uri,href,identifier,attrs.Abstract,attrs.Author,attrs.DOI,attrs.Date,attrs.ISSN,attrs.Issue,attrs.Journal,attrs.Keywords,attrs.Pages,attrs.Title,attrs.Volume,attrs.Year,attrs._record_number,attrs._uuid,attrs.reftype,child_publication
/reference/1b43a275-59c7-4b85-bfd3-cccbec07a556,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1b43a275-59c7-4b85-bfd3-cccbec07a556,1b43a275-59c7-4b85-bfd3-cccbec07a556,"Recent efforts to influence the efficiency and timing of urban indoor water use through education, technology, conservation, reuse, economic incentives, and regulatory mechanisms have enabled many North American cities to accommodate population growth and buffer impacts of drought. It is unlikely that this approach will be equally successful into the future because the source of conservation will shift from indoor to outdoor use. Outdoor water is climate sensitive, difficult to measure, hard to predict, linked to other components of complex and dynamic urban resource systems, imbued with behavioral and cultural dimensions, and implicated in societal conflicts about climate risk, modern lifestyles, social justice, and future growth. Outdoor water conservation is not a traditional management problem focused on the water sector, assuming a stationary climate, and set aside from public debate. Instead, outdoor water is an adaptation problem, involving complex and uncertain system dynamics, the need for cross-sector coordination, strategies for dealing with climatic uncertainty, and mechanisms for engaging stakeholders with differing goals. This paper makes the case for treating outdoor water as an adaptation problem and offers a six-point strategy for how cities can better prepare their water systems for the uncertainties of climate and societal change.","Gober, P.; Quay, R.; Larson, K. L.",10.1007/s11269-015-1205-6,Feb,0920-4741,3,"Water Resources Management","urban; water; climate change; Adaptation",899-912,"Outdoor water use as an adaptation problem: Insights from North American cities",30,2016,22735,1b43a275-59c7-4b85-bfd3-cccbec07a556,"Journal Article",/article/10.1007/s11269-015-1205-6
/reference/1cb45663-ad95-44da-8a33-6afefb926301,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1cb45663-ad95-44da-8a33-6afefb926301,1cb45663-ad95-44da-8a33-6afefb926301,"Sea level rise is one of the climate change effects most amenable to adaptation planning as the impacts are familiar and the nature of the phenomenon is unambiguous. Yet, significant uncertainties remain. Using a normative framework of adaptive management and natural hazards planning, we examine how coastal communities in Florida are planning in the face of accelerating sea level rise through analysis of planning documents and interviews with planners. We clarify that communities are taking a low-regrets incremental approach with increasingly progressive measures motivated by confidence in planning intelligence and direct experience with impacts attributable to sea level rise.","Butler, William H.; Robert E. Deyle; Cassidy Mutnansky",10.1177/0739456X16647161,,,3,"Journal of Planning Education and Research","SLR; coastal; SE; Adaptation; climate change; Urban",319-332,"Low-regrets incrementalism: Land use planning adaptation to accelerating sea level rise in Florida’s coastal communities",36,2016,22711,1cb45663-ad95-44da-8a33-6afefb926301,"Journal Article",/article/10.1177/0739456X16647161
/reference/1cba45a7-cfc7-4148-a88c-52f5f248adbf,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1cba45a7-cfc7-4148-a88c-52f5f248adbf,1cba45a7-cfc7-4148-a88c-52f5f248adbf,,"Business Continuity Institute,",,,,,,,39,"Supply Chain Resilience Report 2016",,2016,23200,1cba45a7-cfc7-4148-a88c-52f5f248adbf,Report,/report/supply-chain-resilience-report-2016
/reference/1de89e27-5e1d-4b66-b40d-fc9cab8c3882,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1de89e27-5e1d-4b66-b40d-fc9cab8c3882,1de89e27-5e1d-4b66-b40d-fc9cab8c3882,,"Ekstrom, Julia A.; Moser, Susanne C.",10.1016/j.uclim.2014.06.002,2014/09/01/,2212-0955,,"Urban Climate","Climate change; Adaptation; Governance; Barriers; Institutions; San Francisco",54-74,"Identifying and overcoming barriers in urban climate adaptation: Case study findings from the San Francisco Bay Area, California, USA",9,2014,25610,1de89e27-5e1d-4b66-b40d-fc9cab8c3882,"Journal Article",/article/10.1016/j.uclim.2014.06.002
/reference/1efe3c54-7423-4c7d-9a39-f5dd34cf6b54,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1efe3c54-7423-4c7d-9a39-f5dd34cf6b54,1efe3c54-7423-4c7d-9a39-f5dd34cf6b54,"To improve the resiliency of designs, particularly for long-lived infrastructure, current engineering practice must be updated to incorporate a range of future climate conditions that are likely to be different from the past. However, a considerable mismatch exists between climate model outputs and the data inputs needed for engineering designs. This paper provides a framework for incorporating climate trends into design standards and applications, including selecting the appropriate climate model source based on the intended application, understanding model performance and uncertainties, addressing differences in temporal and spatial scales, and interpreting results for engineering design. The framework is illustrated through an application to depth-duration-frequency curves, which are commonly used in stormwater design. A change factor method is used to update the curves in a case study of Pittsburgh. Extreme precipitation depth is expected to increase in the future for Pittsburgh for all return periods and durations examined, requiring revised standards and designs. Doubling the return period and using historical, stationary values may enable adequate design for short-duration storms; however, this method is shown to be insufficient to enable protective designs for longer-duration storms.","Cook, Lauren M.; Christopher J. Anderson; Constantine Samaras",10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000382,,,4,"Journal of Infrastructure Systems",,04017027,"Framework for incorporating downscaled climate output into existing engineering methods: Application to precipitation frequency curves",23,2017,24187,1efe3c54-7423-4c7d-9a39-f5dd34cf6b54,"Journal Article",/article/10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000382
/reference/21e7c6db-f283-46b0-ac33-60ee4d5d837b,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/21e7c6db-f283-46b0-ac33-60ee4d5d837b,21e7c6db-f283-46b0-ac33-60ee4d5d837b,"Critical infrastructure networks, including transport, are crucial to the social and economic function of urban areas but are at increasing risk from natural hazards. Minimizing disruption to these networks should form part of a strategy to increase urban resilience. A framework for assessing the disruption from flood events to transport systems is presented that couples a high-resolution urban flood model with transport modelling and network analytics to assess the impacts of extreme rainfall events, and to quantify the resilience value of different adaptation options. A case study in Newcastle upon Tyne in the UK shows that both green roof infrastructure and traditional engineering interventions such as culverts or flood walls can reduce transport disruption from flooding. The magnitude of these benefits depends on the flood event and adaptation strategy, but for the scenarios considered here 3–22% improvements in city-wide travel times are achieved. The network metric of betweenness centrality, weighted by travel time, is shown to provide a rapid approach to identify and prioritize the most critical locations for flood risk management intervention. Protecting just the top ranked critical location from flooding provides an 11% reduction in person delays. A city-wide deployment of green roofs achieves a 26% reduction, and although key routes still flood, the benefits of this strategy are more evenly distributed across the transport network as flood depths are reduced across the model domain. Both options should form part of an urban flood risk management strategy, but this method can be used to optimize investment and target limited resources at critical locations, enabling green infrastructure strategies to be gradually implemented over the longer term to provide city-wide benefits. This framework provides a means of prioritizing limited financial resources to improve resilience. This is particularly important as flood management investments must typically exceed a far higher benefit–cost threshold than transport infrastructure investments. By capturing the value to the transport network from flood management interventions, it is possible to create new business models that provide benefits to, and enhance the resilience of, both transport and flood risk management infrastructures. Further work will develop the framework to consider other hazards and infrastructure networks.%U ; http://rsos.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/royopensci/3/5/160023.full.pdf","Pregnolato, Maria; Ford, Alistair; Robson, Craig; Glenis, Vassilis; Barr, Stuart; Dawson, Richard",10.1098/rsos.160023,,,5,"Royal Society Open Science","Infrastructure; Adaptation; Urban",,"Assessing urban strategies for reducing the impacts of extreme weather on infrastructure networks",3,2016,22822,21e7c6db-f283-46b0-ac33-60ee4d5d837b,"Journal Article",/article/10.1098/rsos.160023
/reference/2234e14a-bfd8-428d-9719-863108d36da8,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2234e14a-bfd8-428d-9719-863108d36da8,2234e14a-bfd8-428d-9719-863108d36da8,"Despite the importance of urban trees, their growth reaction to climate change and to the urban heat island effect has not yet been investigated with an international scope. While we are well informed about forest growth under recent conditions, it is unclear if this knowledge can be simply transferred to urban environments. Based on tree ring analyses in ten metropolises worldwide, we show that, in general, urban trees have undergone accelerated growth since the 1960s. In addition, urban trees tend to grow more quickly than their counterparts in the rural surroundings. However, our analysis shows that climate change seems to enhance the growth of rural trees more than that of urban trees. The benefits of growing in an urban environment seem to outweigh known negative effects, however, accelerated growth may also mean more rapid ageing and shortened lifetime. Thus, city planners should adapt to the changed dynamics in order to secure the ecosystem services provided by urban trees.","Pretzsch, Hans; Biber, Peter; Uhl, Enno; Dahlhausen, Jens; Schütze, Gerhard; Perkins, Diana; Rötzer, Thomas; Caldentey, Juan; Koike, Takayoshi; Con, Tran van; Chavanne, Aurélia; Toit, Ben du; Foster, Keith; Lefer, Barry",10.1038/s41598-017-14831-w,2017/11/13,2045-2322,1,"Scientific Reports",,15403,"Climate change accelerates growth of urban trees in metropolises worldwide",7,2017,26089,2234e14a-bfd8-428d-9719-863108d36da8,"Journal Article",/article/10.1038/s41598-017-14831-w
/reference/23e451ae-5f97-48cd-9b2d-73045ee9e38c,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/23e451ae-5f97-48cd-9b2d-73045ee9e38c,23e451ae-5f97-48cd-9b2d-73045ee9e38c,,"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,","10.17226/24648 ",,,,,"Transportation; Adaptation",100,"Transportation Resilience: Adaptation to Climate Change",,2016,22802,23e451ae-5f97-48cd-9b2d-73045ee9e38c,Report,/report/transportation-resilience-adaptation-climate-change
/reference/2504aae8-e29c-4f50-9716-499ebbe2a4c2,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2504aae8-e29c-4f50-9716-499ebbe2a4c2,2504aae8-e29c-4f50-9716-499ebbe2a4c2,,"American Institute of Architects,",,,,,,"added by ERG",,"Where We Stand: Climate Change",,n.d.,23171,2504aae8-e29c-4f50-9716-499ebbe2a4c2,"Web Page",/webpage/1b7c1ee1-fe4e-408a-8c5c-ed923d533717
/reference/253c37ce-07d5-4ee0-8d5e-ce57f8f85b4a,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/253c37ce-07d5-4ee0-8d5e-ce57f8f85b4a,253c37ce-07d5-4ee0-8d5e-ce57f8f85b4a,,"Blue, Julie; Hiremath, Nupur; Gillette, Carolyn; Julius, Susan",,,,,,"added by ERG",674,"Evaluating Urban Resilience to Climate Change: A Multi-Sector Approach",,2017,22998,253c37ce-07d5-4ee0-8d5e-ce57f8f85b4a,Report,/report/evaluating-urban-resilience-climate-change-multi-sector-approach
/reference/25f43b4b-e8eb-4daa-8c9b-cf0991f72c6d,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/25f43b4b-e8eb-4daa-8c9b-cf0991f72c6d,25f43b4b-e8eb-4daa-8c9b-cf0991f72c6d,"Objectives To provide novel quantification and advanced measurements of surface temperatures (Ts) in playgrounds, employing multiple scales of data, and provide insight into hot-hazard mitigation techniques and designs for improved environmental and public health. Methods We conduct an analysis of Ts in two Metro-Phoenix playgrounds at three scales: neighborhood (1 km resolution), microscale (6.8 m resolution), and touch-scale (1 cm resolution). Data were derived from two sources: airborne remote sensing (neighborhood and microscale) and in situ (playground site) infrared Ts (touch-scale). Metrics of surface-to-air temperature deltas (ΔTs–a) and scale offsets (errors) are introduced. Results Select in situ Ts in direct sunlight are shown to approach or surpass values likely to result in burns to children at touch-scales much finer than Ts resolved by airborne remote sensing. Scale offsets based on neighbourhood and microscale ground observations are 3.8 ̊C and 7.3 ̊C less than the ΔTs–a at the 1 cm touch-scale, respectively, and 6.6 ̊C and 10.1 ̊C lower than touch-scale playground equipment Ts, respectively. Hence, the coarser scales underestimate high Ts within playgrounds. Both natural (tree) and artificial (shade sail) shade types are associated with significant reductions in Ts. Conclusions A scale mismatch exists based on differing methods of urban Ts measurement. The sub-meter touch-scale is the spatial scale at which data must be collected and policies of urban landscape design and health must be executed in order to mitigate high Ts in high-contact environments such as playgrounds. Shade implementation is the most promising mitigation technique to reduce child burns, increase park usability, and mitigate urban heating.","Vanos, Jennifer K.; Middel, Ariane; McKercher, Grant R.; Kuras, Evan R.; Ruddell, Benjamin L.",10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.10.007,2//,0169-2046,,"Landscape and Urban Planning","climate change; urban; health",29-42,"Hot playgrounds and children's health: A multiscale analysis of surface temperatures in Arizona, USA",146,2016,22871,25f43b4b-e8eb-4daa-8c9b-cf0991f72c6d,"Journal Article",/article/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.10.007
/reference/29960c69-6168-4fb0-9af0-d50bdd91acd3,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/29960c69-6168-4fb0-9af0-d50bdd91acd3,29960c69-6168-4fb0-9af0-d50bdd91acd3,,"Vose, R.S.; D.R. Easterling; K.E. Kunkel; A.N. LeGrande; M.F. Wehner",10.7930/J0N29V45,,,,,,185-206,"Temperature Changes in the United States",,2017,21564,29960c69-6168-4fb0-9af0-d50bdd91acd3,"Book Section",/report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/temperature-change
/reference/2aea16d3-6fcf-4d8a-8de8-fe4b316de0b4,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2aea16d3-6fcf-4d8a-8de8-fe4b316de0b4,2aea16d3-6fcf-4d8a-8de8-fe4b316de0b4,"Cities concentrate risks and the adverse effects of dense populations, such as outdoor air pollution, chronic disease and the impact of extreme weather events. Governments and planning bodies struggle to heed and apply the abundance of unintegrated research that links aspects of the urban environment with urban residents’ wellbeing. In order to promote human wellbeing in cities, a number of key features of the urban environment should be promoted. The medical science, urban ecology and urban design research already recognises the importance of some aspects, including providing walkable spaces, community space and greenspace. We argue that in practice, the provision of these three features is insufficient for human wellbeing. Emerging research demonstrates the importance of biodiversity and ecosystem functions to wellbeing. This paper outlines the concept of wellbeing and provides a of the three established features of urban environments that enhance residents’ lives: the provision of walkable, community and greenspace. We then outline the importance of two vital but often overlooked links in the discussion of how urban planning contributes to wellbeing: biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Until governments and policies recognise the importance of these two elements, urban design and management for wellbeing is at best simplistic. It is important for biodiversity and ecosystem function to be considered during the design decision process. Urban designers and ecologists should recognise that their work has the potential to contribute to human wellbeing by integrating biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in their research.","Taylor, Lucy; Hochuli, Dieter F.",10.1007/s11252-014-0427-3,,1573-1642,3,"Urban Ecosystems","urban; urban ecosystem; ecosystem services; health",747-762,"Creating better cities: How biodiversity and ecosystem functioning enhance urban residents’ wellbeing",18,2015,22855,2aea16d3-6fcf-4d8a-8de8-fe4b316de0b4,"Journal Article",/article/10.1007/s11252-014-0427-3
/reference/2bfed951-c393-41c8-bba8-91834fa939d6,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2bfed951-c393-41c8-bba8-91834fa939d6,2bfed951-c393-41c8-bba8-91834fa939d6,,"Wright, Richard N.; Ayyub, Bilal M.; Lombardo, Franklin T.",,,1536-4283,,"Structure Magazine",,29-32,"Bridging the gap between climate change science and structural engineering practice",September,2013,25659,2bfed951-c393-41c8-bba8-91834fa939d6,"Journal Article",/article/bridging-gap-between-climate-change-science-structural-engineering-practice
/reference/2ddba35f-6036-4428-b4c7-800dd57b3313,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2ddba35f-6036-4428-b4c7-800dd57b3313,2ddba35f-6036-4428-b4c7-800dd57b3313,,"Hauer, Mathew E.",10.1038/nclimate3271,05//print,1758-678X,5,"Nature Climate Change",,321-325,"Migration induced by sea-level rise could reshape the US population landscape",7,2017,21812,2ddba35f-6036-4428-b4c7-800dd57b3313,"Journal Article",/article/10.1038/nclimate3271
/reference/2e161cc2-78f2-4a23-9e35-dd915331c8b8,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2e161cc2-78f2-4a23-9e35-dd915331c8b8,2e161cc2-78f2-4a23-9e35-dd915331c8b8,,"Peng, Lizhengli; Stewart, Mark G.; Melchers, Robert E.",10.1080/15732479.2016.1229798,2017/08/03,1573-2479,8,"Structure and Infrastructure Engineering",,988-1001,"Corrosion and capacity prediction of marine steel infrastructure under a changing environment",13,2017,25623,2e161cc2-78f2-4a23-9e35-dd915331c8b8,"Journal Article",/article/10.1080/15732479.2016.1229798
/reference/3144512f-e1ec-48c4-838a-c2000588c521,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3144512f-e1ec-48c4-838a-c2000588c521,3144512f-e1ec-48c4-838a-c2000588c521,,"Sustainable Accounting Standards Board (SASB),",,,,,,"added by ERG",,"SASB Conceptual Framework [web site]",,2017,23100,3144512f-e1ec-48c4-838a-c2000588c521,Report,/report/sasb-conceptual-framework
/reference/31bf15ab-c374-4466-8b4c-894a527813cb,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/31bf15ab-c374-4466-8b4c-894a527813cb,31bf15ab-c374-4466-8b4c-894a527813cb,"Sponsored by the Committee on Technical Advancement of ASCE Adapting Infrastructure and Civil Engineering Practice to a Changing Climate presents an accurate discussion of the potential significance of climate change to engineering practice. Although considerable evidence indicates that the climate is changing, significant uncertainty exists regarding the location, timing, and magnitude of this change over the lifetime of infrastructure. Practicing engineers are faced with the dilemma of balancing future needs for engineered infrastructure with the risks posed by the effects of climate change on long-term engineering projects. The gap between climate science and engineering practice somehow must be bridged. This report identifies the technical requirements and civil engineering challenges raised by adaptation to a changing climate. Topics include: review of climate science for engineering practice; incorporating climate science into engineering practice; civil engineering sectors that might be affected by climate change; needs for research, development, and demonstration projects; and summary, conclusions, and recommendations. Three appendixes illustrate different engineering approaches to assessing or preparing for climate change. Practitioners, researchers, educators, and students of civil engineering, as well as government officials and allied professionals, will be fascinated by this discussion of the trade-offs between the expenses of increasing system reliability and the potential costs and consequences of failure to future generations.",,10.1061/9780784479193,,,,,,93,"Adapting Infrastructure and Civil Engineering Practice to a Changing Climate",,2015,24558,31bf15ab-c374-4466-8b4c-894a527813cb,"Edited Report",/report/adapting-infrastructure-civil-engineering-practice-changing-climate
/reference/32c62e24-e3c8-4c03-8238-ae852396a88f,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/32c62e24-e3c8-4c03-8238-ae852396a88f,32c62e24-e3c8-4c03-8238-ae852396a88f,,"Girvetz, Evan H.; Edwin P. Maurer; Philip B. Duffy; Aaron Ruesch; Bridget Thrasher; Chris Zganjar",,,,,,,43,"Making Climate Data Relevant to Decision Making: The Important Details of Spatial and Temporal Downscaling",,2013,25635,32c62e24-e3c8-4c03-8238-ae852396a88f,Report,/report/making-climate-data-relevant-decision-making-important-details-spatial-temporal-downscaling
/reference/33bdc93c-e333-4694-af8e-f982e9396ef8,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/33bdc93c-e333-4694-af8e-f982e9396ef8,33bdc93c-e333-4694-af8e-f982e9396ef8,,"Conlon, Kathryn C.; Rajkovich, Nicholas B.; White-Newsome, Jalonne L.; Larsen, Larissa; O’Neill, Marie S.",10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.04.004,,1873-4111,3,Maturitas,,197-202,"Preventing cold-related morbidity and mortality in a changing climate",69,2011,17771,33bdc93c-e333-4694-af8e-f982e9396ef8,"Journal Article",/article/10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.04.004
/reference/349d443c-b692-4b9d-8b1b-a22887a292a7,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/349d443c-b692-4b9d-8b1b-a22887a292a7,349d443c-b692-4b9d-8b1b-a22887a292a7,,"Clayton, Susan; Manning, Christie; Krygsman, Kirra; Speiser, Meighen",,,,,,,69,"Mental health and our changing climate: Impacts, implications, and guidance",,2017,23204,349d443c-b692-4b9d-8b1b-a22887a292a7,Report,/report/mental-health-our-changing-climate-impacts-implications-guidance
/reference/35e35ccf-1a66-4c2f-b852-7b1fe3bf3266,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/35e35ccf-1a66-4c2f-b852-7b1fe3bf3266,35e35ccf-1a66-4c2f-b852-7b1fe3bf3266,,"City of New York,",,,,,,"added by ERG",438,"A Stronger, More Resilient New York",,2013,23116,35e35ccf-1a66-4c2f-b852-7b1fe3bf3266,Report,/report/stronger-more-resilient-new-york
/reference/369ebac0-034e-4f20-b489-a87d76916b41,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/369ebac0-034e-4f20-b489-a87d76916b41,369ebac0-034e-4f20-b489-a87d76916b41,,"Wright, Kathryn; Kalee Whitehouse; Julie Curti",,,,,,,31,"Voluntary Resilience Standards: An Assessment of the Emerging Market for Resilience in the Built Environment",,2017,25645,369ebac0-034e-4f20-b489-a87d76916b41,Report,/report/voluntary-resilience-standards-an-assessment-emerging-market-resilience-built-environment
/reference/38a397d4-812d-4af6-98fb-8f74dd8632ac,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/38a397d4-812d-4af6-98fb-8f74dd8632ac,38a397d4-812d-4af6-98fb-8f74dd8632ac,,"Dawson, Richard J.",10.3390/cli3041079,,2225-1154,4,Climate,,1079-1096,"Handling interdependencies in climate change risk assessment",3,2015,23013,38a397d4-812d-4af6-98fb-8f74dd8632ac,"Journal Article",/article/10.3390/cli3041079
/reference/38ce969d-14fa-4874-8b5e-0ee37f4ac79c,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/38ce969d-14fa-4874-8b5e-0ee37f4ac79c,38ce969d-14fa-4874-8b5e-0ee37f4ac79c,,"MTA,",,,,,,"added by ERG",33,"MTA Climate Adaptation Task Force Resiliency Report",,2017,23066,38ce969d-14fa-4874-8b5e-0ee37f4ac79c,Report,/report/mta-climate-adaptation-task-force-resiliency-report