--- - attrs: Author: 'Sampson, Robert J.' DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1614433114 Issue: 34 Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Keywords: added by ERG Pages: 8957-8962 Title: 'Urban sustainability in an age of enduring inequalities: Advancing theory and ecometrics for the 21st-century city' Volume: 114 Year: 2017 _record_number: 23150 _uuid: 0d9c1352-071a-4794-a468-8e01bf0876f1 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.1614433114 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0d9c1352-071a-4794-a468-8e01bf0876f1.yaml identifier: 0d9c1352-071a-4794-a468-8e01bf0876f1 uri: /reference/0d9c1352-071a-4794-a468-8e01bf0876f1 - attrs: .publisher: 'Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.' .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Zhao, Lei; Lee, Xuhui; Smith, Ronald B.; Oleson, Keith' DOI: 10.1038/nature13462 Date: 07/10/print ISSN: 0028-0836 Issue: 7508 Journal: Nature Pages: 216-219 Title: Strong contributions of local background climate to urban heat islands Volume: 511 Year: 2014 _record_number: 19795 _uuid: 10ee76ca-2db3-429c-baf1-2ff5d1043407 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nature13462 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/10ee76ca-2db3-429c-baf1-2ff5d1043407.yaml identifier: 10ee76ca-2db3-429c-baf1-2ff5d1043407 uri: /reference/10ee76ca-2db3-429c-baf1-2ff5d1043407 - attrs: Author: 'McCarty, Joshua; Kaza, Nikhil' DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.03.008 Date: 2015/07/01/ ISSN: 0169-2046 Journal: Landscape and Urban Planning Keywords: Landscape metrics; Air quality; Urban morphology Pages: 168-179 Title: Urban form and air quality in the United States Volume: 139 Year: 2015 _record_number: 23141 _uuid: 1536895c-080f-4958-9984-8200a89467a3 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.03.008 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1536895c-080f-4958-9984-8200a89467a3.yaml identifier: 1536895c-080f-4958-9984-8200a89467a3 uri: /reference/1536895c-080f-4958-9984-8200a89467a3 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Abstract: "urban\rclimate change\radaptation" Author: 'C40 Cities,; Arup,' Institution: C40 Cities-Arup Partnership Pages: 127 Place Published: 'London, UK' Title: Climate Action in Megacities 3.0 URL: http://www.cam3.c40.org/images/C40ClimateActionInMegacities3.pdf Year: 2015 _record_number: 22695 _uuid: 15c8ad4d-f96a-4bfb-8944-63d220e42f3b reftype: Report child_publication: /report/climate-action-megacities-30 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/15c8ad4d-f96a-4bfb-8944-63d220e42f3b.yaml identifier: 15c8ad4d-f96a-4bfb-8944-63d220e42f3b uri: /reference/15c8ad4d-f96a-4bfb-8944-63d220e42f3b - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: 'U.S. Federal Government,' Keywords: added by ERG Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: 'U.S. Climate Resilience Toolkit: Environment and Natural Resources [web page]' URL: https://toolkit.climate.gov/topics/built-environment/environment-and-natural-resources Year: 2016 _record_number: 23160 _uuid: 16fc0eef-5efa-4b07-bdad-0d60d7b48af6 reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/2a177c51-b456-4067-9eb2-8c2130031cd1 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/16fc0eef-5efa-4b07-bdad-0d60d7b48af6.yaml identifier: 16fc0eef-5efa-4b07-bdad-0d60d7b48af6 uri: /reference/16fc0eef-5efa-4b07-bdad-0d60d7b48af6 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Uejio, C.K.\rWilhelmi, O.V.\rGolden, J.S.\rMills, D.M.\rGulino, S.P.\rSamenow, J.P." DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.12.005 ISSN: 1353-8292 Issue: 2 Journal: Health & Place Pages: 498-507 Title: 'Intra-urban societal vulnerability to extreme heat: The role of heat exposure and the built environment, socioeconomics, and neighborhood stability' Volume: 17 Year: 2011 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL"]' _record_number: 3183 _uuid: 1aca1900-c64c-4624-a696-3aab59ba6673 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.12.005 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1aca1900-c64c-4624-a696-3aab59ba6673.yaml identifier: 1aca1900-c64c-4624-a696-3aab59ba6673 uri: /reference/1aca1900-c64c-4624-a696-3aab59ba6673 - attrs: Abstract: 'Despite the importance of urban trees, their growth reaction to climate change and to the urban heat island effect has not yet been investigated with an international scope. While we are well informed about forest growth under recent conditions, it is unclear if this knowledge can be simply transferred to urban environments. Based on tree ring analyses in ten metropolises worldwide, we show that, in general, urban trees have undergone accelerated growth since the 1960s. In addition, urban trees tend to grow more quickly than their counterparts in the rural surroundings. However, our analysis shows that climate change seems to enhance the growth of rural trees more than that of urban trees. The benefits of growing in an urban environment seem to outweigh known negative effects, however, accelerated growth may also mean more rapid ageing and shortened lifetime. Thus, city planners should adapt to the changed dynamics in order to secure the ecosystem services provided by urban trees.' Author: 'Pretzsch, Hans; Biber, Peter; Uhl, Enno; Dahlhausen, Jens; Schütze, Gerhard; Perkins, Diana; Rötzer, Thomas; Caldentey, Juan; Koike, Takayoshi; Con, Tran van; Chavanne, Aurélia; Toit, Ben du; Foster, Keith; Lefer, Barry' DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14831-w Date: 2017/11/13 ISSN: 2045-2322 Issue: 1 Journal: Scientific Reports Pages: 15403 Title: Climate change accelerates growth of urban trees in metropolises worldwide Volume: 7 Year: 2017 _record_number: 26089 _uuid: 2234e14a-bfd8-428d-9719-863108d36da8 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/s41598-017-14831-w href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2234e14a-bfd8-428d-9719-863108d36da8.yaml identifier: 2234e14a-bfd8-428d-9719-863108d36da8 uri: /reference/2234e14a-bfd8-428d-9719-863108d36da8 - attrs: Abstract: 'Cities concentrate risks and the adverse effects of dense populations, such as outdoor air pollution, chronic disease and the impact of extreme weather events. Governments and planning bodies struggle to heed and apply the abundance of unintegrated research that links aspects of the urban environment with urban residents’ wellbeing. In order to promote human wellbeing in cities, a number of key features of the urban environment should be promoted. The medical science, urban ecology and urban design research already recognises the importance of some aspects, including providing walkable spaces, community space and greenspace. We argue that in practice, the provision of these three features is insufficient for human wellbeing. Emerging research demonstrates the importance of biodiversity and ecosystem functions to wellbeing. This paper outlines the concept of wellbeing and provides a of the three established features of urban environments that enhance residents’ lives: the provision of walkable, community and greenspace. We then outline the importance of two vital but often overlooked links in the discussion of how urban planning contributes to wellbeing: biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Until governments and policies recognise the importance of these two elements, urban design and management for wellbeing is at best simplistic. It is important for biodiversity and ecosystem function to be considered during the design decision process. Urban designers and ecologists should recognise that their work has the potential to contribute to human wellbeing by integrating biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in their research.' Author: 'Taylor, Lucy; Hochuli, Dieter F.' DOI: 10.1007/s11252-014-0427-3 ISSN: 1573-1642 Issue: 3 Journal: Urban Ecosystems Keywords: urban; urban ecosystem; ecosystem services; health Pages: 747-762 Title: 'Creating better cities: How biodiversity and ecosystem functioning enhance urban residents’ wellbeing' Type of Article: journal article Volume: 18 Year: 2015 _record_number: 22855 _uuid: 2aea16d3-6fcf-4d8a-8de8-fe4b316de0b4 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s11252-014-0427-3 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2aea16d3-6fcf-4d8a-8de8-fe4b316de0b4.yaml identifier: 2aea16d3-6fcf-4d8a-8de8-fe4b316de0b4 uri: /reference/2aea16d3-6fcf-4d8a-8de8-fe4b316de0b4 - attrs: Abstract: 'Sponsored by the Committee on Technical Advancement of ASCE Adapting Infrastructure and Civil Engineering Practice to a Changing Climate presents an accurate discussion of the potential significance of climate change to engineering practice. Although considerable evidence indicates that the climate is changing, significant uncertainty exists regarding the location, timing, and magnitude of this change over the lifetime of infrastructure. Practicing engineers are faced with the dilemma of balancing future needs for engineered infrastructure with the risks posed by the effects of climate change on long-term engineering projects. The gap between climate science and engineering practice somehow must be bridged. This report identifies the technical requirements and civil engineering challenges raised by adaptation to a changing climate. Topics include: review of climate science for engineering practice; incorporating climate science into engineering practice; civil engineering sectors that might be affected by climate change; needs for research, development, and demonstration projects; and summary, conclusions, and recommendations. Three appendixes illustrate different engineering approaches to assessing or preparing for climate change. Practitioners, researchers, educators, and students of civil engineering, as well as government officials and allied professionals, will be fascinated by this discussion of the trade-offs between the expenses of increasing system reliability and the potential costs and consequences of failure to future generations.' DOI: 10.1061/9780784479193 Editor: 'Olsen, J. Rolf' ISBN: 978-0-7844-7919-3 Pages: 93 Place Published: 'Reston, VA' Title: Adapting Infrastructure and Civil Engineering Practice to a Changing Climate Year: 2015 _record_number: 24558 _uuid: 31bf15ab-c374-4466-8b4c-894a527813cb reftype: Edited Report child_publication: /report/adapting-infrastructure-civil-engineering-practice-changing-climate href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/31bf15ab-c374-4466-8b4c-894a527813cb.yaml identifier: 31bf15ab-c374-4466-8b4c-894a527813cb uri: /reference/31bf15ab-c374-4466-8b4c-894a527813cb - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Clayton, Susan; Manning, Christie; Krygsman, Kirra; Speiser, Meighen' Institution: American Psychological Association and ecoAmerica Pages: 69 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Title: 'Mental health and our changing climate: Impacts, implications, and guidance' URL: https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2017/03/mental-health-climate.pdf Year: 2017 _record_number: 23204 _uuid: 349d443c-b692-4b9d-8b1b-a22887a292a7 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/mental-health-our-changing-climate-impacts-implications-guidance href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/349d443c-b692-4b9d-8b1b-a22887a292a7.yaml identifier: 349d443c-b692-4b9d-8b1b-a22887a292a7 uri: /reference/349d443c-b692-4b9d-8b1b-a22887a292a7 - attrs: Abstract: 'A growing number of cities are preparing for climate change impacts by developing adaptation plans. However, little is known about how these plans and their implementation affect the vulnerability of the urban poor. We critically assess initiatives in eight cities worldwide and find that land use planning for climate adaptation can exacerbate socio-spatial inequalities across diverse developmental and environmental conditions. We argue that urban adaptation injustices fall into two categories: acts of commission, when interventions negatively affect or displace poor communities, and acts of omission, when they protect and prioritize elite groups at the expense of the urban poor.' Author: 'Anguelovski, Isabelle; Shi, Linda; Chu, Eric; Gallagher, Daniel; Goh, Kian; Lamb, Zachary; Reeve, Kara; Teicher, Hannah' DOI: 10.1177/0739456x16645166 Date: 'September 1, 2016' Issue: 3 Journal: Journal of Planning Education and Research Keywords: climate change; urban; Adaptation; climate justice; Vulnerability Pages: 333-348 Title: 'Equity impacts of urban land use planning for climate adaptation: Critical perspectives from the global north and south' Volume: 36 Year: 2016 _record_number: 22691 _uuid: 3a068e5f-0c2e-4a23-b533-1fc512482ab3 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1177/0739456x16645166 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3a068e5f-0c2e-4a23-b533-1fc512482ab3.yaml identifier: 3a068e5f-0c2e-4a23-b533-1fc512482ab3 uri: /reference/3a068e5f-0c2e-4a23-b533-1fc512482ab3 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Vogel, Jason; Karen M. Carney; Joel B. Smith; Charles Herrick; Missy Stults; Megan O’Grady; Alexis St. Juliana; Heather Hosterman; Lorine Giangola' Institution: Kresge Foundation Keywords: urban; climate change; adaptation Place Published: Detroit Title: Climate Adaptation — The State of Practice in U.S. Communities URL: http://kresge.org/sites/default/files/library/climate-adaptation-the-state-of-practice-in-us-communities-full-report.pdf Year: 2016 _record_number: 22874 _uuid: 3c3cc09b-c2d7-4c52-bf8f-c064efa78e93 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/climate-adaptation-state-practice-us-communities href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3c3cc09b-c2d7-4c52-bf8f-c064efa78e93.yaml identifier: 3c3cc09b-c2d7-4c52-bf8f-c064efa78e93 uri: /reference/3c3cc09b-c2d7-4c52-bf8f-c064efa78e93 - attrs: Author: 'Garuma, Gemechu Fanta; Blanchet, Jean-Pierre; Girard, Éric; Leduc, Martin' DOI: 10.1016/j.uclim.2018.02.003 Date: 2018/06/01/ ISSN: 2212-0955 Journal: Urban Climate Keywords: Urban climate; Urban heat island; Sensible heat; Latent heat; Surface albedo; Urban fraction; Rural fraction Pages: 121-138 Title: Urban surface effects on current and future climate Volume: 24 Year: 2018 _record_number: 25613 _uuid: 3e9b6eba-21a7-474e-9773-190a0ec18257 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.uclim.2018.02.003 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3e9b6eba-21a7-474e-9773-190a0ec18257.yaml identifier: 3e9b6eba-21a7-474e-9773-190a0ec18257 uri: /reference/3e9b6eba-21a7-474e-9773-190a0ec18257 - attrs: Abstract: 'This paper summarizes a strategy for supplying ecosystem services in urban areas through a participatory planning process targeting multifunctional green infrastructure. We draw from the literature on landscape multifunctionality, which has primarily been applied to agricultural settings, and propose opportunities to develop urban green infrastructure that could contribute to the sustainable social and ecological health of the city. Thinking in terms of system resilience, strategies might focus on the potential for green infrastructure to allow for adaptation and even transformation in the face of future challenges such as climate change, food insecurity, and limited resources. Because planning for multiple functions can be difficult when many diverse stakeholders are involved, we explored decision support tools that could be applied to green infrastructure planning in the early stages, to engage the public and encourage action toward implementing a preferred solution. Several specific ecosystem services that could be relevant for evaluating current and future urban green spaces include: plant biodiversity, food production, microclimate control, soil infiltration, carbon sequestration, visual quality, recreation, and social capital. Integrating such ecosystem services into small-scale greening projects could allow for creativity and local empowerment that would inspire broader transformation of green infrastructure at the city level. Those cities committing to such an approach by supporting greening projects are likely to benefit in the long run through the value of ecosystem services for urban residents and the broader public.' Author: 'Lovell, Sarah Taylor; Taylor, John R.' DOI: 10.1007/s10980-013-9912-y Date: October 01 ISSN: 1572-9761 Issue: 8 Journal: Landscape Ecology Pages: 1447-1463 Title: Supplying urban ecosystem services through multifunctional green infrastructure in the United States Type of Article: journal article Volume: 28 Year: 2013 _record_number: 23117 _uuid: 3ea90c21-a2ee-4ca3-8b36-0e2296641ee5 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10980-013-9912-y href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3ea90c21-a2ee-4ca3-8b36-0e2296641ee5.yaml identifier: 3ea90c21-a2ee-4ca3-8b36-0e2296641ee5 uri: /reference/3ea90c21-a2ee-4ca3-8b36-0e2296641ee5 - attrs: Author: 'Nowak, D.J.; Greenfield, E.J.' DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2011.11.005 Issue: 1 Journal: Urban Forestry & Urban Greening Keywords: added by ERG Pages: 21-30 Title: Tree and impervious cover change in US cities Volume: 11 Year: 2012 _record_number: 23125 _uuid: 477c6e61-7962-4e01-9feb-e6f0f41f0d7e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.ufug.2011.11.005 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/477c6e61-7962-4e01-9feb-e6f0f41f0d7e.yaml identifier: 477c6e61-7962-4e01-9feb-e6f0f41f0d7e uri: /reference/477c6e61-7962-4e01-9feb-e6f0f41f0d7e - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Markham, Adam; Osipova, Elena; Lafrenz Samuels, Kathryn; Caldas, Astrid' Institution: UNESCO and UNEP Keywords: added by ERG Notes: "ISBN UNEP: 978-92-807-3573-4\rISBN UNESCO: 978-92-3-100152-9" Pages: 104 Place Published: 'Nairobi, Kenya; Paris, France' Title: World Heritage and Tourism in a Changing Climate URL: http://whc.unesco.org/en/activities/883/ Year: 2016 _record_number: 23174 _uuid: 54a0cbcb-449e-4a93-b84d-5a135504dc2d reftype: Report child_publication: /report/world-heritage-tourism-changing-climate href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/54a0cbcb-449e-4a93-b84d-5a135504dc2d.yaml identifier: 54a0cbcb-449e-4a93-b84d-5a135504dc2d uri: /reference/54a0cbcb-449e-4a93-b84d-5a135504dc2d - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Torres, Daniela; Maletjane, Motsomi' Institution: 'International Telecommunication Union (ITU), Focus Group on Smart Sustainable Cities – Working Group 2' Pages: 33 Title: Information and communication technologies for climate change adaptation in cities URL: https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/focusgroups/ssc/Documents/website/web-fg-ssc-0107-r7-ICTs-for-climate-change-adaptation.docx Year: 2015 _record_number: 25638 _uuid: 57e3e16c-6b52-436a-ab26-3a19947f8dff reftype: Report child_publication: /report/information-communication-technologies-climate-change-adaptation-cities href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/57e3e16c-6b52-436a-ab26-3a19947f8dff.yaml identifier: 57e3e16c-6b52-436a-ab26-3a19947f8dff uri: /reference/57e3e16c-6b52-436a-ab26-3a19947f8dff - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: "Cutter, Susan L.\rSolecki, William\rBragado, Nancy\rCarmin, JoAnn\rFragkias, Michail\rRuth, Matthias\rWilbanks, Thomas" Book Title: 'Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment' DOI: 10.7930/J0F769GR Editor: 'Melillo, Jerry M.; Richmond, Terese (T.C.); Yohe, Gary W.' Pages: 282-296 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Reviewer: 5a79e12b-b65c-40ef-8f80-7bcb04d57a1d Title: 'Ch. 11: Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability' URL: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/sectors/urban Year: 2014 _chapter: '["Ch. 0: About this Report FINAL"]' _record_number: 4722 _uuid: 5a79e12b-b65c-40ef-8f80-7bcb04d57a1d reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/nca3/chapter/urban-systems-infrastructure-vulnerability href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/5a79e12b-b65c-40ef-8f80-7bcb04d57a1d.yaml identifier: 5a79e12b-b65c-40ef-8f80-7bcb04d57a1d uri: /reference/5a79e12b-b65c-40ef-8f80-7bcb04d57a1d - attrs: Abstract: 'We present a hedonic framework to estimate US households’ preferences over local climates, using detailed weather and 2000 Census data. We find that Americans favor a daily average temperature of 65 degrees Fahrenheit, that they will pay more on the margin to avoid excess heat than cold, and that damages increase less than linearly over extreme cold. These preferences vary by location due to sorting or adaptation. Changes in climate amenities under business-as-usual predictions imply annual welfare losses of 1%–4% of income by 2100, holding technology and preferences constant.' Author: 'Albouy, David; Walter Graf; Ryan Kellogg; Hendrik Wolff' DOI: 10.1086/684573 Issue: 1 Journal: Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists Keywords: 'H49,I39,Q54,R10' Pages: 205-246 Title: 'Climate amenities, climate change, and American quality of life' Volume: 3 Year: 2016 _record_number: 21320 _uuid: 5b7e5de3-722a-4010-8d86-44e9722e3da9 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1086/684573 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/5b7e5de3-722a-4010-8d86-44e9722e3da9.yaml identifier: 5b7e5de3-722a-4010-8d86-44e9722e3da9 uri: /reference/5b7e5de3-722a-4010-8d86-44e9722e3da9 - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: 'Americans for the Arts,' Place Published: 'New York, NY' Publisher: Americans for the Arts Title: 'Arts and Economic Prosperity 5: Economic Impact of the Nonprofit Arts & Culture Industry' URL: https://www.americansforthearts.org/by-program/reports-and-data/research-studies-publications/arts-economic-prosperity-5 Year: 2017 _record_number: 23201 _uuid: 5d6b00dd-dfee-4b0a-a11a-ab6ec4a6724d reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/3c065369-0068-4a72-b651-6670e2456bd2 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/5d6b00dd-dfee-4b0a-a11a-ab6ec4a6724d.yaml identifier: 5d6b00dd-dfee-4b0a-a11a-ab6ec4a6724d uri: /reference/5d6b00dd-dfee-4b0a-a11a-ab6ec4a6724d - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Baldwin, Cathy; King, Robin' Institution: Oxford Brookes University Keywords: added by ERG Pages: 103 Place Published: 'Oxford, UK' Title: 'What About the People? The Socially Sustainable, Resilient Community and Urban Development' URL: http://be.brookes.ac.uk/research/iag/resources/what-about-the-people.pdf Year: 2017 _record_number: 23168 _uuid: 65e94984-6669-49e8-a41e-aff0cbdae813 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/what-about-people-socially-sustainable-resilient-community-urban-development href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/65e94984-6669-49e8-a41e-aff0cbdae813.yaml identifier: 65e94984-6669-49e8-a41e-aff0cbdae813 uri: /reference/65e94984-6669-49e8-a41e-aff0cbdae813 - attrs: Abstract: 'Objective To provide a richer understanding of food access and purchasing practices among US urban food desert residents and their association with diet and BMI. Design Data on food purchasing practices, dietary intake, height and weight from the primary food shopper in randomly selected households (n 1372) were collected. Audits of all neighbourhood food stores (n 24) and the most-frequented stores outside the neighbourhood (n 16) were conducted. Aspects of food access and purchasing practices and relationships among them were examined and tests of their associations with dietary quality and BMI were conducted. Setting Two low-income, predominantly African-American neighbourhoods with limited access to healthy food in Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Subjects Household food shoppers. Results Only one neighbourhood outlet sold fresh produce; nearly all respondents did major food shopping outside the neighbourhood. Although the nearest full-service supermarket was an average of 2·6 km from their home, respondents shopped an average of 6·0 km from home. The average trip was by car, took approximately 2 h for the round trip, and occurred two to four times per month. Respondents spent approximately $US 37 per person per week on food. Those who made longer trips had access to cars, shopped less often and spent less money per person. Those who travelled further when they shopped had higher BMI, but most residents already shopped where healthy foods were available, and physical distance from full-service supermarkets was unrelated to weight or dietary quality. Conclusions Improved access to healthy foods is the target of current policies meant to improve health. However, distance to the closest supermarket might not be as important as previously thought, and thus policy and interventions that focus merely on improving access may not be effective.' Author: 'Dubowitz, Tamara; Zenk, Shannon N.; Ghosh-Dastidar, Bonnie; Cohen, Deborah A.; Beckman, Robin; Hunter, Gerald; Steiner, Elizabeth D.; Collins, Rebecca L.' DOI: 10.1017/S1368980014002742 Database Provider: Cambridge University Press EPub Date: 12/05 ISSN: 1368-9800 Issue: 12 Journal: Public Health Nutrition Keywords: Food desert; Food purchasing practices; Dietary quality; BMI Name of Database: Cambridge Core Pages: 2220-2230 Publisher: Cambridge University Press Title: 'Healthy food access for urban food desert residents: Examination of the food environment, food purchasing practices, diet and BMI' Volume: 18 Year: 2015 _record_number: 23017 _uuid: 68f6abb6-10f5-4d3d-9201-e11a1aecc5c9 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1017/S1368980014002742 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/68f6abb6-10f5-4d3d-9201-e11a1aecc5c9.yaml identifier: 68f6abb6-10f5-4d3d-9201-e11a1aecc5c9 uri: /reference/68f6abb6-10f5-4d3d-9201-e11a1aecc5c9 - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: 'USDA ERS,' Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: 'USDA, Economic Research Service (ERS)' Title: Rural Employment and Unemployment URL: https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/rural-economy-population/employment-education/rural-employment-and-unemployment/ Year: 2017 _record_number: 23178 _uuid: 6b1c3841-ec69-422b-904f-3bf05bff06e1 reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/c4be29cc-cc9d-4a3d-86d9-90741b4c629c href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/6b1c3841-ec69-422b-904f-3bf05bff06e1.yaml identifier: 6b1c3841-ec69-422b-904f-3bf05bff06e1 uri: /reference/6b1c3841-ec69-422b-904f-3bf05bff06e1 - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: 'IBM,' Keywords: added by ERG Publisher: IBM Title: 'Smarter Cities Challenge: The Challenge' URL: https://www.smartercitieschallenge.org/about Year: 2017 _record_number: 23106 _uuid: 79161ff1-6099-4c09-a5a6-e0a5a8b0c441 reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/1e75f186-1921-45ba-918d-09ce6014c09d href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/79161ff1-6099-4c09-a5a6-e0a5a8b0c441.yaml identifier: 79161ff1-6099-4c09-a5a6-e0a5a8b0c441 uri: /reference/79161ff1-6099-4c09-a5a6-e0a5a8b0c441 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Szlavecz, K ; Warren, P.S.; Pickett, S.T.A.' Book Title: 'The Human Population: Its Influence on Biological Diversity' Editor: 'Cincotta, R.P.; Gorenflo, L.J.' Keywords: urban; urban ecosystem; ecosystem services Pages: 75-98 Place Published: Berlin Publisher: Springer-Verlag Title: Biodiversity in the urban landscape Year: 2011 _record_number: 22854 _uuid: 7c940ebf-7e86-4421-b752-44af87504e32 reftype: Book Section child_publication: /book/f70a6223-4cf9-4eea-9db4-1a2fce7fef49 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7c940ebf-7e86-4421-b752-44af87504e32.yaml identifier: 7c940ebf-7e86-4421-b752-44af87504e32 uri: /reference/7c940ebf-7e86-4421-b752-44af87504e32 - attrs: Abstract: Wildfire is a particular concern in the wildland–urban interface (WUI) of the western United States where human development occurs close to flammable natural vegetation. Author: 'Liu, Zhihua; Wimberly, Michael C.; Lamsal, Aashis; Sohl, Terry L.; Hawbaker, Todd J.' DOI: 10.1007/s10980-015-0222-4 Date: December 01 ISSN: 1572-9761 Issue: 10 Journal: Landscape Ecology Pages: 1943-1957 Title: 'Climate change and wildfire risk in an expanding wildland–urban interface: A case study from the Colorado Front Range Corridor' Type of Article: journal article Volume: 30 Year: 2015 _record_number: 21979 _uuid: 7ef4f167-6123-4660-8d23-e50f7fa99dbc reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10980-015-0222-4 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7ef4f167-6123-4660-8d23-e50f7fa99dbc.yaml identifier: 7ef4f167-6123-4660-8d23-e50f7fa99dbc uri: /reference/7ef4f167-6123-4660-8d23-e50f7fa99dbc - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Rockman, Marcy; Morgan, Marissa; Ziaja, Sonya; Hambrecht, George; Meadow, Alison' Institution: 'Cultural Resources, Partnerships, and Science and Climate Change Response Program, National Park Service' Keywords: Climate change; Cultural Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Title: Cultural Resources Climate Change Strategy URL: https://www.nps.gov/subjects/climatechange/upload/NPS-2016_Cultural-Resoures-Climate-Change-Strategy.pdf Year: 2016 _record_number: 22827 _uuid: 83f70578-19a7-4a1c-a2af-92f1c28f5740 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/cultural-resources-climate-change-strategy href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/83f70578-19a7-4a1c-a2af-92f1c28f5740.yaml identifier: 83f70578-19a7-4a1c-a2af-92f1c28f5740 uri: /reference/83f70578-19a7-4a1c-a2af-92f1c28f5740 - attrs: Abstract: 'Zika and chikungunya viruses are transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, including Ae. albopictus, which is abundant in many temperate cities. While disease risk is lower in temperate regions where viral amplification cannot build across years, there is significant potential for localized disease outbreaks in urban populations. We use a model informed by field data to assess the conditions likely to facilitate local transmission of virus from an infected traveler to Ae. albopictus and then to other humans in USA cities with variable human densities and seasonality. The model demonstrates that up to 50% of infectious travelers returning to the U.S. could initiate local transmission in temperate cities if are infectious and are exposed to high mosquito densities. This work highlights the need for high-resolution spatial data on Ae. albopictus density, biting behavior, and seasonality to better understand, predict and manage arboviral transmission risk in temperate cities.' Author: 'Manore, Carrie A.; Ostfeld, Richard S.; Agusto, Folashade B.; Gaff, Holly; LaDeau, Shannon L.' DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005255 Issue: 1 Journal: PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases Pages: e0005255 Publisher: Public Library of Science Title: Defining the risk of zika and chikungunya virus transmission in human population centers of the eastern United States Volume: 11 Year: 2017 _record_number: 25619 _uuid: 87664884-f938-4d71-82a3-e918a98673e2 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005255 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/87664884-f938-4d71-82a3-e918a98673e2.yaml identifier: 87664884-f938-4d71-82a3-e918a98673e2 uri: /reference/87664884-f938-4d71-82a3-e918a98673e2 - attrs: Abstract: "The 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris (COP21) highlighted the importance of cities to climate action, as well as the unjust burdens borne by the world's most disadvantaged peoples in addressing climate impacts. Few studies have documented the barriers to redressing the drivers of social vulnerability as part of urban local climate change adaptation efforts, or evaluated how emerging adaptation plans impact marginalized groups. Here, we present a roadmap to reorient research on the social dimensions of urban climate adaptation around four issues of equity and justice: (1) broadening participation in adaptation planning; (2) expanding adaptation to rapidly growing cities and those with low financial or institutional capacity; (3) adopting a multilevel and multi-scalar approach to adaptation planning; and (4) integrating justice into infrastructure and urban design processes. Responding to these empirical and theoretical research needs is the first step towards identifying pathways to more transformative adaptation policies." Author: 'Shi, L. D.; Chu, E.; Anguelovski, I.; Aylett, A.; Debats, J.; Goh, K.; Schenk, T.; Seto, K. C.; Dodman, D.; Roberts, D.; Roberts, J. T.; VanDeveer, S. D.' DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2841 Date: Feb ISSN: 1758-678X Issue: 2 Journal: Nature Climate Change Keywords: Urban; Adaptation; Climate justice Pages: 131-137 Title: Roadmap towards justice in urban climate adaptation research Volume: 6 Year: 2016 _record_number: 22846 _uuid: 8a4248ca-3d8c-4bdb-a28d-292a149733ba reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nclimate2841 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8a4248ca-3d8c-4bdb-a28d-292a149733ba.yaml identifier: 8a4248ca-3d8c-4bdb-a28d-292a149733ba uri: /reference/8a4248ca-3d8c-4bdb-a28d-292a149733ba - attrs: Abstract: 'Climate extremes have profound implications for urban infrastructure and human society, but studies of observed changes in climate extremes over the global urban areas are few, even though more than half of the global population now resides in urban areas. Here, using observed station data for 217 urban areas across the globe, we show that these urban areas have experienced significant increases ( p -value <0.05) in the number of heat waves during the period 1973–2012, while the frequency of cold waves has declined. Almost half of the urban areas experienced significant increases in the number of extreme hot days, while almost 2/3 showed significant increases in the frequency of extreme hot nights. Extreme windy days declined substantially during the last four decades with statistically significant declines in about 60% in the urban areas. Significant increases ( p -value <0.05) in the frequency of daily precipitation extremes and in annual maximum precipitation occurred at smaller fractions (17 and 10% respectively) of the total urban areas, with about half as many urban areas showing statistically significant downtrends as uptrends. Changes in temperature and wind extremes, estimated as the result of a 40 year linear trend, differed for urban and non-urban pairs, while changes in indices of extreme precipitation showed no clear differentiation for urban and selected non-urban stations.' Author: 'Mishra, Vimal; Auroop R. Ganguly; Bart Nijssen; Dennis P. Lettenmaier' DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/10/2/024005 ISSN: 1748-9326 Issue: 2 Journal: Environmental Research Letters Pages: 024005 Title: Changes in observed climate extremes in global urban areas Volume: 10 Year: 2015 _record_number: 23176 _uuid: 8be634e3-a62f-44d2-9cde-dd7010cdad04 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1088/1748-9326/10/2/024005 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8be634e3-a62f-44d2-9cde-dd7010cdad04.yaml identifier: 8be634e3-a62f-44d2-9cde-dd7010cdad04 uri: /reference/8be634e3-a62f-44d2-9cde-dd7010cdad04 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE),' Institution: American Society of Civil Engineers Pages: 110 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Title: '2017 Infrastructure Report Card: A Comprehensive Assessment of America’s Infrastructure' URL: https://www.infrastructurereportcard.org/ Year: 2017 _record_number: 25600 _uuid: 9115ee8c-84a2-43a3-96dc-09b6fcacc03f reftype: Report child_publication: /report/2017-infrastructure-report-card-comprehensive-assessment-americas-infrastructure href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9115ee8c-84a2-43a3-96dc-09b6fcacc03f.yaml identifier: 9115ee8c-84a2-43a3-96dc-09b6fcacc03f uri: /reference/9115ee8c-84a2-43a3-96dc-09b6fcacc03f - attrs: Abstract: 'We examined landscape exposure to wildfire potential, insects and disease risk, and urban and exurban development for the conterminous US (CONUS). Our analysis relied on spatial data used by federal agencies to evaluate these stressors nationally. We combined stressor data with a climate change exposure metric to identify when temperature is likely to depart from historical conditions and become "unprecedented." We used a neighborhood analysis procedure based on key stressor thresholds within a geographic information system to examine the extent of landscape exposure to our set of individual and coinciding stressors. Our focus is on identifying large contiguous areas of stress exposure which would be of national concern to identify potential locations most vulnerable to resulting ecological and social disruption. The arrival of record-setting temperatures may be both rapid and widespread within the CONUS under RCP8.5. By 2060, 91 % of the CONUS could depart from the climate of the last century. While much of the CONUS may be impacted by at least one of the landscape stressors we examined, multiple coinciding stressors occurred for less than 9 % of the CONUS. The two most prevalent coinciding stressors were (1) wildfire potential combined with insects and disease risk, and (2) climate departure combined with urban and exurban development. Combined exposure to three or more stressors was rare, but we did identify several localized high-population areas that may be vulnerable to future change. Additional assessment and research for these areas may provide early and proactive approaches to mitigating multiple stressor exposure.' Author: 'Kerns, B. K.; Kim, J. B.; Kline, J. D.; Day, M. A.' DOI: 10.1007/s10113-016-0934-2 Date: Oct ISSN: 1436-3798 Issue: 7 Journal: Regional Environmental Change Keywords: Urban; climate change; urbanization; Projection Pages: 2129-2140 Title: US exposure to multiple landscape stressors and climate change Volume: 16 Year: 2016 _record_number: 22764 _uuid: 95598d88-7aeb-43df-9e75-22aaed95747b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10113-016-0934-2 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/95598d88-7aeb-43df-9e75-22aaed95747b.yaml identifier: 95598d88-7aeb-43df-9e75-22aaed95747b uri: /reference/95598d88-7aeb-43df-9e75-22aaed95747b - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: 'U.S. Census Bureau,' Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: U.S. Census Bureau Title: 'Measuring America: Our Changing Landscape [Infographic]' URL: https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/visualizations/2016/comm/acs-rural-urban.pdf Year: 2016 _record_number: 23056 _uuid: 96fca595-cfc0-4364-b138-51bd2cceb1b3 reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/90baa9e3-e783-4ae1-807f-a438d8ab5b21 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/96fca595-cfc0-4364-b138-51bd2cceb1b3.yaml identifier: 96fca595-cfc0-4364-b138-51bd2cceb1b3 uri: /reference/96fca595-cfc0-4364-b138-51bd2cceb1b3 - attrs: Author: 'Stanke, Carla; Kerac, Marko; Prudhomme, Christel; Medlock, Jolyon; Murray, Virginia' DOI: 10.1371/currents.dis.7a2cee9e980f91ad7697b570bcc4b004 Journal: 'PLoS Currents: Disasters' Keywords: added by ERG Notes: 2013 Jun 5 . Edition 1. (In PLOS citation) Title: 'Health effects of drought: A systematic review of the evidence' Year: 2013 _record_number: 23016 _uuid: 97e24319-c8e0-4103-a191-7b8a4047297a reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1371/currents.dis.7a2cee9e980f91ad7697b570bcc4b004 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/97e24319-c8e0-4103-a191-7b8a4047297a.yaml identifier: 97e24319-c8e0-4103-a191-7b8a4047297a uri: /reference/97e24319-c8e0-4103-a191-7b8a4047297a - attrs: Author: "Sheehan, William J.; Rangsithienchai, Pitud A. ; Wood, Robert A.; Rivard, Don; Chinratanapisit, Sasawan\rPerzanowski, Matthew S. ; Chew, Ginger L.; Seltzer, James M.; Matsui, Elizbeth C.; Phipatanakul, Wanda" DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.01.023 Issue: 3 Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Keywords: added by ERG Pages: 575-581 Title: 'Pest and allergen exposure and abatement in inner-city asthma: A Work Group Report of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Indoor Allergy/Air Pollution Committee' Volume: 125 Year: 2010 _record_number: 23073 _uuid: 9f17954f-4786-482f-a8c9-1895709bd7a8 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.jaci.2010.01.023 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9f17954f-4786-482f-a8c9-1895709bd7a8.yaml identifier: 9f17954f-4786-482f-a8c9-1895709bd7a8 uri: /reference/9f17954f-4786-482f-a8c9-1895709bd7a8 - attrs: Abstract: 'Mosquito-vectored pathogens are responsible for devastating human diseases and are (re)emerging in many urban environments. Effective mosquito control in urban landscapes relies on improved understanding of the complex interactions between the ecological and social factors that define where mosquito populations can grow. We compared the density of mosquito habitat and pupae production across economically varying neighborhoods in two temperate U.S. cities (Baltimore, MD and Washington, DC). Seven species of mosquito larvae were recorded. The invasive Aedes albopictus was the only species found in all neighborhoods. Culex pipiens, a primary vector of West Nile virus (WNV), was most abundant in Baltimore, which also had more tire habitats. Both Culex and Aedes pupae were more likely to be sampled in neighborhoods categorized as being below median income level in each city and Aedes pupae density was also greater in container habitats found in these lower income neighborhoods. We infer that lower income residents may experience greater exposure to potential disease vectors and Baltimore residents specifically, were at greater risk of exposure to the predominant WNV vector. However, we also found that resident-reported mosquito nuisance was not correlated with our measured risk index, indicating a potentially important mismatch between motivation needed to engage participation in control efforts and the relative importance of control among neighborhoods.' Author: 'LaDeau, Shannon L.; Leisnham, Paul T.; Biehler, Dawn; Bodner, Danielle' DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10041505 Date: "04/12\r02/08/received\r03/20/revised\r04/03/accepted" ISSN: "1661-7827\r1660-4601" Issue: 4 Journal: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Name of Database: PMC Notes: "ijerph-10-01505[PII]\r23583963[pmid]\rInt J Environ Res Public Health" Pages: 1505-1526 Publisher: MDPI Title: 'Higher mosquito production in low-income neighborhoods of Baltimore and Washington, DC: Understanding ecological drivers and mosquito-borne disease risk in temperate cities' Volume: 10 Year: 2013 _record_number: 23022 _uuid: a031b362-5967-4b59-8b70-c09a4355716f reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3390/ijerph10041505 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/a031b362-5967-4b59-8b70-c09a4355716f.yaml identifier: a031b362-5967-4b59-8b70-c09a4355716f uri: /reference/a031b362-5967-4b59-8b70-c09a4355716f - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Ranson, Matthew; Tarquinio, Tina; Lew, Audrey' Institution: 'National Center for Environmental Economics (NCEE), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency' Keywords: added by ERG Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Series Title: NCEE Working Paper Series Title: Modeling the Impact of Climate Change on Extreme Weather Losses Year: 2016 _record_number: 23064 _uuid: a72701dd-9c86-40c3-bf56-5b75c25f4d0f reftype: Report child_publication: /report/modeling-impact-climate-change-on-extreme-weather-losses href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/a72701dd-9c86-40c3-bf56-5b75c25f4d0f.yaml identifier: a72701dd-9c86-40c3-bf56-5b75c25f4d0f uri: /reference/a72701dd-9c86-40c3-bf56-5b75c25f4d0f - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: 'Merritt, Elizabeth' Keywords: added by ERG Place Published: 'Arlington, VA' Publisher: Center for the Future of Museums Title: 'A Rising Tide: The Changing Landscape of Risk' URL: http://futureofmuseums.blogspot.com/2012/05/rising-tide-changing-landscape-of-risk.html Year: 2012 _record_number: 23094 _uuid: a9d3f75d-31a9-4b7b-b986-df4d46945cd5 reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/f602c0fd-5184-4241-9cf3-68296c539d86 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/a9d3f75d-31a9-4b7b-b986-df4d46945cd5.yaml identifier: a9d3f75d-31a9-4b7b-b986-df4d46945cd5 uri: /reference/a9d3f75d-31a9-4b7b-b986-df4d46945cd5 - attrs: Author: 'Jennings, Viniece; Johnson Gaither, Cassandra' DOI: 10.5558/tfc2015-067 Issue: 04 Journal: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Pages: 376-383 Title: 'Approaching environmental health disparities and green spaces: An ecosystem services perspective' Volume: 91 Year: 2015 _record_number: 22906 _uuid: b4bad932-3201-4c5e-b52f-22556f558f85 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.5558/tfc2015-067 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b4bad932-3201-4c5e-b52f-22556f558f85.yaml identifier: b4bad932-3201-4c5e-b52f-22556f558f85 uri: /reference/b4bad932-3201-4c5e-b52f-22556f558f85 - attrs: Author: 'McCormick, Kes; Anderberg, Stefan; Coenen, Lars; Neij, Lena' DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.01.003 Date: 2013/07/01/ ISSN: 0959-6526 Journal: Journal of Cleaner Production Keywords: Sustainable urban transformation; Sustainable urban development; Climate change; Sustainable development; Governance; Planning; Transformative change Pages: 1-11 Title: Advancing sustainable urban transformation Volume: 50 Year: 2013 _record_number: 22896 _uuid: ba5cb012-f7fc-420f-924c-be2c0276aa86 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.01.003 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ba5cb012-f7fc-420f-924c-be2c0276aa86.yaml identifier: ba5cb012-f7fc-420f-924c-be2c0276aa86 uri: /reference/ba5cb012-f7fc-420f-924c-be2c0276aa86 - attrs: Author: "Groffman, Peter M.; Cavender-Bares, Jeannine; Bettez, Neil D.; Grove, J. Morgan; Hall, Sharon J.; Heffernan, James B.; Hobbie, Sarah E.; Larson, Kelli L.; Morse, Jennifer L.; Neill, Christopher; Nelson, Kristen; O'Neil-Dunne, Jarlath; Ogden, Laura; Pataki, Diane E.; Polsky, Colin; Chowdhury, Rinku Roy; Steele, Meredith K." DOI: 10.1890/120374 ISSN: 1540-9309 Issue: 1 Journal: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment Pages: 74-81 Publisher: Ecological Society of America Title: Ecological homogenization of urban USA Volume: 12 Year: 2014 _record_number: 22988 _uuid: bc3ad363-5a7c-4b6a-9ab9-c8f3477f416c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1890/120374 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/bc3ad363-5a7c-4b6a-9ab9-c8f3477f416c.yaml identifier: bc3ad363-5a7c-4b6a-9ab9-c8f3477f416c uri: /reference/bc3ad363-5a7c-4b6a-9ab9-c8f3477f416c - attrs: .reference_type: 47 Author: 'Johnston, M.' Conference Location: 'Kelowna, B.C.' Conference Name: 'Fires, Storms and Pests--Crises in Our Urban Forests (6th Canadian Urban Forest Conference)' Date: Oct 20-21 Keywords: added by ERG Pages: 14 Publisher: Saskatchewan Research Council Session: '#1: Responding to Fies and Storms' Title: Impacts and adaptation for climate change in urban forests URL: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.388.6766&rep=rep1&type=pdf Year: 2004 _record_number: 23031 _uuid: bcf8379c-fedb-443a-a971-16fe922a3a27 reftype: Conference Paper child_publication: /generic/7b61367b-dccb-4e5f-a134-1d6ebb64ec91 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/bcf8379c-fedb-443a-a971-16fe922a3a27.yaml identifier: bcf8379c-fedb-443a-a971-16fe922a3a27 uri: /reference/bcf8379c-fedb-443a-a971-16fe922a3a27 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Eddins, Quinn W.' Date: 'October 22, 2015' Institution: CBRE Research Place Published: 'Los Angeles, CA' Title: 'Also modified title: Rising Vulnerability to Floods Risks Devastating Property Losses in U.S. Cities' URL: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/rising-vulnerability-floods-risks-devastating-property-quinn-eddins Year: 2015 _record_number: 23195 _uuid: bf972224-c8ca-4c0b-82f0-ebb735ba04ce reftype: Report child_publication: /report/about-real-estate-rising-vulnerability-floods-risks-devastating-property-losses-us-cities-october-22-2015 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/bf972224-c8ca-4c0b-82f0-ebb735ba04ce.yaml identifier: bf972224-c8ca-4c0b-82f0-ebb735ba04ce uri: /reference/bf972224-c8ca-4c0b-82f0-ebb735ba04ce - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: "Mayors' Climate Protection Center," Institution: The United States Conference of Mayors Pages: 42 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Title: "U.S. Mayors' Report on a Decade of Global Climate Leadership: Selected Mayor Profiles" URL: http://www.usmayors.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/1205-report-climateaction.pdf Year: 2015 _record_number: 25655 _uuid: c1323a14-9ac9-4070-a83f-91dd1dea9cb1 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/us-mayors-report-on-decade-global-climate-leadership-selected-mayor-profiles href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c1323a14-9ac9-4070-a83f-91dd1dea9cb1.yaml identifier: c1323a14-9ac9-4070-a83f-91dd1dea9cb1 uri: /reference/c1323a14-9ac9-4070-a83f-91dd1dea9cb1 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Newport Restoration Foundation,' Pages: 39 Place Published: 'Newport, RI' Title: 'Keeping 74 Bridge Street Above Water: Lessons from the City of Newport and the Point Neighborhood on Protecting Historic Structures and Neighborhoods from the Impacts of Climate Change [exhibition booklet]' URL: http://historyabovewater.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/74-Bridge-Case-Study-Booklet.pdf Year: 2016 _record_number: 25650 _uuid: c83c98ff-ea0e-47c9-9e83-55261c8ca24f reftype: Report child_publication: /report/keeping-74-bridge-street-above-water-lessons-city-newport-point-neighborhood-on-protecting-historic-structures-neighborhoods-impacts-climate-change-exhibition-booklet href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c83c98ff-ea0e-47c9-9e83-55261c8ca24f.yaml identifier: c83c98ff-ea0e-47c9-9e83-55261c8ca24f uri: /reference/c83c98ff-ea0e-47c9-9e83-55261c8ca24f - attrs: Abstract: 'Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) cause many diseases worldwide and their transmission is likely to change with land use and climate changes. La Crosse virus (LACV) is historically transmitted by the native mosquito Aedes triseriatus (Say) in the upper Midwestern US, but the invasive congeners Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and A. japonicus (Theobald), which co-occur with A. triseriatus in water-holding containers, may be important accessory vectors in the Appalachian region where La Crosse encephalitis is an emerging disease. This review focuses on evidence for how climate, land use, and biological invasions may have direct abiotic and indirect community-level impacts on immature developmental stages (eggs and larvae) of Aedes mosquitoes. Because vector-borne diseases usually vary in space and time and are related to the ecology of the vector species, we propose that the ecology of its mosquito vectors, particularly at their immature stages, has played an important role in the emergence of La Crosse encephalitis in the Appalachian region and represents a model for investigating the effects of environmental changes on other vector-borne diseases. We summarize the health effects of LACV and associated socioeconomic costs that make it the most important native mosquito-borne disease in the US. We review of the transmission of LACV, and present evidence for the impacts of climate, land use, and biological invasions on Aedes mosquito communities. Finally, we discuss important questions about the ecology of LACV mosquito vectors that may improve our understanding of the impacts of environmental changes on LACV and other arboviruses.' Author: 'Leisnham, Paul T.; Juliano, Steven A.' DOI: 10.1007/s10393-012-0773-7 Date: June 01 ISSN: 1612-9210 Issue: 2 Journal: EcoHealth Pages: 217-228 Title: 'Impacts of climate, land use, and biological invasion on the ecology of immature Aedes mosquitoes: Implications for La Crosse emergence' Type of Article: journal article Volume: 9 Year: 2012 _record_number: 23033 _uuid: c8a2bcc1-87dc-4937-97fd-557f09dd82a0 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10393-012-0773-7 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c8a2bcc1-87dc-4937-97fd-557f09dd82a0.yaml identifier: c8a2bcc1-87dc-4937-97fd-557f09dd82a0 uri: /reference/c8a2bcc1-87dc-4937-97fd-557f09dd82a0 - attrs: Author: 'Pavao-Zuckerman, Mitchell A.' DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2008.00486.x Journal: Restoration Ecology Keywords: added by ERG Pages: 642-649 Title: The nature of urban soils and their role in ecological restoration in cities Volume: 16 Year: 2008 _record_number: 23069 _uuid: c9635569-e7c7-4820-b287-d12db9529476 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2008.00486.x href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c9635569-e7c7-4820-b287-d12db9529476.yaml identifier: c9635569-e7c7-4820-b287-d12db9529476 uri: /reference/c9635569-e7c7-4820-b287-d12db9529476 - attrs: Author: 'Walker, Renee E.; Keane, Christopher R.; Burke, Jessica G.' DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.04.013 Journal: Health & Place Keywords: added by ERG Pages: 876-884 Title: 'Disparities and access to healthy food in the United States: A review of food deserts literature' Volume: 16 Year: 2010 _record_number: 22984 _uuid: c9bda474-d322-478c-8574-21d8dc7a4f5c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.04.013 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c9bda474-d322-478c-8574-21d8dc7a4f5c.yaml identifier: c9bda474-d322-478c-8574-21d8dc7a4f5c uri: /reference/c9bda474-d322-478c-8574-21d8dc7a4f5c - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Urban Climate Change Research Network,' Institution: Columbia University Keywords: urban; climate change Place Published: 'New York, NY' Title: Climate Change and Cities. Second Assessment Report of the Urban Climate Change Research Network. Summary for City Leaders URL: http://uccrn.org/arc3-2/ Year: 2015 _record_number: 22864 _uuid: ce2db20d-ff1b-407c-873e-fde134a7929c reftype: Report child_publication: /report/arc32-summary-city-leaders href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ce2db20d-ff1b-407c-873e-fde134a7929c.yaml identifier: ce2db20d-ff1b-407c-873e-fde134a7929c uri: /reference/ce2db20d-ff1b-407c-873e-fde134a7929c - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'EIG,' Institution: Economic Innovation Group (EIG) Keywords: added by ERG Pages: 50 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Title: 'The 2017 Distressed Communities Index: An Analysis of Community Well-Being Across the United States' URL: http://eig.org/dci Year: 2017 _record_number: 22888 _uuid: ce92fa43-b6a4-4f47-8a54-8d5d85212ab1 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/2017-distressed-communities-index-an-analysis-community-well-being-across-united-states href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ce92fa43-b6a4-4f47-8a54-8d5d85212ab1.yaml identifier: ce92fa43-b6a4-4f47-8a54-8d5d85212ab1 uri: /reference/ce92fa43-b6a4-4f47-8a54-8d5d85212ab1 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Cunningham, J. Chris' Book Title: Monthly Labor Review DOI: 10.21916/mlr.2015.35 Keywords: added by ERG Pages: 15 Publisher: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Title: 'Measuring wage inequality within and across US metropolitan areas, 2003-2013' Year: 2015 _record_number: 23059 _uuid: d505cee1-e247-4ebc-a51a-88209666d77f reftype: Book Section child_publication: /article/10.21916/mlr.2015.35 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d505cee1-e247-4ebc-a51a-88209666d77f.yaml identifier: d505cee1-e247-4ebc-a51a-88209666d77f uri: /reference/d505cee1-e247-4ebc-a51a-88209666d77f - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Author: 'Dannenberg, Andrew L.; Frumkin, Howard; Jackson, Richard J.' ISBN: 9781597267267 Keywords: added by ERG Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: Island Press Title: 'Making Healthy Places: Designing and Building for Health, Well-Being, and Sustainability' Year: 2011 _record_number: 23054 _uuid: d6397bc1-e245-41fa-9e42-6f1744e59282 reftype: Book child_publication: /book/making-healthy-places-designing-building-health-well-being-sustainability href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d6397bc1-e245-41fa-9e42-6f1744e59282.yaml identifier: d6397bc1-e245-41fa-9e42-6f1744e59282 uri: /reference/d6397bc1-e245-41fa-9e42-6f1744e59282 - attrs: Abstract: 'Rising global temperature is causing major physical, chemical, and ecological changes across the planet. There is wide consensus among scientific organizations and climatologists that these broad effects, known as climate change, are the result of contemporary human activity. Climate change poses threats to human health, safety, and security. Children are uniquely vulnerable to these threats. The effects of climate change on child health include physical and psychological sequelae of weather disasters, increased heat stress, decreased air quality, altered disease patterns of some climate-sensitive infections, and food, water, and nutrient insecurity in vulnerable regions. Prompt implementation of mitigation and adaptation strategies will protect children against worsening of the problem and its associated health effects. This technical report reviews the nature of climate change and its associated child health effects and supports the recommendations in the accompanying policy statement on climate change and children’s health.' Author: 'Ahdoot, Samantha; Pacheco, Susan E.' DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-3233 Issue: 5 Journal: Pediatrics Pages: e1-e17 Title: Global climate change and children’s health Volume: 136 Year: 2015 _record_number: 25598 _uuid: d72623f9-1bb8-4f30-b89e-c5322edab9ff reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1542/peds.2015-3233 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d72623f9-1bb8-4f30-b89e-c5322edab9ff.yaml identifier: d72623f9-1bb8-4f30-b89e-c5322edab9ff uri: /reference/d72623f9-1bb8-4f30-b89e-c5322edab9ff - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Beavers, Rebecca; Amanda Babson; Courtney Schupp' Institution: 'U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service' Pages: 140 Place Published: 'Washinton, DC' Series Volume: NPS 999/134090 Title: Coastal Adaptation Strategies Handbook URL: https://www.nps.gov/subjects/climatechange/coastalhandbook.htm Year: 2016 _record_number: 21873 _uuid: e25ea9e7-07f8-4104-9ea0-b0d48ae82ee1 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/coastal-adaptation-strategies-handbook href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e25ea9e7-07f8-4104-9ea0-b0d48ae82ee1.yaml identifier: e25ea9e7-07f8-4104-9ea0-b0d48ae82ee1 uri: /reference/e25ea9e7-07f8-4104-9ea0-b0d48ae82ee1 - attrs: Author: 'Dinan, Terry' DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.03.034 Date: 2017/08/01/ ISSN: 0921-8009 Journal: Ecological Economics Keywords: Climate change; Hurricane damage; Sea level rise; Damage elasticities; Wind damage; Storm surge Pages: 186-198 Title: 'Projected increases in hurricane damage in the United States: The role of climate change and coastal development' Volume: 138 Year: 2017 _record_number: 23085 _uuid: e3ac668b-0cd6-40c6-afb5-2df1600ca96c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.03.034 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e3ac668b-0cd6-40c6-afb5-2df1600ca96c.yaml identifier: e3ac668b-0cd6-40c6-afb5-2df1600ca96c uri: /reference/e3ac668b-0cd6-40c6-afb5-2df1600ca96c - attrs: Author: 'Ghosh-Dastidar, Bonnie; Cohen, Deborah; Hunter, Gerald; Zenk, Shannon N.; Huang, Christina; Beckman, Robin; Dubowitz, Tamara' DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.07.005 Date: 2014/11/01/ ISSN: 0749-3797 Issue: 5 Journal: American Journal of Preventive Medicine Pages: 587-595 Title: 'Distance to store, food prices, and obesity in urban food deserts' Volume: 47 Year: 2014 _record_number: 22985 _uuid: e767c1c1-94e1-4fd0-ba15-b350acefa691 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.amepre.2014.07.005 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e767c1c1-94e1-4fd0-ba15-b350acefa691.yaml identifier: e767c1c1-94e1-4fd0-ba15-b350acefa691 uri: /reference/e767c1c1-94e1-4fd0-ba15-b350acefa691 - attrs: Abstract: 'As urban space continues to expand to accommodate a growing global population, there remains a real need to quantify and qualify the impacts of urban space on natural processes. The expansion of global urban areas has resulted in marked alterations to natural processes, environmental quality and natural resource consumption. The urban landscape influences infiltration and evapotranspiration, complicating our capacity to quantify their dynamics across a heterogeneous landscape at contrasting scales. Impervious surfaces exacerbate runoff processes, whereas runoff from pervious areas remains uncertain owing to variable infiltration dynamics. Increasingly, the link between the natural hydrological cycle and engineered water cycle has been made, realising the contributions from leaky infrastructure to recharge and runoff rates. Urban landscapes are host to a suite of contaminants that impact on water quality, where novel contaminants continue to pose new challenges to monitoring and treatment regimes. This review seeks to assess the major advances and remaining challenges that remain within the growing field of urban hydrology.Editor M.C. Acreman; Associate editor E. Rozos' Author: 'McGrane, Scott J.' DOI: 10.1080/02626667.2015.1128084 Date: 2016/10/02 ISSN: 0262-6667 Issue: 13 Journal: Hydrological Sciences Journal Keywords: urban; urbanization; Water Pages: 2295-2311 Publisher: Taylor & Francis Title: 'Impacts of urbanisation on hydrological and water quality dynamics, and urban water management: A review' Volume: 61 Year: 2016 _record_number: 22787 _uuid: e7721b15-f7cb-4a65-a886-0268ab0fb699 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1080/02626667.2015.1128084 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e7721b15-f7cb-4a65-a886-0268ab0fb699.yaml identifier: e7721b15-f7cb-4a65-a886-0268ab0fb699 uri: /reference/e7721b15-f7cb-4a65-a886-0268ab0fb699 - attrs: Author: 'Wolch, Jennifer R.; Byrne, Jason; Newell, Joshua P.' DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.01.017 Journal: Landscape and Urban Planning Keywords: added by ERG Pages: 234-244 Title: 'Urban green space, public health, and environmental justice: The challenge of making cities "just green enough"' Volume: 125 Year: 2014 _record_number: 23142 _uuid: ea8728bd-b961-4115-98d9-f834d50568ab reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.01.017 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ea8728bd-b961-4115-98d9-f834d50568ab.yaml identifier: ea8728bd-b961-4115-98d9-f834d50568ab uri: /reference/ea8728bd-b961-4115-98d9-f834d50568ab - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'UN-Habitat,' Institution: 'United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) ' Notes: 'ISBN: 978-92-1-132708-3 ' Pages: 247 Place Published: 'Nairobi, Kenya' Series Volume: HS/038/16E Title: 'Urbanization and Development: Emerging Futures. World Cities report 2016' URL: http://wcr.unhabitat.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/16/2016/05/WCR-%20Full-Report-2016.pdf Year: 2016 _record_number: 23182 _uuid: f1f67e52-3ceb-47c9-8961-a6640d15a618 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/urbanization-development-emerging-futures-world-cities-report-2016 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f1f67e52-3ceb-47c9-8961-a6640d15a618.yaml identifier: f1f67e52-3ceb-47c9-8961-a6640d15a618 uri: /reference/f1f67e52-3ceb-47c9-8961-a6640d15a618 - attrs: Article Number: 913064 Author: 'Lane, Kathryn; Charles-Guzman, Kizzy; Wheeler, Katherine; Abid, Zaynah; Graber, Nathan; Matte, Thomas' DOI: 10.1155/2013/913064 Journal: Journal of Environmental and Public Health Pages: 913064 Title: 'Health effects of coastal storms and flooding in urban areas: A review and vulnerability assessment' Volume: 2013 Year: 2013 _record_number: 23015 _uuid: f360379a-fb12-46a0-aef4-a04ce55ddbed reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1155/2013/913064 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f360379a-fb12-46a0-aef4-a04ce55ddbed.yaml identifier: f360379a-fb12-46a0-aef4-a04ce55ddbed uri: /reference/f360379a-fb12-46a0-aef4-a04ce55ddbed - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Holtz, Debra; Markham, Adam; Cell, Kate; Ekwurzel, Brenda' Institution: Union of Concerned Scientists Keywords: added by ERG Pages: 72 Place Published: 'Cambridge, MA' Title: 'National Landmarks at Risk: How Rising Seas, Floods, and Wildfires Are Threatening the United States’ Most Cherished Historic Sites' URL: http://www.ucsusa.org/landmarksatrisk Year: 2014 _record_number: 23068 _uuid: f41903c4-bc50-4c95-a0c0-54aaf4c51ad7 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/national-landmarks-at-risk-how-rising-seas-floods-wildfires-are-threatening-united-states-most-cherished-historic-sites href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f41903c4-bc50-4c95-a0c0-54aaf4c51ad7.yaml identifier: f41903c4-bc50-4c95-a0c0-54aaf4c51ad7 uri: /reference/f41903c4-bc50-4c95-a0c0-54aaf4c51ad7 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Hartley, Daniel' Institution: Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland Keywords: added by ERG Pages: 6 Place Published: 'Cleveland, OH' Series Volume: Economic Commentary 2013-06 Title: Urban Decline in Rust-Belt Cities URL: https://www.clevelandfed.org/newsroom-and-events/publications/economic-commentary/2013-economic-commentaries/ec-201306-urban-decline-in-rust-belt-cities.aspx Year: 2013 _record_number: 23138 _uuid: f7997d62-0d50-4ba1-b304-ff11b5d73e72 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/urban-decline-rust-belt-cities href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f7997d62-0d50-4ba1-b304-ff11b5d73e72.yaml identifier: f7997d62-0d50-4ba1-b304-ff11b5d73e72 uri: /reference/f7997d62-0d50-4ba1-b304-ff11b5d73e72 - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Author: 'Elmqvist, Thomas; Fragkias, Michail; Goodness, Julie; Güneralp, Burak; Marcotullio, Peter J.; McDonald, Robert I.; Parnell, Susan; Schewenius, Maria; Sendstad, Marte; Seto, Karen C.; Wilkinson, Cathy' DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-7088-1 ISBN: 978-94-007-7088-1 Keywords: added by ERG Publisher: Springer Netherlands Title: 'Urbanization, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: Challenges and Opportunities, A Global Assessment' Year: 2013 _record_number: 23158 _uuid: ff1fea07-c899-4e5f-aff2-76510d06c57b reftype: Book child_publication: /book/urbanization-biodiversity-ecosystem-services-challenges-opportunities-global-assessment href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ff1fea07-c899-4e5f-aff2-76510d06c57b.yaml identifier: ff1fea07-c899-4e5f-aff2-76510d06c57b uri: /reference/ff1fea07-c899-4e5f-aff2-76510d06c57b