--- - attrs: Author: 'Soneja, Sutyajeet; Jiang, Chengsheng; Romeo Upperman, Crystal; Murtugudde, Raghu; S. Mitchell, Clifford; Blythe, David; Sapkota, Amy R.; Sapkota, Amir' DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.05.021 Date: 2016/08/01/ ISSN: 0013-9351 Journal: Environmental Research Keywords: Campylobacteriosis; Climate change; Coastal vulnerability; El Niño; La Niña Pages: 216-221 Title: 'Extreme precipitation events and increased risk of campylobacteriosis in Maryland, U.S.A' Volume: 149 Year: 2016 _record_number: 21707 _uuid: bcbd5def-bcf4-454a-b744-ff131acdbf39 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.envres.2016.05.021 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/bcbd5def-bcf4-454a-b744-ff131acdbf39.yaml identifier: bcbd5def-bcf4-454a-b744-ff131acdbf39 uri: /reference/bcbd5def-bcf4-454a-b744-ff131acdbf39 - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Author: 'Doppelt, Bob' ISBN: 978-1783535286 Place Published: New York Publisher: Greenleaf Publishing (Routledge/Taylor & Francis) Title: 'Transformational Resilience: How Building Human Resilience to Climate Disruption Can Safeguard Society and Increase Wellbeing' Year: 2016 _record_number: 24130 _uuid: bf23355b-aa5e-48f6-916a-d2d32e46fe2b reftype: Book child_publication: /book/transformational-resilience-how-building-human-resilience-climate-disruption-can-safeguard-society-increase-wellbeing href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/bf23355b-aa5e-48f6-916a-d2d32e46fe2b.yaml identifier: bf23355b-aa5e-48f6-916a-d2d32e46fe2b uri: /reference/bf23355b-aa5e-48f6-916a-d2d32e46fe2b - attrs: Author: "Springmann, Marco; Mason-D'Croz, Daniel; Robinson, Sherman; Garnett, Tara; Godfray, H. Charles J.; Gollin, Douglas; Rayner, Mike; Ballon, Paola; Scarborough, Peter" DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01156-3 Date: 2016/05/07/ ISSN: 0140-6736 Issue: 10031 Journal: The Lancet Pages: 1937-1946 Title: 'Global and regional health effects of future food production under climate change: A modelling study' Volume: 387 Year: 2016 _record_number: 25312 _uuid: bf93d053-588d-4611-a824-94f52018ef18 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01156-3 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/bf93d053-588d-4611-a824-94f52018ef18.yaml identifier: bf93d053-588d-4611-a824-94f52018ef18 uri: /reference/bf93d053-588d-4611-a824-94f52018ef18 - attrs: Abstract: 'The unabated rise in anthropogenic CO₂ emissions is predicted to strongly influence the ocean’s environment, increasing the mean sea-surface temperature by 4°C and causing a pH decline of 0.3 units by the year 2100. These changes are likely to affect the nutritional value of marine food sources since temperature and CO₂ can influence the fatty (FA) and amino acid (AA) composition of marine primary producers. Here, essential amino (EA) and polyunsaturated fatty (PUFA) acids are of particular importance due to their nutritional value to higher trophic levels. In order to determine the interactive effects of CO₂ and temperature on the nutritional quality of a primary producer, we analyzed the relative PUFA and EA composition of the diatom Cylindrotheca fusiformis cultured under a factorial matrix of 2 temperatures (14 and 19°C) and 3 partial pressures of CO₂ (180, 380, 750 μatm) for >250 generations. Our results show a decay of ~3% and ~6% in PUFA and EA content in algae kept at a pCO₂ of 750 μatm (high) compared to the 380 μatm (intermediate) CO₂ treatments at 14°C. Cultures kept at 19°C displayed a ~3% lower PUFA content under high compared to intermediate pCO₂, while EA did not show differences between treatments. Algae grown at a pCO₂ of 180 μatm (low) had a lower PUFA and AA content in relation to those at intermediate and high CO₂ levels at 14°C, but there were no differences in EA at 19°C for any CO₂ treatment. This study is the first to report adverse effects of warming and acidification on the EA of a primary producer, and corroborates previous observations of negative effects of these stressors on PUFA. Considering that only ~20% of essential biomolecules such as PUFA (and possibly EA) are incorporated into new biomass at the next trophic level, the potential impacts of adverse effects of ocean warming and acidification at the base of the food web may be amplified towards higher trophic levels, which rely on them as source of essential biomolecules.' Author: 'Bermúdez, Rafael; Feng, Yuanyuan; Roleda, Michael Y.; Tatters, Avery O.; Hutchins, David A.; Larsen, Thomas; Boyd, Philip W.; Hurd, Catriona L.; Riebesell, Ulf; Winder, Monika' DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123945 Issue: 5 Journal: PLOS ONE Pages: e0123945 Publisher: Public Library of Science Title: Long-term conditioning to elevated pCO2 and warming influences the fatty and amino acid composition of the diatom Cylindrotheca fusiformis Volume: 10 Year: 2015 _record_number: 24137 _uuid: c11491c3-1997-4aff-aecc-fdc3f6bbd58a reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1371/journal.pone.0123945 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c11491c3-1997-4aff-aecc-fdc3f6bbd58a.yaml identifier: c11491c3-1997-4aff-aecc-fdc3f6bbd58a uri: /reference/c11491c3-1997-4aff-aecc-fdc3f6bbd58a - attrs: Author: 'Choudhary, Ekta; Vaidyanathan, Ambarish' ISSN: 1545-8636 Issue: 13 Journal: MMWR Surveillance Summaries Pages: 1-10 Title: 'Heat stress illness hospitalizations—Environmental public health tracking program, 20 States, 2001-2010.' URL: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss6313a1.htm Volume: 63 Year: 2014 _record_number: 23742 _uuid: c2022b30-10b5-40f8-b14b-82c43209dd3d reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/heat-stress-illness-hospitalizationsenvironmental-public-health-tracking-program-20-states-2001-2010 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c2022b30-10b5-40f8-b14b-82c43209dd3d.yaml identifier: c2022b30-10b5-40f8-b14b-82c43209dd3d uri: /reference/c2022b30-10b5-40f8-b14b-82c43209dd3d - attrs: Author: 'Berman, Jesse D.; Ebisu, Keita; Peng, Roger D.; Dominici, Francesca; Bell, Michelle L.' DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(17)30002-5 Date: 2017/04/01/ ISSN: 2542-5196 Issue: 1 Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health Pages: e17-e25 Title: 'Drought and the risk of hospital admissions and mortality in older adults in western USA from 2000 to 2013: A retrospective study ' Volume: 1 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21858 _uuid: c2e222fc-c5e0-4e34-8f28-ab1fad575053 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/S2542-5196(17)30002-5 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c2e222fc-c5e0-4e34-8f28-ab1fad575053.yaml identifier: c2e222fc-c5e0-4e34-8f28-ab1fad575053 uri: /reference/c2e222fc-c5e0-4e34-8f28-ab1fad575053 - attrs: Author: 'Munro, Alice; Kovats, R. Sari; Rubin, G. James; Waite, Thomas David; Bone, Angie; Armstrong, Ben' DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(17)30047-5 Date: 2017/07/01/ ISSN: 2542-5196 Issue: 4 Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health Pages: e134-e141 Title: 'Effect of evacuation and displacement on the association between flooding and mental health outcomes: A cross-sectional analysis of UK survey data' Volume: 1 Year: 2017 _record_number: 25337 _uuid: c6947fa0-0aa6-43c4-bd6c-3af95cc1dd03 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/S2542-5196(17)30047-5 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c6947fa0-0aa6-43c4-bd6c-3af95cc1dd03.yaml identifier: c6947fa0-0aa6-43c4-bd6c-3af95cc1dd03 uri: /reference/c6947fa0-0aa6-43c4-bd6c-3af95cc1dd03 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Gamble, Janet L.; Balbus, John; Berger, Martha; Bouye, Karen; Campbell, Vince; Chief, Karletta; Conlon, Kathryn; Crimmins, Allison; Flanagan, Barry; Gonzalez-Maddux, Cristina; Hallisey, Elaine; Hutchins, Sonja; Jantarasami, Lesley; Khoury, Samar; Kiefer, Max; Kolling, Jessica; Lynn, Kathy; Manangan, Arie; McDonald, Marian; Morello-Frosch, Rachel; Redsteer, Margaret Hiza; Sheffield, Perry; Thigpen Tart, Kimberly; Watson, Joanna; Whyte, Kyle Powys; Wolkin, Amy Funk' Book Title: 'The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment' DOI: 10.7930/J0Q81B0T Pages: 247–286 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: 'Ch. 9: Populations of concern' Year: 2016 _record_number: 19381 _uuid: c76d7935-9da3-4c4b-9186-86dc658bcc74 reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016/chapter/populations-of-concern href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c76d7935-9da3-4c4b-9186-86dc658bcc74.yaml identifier: c76d7935-9da3-4c4b-9186-86dc658bcc74 uri: /reference/c76d7935-9da3-4c4b-9186-86dc658bcc74 - attrs: Abstract: 'While the impacts of heat upon mortality and morbidity have been frequently studied, few studies have examined the relationship between heat, morbidity, and mortality across the same events. This research assesses the relationship between heat events and morbidity and mortality in New York City for the period 1991–2004. Heat events are defined based on oppressive weather types as determined by the Spatial Synoptic Classification. Morbidity data include hospitalizations for heat-related, respiratory, and cardiovascular causes; mortality data include these subsets as well as all-cause totals. Distributed-lag models assess the relationship between heat and health outcome for a cumulative 15-day period following exposure. To further refine analysis, subset analyses assess the differences between early- and late-season events, shorter and longer events, and earlier and later years. The strongest heat–health relationships occur with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and heat-related hospital admissions. The impacts of heat are greater during longer heat events and during the middle of summer, when increased mortality is still statistically significant after accounting for mortality displacement. Early-season heat waves have increases in mortality that appear to be largely short-term displacement. The impacts of heat on mortality have decreased over time. Heat-related hospital admissions have increased during this time, especially during the earlier days of heat events. Given the trends observed, it suggests that a greater awareness of heat hazards may have led to increased short-term hospitalizations with a commensurate decrease in mortality.' Author: 'Sheridan, Scott C.; Lin, Shao' DOI: 10.1007/s10393-014-0970-7 Date: December 01 ISSN: 1612-9210 Issue: 4 Journal: EcoHealth Pages: 512-525 Title: 'Assessing variability in the impacts of heat on health outcomes in New York City over time, season, and heat-wave duration' Type of Article: journal article Volume: 11 Year: 2014 _record_number: 23854 _uuid: c93425cc-9026-4a9d-abde-cb2d73327a71 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10393-014-0970-7 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c93425cc-9026-4a9d-abde-cb2d73327a71.yaml identifier: c93425cc-9026-4a9d-abde-cb2d73327a71 uri: /reference/c93425cc-9026-4a9d-abde-cb2d73327a71 - attrs: Abstract: 'Global warming is leading to increased frequency and severity of storms that are associated with flooding, increasing the risk to urban, coastal populations. This study examined perceptions of the relationship between severe storms, sea level rise, climate change and ecological barriers by a vulnerable environmental justice population in New Jersey. Patients using New Jersey’s Federally Qualified Health Centers were interviewed after Hurricane [Superstorm] Sandy because it is essential to understand the perceptions of uninsured, underinsured, and economically challenged people to better develop a resiliency strategy for the most vulnerable people. Patients (N = 355) using 6 centers were interviewed using a structured interview form. Patients were interviewed in the order they entered the reception area, in either English or Spanish. Respondents were asked to rate their agreement with environmental statements. Respondents 1) agreed with experts that “severe storms were due to climate change”, “storms will come more often”, and that “flooding was due to sea level rise”, 2) did not agree as strongly that “climate change was due to human activity”, 3) were neutral for statements that “Sandy damages were due to loss of dunes or salt marshes”. 4) did not differ as a function of ethnic/racial categories, and 5) showed few gender differences. It is imperative that the public understand that climate change and sea level rise are occurring so that they support community programs (and funding) to prepare for increased frequency of storms and coastal flooding. The lack of high ratings for the role of dunes and marshes in preventing flooding indicates a lack of understanding that ecological structures protect coasts, and suggests a lack of support for management actions to restore dunes as part of a coastal preparedness strategy. Perceptions that do not support a public policy of coastal zone management to protect coastlines can lead to increased flooding, extensive property damages, and injuries or loss of life.' Author: 'Burger, Joanna; Gochfeld, Michael' DOI: 10.1007/s11252-017-0678-x Date: December 01 ISSN: 1573-1642 Issue: 6 Journal: Urban Ecosystems Pages: 1261-1275 Title: 'Perceptions of severe storms, climate change, ecological structures and resiliency three years post-hurricane Sandy in New Jersey' Type of Article: journal article Volume: 20 Year: 2017 _record_number: 25331 _uuid: cab3885c-a808-40f4-9b4a-79808bbdf202 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s11252-017-0678-x href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/cab3885c-a808-40f4-9b4a-79808bbdf202.yaml identifier: cab3885c-a808-40f4-9b4a-79808bbdf202 uri: /reference/cab3885c-a808-40f4-9b4a-79808bbdf202 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Linthicum, Kenneth J.; Assaf Anyamba; Seth C. Britch; Jennifer L. Small; Compton J. Tucker' Book Title: 'Global Health Impacts of Vector-Borne Diseases: Workshop Summary' DOI: 10.17226/21792 Editor: A. Mack ISBN: 978-0-309-37759-1 Pages: 202-220 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: National Academies Press Title: 'Climate teleconnections, weather extremes, and vector-borne disease outbreaks' Year: 2016 _record_number: 26107 _uuid: caee7e9f-762a-4b4c-a1db-1c7153933499 reftype: Book Section child_publication: /book/1d952efe-6f8b-40e3-8f90-b93f123453e5 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/caee7e9f-762a-4b4c-a1db-1c7153933499.yaml identifier: caee7e9f-762a-4b4c-a1db-1c7153933499 uri: /reference/caee7e9f-762a-4b4c-a1db-1c7153933499 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Baussan, Danielle' Institution: Center for American Progress Pages: 10 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Title: "When You Can't Go Home: The Gulf Coast 10 Years after Katrina" URL: https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/green/reports/2015/08/18/119511/when-you-cant-go-home/ Year: 2015 _record_number: 24139 _uuid: cdf943a1-008a-4b9a-93d4-d0e49df114ae reftype: Report child_publication: /report/when-you-cant-go-home-gulf-coast-10-years-after-katrina href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/cdf943a1-008a-4b9a-93d4-d0e49df114ae.yaml identifier: cdf943a1-008a-4b9a-93d4-d0e49df114ae uri: /reference/cdf943a1-008a-4b9a-93d4-d0e49df114ae - attrs: Abstract: 'Introduction Although many studies have delineated the variety and magnitude of impacts that climate change is likely to have on health, very little is known about how well hospitals are poised to respond to these impacts. Hypothesis/Problem The hypothesis is that most modern hospitals in urban areas in the United States need to augment their current disaster planning to include climate-related impacts. Methods Using Los Angeles County (California USA) as a case study, historical data for emergency department (ED) visits and projections for extreme-heat events were used to determine how much climate change is likely to increase ED visits by mid-century for each hospital. In addition, historical data about the location of wildfires in Los Angeles County and projections for increased frequency of both wildfires and flooding related to sea-level rise were used to identify which area hospitals will have an increased risk of climate-related wildfires or flooding at mid-century. Results Only a small fraction of the total number of predicted ED visits at mid-century would likely to be due to climate change. By contrast, a significant portion of hospitals in Los Angeles County are in close proximity to very high fire hazard severity zones (VHFHSZs) and would be at greater risk to wildfire impacts as a result of climate change by mid-century. One hospital in Los Angeles County was anticipated to be at greater risk due to flooding by mid-century as a result of climate-related sea-level rise. Conclusion This analysis suggests that several Los Angeles County hospitals should focus their climate-change-related planning on building resiliency to wildfires. Adelaine SA , Sato M , Jin Y , Godwin H . An Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Los Angeles (California USA) Hospitals, Wildfires Highest Priority. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2017;32(5):556–562.' Author: 'Adelaine, Sabrina A.; Sato, Mizuki; Jin, Yufang; Godwin, Hilary' DOI: 10.1017/S1049023X17006586 Database Provider: Cambridge University Press EPub Date: 2017/06/13 ISSN: 1049-023X Issue: 5 Journal: Prehospital and Disaster Medicine Keywords: climate change; hospital; wildfire Name of Database: Cambridge Core Pages: 556-562 Publisher: Cambridge University Press Title: 'An assessment of climate change impacts on Los Angeles (California USA) hospitals, wildfires highest priority' Volume: 32 Year: 2017 _record_number: 25332 _uuid: d256036d-2155-4037-8b60-3ac77b22adbd reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1017/S1049023X17006586 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d256036d-2155-4037-8b60-3ac77b22adbd.yaml identifier: d256036d-2155-4037-8b60-3ac77b22adbd uri: /reference/d256036d-2155-4037-8b60-3ac77b22adbd - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Akil, Luma; Ahmad, H. Anwar; Reddy, Remata S.' DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2014.1802 ISSN: 1556-7125 Issue: 12 Journal: Foodborne Pathogens and Disease Pages: 974-980 Title: Effects of climate change on Salmonella infections Volume: 11 Year: 2014 _chapter: Ch6 _record_number: 17623 _uuid: d429eeff-a10c-42e2-861e-5ce4506d77cf reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1089/fpd.2014.1802 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d429eeff-a10c-42e2-861e-5ce4506d77cf.yaml identifier: d429eeff-a10c-42e2-861e-5ce4506d77cf uri: /reference/d429eeff-a10c-42e2-861e-5ce4506d77cf - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Mills, David; Schwartz, Joel; Lee, Mihye; Sarofim, Marcus; Jones, Russell; Lawson, Megan; Duckworth, Michael; Deck, Leland' DOI: 10.1007/s10584-014-1154-8 ISSN: 1573-1480 Issue: 1 Journal: Climatic Change Pages: 83-95 Title: Climate change impacts on extreme temperature mortality in select metropolitan areas in the United States Volume: 131 Year: 2015 _chapter: Ch2 _record_number: 17612 _uuid: d4613be9-fc30-44b5-afdb-e6d6daf4b490 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10584-014-1154-8 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d4613be9-fc30-44b5-afdb-e6d6daf4b490.yaml identifier: d4613be9-fc30-44b5-afdb-e6d6daf4b490 uri: /reference/d4613be9-fc30-44b5-afdb-e6d6daf4b490 - attrs: Abstract: 'Acute gastro-intestinal illness (AGI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide and an important public health problem. Despite the fact that AGI is currently responsible for a huge burden of disease throughout the world, important knowledge gaps exist in terms of its epidemiology. Specifically, an understanding of seasonality and those factors driving seasonal variation remain elusive. This paper aims to assess variation in the incidence of AGI in British Columbia (BC), Canada over an 11-year study period. We assessed variation in AGI dynamics in general, and disaggregated by hydroclimatic regime and drinking water source. We used several different visual and statistical techniques to describe and characterize seasonal and annual patterns in AGI incidence over time. Our results consistently illustrate marked seasonal patterns; seasonality remains when the dataset is disaggregated by hydroclimatic regime and drinking water source; however, differences in the magnitude and timing of the peaks and troughs are noted. We conclude that systematic descriptions of infectious illness dynamics over time is a valuable tool for informing disease prevention strategies and generating hypotheses to guide future research in an era of global environmental change.' Author: 'Galway, Lindsay P.; Allen, Diana M.; Parkes, Margot W.; Takaro, Tim K.' DOI: 10.2166/wh.2013.105 Issue: 1 Journal: Journal of Water and Health Pages: 122-135 Title: 'Seasonal variation of acute gastro-intestinal illness by hydroclimatic regime and drinking water source: A retrospective population-based study' Volume: 12 Year: 2014 _record_number: 24062 _uuid: d46e068d-361c-4b50-a96b-670a5b9a95bf reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.2166/wh.2013.105 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d46e068d-361c-4b50-a96b-670a5b9a95bf.yaml identifier: d46e068d-361c-4b50-a96b-670a5b9a95bf uri: /reference/d46e068d-361c-4b50-a96b-670a5b9a95bf - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Trtanj, Juli; Jantarasami, Lesley; Brunkard, Joan; Collier, Tracy; Jacobs, John; Lipp, Erin; McLellan, Sandra; Moore, Stephanie; Paerl, Hans; Ravenscroft, John; Sengco, Mario; Thurston, Jeanette' Book Title: 'The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment' DOI: 10.7930/J03F4MH4 Pages: 157–188 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: 'Ch. 6: Climate impacts on water-related illness' Year: 2016 _record_number: 19378 _uuid: d4ed906f-cc7b-422c-aef1-96a1b1d5c80f reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016/chapter/water-related-illnesses href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d4ed906f-cc7b-422c-aef1-96a1b1d5c80f.yaml identifier: d4ed906f-cc7b-422c-aef1-96a1b1d5c80f uri: /reference/d4ed906f-cc7b-422c-aef1-96a1b1d5c80f - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Brown, M.E.; J.M. Antle; P. Backlund; E.R. Carr; W.E. Easterling; M.K. Walsh; C. Ammann; W. Attavanich; C.B. Barrett; M.F. Bellemare; V. Dancheck; C. Funk; K. Grace; J.S.I. Ingram; H. Jiang; H. Maletta; T. Mata; A. Murray; M. Ngugi; D. Ojima; B. O’Neill; C. Tebaldi' DOI: 10.7930/J0862DC7 Institution: U.S. Global Change Research Program Pages: 146 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Title: 'Climate Change, Global Food Security, and the U.S. Food System' Year: 2015 _record_number: 23655 _uuid: d51156cc-0034-4afc-b2b7-1ad99efde458 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/usda-climate-change-global-food-security-us-food-system-2015 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d51156cc-0034-4afc-b2b7-1ad99efde458.yaml identifier: d51156cc-0034-4afc-b2b7-1ad99efde458 uri: /reference/d51156cc-0034-4afc-b2b7-1ad99efde458 - attrs: Author: 'Glibert, Patricia M.; Icarus Allen, J.; Artioli, Yuri; Beusen, Arthur; Bouwman, Lex; Harle, James; Holmes, Robert; Holt, Jason' DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12662 ISSN: 1365-2486 Issue: 12 Journal: Global Change Biology Keywords: GCOMS-POLCOMS-ERSIM model; IPCC scenarios; Karenia spp; nutrient stoichiometry; Prorocentrum spp Pages: 3845-3858 Title: 'Vulnerability of coastal ecosystems to changes in harmful algal bloom distribution in response to climate change: Projections based on model analysis' Volume: 20 Year: 2014 _record_number: 24063 _uuid: d515604c-1a1e-4ea1-8587-6d1807657ccf reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/gcb.12662 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d515604c-1a1e-4ea1-8587-6d1807657ccf.yaml identifier: d515604c-1a1e-4ea1-8587-6d1807657ccf uri: /reference/d515604c-1a1e-4ea1-8587-6d1807657ccf - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Jagai, J.S.; Li, Quanlin; Wang, Shiliang; Messier, K.P.; Wade, Timothy J.; Hilborn, Elizabeth D.' DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1408971 ISSN: 1552-9924 Issue: 9 Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives Pages: 873-879 Title: 'Extreme precipitation and emergency room visits for gastrointestinal illness in areas with and without combined sewer systems: An analysis of Massachusetts data, 2003-2007' Volume: 123 Year: 2015 _record_number: 19179 _uuid: d746e578-c6fd-4b73-8a3c-d91365668348 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1289/ehp.1408971 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d746e578-c6fd-4b73-8a3c-d91365668348.yaml identifier: d746e578-c6fd-4b73-8a3c-d91365668348 uri: /reference/d746e578-c6fd-4b73-8a3c-d91365668348 - attrs: Abstract: "Zika virus was identified in Uganda in 1947; since then, it has enveloped the tropics, causing disease of varying severity. Lessler et al. review the historical literature to remind us that Zika's neurotropism was observed in mice even before clinical case reports in Nigeria in 1953. What determines the clinical manifestations; how local conditions, vectors, genetics, and wild hosts affect transmission and geographical spread; what the best control strategy is; and how to develop effective drugs, vaccines, and diagnostics are all critical questions that are begging for data.Science, this issue p. 663BACKGROUNDFirst discovered in 1947, Zika virus (ZIKV) received little attention until a surge in microcephaly cases was reported after a 2015 outbreak in Brazil. The size of the outbreak and the severity of associated birth defects prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 1 February 2016. In response, there has been an explosion in research and planning as the global health community has turned its attention to understanding and controlling ZIKV. Still, much of the information needed to evaluate the global health threat from ZIKV is lacking. The global threat posed by any emerging pathogen depends on its epidemiology, its clinical features, and our ability to implement effective control measures. Whether introductions of ZIKV result in epidemics depends on local ecology, population immunity, regional demographics, and, to no small degree, random chance. The same factors determine whether the virus will establish itself as an endemic disease. The burden of ZIKV spread on human health is mediated by its natural history and pathogenesis, particularly during pregnancy, and our ability to control the virus’s spread. In this Review, we examine the empirical evidence for a global threat from ZIKV through the lens of these processes, examining historic and current evidence, as well as parallel processes in closely related viruses.ADVANCESBecause ZIKV was not recognized as an important disease in humans until recently, it was little studied before the recent crisis. Nevertheless, the limited data from the decades following its discovery provide important clues into ZIKV’s epidemiology and suggest that some populations were at risk for the virus for years in the mid-20th century, although this risk may predominantly have been the result of spillover infections from a sylvatic reservoir. Recent outbreaks on Yap Island (2007) and in French Polynesia (2014) provide the only previous observations of large epidemics and are the basis for the little that we do know about ZIKV’s acute symptoms (e.g., rash, fever, conjunctivitis, and arthralgia), the risk of birth defects, such as microcephaly (estimated to be 1 per 100 in French Polynesia), and the incidence of severe neurological outcomes (e.g., Guillain-Barré is estimated to occur in approximately 2 out of every 10,000 cases). The observation of an association between ZIKV and a surge in microcephaly cases in Brazil and the subsequent declaration of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the WHO have rapidly accelerated research into the virus. Small, but very important, studies have begun to identify the substantial risk the virus can pose throughout a pregnancy, and careful surveillance has established that ZIKV can be transmitted sexually. Numerous modeling studies have helped to estimate the potential range of ZIKV and measured its reproductive number R0 (estimates range from 1.4 to 6.6), a key measure of transmissibility in a number of settings. Still, it remains unclear whether the recent epidemic in the Americas is the result of fundamental changes in the virus or merely a chance event.OUTLOOKZIKV research is progressing rapidly, and over the coming months and years our understanding of the virus will undoubtedly deepen considerably. Key questions about the virus’s range, its ability to persist, and its clinical severity will be answered as the current epidemic in the Americas runs its cou se. Moving forward, it is important that information on ZIKV be placed within the context of its effect on human health and that we remain cognizant of the structure of postinvasion epidemic dynamics as we respond to this emerging threat. The effect of ZIKV is a function of the local transmission regime and viral pathogenesis.(A) Many countries cannot maintain ongoing vector-mediated ZIKV transmission and are only at risk from importation by travelers and limited onward transmission (e.g., through sex). (B) If conditions are appropriate, importations can lead to postinvasion epidemics with high incidence across age ranges, after which the virus may go locally extinct or remain endemic. (C) There is evidence of ongoing ZIKV incidence in humans over years (e.g., a 1952 serosurvey in Nigeria), but it is unknown whether this is the result of ongoing circulation in humans or frequent spillover infections from a sylvatic cycle. (D) In other areas, ZIKV appears to have been maintained in animals with few human infections. (E) The majority of infections are asymptomatic, and severe outcomes, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, are rare. (F) However, there is considerable risk of microcephaly and other fetal sequelae when infection occurs during pregnancy.First discovered in 1947, Zika virus (ZIKV) infection remained a little-known tropical disease until 2015, when its apparent association with a considerable increase in the incidence of microcephaly in Brazil raised alarms worldwide. There is limited information on the key factors that determine the extent of the global threat from ZIKV infection and resulting complications. Here, we review what is known about the epidemiology, natural history, and public health effects of ZIKV infection, the empirical basis for this knowledge, and the critical knowledge gaps that need to be filled." Author: 'Lessler, Justin; Chaisson, Lelia H.; Kucirka, Lauren M.; Bi, Qifang; Grantz, Kyra; Salje, Henrik; Carcelen, Andrea C.; Ott, Cassandra T.; Sheffield, Jeanne S.; Ferguson, Neil M.; Cummings, Derek A. T.; Metcalf, C. Jessica E.; Rodriguez-Barraquer, Isabel' DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf8160 Issue: 6300 Journal: Science Title: Assessing the global threat from Zika virus Volume: 353 Year: 2016 _record_number: 24071 _uuid: d802722a-1f2c-4b64-932e-74e17a1c2209 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1126/science.aaf8160 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d802722a-1f2c-4b64-932e-74e17a1c2209.yaml identifier: d802722a-1f2c-4b64-932e-74e17a1c2209 uri: /reference/d802722a-1f2c-4b64-932e-74e17a1c2209 - attrs: Author: 'Lowe, Rachel; Caio AS Coelho; Christovam Barcellos; Marilia Sá Carvalho; Rafael De Castro Catão; Giovanini E Coelho; Walter Massa Ramalho; Trevor C Bailey; David B Stephenson; Xavier Rodó ' DOI: 10.7554/eLife.11285 Journal: eLIFE Pages: e11285 Title: Evaluating probabilistic dengue risk forecasts from a prototype early warning system for Brazil Volume: 5 Year: 2016 _record_number: 24114 _uuid: d903a4ad-f3f6-484a-baaa-468f5928e740 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.7554/eLife.11285 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d903a4ad-f3f6-484a-baaa-468f5928e740.yaml identifier: d903a4ad-f3f6-484a-baaa-468f5928e740 uri: /reference/d903a4ad-f3f6-484a-baaa-468f5928e740 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Cushing, Lara J.; Madeline Wander; Rachel Morello-Frosch; Manuel Pastor; Allen Zhu; James Sadd' Institution: USC Dornsife Pages: 17 Place Published: 'Los Angeles, CA' Series Volume: Program for Environmental and Regional Equity (PERE) Publication Title: A Preliminary Environmental Equity Assessment Of California’s Cap-and-Trade Program URL: https://dornsife.usc.edu/assets/sites/242/docs/Climate_Equity_Brief_CA_Cap_and_Trade_Sept2016_FINAL2.pdf Year: 2016 _record_number: 24131 _uuid: dae0a009-a0ca-498e-ab92-12d1bd644db7 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/preliminary-environmental-equity-assessment-californias-cap-and-trade-program href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/dae0a009-a0ca-498e-ab92-12d1bd644db7.yaml identifier: dae0a009-a0ca-498e-ab92-12d1bd644db7 uri: /reference/dae0a009-a0ca-498e-ab92-12d1bd644db7 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Beard, Charles B.; Eisen, Rebecca J.; Barker, Christopher M.; Garofalo, Jada F.; Hahn, Micah; Hayden, Mary; Monaghan, Andrew J.; Ogden, Nicholas H.; Schramm, Paul J.' Book Title: 'The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment' DOI: 10.7930/J0765C7V Pages: 129–156 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: ' U.S. Global Change Research Program' Title: 'Ch. 5: Vector-borne diseases ' Year: 2016 _record_number: 19377 _uuid: dbfb7cd9-7c82-43ea-a4e2-9e2eb0b851fd reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016/chapter/vectorborne-diseases href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/dbfb7cd9-7c82-43ea-a4e2-9e2eb0b851fd.yaml identifier: dbfb7cd9-7c82-43ea-a4e2-9e2eb0b851fd uri: /reference/dbfb7cd9-7c82-43ea-a4e2-9e2eb0b851fd - attrs: Abstract: 'Objectives. To evaluate health impacts of drought during the most severe drought in California’s recorded history with a rapid assessment method.Methods. We conducted Community Assessments for Public Health Emergency Response during October through November 2015 in Tulare County and Mariposa County to evaluate household water access, acute stressors, exacerbations of chronic diseases and behavioral health issues, and financial impacts. We evaluated pairwise associations by logistic regression with pooled data.Results. By assessment area, households reported not having running water (3%–12%); impacts on finances (25%–39%), property (39%–54%), health (10%–20%), and peace of mind (33%–61%); worsening of a chronic disease (16%–46%); acute stress (8%–26%); and considering moving (14%–34%). Impacts on finances or property were each associated with impacts on health and peace of mind, and acute stress.Conclusions. Drought-impacted households might perceive physical and mental health effects and might experience financial or property impacts related to the drought.Public Health Implications. Local jurisdictions should consider implementing drought assistance programs, including behavioral health, and consider rapid assessments to inform public health action.' Author: 'Barreau, Tracy; David Conway; Karen Haught; Rebecca Jackson; Richard Kreutzer; Andrew Lockman; Sharon Minnick; Rachel Roisman; David Rozell; Svetlana Smorodinsky; Dana Tafoya; Jason A. Wilken' DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2017.303695 Issue: 5 Journal: American Journal of Public Health Pages: 783-790 Title: 'Physical, mental, and financial impacts from drought in two California counties, 2015' Volume: 107 Year: 2017 _record_number: 24142 _uuid: dde27300-db21-434e-a44e-4aae19cbe8a4 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.2105/ajph.2017.303695 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/dde27300-db21-434e-a44e-4aae19cbe8a4.yaml identifier: dde27300-db21-434e-a44e-4aae19cbe8a4 uri: /reference/dde27300-db21-434e-a44e-4aae19cbe8a4