal blue, cyan, green, orange, and red curves), the very likely ranges in 2100 for different RCPs (colored boxes), and lines augmenting the very likely ranges by the difference between the median Antarctic contribution of Kopp et al.38924fa0-a0dd-44c9-a2a0-366ca610b280 and the various median Antarctic projections of DeConto and Pollard.ae82c8a3-3033-4103-91e9-926a27d1fa18 (b) Relative sea level(RSL) rise (feet) in 2100 projected for the Interagency Intermediate Scenario (1-meter [3.3 feet] GMSL rise by 2100) (Figure source: Sweet et al. 2017c66bf5a9-a6d7-4043-ad99-db0ae6ae562c).' chapter_identifier: sea-level-rise create_dt: 2017-10-06T17:12:27 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/sea-level-rise/figure/slr_global-mean-and-relative-sea-level_v1.yaml identifier: slr_global-mean-and-relative-sea-level_v1 lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 4 report_identifier: climate-science-special-report source_citation: ~ submission_dt: 2017-10-13T18:24:24 time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Projected Global Mean and Relative Sea Level uri: /report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/sea-level-rise/figure/slr_global-mean-and-relative-sea-level_v1 url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: '(a) Tidal floods (days per year) exceeding NOAA thresholds for minor impacts at 28 NOAA tide gauges through 2015. (b) Historical exceedances (orange), future projections through 2100 based upon the continuation of the historical trend (blue), and future projections under median RCP2.6, 4.5 and 8.5 conditions, for two of the locations—Charleston, SC and San Francisco, CA. (c) Water level heights above average highest tide associated with a local 5-year recurrence probability, and (d) the future decade when the 5-year event becomes a 0.2-year (5 or more times per year) event under the Interagency Intermediate scenario; black dots imply that a 5-year to 0.2-year frequency change does not unfold by 2200 under the Intermediate scenario. (Figure source: (a) adapted from Sweet and Marra 2016,048006a1-a72d-44a1-bdab-fff317c842f7 (b) adapted from Sweet and Park 2014,91aeffdb-e82f-4645-abe9-f6ea6909e979 (c) and (d) Sweet et al. 2017c66bf5a9-a6d7-4043-ad99-db0ae6ae562c).' chapter_identifier: sea-level-rise create_dt: 2017-10-06T17:15:03 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/sea-level-rise/figure/slr_tidal-floods_v1.yaml identifier: slr_tidal-floods_v1 lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 5 report_identifier: climate-science-special-report source_citation: ~ submission_dt: 2017-10-13T18:24:31 time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Tidal Floods uri: /report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/sea-level-rise/figure/slr_tidal-floods_v1 url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source.