uri,href,identifier,attrs.Abstract,attrs.Author,attrs.DOI,attrs.Date,attrs.ISSN,attrs.Issue,attrs.Journal,attrs.Pages,attrs.Title,attrs.Volume,attrs.Year,attrs._record_number,attrs._uuid,attrs.reftype,child_publication
/reference/2f97778b-5e02-44b5-b4a5-14492fd37ec8,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2f97778b-5e02-44b5-b4a5-14492fd37ec8,2f97778b-5e02-44b5-b4a5-14492fd37ec8,"The growing human population and a changing environment have raised significant concern for global food security, with the current improvement rate of several important crops inadequate to meet future demand 1 . This slow improvement rate is attributed partly to the long generation times of crop plants. Here, we present a method called ‘speed breeding’, which greatly shortens generation time and accelerates breeding and research programmes. Speed breeding can be used to achieve up to 6 generations per year for spring wheat (Triticum aestivum), durum wheat (T. durum), barley (Hordeum vulgare), chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and pea (Pisum sativum), and 4 generations for canola (Brassica napus), instead of 2–3 under normal glasshouse conditions. We demonstrate that speed breeding in fully enclosed, controlled-environment growth chambers can accelerate plant development for research purposes, including phenotyping of adult plant traits, mutant studies and transformation. The use of supplemental lighting in a glasshouse environment allows rapid generation cycling through single seed descent (SSD) and potential for adaptation to larger-scale crop improvement programs. Cost saving through light-emitting diode (LED) supplemental lighting is also outlined. We envisage great potential for integrating speed breeding with other modern crop breeding technologies, including high-throughput genotyping, genome editing and genomic selection, accelerating the rate of crop improvement.","Watson, Amy; Ghosh, Sreya; Williams, Matthew J.; Cuddy, William S.; Simmonds, James; Rey, María-Dolores; Asyraf Md Hatta, M.; Hinchliffe, Alison; Steed, Andrew; Reynolds, Daniel; Adamski, Nikolai M.; Breakspear, Andy; Korolev, Andrey; Rayner, Tracey; Dixon, Laura E.; Riaz, Adnan; Martin, William; Ryan, Merrill; Edwards, David; Batley, Jacqueline; Raman, Harsh; Carter, Jeremy; Rogers, Christian; Domoney, Claire; Moore, Graham; Harwood, Wendy; Nicholson, Paul; Dieters, Mark J.; DeLacy, Ian H.; Zhou, Ji; Uauy, Cristobal; Boden, Scott A.; Park, Robert F.; Wulff, Brande B. H.; Hickey, Lee T.",10.1038/s41477-017-0083-8,2018/01/01,2055-0278,1,"Nature Plants",23-29,"Speed breeding is a powerful tool to accelerate crop research and breeding",4,2018,25533,2f97778b-5e02-44b5-b4a5-14492fd37ec8,"Journal Article",/article/10.1038/s41477-017-0083-8
/reference/2fb19c54-72ed-460d-a72f-78f257decd7c,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2fb19c54-72ed-460d-a72f-78f257decd7c,2fb19c54-72ed-460d-a72f-78f257decd7c,,"Morello-Frosch, Rachel
Manuel Pastor
James Sadd
Seth B. Shonkoff",,,,,,,"The Climate Gap: Inequalities in How Climate Change Hurts Americans & How to Close the Gap",,2009,4578,2fb19c54-72ed-460d-a72f-78f257decd7c,Report,/report/uca-climategap-2009
/reference/35c90ff0-81c5-40f7-be34-8c7d832e69fc,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/35c90ff0-81c5-40f7-be34-8c7d832e69fc,35c90ff0-81c5-40f7-be34-8c7d832e69fc,"Biochar additions to soils can improve soil-water storage capability; however, there is sparse information identifying feedstocks and pyrolysis conditions that maximize this improvement. Nine biochars were pyrolyzed from five feedstocks at two temperatures, and their physical and chemical properties were characterized. Biochars were mixed at 2% wt wt−1 into a Norfolk loamy sand (Fine-loamy, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kandiudult), a Declo silt loam (Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic xeric Haplocalcid), or a Warden silt loam (Coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic xeric Haplocambid). Untreated soils served as controls. Soils were laboratory incubated in pots for 127 days and were leached about every 30 days with deionized water. Soil bulk densities were measured before each leaching event. For 6 days thereafter, pot-holding capacities (PHC) for water were determined gravimetrically and were used as a surrogate for soil-moisture contents. Water tension curves were also measured on the biochar-treated and untreated Norfolk soil. Biochar surface area, surface tension, ash, C, and Si contents, in general, increased when produced under higher pyrolytic temperatures (≥500°C). Both switchgrass biochars caused the most significant water PHC improvements in the Norfolk, Declo, and Warden soils compared with the controls. Norfolk soil-water tension results at 5 and 60 kPa corroborated that biochar from switchgrass caused the most significant moisture storage improvements. Significant correlation occurred between the PHC for water with soil bulk densities. In general, biochar amendments enhanced the moisture storage capacity of Ultisols and Aridisols, but the effect varied with feedstock selection and pyrolysis temperature.","Novak, Jeffrey M.; Busscher, Warren J.; Watts, Donald W.; Amonette, James E.; Ippolito, James A.; Lima, Isabel M.; Gaskin, Julia; Das, K. C.; Steiner, Christoph; Ahmedna, Mohamed; Rehrah, Djaafar; Schomberg, Harry",10.1097/SS.0b013e31824e5593,,0038-075X,5,"Soil Science",310-320,"Biochars impact on soil-moisture storage in an Ultisol and two Aridisols",177,2012,25544,35c90ff0-81c5-40f7-be34-8c7d832e69fc,"Journal Article",/article/10.1097/SS.0b013e31824e5593
/reference/3618ca51-690c-4dfe-8136-5c398ff2786f,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3618ca51-690c-4dfe-8136-5c398ff2786f,3618ca51-690c-4dfe-8136-5c398ff2786f,"This report addresses the development of dryland oilseed crops to provide feedstock for production of biofuels in semi-arid portions of the northwestern USA. Bioenergy feedstocks derived from Brassica oilseed crops have been considered for production of hydrotreated renewable jet fuel, but crop growth and yields in the northwestern region are limited by a lack of plant available water. Based on a review of the scientific literature, several areas were identified where research could be directed to provide improvements. The current agronomic limitations for oilseed production are mainly due to seedling establishment under extreme heat, dry seedbeds at optimum planting times, survival under extreme cold, and interspecific competition with weeds. To improve emergence and stand establishment, future work should focus on developing soil management and seeding techniques that optimize plant available water, reduce heat stress, and provide a competitive advantage against weeds that are customized for specific crops, soil types, and soil and environmental conditions. Spring and winter cultivars are needed that offer increased seedling vigor, drought resistance, and cold tolerance.","Long, D. S.; Young, F. L.; Schillinger, W. F.; Reardon, C. L.; Williams, J. D.; Allen, B. L.; Pan, W. L.; Wysocki, D. J.",10.1007/s12155-016-9719-1,"June 01",1939-1242,2,"BioEnergy Research",412-429,"Development of dryland oilseed production systems in northwestern region of the USA",9,2016,25549,3618ca51-690c-4dfe-8136-5c398ff2786f,"Journal Article",/article/10.1007/s12155-016-9719-1
/reference/3753670c-572d-4523-b503-f15a60454fcd,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3753670c-572d-4523-b503-f15a60454fcd,3753670c-572d-4523-b503-f15a60454fcd,,"FEMA,",,,,,,62,"The California Fires Coordination Group. A Report to the Secretary of Homeland Security",,2004,25570,3753670c-572d-4523-b503-f15a60454fcd,Report,/report/california-fires-coordination-group-report-secretary-homeland-security
/reference/37ed3902-a0a7-4e27-9ee3-d227ee4465ea,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/37ed3902-a0a7-4e27-9ee3-d227ee4465ea,37ed3902-a0a7-4e27-9ee3-d227ee4465ea,,"Mader, T. L.; Holt, S. M.; Hahn, G. L.; Davis, M. S.; Spiers, D. E.",10.2527/2002.8092373x,,,9,"Journal of Animal Science",2373-2382,"Feeding strategies for managing heat load in feedlot cattle",80,2002,23627,37ed3902-a0a7-4e27-9ee3-d227ee4465ea,"Journal Article",/article/10.2527/2002.8092373x
/reference/38649302-7d94-4d5d-89bb-e50bd9eb242b,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/38649302-7d94-4d5d-89bb-e50bd9eb242b,38649302-7d94-4d5d-89bb-e50bd9eb242b,,"Garbrecht, Jurgen D.; Steiner, Jean L.; Cox, Craig A.",10.1002/hyp.6853,,,19,"Hydrological Processes",2677-2679,"The times they are changing: Soil and water conservation in the 21st century",21,2007,26128,38649302-7d94-4d5d-89bb-e50bd9eb242b,"Journal Article",/article/10.1002/hyp.6853
/reference/38b0ec9f-8c00-428f-9ec9-6214f617515d,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/38b0ec9f-8c00-428f-9ec9-6214f617515d,38b0ec9f-8c00-428f-9ec9-6214f617515d,"A combination of climate events (e.g., low precipitation and high temperatures) may cause a significant impact on the ecosystem and society, although individual events involved may not be severe extremes themselves. Analyzing historical changes in concurrent climate extremes is critical to preparing for and mitigating the negative effects of climatic change and variability. This study focuses on the changes in concurrences of heatwaves and meteorological droughts from 1960 to 2010. Despite an apparent hiatus in rising temperature and no significant trend in droughts, we show a substantial increase in concurrent droughts and heatwaves across most parts of the United States, and a statistically significant shift in the distribution of concurrent extremes. Although commonly used trend analysis methods do not show any trend in concurrent droughts and heatwaves, a unique statistical approach discussed in this study exhibits a statistically significant change in the distribution of the data.","Mazdiyasni, Omid; AghaKouchak, Amir",10.1073/pnas.1422945112,"September 15, 2015",,37,"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",11484-11489,"Substantial increase in concurrent droughts and heatwaves in the United States",112,2015,20268,38b0ec9f-8c00-428f-9ec9-6214f617515d,"Journal Article",/article/10.1073/pnas.1422945112
/reference/38f2d0cb-3a39-4af2-9777-0072e5d0a30e,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/38f2d0cb-3a39-4af2-9777-0072e5d0a30e,38f2d0cb-3a39-4af2-9777-0072e5d0a30e,,"U.S. Bureau of Reclamation,",,,,,,50,"Reclamation: Managing Water in the West, Climate Change Adaptation Strategy",,2014,23644,38f2d0cb-3a39-4af2-9777-0072e5d0a30e,Report,/report/reclamation-managing-water-west-climate-change-adaptation-strategy
/reference/39a3c52b-f062-44c9-af55-5c028c68f5e6,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/39a3c52b-f062-44c9-af55-5c028c68f5e6,39a3c52b-f062-44c9-af55-5c028c68f5e6,,"Marshall, N. A.",10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2009.10.003,2010/02/01/,0959-3780,1,"Global Environmental Change",36-43,"Understanding social resilience to climate variability in primary enterprises and industries",20,2010,23559,39a3c52b-f062-44c9-af55-5c028c68f5e6,"Journal Article",/article/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2009.10.003
/reference/3a3fae72-1abc-4a9e-a816-02252ac7c6fe,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3a3fae72-1abc-4a9e-a816-02252ac7c6fe,3a3fae72-1abc-4a9e-a816-02252ac7c6fe,,"Novick, Kimberly A.; Ficklin, Darren L.; Stoy, Paul C.; Williams, Christopher A.; Bohrer, Gil; Oishi, A.  Christopher; Papuga, Shirley A.; Blanken, Peter D.; Noormets, Asko; Sulman, Benjamin N.; Scott, Russell L.; Wang, Lixin; Phillips, Richard P.",10.1038/nclimate3114,09/05/online,,,"Nature Climate Change",1023-1027,"The increasing importance of atmospheric demand for ecosystem water and carbon fluxes",6,2016,23563,3a3fae72-1abc-4a9e-a816-02252ac7c6fe,"Journal Article",/article/10.1038/nclimate3114
/reference/3a41269d-cb34-4692-a6b1-deab04236368,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3a41269d-cb34-4692-a6b1-deab04236368,3a41269d-cb34-4692-a6b1-deab04236368,,"Amundson, J. L.; Mader, T. L.; Rasby, R. J.; Hu, Q. S.",10.2527/jas.2005-611,,,12,"Journal of Animal Science",3415-3420,"Environmental effects on pregnancy rate in beef cattle",84,2006,23494,3a41269d-cb34-4692-a6b1-deab04236368,"Journal Article",/article/10.2527/jas.2005-611
/reference/3b5d1cf3-abd2-4e80-aad6-3cafae04d060,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3b5d1cf3-abd2-4e80-aad6-3cafae04d060,3b5d1cf3-abd2-4e80-aad6-3cafae04d060,,"Scasta, John Derek; Lalman, David L.; Henderson, Leticia",10.1016/j.rala.2016.06.006,2016/08/01/,0190-0528,4,Rangelands,204-210,"Drought mitigation for grazing operations: Matching the animal to the environment",38,2016,23576,3b5d1cf3-abd2-4e80-aad6-3cafae04d060,"Journal Article",/article/10.1016/j.rala.2016.06.006
/reference/3b7eff1e-db02-49a9-9afc-75f9161c896a,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3b7eff1e-db02-49a9-9afc-75f9161c896a,3b7eff1e-db02-49a9-9afc-75f9161c896a,"Increasing severity of high temperature worldwide presents an alarming threat to the humankind. As evident by massive yield losses in various food crops, the escalating adverse impacts of heat stress (HS) are putting the global food as well as nutritional security at great risk. Intrinsically, plants respond to high temperature stress by triggering a cascade of events and adapt by switching on numerous stress‐responsive genes. However, the complex and poorly understood mechanism of heat tolerance (HT), limited access to the precise phenotyping techniques, and above all, the substantial G × E effects offer major bottlenecks to the progress of breeding for improving HT. Therefore, focus should be given to assess the crop diversity, and targeting the adaptive/morpho‐physiological traits while making selections. Equally important is the rapid and precise introgression of the HT‐related gene(s)/QTLs to the heat‐susceptible cultivars to recover the genotypes with enhanced HT. Therefore, the progressive tailoring of the heat‐tolerant genotypes demands a rational integration of molecular breeding, functional genomics and transgenic technologies reinforced with the next‐generation phenomics facilities.","Jha, Uday Chand; Bohra, Abhishek; Singh, Narendra Pratap",10.1111/pbr.12217,,,6,"Plant Breeding",679-701,"Heat stress in crop plants: Its nature, impacts and integrated breeding strategies to improve heat tolerance",133,2014,25558,3b7eff1e-db02-49a9-9afc-75f9161c896a,"Journal Article",/article/10.1111/pbr.12217
/reference/3b99e834-0057-481e-a10c-813718fd9ef3,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3b99e834-0057-481e-a10c-813718fd9ef3,3b99e834-0057-481e-a10c-813718fd9ef3,"Changes in several components of the hydrological cycle over the contiguous United States have been documented during the twentieth century: an increase of precipitation, especially heavy and very heavy precipitation, and a significant retreat in spring snow cover extent over western regions during the last few decades. These changes have affected streamflow, including the probability of high flow. In the eastern half of the United States a significant relationship is found between the frequency of heavy precipitation and high streamflow events both annually and during the months of maximum streamflow. Two factors contributed to finding such a relation: 1) the relatively small contribution of snowmelt to heavy runoff in the eastern United States (compared to the west), and 2) the presence of a sufficiently dense network of streamflow and precipitation gauges available for analysis. An increase of spring heavy precipitation events over the eastern United States indicates with high probability that during the twentieth century an increase of high streamflow conditions has also occurred. In the West, a statistically significant reduction of snow cover extent has complicated the relation between heavy precipitation and streamflow. Increases in peak stream flow have not been observed here, despite increases in heavy precipitation events, and less extensive snow cover is the likely cause.","Pavel Ya. Groisman; Richard W. Knight; Thomas R. Karl",10.1175/1520-0477(2001)082<0219:hpahsi>2.3.co;2,,,2,"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society",219-246,"Heavy precipitation and high streamflow in the contiguous United States: Trends in the twentieth century",82,2001,20922,3b99e834-0057-481e-a10c-813718fd9ef3,"Journal Article",/article/10.1175/1520-0477(2001)082%3C0219:hpahsi%3E2.3.co;2
/reference/3bae2310-7572-47e2-99a4-9e4276764934,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3bae2310-7572-47e2-99a4-9e4276764934,3bae2310-7572-47e2-99a4-9e4276764934,,"Sweet, W.V.; R. Horton; R.E. Kopp; A.N. LeGrande; A. Romanou",10.7930/J0VM49F2,,,,,333-363,"Sea Level Rise",,2017,21570,3bae2310-7572-47e2-99a4-9e4276764934,"Book Section",/report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/sea-level-rise
/reference/3baf471f-751f-4d68-9227-4197fdbb6e5d,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3baf471f-751f-4d68-9227-4197fdbb6e5d,3baf471f-751f-4d68-9227-4197fdbb6e5d,,"Walthall, C.; Backlund, P.; Hatfield, J.; Lengnick, L.; Marshall, E.; Walsh, M.; Adkins, S.; Aillery, M.; Ainsworth, E.A.; Amman, C.; Anderson, C.J.; Bartomeus, I.; Baumgard, L.H.; Booker, F.; Bradley, B.; Blumenthal, D.M.; Bunce, J.; Burkey, K.; Dabney, S.M.; Delgado, J.A.; Dukes, J.; Funk, A.; Garrett, K.; Glenn, M.; Grantz, D.A.; Goodrich, D.; Hu, S.; Izaurralde, R.C.; Jones, R.A.C.; Kim, S-H.; Leaky, A.D.B.; Lewers, K.; Mader, T.L.; McClung, A.; Morgan, J.; Muth, D.J.; Nearing, M.; Oosterhuis, D.M.; Ort, D.; Parmesan, C.; Pettigrew, W.T.; Polley, W.; Rader, R.; Rice, C.; Rivington, M.; Rosskopf, E.; Salas, W.A.; Sollenberger, L.E.; Srygley, R.; Stockle, C.; Takle, E.S.; Timlin, D.; White, J.W.; Winfree, R.; Wright-Morton, L.; Ziska, L.H.",,,,,,186,"Climate Change and Agriculture in the United States: Effects and Adaptation",,2012,3329,3baf471f-751f-4d68-9227-4197fdbb6e5d,Report,/report/usda-techbul-1935
/reference/3d19f4a6-97fc-4217-ad50-ac4214e6191a,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3d19f4a6-97fc-4217-ad50-ac4214e6191a,3d19f4a6-97fc-4217-ad50-ac4214e6191a,,"Pelling, Mark",,,,,,,"Adaptation to Climate Change: From Resilience to Transformation",,2010,23634,3d19f4a6-97fc-4217-ad50-ac4214e6191a,Book,/book/adaptation-climate-change-resilience-transformation
/reference/3ee18cc7-c1bc-476a-a4a3-d58a41530ff7,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3ee18cc7-c1bc-476a-a4a3-d58a41530ff7,3ee18cc7-c1bc-476a-a4a3-d58a41530ff7,,"State of California,",,,,,,,"Groundwater Sustainability Plan Emergency Regulations",,2016,23639,3ee18cc7-c1bc-476a-a4a3-d58a41530ff7,"Web Page",/webpage/bf5b20c6-46da-477c-aca9-d0988af3dbf4
/reference/3f57831b-3c94-4ca9-863b-594a81f51b20,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3f57831b-3c94-4ca9-863b-594a81f51b20,3f57831b-3c94-4ca9-863b-594a81f51b20,,"Špitalar, Maruša; Gourley, Jonathan J.; Lutoff, Celine; Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel; Brilly, Mitja; Carr, Nicholas",10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.004,,0022-1694,,"Journal of Hydrology",863-870,"Analysis of flash flood parameters and human impacts in the US from 2006 to 2012",519,2014,17805,3f57831b-3c94-4ca9-863b-594a81f51b20,"Journal Article",/article/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.004
/reference/3f959f26-3b66-4479-a100-1e788a0868b0,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3f959f26-3b66-4479-a100-1e788a0868b0,3f959f26-3b66-4479-a100-1e788a0868b0,,"Blanco-Canqui, Humberto; Shaver, Tim M.; Lindquist, John L.; Shapiro, Charles A.; Elmore, Roger W.; Francis, Charles A.; Hergert, Gary W.",10.2134/agronj15.0086,,,6,"Agronomy Journal",2449-2474,"Cover crops and ecosystem services: Insights from studies in temperate soils",107,2015,23505,3f959f26-3b66-4479-a100-1e788a0868b0,"Journal Article",/article/10.2134/agronj15.0086
/reference/3fad3c04-c072-4c06-a0d8-08d29887cbc2,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3fad3c04-c072-4c06-a0d8-08d29887cbc2,3fad3c04-c072-4c06-a0d8-08d29887cbc2,,"Ruisi, Paolo; Saia, Sergio; Badagliacca, Giuseppe; Amato, Gaetano; Frenda, Alfonso Salvatore; Giambalvo, Dario; Di Miceli, Giuseppe",10.1016/j.fcr.2016.02.009,2016/03/15/,0378-4290,,"Field Crops Research",51-58,"Long-term effects of no tillage treatment on soil N availability, N uptake, and 15N-fertilizer recovery of durum wheat differ in relation to crop sequence",189,2016,25537,3fad3c04-c072-4c06-a0d8-08d29887cbc2,"Journal Article",/article/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.02.009
/reference/3ffa3a19-6cc5-412d-a407-4db20a1d9a22,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3ffa3a19-6cc5-412d-a407-4db20a1d9a22,3ffa3a19-6cc5-412d-a407-4db20a1d9a22,,"Li, Xiaojie; Kang, Shaozhong; Zhang, Xiaotao; Li, Fusheng; Lu, Hongna",10.1016/j.agwat.2017.09.017,2018/01/01/,0378-3774,,"Agricultural Water Management",71-83,"Deficit irrigation provokes more pronounced responses of maize photosynthesis and water productivity to elevated CO2",195,2018,25551,3ffa3a19-6cc5-412d-a407-4db20a1d9a22,"Journal Article",/article/10.1016/j.agwat.2017.09.017
/reference/40fd4927-7950-49c8-b022-31a8fbafa9d4,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/40fd4927-7950-49c8-b022-31a8fbafa9d4,40fd4927-7950-49c8-b022-31a8fbafa9d4,,"TRIP,",,,,,,43,"Rural Connections: Challenges and Opportunities in America's Heartland",,2015,23641,40fd4927-7950-49c8-b022-31a8fbafa9d4,Report,/report/rural-connections-challenges-opportunities-americas-heartland