--- - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Janowiak, Maria K.; Iverson, Louis R.; Mladenoff, David J.; Peters, Emily; Wythers, Kirk R.; Xi, Weimin; Brandt, Leslie A.; Butler, Patricia R.; Handler, Stephen D.; Shannon, P. Danielle; Swanston, Chris; Parker, Linda R.; Amman, Amy J.; Bogaczyk, Brian; Handler, Christine; Lesch, Ellen; Reich, Peter B.; Matthews, Stephen; Peters, Matthew; Prasad, Anantha; Khanal, Sami; Liu, Feng; Bal, Tara; Bronson, Dustin; Burton, Andrew; Ferris, Jim; Fosgitt, Jon; Hagan, Shawn; Johnston, Erin; Kane, Evan; Matula, Colleen; O’Connor, Ryan; Higgins, Dale; St. Pierre, Matt; Daley, Jad; Davenport, Mae; Emery, Marla R.; Fehringer, David; Hoving, Christopher L.; Johnson, Gary; Neitzel, David; Notaro, Michael; Rissman, Adena; Rittenhouse, Chadwick; Ziel, Robert' Institution: 'U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station' Pages: 247 Place Published: 'Newtown Square, PA' Series Volume: Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-136 Title: 'Forest Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment and Synthesis for Northern Wisconsin and Western Upper Michigan: A Report from the Northwoods Climate Change Response Framework Project' URL: https://www.fs.fed.us/nrs/pubs/gtr/gtr_nrs136.pdf Year: 2014 _record_number: 21270 _uuid: b76e2693-17a0-4075-b40f-6440a89d7040 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/forest-ecosystem-vulnerability-assessment-synthesis-northern-wisconsin-western-upper-michigan-report-northwoods-climate-change-response-framework-project href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b76e2693-17a0-4075-b40f-6440a89d7040.yaml identifier: b76e2693-17a0-4075-b40f-6440a89d7040 uri: /reference/b76e2693-17a0-4075-b40f-6440a89d7040 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Leard, Benjamin; Roth, Kevin' Institution: 'Resources for the Future ' Place Published: Washington DC Series Title: RFF Discussion Paper Series Volume: RFF DP 15-19-REV Title: 'Weather, Traffic Accidents and Exposure to Climate Change' URL: http://www.rff.org/files/document/file/RFF-DP-15-19-REV.pdf Year: 2016 _record_number: 21306 _uuid: b7f0265c-22da-4277-8656-6cfa9b404e60 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/weather-traffic-accidents-exposure-climate-change href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b7f0265c-22da-4277-8656-6cfa9b404e60.yaml identifier: b7f0265c-22da-4277-8656-6cfa9b404e60 uri: /reference/b7f0265c-22da-4277-8656-6cfa9b404e60 - attrs: Abstract: 'Pollinator conservation is of increasing interest in the light of managed honeybee (Apis mellifera) declines, and declines in some species of wild bees. Much work has gone into understanding the effects of habitat enhancements in agricultural systems on wild bee abundance, richness and pollination services. However, the effects of ecological restoration targeting “natural” ecological endpoints (e.g. restoring former agricultural fields to historic vegetation types or improving degraded natural lands) on wild bees have received relatively little attention, despite their potential importance for countering habitat loss. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of ecological restoration on wild bee abundance and richness, focusing on unmanaged bee communities in lands restored and managed to increase habitat availability and quality. Specifically, we assessed bee abundance and/or richness across studies comparing restored vs. unrestored treatments and studies investigating effects of specific habitat restoration techniques, such as burning, grazing, invasive plant removal and seeding. We analysed 28 studies that met our selection criteria: these represented 11 habitat types and 7 restoration techniques. Nearly all restorations associated with these studies were performed without explicit consideration of habitat needs for bees or other pollinators. The majority of restorations targeted plant community goals, which could potentially have ancillary benefits for bees. Restoration had overall positive effects on wild bee abundance and richness across multiple habitat types. Specific restoration actions, tested independently, also tended to have positive effects on wild bee richness and abundance. Synthesis and applications. We found strong evidence that ecological restoration advances wild bee conservation. This is important given that habitat loss is recognized as a leading factor in pollinator decline. Pollinator responses to land management are rarely evaluated in non-agricultural settings and so support for wild bees may be an underappreciated benefit of botanically focused management. Future restoration projects that explicitly consider the needs of wild bees could be more effective at providing nesting, foraging and other habitat resources. We encourage land managers to design and evaluate restoration projects with the habitat needs of wild bee species in mind.' Author: 'Tonietto, Rebecca K.; Larkin, Daniel J.' DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13012 Issue: 2 Journal: Journal of Applied Ecology Pages: 582-590 Title: 'Habitat restoration benefits wild bees: A meta-analysis' Volume: 55 Year: 2018 _record_number: 26616 _uuid: b892e61c-be2f-48a9-8033-6a0e1c1f0c7e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/1365-2664.13012 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b892e61c-be2f-48a9-8033-6a0e1c1f0c7e.yaml identifier: b892e61c-be2f-48a9-8033-6a0e1c1f0c7e uri: /reference/b892e61c-be2f-48a9-8033-6a0e1c1f0c7e - attrs: Abstract: 'The influence of the Laurentian Great Lakes on climate is assessed by comparing two decade-long simulations, with the lakes either included or excluded, using the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Regional Climate Model, version 4. The Great Lakes dampen the variability in near-surface air temperature across the surrounding region while reducing the amplitude of the diurnal cycle and annual cycle of air temperature. The impacts of the Great Lakes on the regional surface energy budget include an increase (decrease) in turbulent fluxes during the cold (warm) season and an increase in surface downward shortwave radiation flux during summer due to diminished atmospheric moisture and convective cloud amount. Changes in the hydrologic budget due to the presence of the Great Lakes include increases in evaporation and precipitation during October–March and decreases during May–August, along with springtime reductions in snowmelt-related runoff. Circulation responses consist of a regionwide decrease in sea level pressure in autumn–winter and an increase in summer, with enhanced ascent and descent in the two seasons, respectively. The most pronounced simulated impact of the Great Lakes on synoptic systems traversing the basin is a weakening of cold-season anticyclones.' Author: 'Notaro, Michael; Kathleen Holman; Azar Zarrin; Elody Fluck; Steve Vavrus; Val Bennington' DOI: 10.1175/jcli-d-12-00140.1 Issue: 3 Journal: Journal of Climate Keywords: 'Lake effects,Regional effects,Climate models,Regional models' Pages: 789-804 Title: Influence of the Laurentian Great Lakes on regional climate Volume: 26 Year: 2013 _record_number: 21202 _uuid: b8ba5658-e796-487b-a474-289b4fabcbae reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00140.1 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b8ba5658-e796-487b-a474-289b4fabcbae.yaml identifier: b8ba5658-e796-487b-a474-289b4fabcbae uri: /reference/b8ba5658-e796-487b-a474-289b4fabcbae - attrs: Author: 'Dierkes, Christina' Issue Number: 4 Magazine: Weine Line Pages: 3-5 Publisher: Ohio Sea Grant Title: From farm fields to wetlands URL: https://ohioseagrant.osu.edu/p/3un80 Volume: 34 Year: 2012 _record_number: 26603 _uuid: b9423491-30fe-4d8e-88cc-73b226121fc8 reftype: Magazine Article child_publication: /generic/09b51e58-871d-4800-a60b-d4b7ed7d9bed href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b9423491-30fe-4d8e-88cc-73b226121fc8.yaml identifier: b9423491-30fe-4d8e-88cc-73b226121fc8 uri: /reference/b9423491-30fe-4d8e-88cc-73b226121fc8 - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Access Date: 'May 24, 2017' Author: 'Missouri Department of Transportation,' Title: 'Traveler Information Report [web site]' URL: http://traveler.modot.org/report/modottext.aspx?type=all#tag_flood_closed Year: 2017 _record_number: 26695 _uuid: bb613b8d-1aae-425c-b4b5-5274d1460d42 reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/f55e1d02-5bf8-4347-bd92-eef7ceafc197 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/bb613b8d-1aae-425c-b4b5-5274d1460d42.yaml identifier: bb613b8d-1aae-425c-b4b5-5274d1460d42 uri: /reference/bb613b8d-1aae-425c-b4b5-5274d1460d42 - attrs: Author: 'Jiang, Liping; Fang, Xing; Stefan, Heinz G.; Jacobson, Peter C.; Pereira, Donald L.' DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.02.014 Date: 2012/05/10/ ISSN: 0304-3800 Journal: Ecological Modelling Keywords: Cisco (); Climate; Climate change; Fish habitat; Lakes; Minnesota; Simulations; Water quality; Water temperature; Dissolved oxygen Pages: 14-27 Title: Oxythermal habitat parameters and identifying cisco refuge lakes in Minnesota under future climate scenarios using variable benchmark periods Volume: 232 Year: 2012 _record_number: 26581 _uuid: bc912c7d-4203-4ce7-9279-32ccb4dc442f reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.02.014 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/bc912c7d-4203-4ce7-9279-32ccb4dc442f.yaml identifier: bc912c7d-4203-4ce7-9279-32ccb4dc442f uri: /reference/bc912c7d-4203-4ce7-9279-32ccb4dc442f - attrs: Author: 'Potts, Simon G.; Imperatriz-Fonseca, Vera; Ngo, Hien T.; Aizen, Marcelo A.; Biesmeijer, Jacobus C.; Breeze, Thomas D.; Dicks, Lynn V.; Garibaldi, Lucas A.; Hill, Rosemary; Settele, Josef; Vanbergen, Adam J.' DOI: 10.1038/nature20588 Date: 11/28/online Journal: Nature Pages: 220-229 Publisher: 'Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved.' Title: Safeguarding pollinators and their values to human well-being Type of Article: Review Article Volume: 540 Year: 2016 _record_number: 26604 _uuid: bdd0b60b-ed9c-438f-9085-41c5f4784469 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nature20588 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/bdd0b60b-ed9c-438f-9085-41c5f4784469.yaml identifier: bdd0b60b-ed9c-438f-9085-41c5f4784469 uri: /reference/bdd0b60b-ed9c-438f-9085-41c5f4784469 - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: 'USDA,' Publisher: USDA National Resources Conversation Service Title: 'Climate Change: Cover Crops and Soil Health' URL: https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/climatechange/?cid=stelprdb1077238 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21261 _uuid: bfc8851e-e2bd-4514-9e60-c2531136005a reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/a54026c5-1489-4d9b-86aa-3cdf8602cf39 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/bfc8851e-e2bd-4514-9e60-c2531136005a.yaml identifier: bfc8851e-e2bd-4514-9e60-c2531136005a uri: /reference/bfc8851e-e2bd-4514-9e60-c2531136005a - attrs: Author: 'Van Cleave, Katherine; Lenters, John D.; Wang, Jia; Verhamme, Edward M.' DOI: 10.4319/lo.2014.59.6.1889 ISSN: 1939-5590 Issue: 6 Journal: Limnology and Oceanography Pages: 1889-1898 Title: 'A regime shift in Lake Superior ice cover, evaporation, and water temperature following the warm El Niño winter of 1997–1998' Volume: 59 Year: 2014 _record_number: 21233 _uuid: bfd419cb-1989-474e-8d04-1194ea3c8be1 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.4319/lo.2014.59.6.1889 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/bfd419cb-1989-474e-8d04-1194ea3c8be1.yaml identifier: bfd419cb-1989-474e-8d04-1194ea3c8be1 uri: /reference/bfd419cb-1989-474e-8d04-1194ea3c8be1 - attrs: Author: 'Forrest, Jessica R. K.' DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2016.07.002 Date: 2016/10/01/ ISSN: 2214-5745 Journal: Current Opinion in Insect Science Pages: 49-54 Title: Complex responses of insect phenology to climate change Volume: 17 Year: 2016 _record_number: 21126 _uuid: c043d4c1-f9e5-4cf0-96a6-8a4362d13adf reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.cois.2016.07.002 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c043d4c1-f9e5-4cf0-96a6-8a4362d13adf.yaml identifier: c043d4c1-f9e5-4cf0-96a6-8a4362d13adf uri: /reference/c043d4c1-f9e5-4cf0-96a6-8a4362d13adf - attrs: Author: 'Mao, Dazhi; Cherkauer, Keith A.' DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.06.016 Date: 2009/07/30/ ISSN: 0022-1694 Issue: 1 Journal: Journal of Hydrology Keywords: Land-use change; Hydrologic responses; Evapotranspiration; Runoff Pages: 71-82 Title: Impacts of land-use change on hydrologic responses in the Great Lakes region Volume: 374 Year: 2009 _record_number: 21145 _uuid: c0c5ef70-facd-4076-ac8a-6834e7a17434 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.06.016 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c0c5ef70-facd-4076-ac8a-6834e7a17434.yaml identifier: c0c5ef70-facd-4076-ac8a-6834e7a17434 uri: /reference/c0c5ef70-facd-4076-ac8a-6834e7a17434 - attrs: Author: 'Conrad IV, Joseph L.; Demchik, Michael C.; Vokoun, Melinda M.; Evans, Alexander M.; Lynch, Michael P.' DOI: 10.5849/forsci.2016-051 Journal: Forest Science Title: "Foresters' perceptions of the frequency, cost, and rationale for seasonal timber harvesting restrictions in Wisconsin" Year: 2017 _record_number: 21236 _uuid: c1836283-c202-4f8c-99e5-4de5e47ef2a9 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.5849/forsci.2016-051 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c1836283-c202-4f8c-99e5-4de5e47ef2a9.yaml identifier: c1836283-c202-4f8c-99e5-4de5e47ef2a9 uri: /reference/c1836283-c202-4f8c-99e5-4de5e47ef2a9 - attrs: Abstract: 'The sensitivity of agricultural productivity to climate has not been sufficiently quantified. The total factor productivity (TFP) of the US agricultural economy has grown continuously for over half a century, with most of the growth typically attributed to technical change. Many studies have examined the effects of local climate on partial productivity measures such as crop yields and economic returns, but these measures cannot account for national-level impacts. Quantifying the relationships between TFP and climate is critical to understanding whether current US agricultural productivity growth will continue into the future. We analyze correlations between regional climate variations and national TFP changes, identify key climate indices, and build a multivariate regression model predicting the growth of agricultural TFP based on a physical understanding of its historical relationship with climate. We show that temperature and precipitation in distinct agricultural regions and seasons explain ∼70% of variations in TFP growth during 1981–2010. To date, the aggregate effects of these regional climate trends on TFP have been outweighed by improvements in technology. Should these relationships continue, however, the projected climate changes could cause TFP to drop by an average 2.84 to 4.34% per year under medium to high emissions scenarios. As a result, TFP could fall to pre-1980 levels by 2050 even when accounting for present rates of innovation. Our analysis provides an empirical foundation for integrated assessment by linking regional climate effects to national economic outcomes, offering a more objective resource for policy making.' Author: 'Liang, Xin-Zhong; Wu, You; Chambers, Robert G.; Schmoldt, Daniel L.; Gao, Wei; Liu, Chaoshun; Liu, Yan-An; Sun, Chao; Kennedy, Jennifer A.' DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1615922114 Date: 'March 21, 2017' Issue: 12 Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pages: E2285-E2292 Title: Determining climate effects on US total agricultural productivity Volume: 114 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21170 _uuid: c5857041-2594-47cf-a6bc-3fab052fa903 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.1615922114 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c5857041-2594-47cf-a6bc-3fab052fa903.yaml identifier: c5857041-2594-47cf-a6bc-3fab052fa903 uri: /reference/c5857041-2594-47cf-a6bc-3fab052fa903 - attrs: Abstract: "Development of extension and outreach that effectively engage farmers in climate change adaptation and/or mitigation activities can be informed by an improved understanding of farmers' perspectives on climate change and related impacts. This research employed latent class analysis (LCA) to analyze data from a survey of 4,778 farmers from 11 US Corn Belt states. The research focused on two related research questions: (1) to what degree do farmers differ on key measures of beliefs about climate change, experience with extreme weather, perceived risks to agriculture, efficacy, and level of support for public and private adaptive and mitigative action; and (2) are there potential areas of common ground among farmers? Results indicate that farmers have highly heterogeneous perspectives, and six distinct classes of farmers are identified. We label these as the following: the concerned (14%), the uneasy (25%), the uncertain (25%), the unconcerned (13%), the confident (18%), and the detached (5%). These groups of farmers differ primarily in terms of beliefs about climate change, the degree to which they had experienced extreme weather, and risk perceptions. Despite substantial differences on these variables, areas of similarity were discerned on variables measuring farmers' (1) confidence that they will be able to deal with increases in weather variability and (2) support for public and private efforts to help farmers adapt to increased weather variability. These results can inform segmented approaches to outreach that target subpopulations of farmers as well as broader engagement strategies that would reach wider populations. Further, findings suggest that strategies with specific reference to climate change might be most effective in engaging the subpopulations of farmers who believe that climate change is occurring and a threat, but that use of less charged terms such as weather variability would likely be more effective with a broader range of farmers. Outreach efforts that (1) appeal to farmers' problem solving capacity and (2) employ terms such as “weather variability” instead of more charged terms such as “climate change” are more likely to be effective with a wider farmer audience." Author: 'Arbuckle, J.G.; Hobbs, J.; Loy, A.; Morton, L.W.; Prokopy, L.S.; Tyndall, J.' DOI: 10.2489/jswc.69.6.505 Date: 'November 1, 2014' Issue: 6 Journal: Journal of Soil and Water Conservation Pages: 505-516 Title: Understanding Corn Belt farmer perspectives on climate change to inform engagement strategies for adaptation and mitigation Volume: 69 Year: 2014 _record_number: 26552 _uuid: c5dbde1e-e229-4832-8587-e6ec2ed22e94 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.2489/jswc.69.6.505 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c5dbde1e-e229-4832-8587-e6ec2ed22e94.yaml identifier: c5dbde1e-e229-4832-8587-e6ec2ed22e94 uri: /reference/c5dbde1e-e229-4832-8587-e6ec2ed22e94 - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: 'Cloud, Harold A.; Morey, R. Vance' Place Published: 'St. Paul, MN' Publisher: University of Minnesota Extension Title: Management of stored grain with aeration URL: http://www.extension.umn.edu/agriculture/small-grains/harvest/management-of-stored-grain-with-aeration/ Year: 2017 _record_number: 21254 _uuid: c65ba7e2-12f7-4a02-82c1-622c0aeb8711 reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/e89bc8e2-7c32-41a2-8d09-65a2203d6b2f href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c65ba7e2-12f7-4a02-82c1-622c0aeb8711.yaml identifier: c65ba7e2-12f7-4a02-82c1-622c0aeb8711 uri: /reference/c65ba7e2-12f7-4a02-82c1-622c0aeb8711 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Cleveland,' Institution: Cleveland Forest Coalition Pages: 57 Place Published: 'Cleveland, OH' Title: The Cleveland Tree Plan URL: http://www.city.cleveland.oh.us/sites/default/files/forms_publications/ClevelandTreePlan.pdf Year: 2015 _record_number: 21299 _uuid: c69f166d-6658-44f5-82dd-16e8130500ab reftype: Report child_publication: /report/cleveland-tree-plan href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c69f166d-6658-44f5-82dd-16e8130500ab.yaml identifier: c69f166d-6658-44f5-82dd-16e8130500ab uri: /reference/c69f166d-6658-44f5-82dd-16e8130500ab - attrs: Abstract: 'Terrestrial ecosystems have encountered substantial warming over the past century, with temperatures increasing about twice as rapidly over land as over the oceans. Here, we review the likelihood of continued changes in terrestrial climate, including analyses of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project global climate model ensemble. Inertia toward continued emissions creates potential 21st-century global warming that is comparable in magnitude to that of the largest global changes in the past 65 million years but is orders of magnitude more rapid. The rate of warming implies a velocity of climate change and required range shifts of up to several kilometers per year, raising the prospect of daunting challenges for ecosystems, especially in the context of extensive land use and degradation, changes in frequency and severity of extreme events, and interactions with other stresses.' Author: 'Diffenbaugh, N. S.; Field, C. B.' Author Address: 'Department of Environmental Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. diffenbaugh@stanford.edu' DOI: 10.1126/science.1237123 Database Provider: CCII PubMed NLM Date: Aug 2 EPub Date: 2013/08/03 ISSN: "1095-9203 (Electronic)\r0036-8075 (Linking)" Issue: 6145 Journal: Science Keywords: 'Climate Change; Ecology; Ecosystem; Forecasting; Global Warming; Humans; Models, Theoretical; Temperature' Language: eng NIHMSID: ' NIEHS' Name of Database: ' ' Pages: 486-92 Title: Changes in ecologically critical terrestrial climate conditions Volume: 341 Year: 2013 _record_number: 4324 _uuid: c7d9e476-f293-40b4-99aa-e0fd007869d4 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1126/science.1237123 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c7d9e476-f293-40b4-99aa-e0fd007869d4.yaml identifier: c7d9e476-f293-40b4-99aa-e0fd007869d4 uri: /reference/c7d9e476-f293-40b4-99aa-e0fd007869d4 - attrs: Author: 'Magee, Madeline R.; Wu, Chin H.' DOI: 10.5194/hess-21-6253-2017 ISSN: 1607-7938 Issue: 12 Journal: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Pages: 6253-6274 Publisher: Copernicus Publications Title: Response of water temperatures and stratification to changing climate in three lakes with different morphometry Volume: 21 Year: 2017 _record_number: 26594 _uuid: c9240a66-85a7-430d-82a0-bc895f35d143 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.5194/hess-21-6253-2017 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c9240a66-85a7-430d-82a0-bc895f35d143.yaml identifier: c9240a66-85a7-430d-82a0-bc895f35d143 uri: /reference/c9240a66-85a7-430d-82a0-bc895f35d143 - attrs: Abstract: 'We developed the ecosystem vulnerability assessment approach (EVAA) to help inform potential adaptation actions in response to a changing climate. EVAA combines multiple quantitative models and expert elicitation from scientists and land managers. In each of eight assessment areas, a panel of local experts determined potential vulnerability of forest ecosystems to climate change over the next century using EVAA. Vulnerability and uncertainty ratings for forest community types in each assessment area were developed. The vulnerability of individual forest types to climate change varied by region due to regional differences in how climate change is expected to affect system drivers, stressors, and dominant species and the capacity of a forest community to adapt. This assessment process is a straightforward and flexible approach to addressing the key components of vulnerability in a collaborative setting and can easily be applied to a range of forest ecosystems at local to regional scales.

Management and Policy Implications Forest managers can use vulnerability assessments to help understand which species and ecosystems may be at greatest risk in a changing climate. Vulnerability assessments explain what systems are the most (and least) vulnerable, and, more important, why they are vulnerable. We developed the ecosystem vulnerability assessment approach (EVAA) for forest managers and scientists to collaboratively assess forest ecosystem vulnerability. We applied EVAA to eight regions in the Midwest and Northeast totaling 252 million acres. Although we have applied EVAA at the ecoregional scale, it is flexible enough to be used at larger or smaller scales, depending on the needs of managers. Results from assessments using EVAA have been successfully applied to forest management decisions across the Midwest and Northeast by nongovernmental, private, and government forest managers. How this information is applied depends on the specific goals and objectives of different places and ownerships.' Author: 'Brandt, Leslie A.; Butler, Patricia R.; Handler, Stephen D.; Janowiak, Maria K.; Shannon, P. Danielle; Swanston, Christopher W.' DOI: 10.5849/jof.15-147 Date: // Issue: 3 Journal: Journal of Forestry Keywords: adaptive capacity; climate change adaptation; climate change vulnerability; climate impact assessment; expert elicitation; uncertainty Pages: 212-221 Title: Integrating science and management to assess forest ecosystem vulnerability to climate change Volume: 115 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21240 _uuid: c94e7da1-3648-49d7-8dc2-6ca97ec26738 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.5849/jof.15-147 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c94e7da1-3648-49d7-8dc2-6ca97ec26738.yaml identifier: c94e7da1-3648-49d7-8dc2-6ca97ec26738 uri: /reference/c94e7da1-3648-49d7-8dc2-6ca97ec26738 - attrs: Author: 'Herb, William R.; Johnson, Lucinda B.; Jacobson, Peter C.; Stefan, Heinz G.' DOI: 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0535 Date: 2014/09/01 ISSN: 0706-652X Issue: 9 Journal: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Pages: 1334-1348 Publisher: NRC Research Press Title: Projecting cold-water fish habitat in lakes of the glacial lakes region under changing land use and climate regimes Volume: 71 Year: 2014 _record_number: 26572 _uuid: c984f123-572c-4860-8068-254224730887 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0535 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c984f123-572c-4860-8068-254224730887.yaml identifier: c984f123-572c-4860-8068-254224730887 uri: /reference/c984f123-572c-4860-8068-254224730887 - attrs: Author: 'Tomer, Mark D.; Schilling, Keith E.' DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.07.029 Date: 2009/09/30/ ISSN: 0022-1694 Issue: 1 Journal: Journal of Hydrology Keywords: Ecohydrology; Climate change; Land use change; Gulf of Mexico hypoxia; Watershed analysis; US Midwest Pages: 24-33 Title: A simple approach to distinguish land-use and climate-change effects on watershed hydrology Volume: 376 Year: 2009 _record_number: 26615 _uuid: c9d0a7e9-2bba-48cb-bd53-9e8c4209976d reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.07.029 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c9d0a7e9-2bba-48cb-bd53-9e8c4209976d.yaml identifier: c9d0a7e9-2bba-48cb-bd53-9e8c4209976d uri: /reference/c9d0a7e9-2bba-48cb-bd53-9e8c4209976d - attrs: Abstract: 'The development of climate change policy in cities has been closely tied to the efforts of particular individuals, policy entrepreneurs. However, there is still much we do not know about the conditions underlying the emergence and spread of policy entrepreneurship both generally and in support of climate change policies specifically. In this paper, we shed light on these issues using data from 371 mid-sized cities throughout the Great Lakes region of the USA. Building upon scholarship from the public choice literature, we explore the role that fragmentation, that is, the number of independent but connected governmental units both within the city itself as well as in the city’s regional metropolitan or micropolitan area play in explaining the emergence of climate entrepreneurship. We show that not only does fragmentation at both of these levels help predict the emergence of climate change entrepreneurs in individual cities, but also exchanges between these levels could drive the rapid development of policy entrepreneurship and related policy innovations throughout urban systems.' Author: 'Kalafatis, Scott E.; Lemos, Maria Carmen' DOI: 10.1007/s10113-017-1154-0 Date: August 01 ISSN: 1436-378X Issue: 6 Journal: Regional Environmental Change Pages: 1791-1799 Title: The emergence of climate change policy entrepreneurs in urban regions Type of Article: journal article Volume: 17 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21323 _uuid: c9ef5059-729c-4701-ad9a-da15255bd5ca reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10113-017-1154-0 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c9ef5059-729c-4701-ad9a-da15255bd5ca.yaml identifier: c9ef5059-729c-4701-ad9a-da15255bd5ca uri: /reference/c9ef5059-729c-4701-ad9a-da15255bd5ca - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'De Lucia, M.; Assennato, D.' Institution: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Place Published: 'Rome, Italy' Series Volume: FAO Agricultural Services Bulletin No. 93 Title: 'Agricultural engineering in development: Post-harvest operations and management of foodgrains' URL: http://www.fao.org/docrep/t0522e/t0522e00.htm Year: 1994 _record_number: 21255 _uuid: ca4947dc-278d-4b27-9c86-5a6a442575dc reftype: Report child_publication: /report/agricultural-engineering-development-post-harvest-operations-management-foodgrains href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ca4947dc-278d-4b27-9c86-5a6a442575dc.yaml identifier: ca4947dc-278d-4b27-9c86-5a6a442575dc uri: /reference/ca4947dc-278d-4b27-9c86-5a6a442575dc - attrs: Author: 'JOC ,' ISSN: 15423867 Journal: Journal of Commerce Title: High Water Forces Upper Mississippi River Closure Volume: 04 Jun Year: 2013 _record_number: 21303 _uuid: cad15039-4add-470a-bac2-adeb08e201c4 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/high-water-forces-upper-mississippi-river-closure href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/cad15039-4add-470a-bac2-adeb08e201c4.yaml identifier: cad15039-4add-470a-bac2-adeb08e201c4 uri: /reference/cad15039-4add-470a-bac2-adeb08e201c4