--- - attrs: Abstract: 'There is an increasing demand for climate science that decision-makers can readily use to address issues created by climate variability and climate change. To be usable, the science must be relevant to their context and the complex management challenges they face and credible and legitimate in their eyes. The literature on usable science provides guiding principles for its development, which indicate that climate scientists who want to participate in the process need skills in addition to their traditional disciplinary training to facilitate communicating, interacting, and developing and sustaining relationships with stakeholders outside their disciplines. However, the literature does not address questions about what specific skills are needed and how to provide climate scientists with these skills. To address these questions, this article presents insights from interviews with highly experienced and respected "first generation” climate science integrators from across the United States. The term “climate science integrator” is used to refer to climate scientists who specialize in helping decision-makers to integrate the best available climate science into their decision-making processes. The cadre of scientists who participated in the research has largely developed their methods for working successfully with stakeholders without formal training but often with the guidance of a mentor. Their collective wisdom illuminates the kinds of skills needed to be a successful science integrator and provides mentoring for aspiring science integrators. It also suggests the types of training that would cultivate these skills and indicates ways to change academic training and institutions to better encourage the next generation and to support this kind of work.' Author: 'Brugger, Julie; Alison Meadow; Alexandra Horangic' DOI: 10.1175/bams-d-14-00289.1 Issue: 3 Journal: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Pages: 355-365 Title: Lessons from first-generation climate science integrators Volume: 97 Year: 2016 _record_number: 26557 _uuid: cae103f0-9122-4dd7-b609-8e6ec0c1ceff reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1175/bams-d-14-00289.1 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/cae103f0-9122-4dd7-b609-8e6ec0c1ceff.yaml identifier: cae103f0-9122-4dd7-b609-8e6ec0c1ceff uri: /reference/cae103f0-9122-4dd7-b609-8e6ec0c1ceff - attrs: Author: 'Prokopy, Linda Stalker; Carlton, J. Stuart; Haigh, Tonya; Lemos, Maria Carmen; Mase, Amber Saylor; Widhalm, Melissa' DOI: 10.1016/j.crm.2016.10.004 Date: 2017/01/01/ ISSN: 2212-0963 Journal: Climate Risk Management Keywords: Co-production; Climate change; Midwestern U.S.; Corn producers; Agricultural advisors; Interdisciplinary Pages: 1-7 Title: 'Useful to usable: Developing usable climate science for agriculture' Volume: 15 Year: 2017 _record_number: 26626 _uuid: cc425aea-53c5-4bce-a66d-a62212048633 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.crm.2016.10.004 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/cc425aea-53c5-4bce-a66d-a62212048633.yaml identifier: cc425aea-53c5-4bce-a66d-a62212048633 uri: /reference/cc425aea-53c5-4bce-a66d-a62212048633 - attrs: Abstract: 'Prairie strips are a new conservation technology designed to alleviate biodiversity loss and environmental damage associated with row-crop agriculture. Results from a multiyear, catchment-scale experiment comparing corn and soybean fields with and without prairie vegetation indicated prairie strips raised pollinator and bird abundance, decreased water runoff, and increased soil and nutrient retention. These benefits accrued at levels disproportionately greater than the land area occupied by prairie strips. Social surveys revealed demand among both farm and nonfarm populations for the outcomes prairie strips produced. We estimated prairie strips could be used to improve biodiversity and ecosystem services across 3.9 million ha of cropland in Iowa and a large portion of the 69 million ha under similar management in the United States.Loss of biodiversity and degradation of ecosystem services from agricultural lands remain important challenges in the United States despite decades of spending on natural resource management. To date, conservation investment has emphasized engineering practices or vegetative strategies centered on monocultural plantings of nonnative plants, largely excluding native species from cropland. In a catchment-scale experiment, we quantified the multiple effects of integrating strips of native prairie species amid corn and soybean crops, with prairie strips arranged to arrest run-off on slopes. Replacing 10% of cropland with prairie strips increased biodiversity and ecosystem services with minimal impacts on crop production. Compared with catchments containing only crops, integrating prairie strips into cropland led to greater catchment-level insect taxa richness (2.6-fold), pollinator abundance (3.5-fold), native bird species richness (2.1-fold), and abundance of bird species of greatest conservation need (2.1-fold). Use of prairie strips also reduced total water runoff from catchments by 37%, resulting in retention of 20 times more soil and 4.3 times more phosphorus. Corn and soybean yields for catchments with prairie strips decreased only by the amount of the area taken out of crop production. Social survey results indicated demand among both farming and nonfarming populations for the environmental outcomes produced by prairie strips. If federal and state policies were aligned to promote prairie strips, the practice would be applicable to 3.9 million ha of cropland in Iowa alone.' Author: 'Schulte, Lisa A.; Niemi, Jarad; Helmers, Matthew J.; Liebman, Matt; Arbuckle, J. Gordon; James, David E.; Kolka, Randall K.; O’Neal, Matthew E.; Tomer, Mark D.; Tyndall, John C.; Asbjornsen, Heidi; Drobney, Pauline; Neal, Jeri; Van Ryswyk, Gary; Witte, Chris' DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1620229114 Issue: 42 Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pages: 11247-11252 Title: Prairie strips improve biodiversity and the delivery of multiple ecosystem services from corn–soybean croplands Volume: 114 Year: 2017 _record_number: 26607 _uuid: cf5cd564-9f71-4025-93e5-9407832bd93e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.1620229114 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/cf5cd564-9f71-4025-93e5-9407832bd93e.yaml identifier: cf5cd564-9f71-4025-93e5-9407832bd93e uri: /reference/cf5cd564-9f71-4025-93e5-9407832bd93e - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Ewert, DavidN; Hall, KimberlyR; Smith, RobertJ; Rodewald, PaulG' Book Title: Phenological Synchrony and Bird Migration DOI: 10.1201/b18011-4 Editor: Eric M. Wood; Jherime L. Kellermann ISBN: 978-1-4822-4030-6 Number of Volumes: 0 Pages: 17-46 Publisher: CRC Press Series Title: Studies in Avian Biology Title: 'Landbird stopover in the Great Lakes region: Integrating habitat use and climate change in conservation' Year: 2015 _record_number: 21242 _uuid: d19382cb-6fd4-47f1-b3e2-a1f93a64bbfb reftype: Book Section child_publication: /book/phenological-synchrony-bird-migration-changing-climate-seasonal-resources-north-america href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d19382cb-6fd4-47f1-b3e2-a1f93a64bbfb.yaml identifier: d19382cb-6fd4-47f1-b3e2-a1f93a64bbfb uri: /reference/d19382cb-6fd4-47f1-b3e2-a1f93a64bbfb - attrs: .publisher: Nature Publishing Group .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Mallakpour, Iman; Villarini, Gabriele' DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2516 Date: 03//print ISSN: 1758-678X Issue: 3 Journal: Nature Climate Change Pages: 250-254 Title: The changing nature of flooding across the central United States Volume: 5 Year: 2015 _record_number: 19562 _uuid: d2af0d06-91aa-4e53-99e1-4dad2ac9195a reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nclimate2516 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d2af0d06-91aa-4e53-99e1-4dad2ac9195a.yaml identifier: d2af0d06-91aa-4e53-99e1-4dad2ac9195a uri: /reference/d2af0d06-91aa-4e53-99e1-4dad2ac9195a - attrs: Author: 'Abel, David; Holloway, Tracey; Harkey, Monica; Rrushaj, Arber; Brinkman, Greg; Duran, Phillip; Janssen, Mark; Denholm, Paul' DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.11.049 Date: 2018/02/01/ ISSN: 1352-2310 Journal: Atmospheric Environment Keywords: Solar energy; Air quality; Particulate matter; PM; Electricity; Renewable energy; Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ); GridView; Co-benefits; Public health; Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program (BenMAP); AVoided Emissions and geneRation Tool (AVERT) Pages: 65-74 Title: Potential air quality benefits from increased solar photovoltaic electricity generation in the Eastern United States Volume: 175 Year: 2018 _record_number: 26551 _uuid: d31183df-dd19-4463-b517-e6748e6d709b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.11.049 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d31183df-dd19-4463-b517-e6748e6d709b.yaml identifier: d31183df-dd19-4463-b517-e6748e6d709b uri: /reference/d31183df-dd19-4463-b517-e6748e6d709b - attrs: Author: 'Brink, Ebba; Aalders, Theodor; Ádám, Dóra; Feller, Robert; Henselek, Yuki; Hoffmann, Alexander; Ibe, Karin; Matthey-Doret, Aude; Meyer, Moritz; Negrut, N. Lucian; Rau, Anna-Lena; Riewerts, Bente; von Schuckmann, Lukas; Törnros, Sara; von Wehrden, Henrik; Abson, David J.; Wamsler, Christine' DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.11.003 Date: 2016/01/01/ ISSN: 0959-3780 Journal: Global Environmental Change Keywords: Disaster risk reduction; Ecosystem-based management; Ecosystem services cascade model; Green and blue infrastructure; Nature-based solutions; Resilience Pages: 111-123 Title: 'Cascades of green: A review of ecosystem-based adaptation in urban areas' Volume: 36 Year: 2016 _record_number: 26555 _uuid: d52d9be3-cae5-4190-af7e-b5a188d5869f reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.11.003 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d52d9be3-cae5-4190-af7e-b5a188d5869f.yaml identifier: d52d9be3-cae5-4190-af7e-b5a188d5869f uri: /reference/d52d9be3-cae5-4190-af7e-b5a188d5869f - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Anderson, Chris; Claman, David; Mantilla, Ricardo' Institution: 'Iowa State University, Institute for Transportation' Pages: 45 Place Published: 'Ames, IA' Report Number: HEPN-707 Title: Iowa’s Bridge and Highway Climate Change and Extreme Weather Vulnerability Assessment Pilot URL: http://www.intrans.iastate.edu/research/documents/research-reports/IA_climate_change_vulnerability_assess_w_cvr1.pdf Year: 2015 _record_number: 26611 _uuid: d6d1d2b6-1072-441f-9a44-727bd2834d47 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/iowas-bridge-highway-climate-change-extreme-weather-vulnerability-assessment-pilot href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d6d1d2b6-1072-441f-9a44-727bd2834d47.yaml identifier: d6d1d2b6-1072-441f-9a44-727bd2834d47 uri: /reference/d6d1d2b6-1072-441f-9a44-727bd2834d47 - attrs: Author: 'McEwan, Ryan W.; Dyer, James M.; Pederson, Neil' DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2010.06390.x ISSN: 1600-0587 Issue: 2 Journal: Ecography Pages: 244-256 Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd Title: 'Multiple interacting ecosystem drivers: Toward an encompassing hypothesis of oak forest dynamics across eastern North America' Volume: 34 Year: 2011 _record_number: 21192 _uuid: d7cd72b7-d121-4531-ba5a-35e7541ff578 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2010.06390.x href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d7cd72b7-d121-4531-ba5a-35e7541ff578.yaml identifier: d7cd72b7-d121-4531-ba5a-35e7541ff578 uri: /reference/d7cd72b7-d121-4531-ba5a-35e7541ff578 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Posey, John' Book Title: 'St. Louis Currents: The Fifth Edition' Editor: Andrew Theising; E. Terrence Jones ISBN: 9781681060194 Place Published: 'St. Louis, MO' Publisher: Reedy Press Title: 'St. Louis in the Anthropocene: Responding to Global Environmental Change' Year: 2016 _record_number: 21312 _uuid: d9754ccb-d173-4624-8e6a-1efb9a37b556 reftype: Book Section child_publication: /book/319c3027-5b6f-4282-87b1-196fdba9f201 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d9754ccb-d173-4624-8e6a-1efb9a37b556.yaml identifier: d9754ccb-d173-4624-8e6a-1efb9a37b556 uri: /reference/d9754ccb-d173-4624-8e6a-1efb9a37b556 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Palecki, M.A.\rChangnon, S.A.\rKunkel, K.E." DOI: 10.1175/1520-0477(2001)082<1353:TNAIOT>2.3.CO;2 Journal: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Pages: 1353-1368 Title: 'The nature and impacts of the July 1999 heat wave in the midwestern United States: Learning from the lessons of 1995' URL: http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/1520-0477%282001%29082%3C1353%3ATNAIOT%3E2.3.CO%3B2 Volume: 82 Year: 2001 _chapter: '["Ch. 18: Midwest FINAL"]' _record_number: 2405 _uuid: dac369a3-921e-426f-b4a2-5798dfb9c515 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1175/1520-0477(2001)082%3C1353:TNAIOT%3E2.3.CO;2 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/dac369a3-921e-426f-b4a2-5798dfb9c515.yaml identifier: dac369a3-921e-426f-b4a2-5798dfb9c515 uri: /reference/dac369a3-921e-426f-b4a2-5798dfb9c515 - attrs: Article Number: art68 Author: 'Cline, Timothy J.; Kitchell, James F.; Bennington, Val; McKinley, Galen A.; Moody, Eric K.; Weidel, Brian C.' DOI: 10.1890/ES14-00059.1 ISSN: 2150-8925 Issue: 6 Journal: Ecosphere Keywords: adaptive management; climate change; Great Lakes; host; invasive species; Lake Superior; lake trout; parasite; sea lamprey Pages: 1-13 Publisher: Ecological Society of America Title: 'Climate impacts on landlocked sea lamprey: Implications for host-parasite interactions and invasive species management' Volume: 5 Year: 2014 _record_number: 21226 _uuid: db8b5f26-296a-4cd4-8c49-de8ca8c8b39d reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1890/ES14-00059.1 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/db8b5f26-296a-4cd4-8c49-de8ca8c8b39d.yaml identifier: db8b5f26-296a-4cd4-8c49-de8ca8c8b39d uri: /reference/db8b5f26-296a-4cd4-8c49-de8ca8c8b39d - attrs: Author: 'Hewitt, Bailey; Lopez, Lianna; Gaibisels, Katrina; Murdoch, Alyssa; Higgins, Scott; Magnuson, John; Paterson, Andrew; Rusak, James; Yao, Huaxia; Sharma, Sapna' DOI: 10.3390/w10010070 ISSN: 2073-4441 Issue: 1 Journal: Water Pages: '[16]' Title: 'Historical trends, drivers, and future projections of ice phenology in small north temperate lakes in the Laurentian Great Lakes region' Volume: 10 Year: 2018 _record_number: 26573 _uuid: dc6e5f3e-4fda-4248-bb19-f225bd486023 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3390/w10010070 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/dc6e5f3e-4fda-4248-bb19-f225bd486023.yaml identifier: dc6e5f3e-4fda-4248-bb19-f225bd486023 uri: /reference/dc6e5f3e-4fda-4248-bb19-f225bd486023 - attrs: .reference_type: 9 DOI: 10.7930/J0Z31WJ2 Editor: 'Melillo, Jerry M.; Richmond, Terese (T.C.); Yohe, Gary W.' ISBN: 9780160924026 Number of Pages: 841 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: 'Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment' URL: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov Year: 2014 _chapter: '["Ch. 0: About this Report FINAL"]' _record_number: 4692 _uuid: dd5b893d-4462-4bb3-9205-67b532919566 reftype: Edited Book child_publication: /report/nca3 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/dd5b893d-4462-4bb3-9205-67b532919566.yaml identifier: dd5b893d-4462-4bb3-9205-67b532919566 uri: /reference/dd5b893d-4462-4bb3-9205-67b532919566 - attrs: .publisher: Springer Netherlands .reference_type: 0 Alternate Journal: Climatic Change Author: "Voggesser, Garrit\rLynn, Kathy\rDaigle, John\rLake, Frank K.\rRanco, Darren" DOI: 10.1007/s10584-013-0733-4 Date: October 2013 Epub Date: 2013/03/29 ISSN: 0165-0009 Issue: 3 Journal: Climatic Change Language: English Pages: 615-626 Title: Cultural impacts to tribes from climate change influences on forests Volume: 120 Year: 2013 _chapter: '["Ch. 12: Indigenous FINAL","RG 6 Northwest","Ch. 1: Overview FINAL","Ch. 21: Northwest FINAL"]' _record_number: 3852 _uuid: debdf209-4050-4706-965c-09cff7ec353b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10584-013-0733-4 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/debdf209-4050-4706-965c-09cff7ec353b.yaml identifier: debdf209-4050-4706-965c-09cff7ec353b uri: /reference/debdf209-4050-4706-965c-09cff7ec353b - attrs: Author: 'Trebitz, Anett S.; Brazner, John C.; Danz, Nicholas P.; Pearson, Mark S.; Peterson, Gregory S.; Tanner, Danny K.; Taylor, Debra L.; West, Corlis W.; Hollenhorst, Thomas P.' DOI: 10.1139/F09-089 Date: 2009/08/01 ISSN: 0706-652X Issue: 8 Journal: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Pages: 1328-1342 Publisher: NRC Research Press Title: 'Geographic, anthropogenic, and habitat influences on Great Lakes coastal wetland fish assemblages' Volume: 66 Year: 2009 _record_number: 21198 _uuid: ded027fd-145a-4641-ad12-8d2281b176ca reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1139/F09-089 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ded027fd-145a-4641-ad12-8d2281b176ca.yaml identifier: ded027fd-145a-4641-ad12-8d2281b176ca uri: /reference/ded027fd-145a-4641-ad12-8d2281b176ca - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Babadoost, Mohammad' Institution: University of Illinois Extension Pages: 7 Place Published: 'Urbana-Champagne, IL' Series Volume: Report on Plant Disease RPD No. 950 Title: The fruit rots of pumpkin URL: http://extension.cropsciences.illinois.edu/fruitveg/pdfs/950_fruits_rots_pumpkin.pdf Year: 2012 _record_number: 21252 _uuid: e09f51d0-1c68-4ad4-b09a-1c2cb6929367 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/fruit-rots-pumpkin href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e09f51d0-1c68-4ad4-b09a-1c2cb6929367.yaml identifier: e09f51d0-1c68-4ad4-b09a-1c2cb6929367 uri: /reference/e09f51d0-1c68-4ad4-b09a-1c2cb6929367 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'McConnell, Eric' Institution: Ohio State University Extension Pages: 8 Place Published: 'Columbus, OH' Series Volume: 'Fact Sheet: Agriculture and Natural Resources F-80-12' Title: Ohio's forest Economy URL: http://ohiowood.osu.edu/images/OH_Forest_Economy.pdf Year: 2012 _record_number: 21274 _uuid: e228834a-2d75-4183-a972-ecb51b7f4455 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/ohios-forest-economy href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e228834a-2d75-4183-a972-ecb51b7f4455.yaml identifier: e228834a-2d75-4183-a972-ecb51b7f4455 uri: /reference/e228834a-2d75-4183-a972-ecb51b7f4455 - attrs: Author: 'van Vuuren, Detlef P.; Riahi, Keywan; Moss, Richard; Edmonds, Jae; Thomson, Allison; Nakicenovic, Nebojsa; Kram, Tom; Berkhout, Frans; Swart, Rob; Janetos, Anthony; Rose, Steven K.; Arnell, Nigel' DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.08.002 Date: 2012/02/01/ ISSN: 0959-3780 Issue: 1 Journal: Global Environmental Change Keywords: Climate change; Scenario analysis; Integrated assessment; Mitigation; Adaptation; Climate impacts Pages: 21-35 Title: A proposal for a new scenario framework to support research and assessment in different climate research communities Volume: 22 Year: 2012 _record_number: 21140 _uuid: e2515586-169f-4e99-8499-9887f7c5c977 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.08.002 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e2515586-169f-4e99-8499-9887f7c5c977.yaml identifier: e2515586-169f-4e99-8499-9887f7c5c977 uri: /reference/e2515586-169f-4e99-8499-9887f7c5c977 - attrs: Abstract: 'Forest disturbances are sensitive to climate. However, our understanding of disturbance dynamics in response to climatic changes remains incomplete, particularly regarding large-scale patterns, interaction effects and dampening feedbacks. Here we provide a global synthesis of climate change effects on important abiotic (fire, drought, wind, snow and ice) and biotic (insects and pathogens) disturbance agents. Warmer and drier conditions particularly facilitate fire, drought and insect disturbances, while warmer and wetter conditions increase disturbances from wind and pathogens. Widespread interactions between agents are likely to amplify disturbances, while indirect climate effects such as vegetation changes can dampen long-term disturbance sensitivities to climate. Future changes in disturbance are likely to be most pronounced in coniferous forests and the boreal biome. We conclude that both ecosystems and society should be prepared for an increasingly disturbed future of forests.' Author: 'Seidl, Rupert; Thom, Dominik; Kautz, Markus; Martin-Benito, Dario; Peltoniemi, Mikko; Vacchiano, Giorgio; Wild, Jan; Ascoli, Davide; Petr, Michal; Honkaniemi, Juha; Lexer, Manfred J.; Trotsiuk, Volodymyr; Mairota, Paola; Svoboda, Miroslav; Fabrika, Marek; Nagel, Thomas A.; Reyer, Christopher P. O.' DOI: 10.1038/nclimate3303 Date: 06//print ISSN: 1758-678X Issue: 6 Journal: Nature Climate Change Pages: 395-402 Publisher: 'Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.' Title: Forest disturbances under climate change Type of Article: Review Volume: 7 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21161 _uuid: e2bfdf4e-c37c-4b33-9370-fc6db9166d4f reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nclimate3303 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e2bfdf4e-c37c-4b33-9370-fc6db9166d4f.yaml identifier: e2bfdf4e-c37c-4b33-9370-fc6db9166d4f uri: /reference/e2bfdf4e-c37c-4b33-9370-fc6db9166d4f - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Wisconsin Climate and Health Program,' Institution: Wisconsin Department of Health Services Pages: 2 Place Published: 'Madison, WI' Report Number: P-00709 Title: Understanding the link between climate and health URL: https://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/publications/p0/p00709.pdf Year: 2015 _record_number: 26622 _uuid: e3139f21-797c-4d60-8099-6efe715f64bc reftype: Report child_publication: /report/understanding-link-between-climate-health href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e3139f21-797c-4d60-8099-6efe715f64bc.yaml identifier: e3139f21-797c-4d60-8099-6efe715f64bc uri: /reference/e3139f21-797c-4d60-8099-6efe715f64bc - attrs: Abstract: 'Species distribution models (SDM) establish statistical relationships between the current distribution of species and key attributes whereas process-based models simulate ecosystem and tree species dynamics based on representations of physical and biological processes. TreeAtlas, which uses DISTRIB SDM, and Linkages and LANDIS PRO, process-based ecosystem and landscape models, respectively, were used concurrently on four regional climate change assessments in the eastern Unites States.' Author: 'Iverson, Louis R.; Thompson, Frank R.; Matthews, Stephen; Peters, Matthew; Prasad, Anantha; Dijak, William D.; Fraser, Jacob; Wang, Wen J.; Hanberry, Brice; He, Hong; Janowiak, Maria; Butler, Patricia; Brandt, Leslie; Swanston, Christopher' DOI: 10.1007/s10980-016-0404-8 Date: July 01 ISSN: 1572-9761 Issue: 7 Journal: Landscape Ecology Pages: 1327-1346 Title: 'Multi-model comparison on the effects of climate change on tree species in the eastern U.S.: Results from an enhanced niche model and process-based ecosystem and landscape models' Type of Article: journal article Volume: 32 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21120 _uuid: e3a1fd13-e8f9-4f15-a31c-ad6c2613e685 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10980-016-0404-8 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e3a1fd13-e8f9-4f15-a31c-ad6c2613e685.yaml identifier: e3a1fd13-e8f9-4f15-a31c-ad6c2613e685 uri: /reference/e3a1fd13-e8f9-4f15-a31c-ad6c2613e685 - attrs: Abstract: 'The disease burden due to heat-stress illness (HSI), which can result in significant morbidity and mortality, is expected to increase as the climate continues to warm. In the United States (U.S.) much of what is known about HSI epidemiology is from analyses of urban heat waves. There is limited research addressing whether HSI hospitalization risk varies between urban and rural areas, nor is much known about additional diagnoses of patients hospitalized for HSI.' Author: 'Jagai, Jyotsna S.; Grossman, Elena; Navon, Livia; Sambanis, Apostolis; Dorevitch, Samuel' DOI: 10.1186/s12940-017-0245-1 Date: April 07 ISSN: 1476-069X Issue: 1 Journal: Environmental Health Pages: 38 Title: 'Hospitalizations for heat-stress illness varies between rural and urban areas: An analysis of Illinois data, 1987–2014' Type of Article: journal article Volume: 16 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21209 _uuid: e518fff1-caa5-4ed1-8fdc-b512da7cbe3b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1186/s12940-017-0245-1 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e518fff1-caa5-4ed1-8fdc-b512da7cbe3b.yaml identifier: e518fff1-caa5-4ed1-8fdc-b512da7cbe3b uri: /reference/e518fff1-caa5-4ed1-8fdc-b512da7cbe3b - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Delta Institute,' Institution: Delta Institute Pages: 70 Place Published: 'Chicago, IL' Title: 'Green Infrastructure Designs: Scalable Solutions to Local Challenges' URL: http://delta-institute.org/delta/wp-content/uploads/Green-Infrastructure-Designs-July-2015.pdf Year: 2015 _record_number: 21300 _uuid: e611137a-7d8d-4fda-be01-d438c7c25ec2 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/green-infrastructure-designs-scalable-solutions-local-challenges href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e611137a-7d8d-4fda-be01-d438c7c25ec2.yaml identifier: e611137a-7d8d-4fda-be01-d438c7c25ec2 uri: /reference/e611137a-7d8d-4fda-be01-d438c7c25ec2 - attrs: Abstract: 'Simulations from 18 coupled atmosphere–ocean GCMs are analyzed to predict changes in the climatological Great Plains low-level jet (GPLLJ) and Midwest U.S. hydrology resulting from greenhouse gas increases during the twenty-first century. To build confidence in the prediction, models are selected for analysis based on their twentieth-century simulations, and their simulations of the future are diagnosed to ensure that the response is reasonable. Confidence in the model projections is also bolstered by agreement among models, in a so-called multimodel ensemble, and by analogy with present-day interannual variability. The GCMs agree that the GPLLJ will be more intense in April, May, and June in the future. The selected models even agree on the reason for this intensification, namely, a westward extension and strengthening of the North Atlantic subtropical high (the Bermuda high) that occurs when greenhouse gas–induced warming over the continental United States exceeds that of the subtropical Atlantic in the spring. Accompanying the changes in the GPLLJ are springtime precipitation increases of 20%–40% in the upper Mississippi Valley, which are closely associated with intensified meridional moisture convergence by the jet, with decreases to the south, which results in reduced moist static stability in the region. The simulated differences in the Midwest circulation and hydrology in the spring for the twenty-first century are similar to the observed moisture balance and circulation anomalies for May and, especially, June of 1993, a year of devastating floods throughout the Mississippi Valley.' Author: 'Cook, Kerry H.; Edward K. Vizy; Zachary S. Launer; Christina M. Patricola' DOI: 10.1175/2008jcli2355.1 Issue: 23 Journal: Journal of Climate Keywords: 'Jet,Precipitation,North America,Coupled models' Pages: 6321-6340 Title: Springtime intensification of the Great Plains low-level jet and midwest precipitation in GCM simulations of the twenty-first century Volume: 21 Year: 2008 _record_number: 21200 _uuid: e6bbc070-a723-4341-be6e-09bbd3248a20 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1175/2008jcli2355.1 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e6bbc070-a723-4341-be6e-09bbd3248a20.yaml identifier: e6bbc070-a723-4341-be6e-09bbd3248a20 uri: /reference/e6bbc070-a723-4341-be6e-09bbd3248a20 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Henderson, James E.; Munn, Ian A.' Institution: ' Illinois Forestry Development Council' Pages: 22 Place Published: 'Springfield, IL' Title: 'Forestry in Illinois-The Impact of the Forest Products Industry on the Illinois Economy: An Input-Output Analysis' URL: http://ifdc.nres.illinois.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/illinois-forest-products-impact_2012.pdf Year: 2012 _record_number: 21269 _uuid: e7da2d87-03c7-41ab-a021-edccf9014a6a reftype: Report child_publication: /report/forestry-illinois-the-impact-forest-products-industry-on-illinois-economy-an-input-output-analysis href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e7da2d87-03c7-41ab-a021-edccf9014a6a.yaml identifier: e7da2d87-03c7-41ab-a021-edccf9014a6a uri: /reference/e7da2d87-03c7-41ab-a021-edccf9014a6a - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Easterling, D.R.; J.R. Arnold; T. Knutson; K.E. Kunkel; A.N. LeGrande; L.R. Leung; R.S. Vose; D.E. Waliser; M.F. Wehner' Book Title: 'Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I' Chapter: 7 DOI: 10.7930/J0H993CC Editor: 'Wuebbles, D.J.; D.W. Fahey; K.A. Hibbard; D.J. Dokken; B.C. Stewart; T.K. Maycock' Pages: 207-230 Place Published: 'Washington, DC, USA' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: Precipitation Change in the United States Year: 2017 _record_number: 21565 _uuid: e8089a19-413e-4bc5-8c4a-7610399e268c reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/precipitation-change href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e8089a19-413e-4bc5-8c4a-7610399e268c.yaml identifier: e8089a19-413e-4bc5-8c4a-7610399e268c uri: /reference/e8089a19-413e-4bc5-8c4a-7610399e268c - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Trumpickas, Justin\rShuter, Brian J.\rMinns, Charles K." DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2009.04.005 ISSN: 03801330 Issue: 3 Journal: Journal of Great Lakes Research Keywords: Climate change Pages: 454-463 Title: Forecasting impacts of climate change on Great Lakes surface water temperatures Volume: 35 Year: 2009 _chapter: '["Ch. 18: Midwest FINAL"]' _record_number: 3098 _uuid: e90ec398-c7a4-4983-bb31-d32dcff3f099 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.jglr.2009.04.005 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e90ec398-c7a4-4983-bb31-d32dcff3f099.yaml identifier: e90ec398-c7a4-4983-bb31-d32dcff3f099 uri: /reference/e90ec398-c7a4-4983-bb31-d32dcff3f099 - attrs: Author: 'Munkvold, G. P.; Yang, X. B.' DOI: 10.1094/PD-79-0095 ISSN: 0191-2917 Issue: 1 Journal: Plant Disease Language: English Pages: 95-101 Title: Crop damage and epidemics associated with 1993 floods in Iowa Volume: 79 Year: 1995 _record_number: 21179 _uuid: e91dabab-fdac-4f64-a64b-0b954f463f40 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1094/PD-79-0095 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e91dabab-fdac-4f64-a64b-0b954f463f40.yaml identifier: e91dabab-fdac-4f64-a64b-0b954f463f40 uri: /reference/e91dabab-fdac-4f64-a64b-0b954f463f40 - attrs: Author: "D'Amato, Anthony W.; Bradford, John B.; Fraver, Shawn; Palik, Brian J." DOI: 10.1890/13-0677.1 ISSN: 1939-5582 Issue: 8 Journal: Ecological Applications Keywords: 'climate change; growth–climate relationships; Minnesota, USA; Pinus resinosa' Pages: 1735-1742 Publisher: Ecological Society of America Title: Effects of thinning on drought vulnerability and climate response in north temperate forest ecosystems Volume: 23 Year: 2013 _record_number: 21221 _uuid: e945cd6d-9213-49b2-8633-4dd1e81dcce6 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1890/13-0677.1 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e945cd6d-9213-49b2-8633-4dd1e81dcce6.yaml identifier: e945cd6d-9213-49b2-8633-4dd1e81dcce6 uri: /reference/e945cd6d-9213-49b2-8633-4dd1e81dcce6 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Kenward, Alyson; Nicole Zenes; James Bronzan; Jennifer Brady; Kasturi Shah' Institution: Climate Central Pages: 12 Place Published: 'Princeton, NJ' Series Title: States at Risk Title: 'Overflow: Climate Change, Heavy Rain, and Sewage' URL: http://assets.climatecentral.org/pdfs/Overflow_sewagereport_update.pdf Year: 2016 _record_number: 21305 _uuid: e9ccb2ed-ba08-43aa-8895-a21908f6d691 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/overflow-climate-change-heavy-rain-sewage href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e9ccb2ed-ba08-43aa-8895-a21908f6d691.yaml identifier: e9ccb2ed-ba08-43aa-8895-a21908f6d691 uri: /reference/e9ccb2ed-ba08-43aa-8895-a21908f6d691 - attrs: Author: "Bottero, Alessandra; D'Amato, Anthony W.; Palik, Brian J.; Bradford, John B.; Fraver, Shawn; Battaglia, Mike A.; Asherin, Lance A." DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12847 ISSN: 1365-2664 Issue: 6 Journal: Journal of Applied Ecology Keywords: climate change adaptation; drought impacts; ecosystem services; Pinus ponderosa; Pinus resinosa; semi-arid forests; temperate forests; thinning; tree population density Pages: 1605-1614 Title: Density-dependent vulnerability of forest ecosystems to drought Volume: 54 Year: 2017 _record_number: 22010 _uuid: ea85167b-187f-49fe-9b77-13506a529aa2 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/1365-2664.12847 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ea85167b-187f-49fe-9b77-13506a529aa2.yaml identifier: ea85167b-187f-49fe-9b77-13506a529aa2 uri: /reference/ea85167b-187f-49fe-9b77-13506a529aa2 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 .text_styles: '' Author: "Lenihan, James M.\rBachelet, Dominique\rNeilson, Ronald P.\rDrapek, Raymond" DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.01.006 ISSN: 0921-8181 Issue: 1–2 Journal: Global and Planetary Change Keywords: "climate change\rbiogeography\rcarbon\rCO2 effect\rfire suppression\rMC1 DGVM" Pages: 16-25 Title: 'Simulated response of conterminous United States ecosystems to climate change at different levels of fire suppression, CO2 emission rate, and growth response to CO2' Volume: 64 Year: 2008 _chapter: '["Ch. 21: Northwest FINAL"]' _record_number: 3823 _uuid: ec2a899f-9470-47d9-8f2f-4d02663e68d5 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.01.006 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ec2a899f-9470-47d9-8f2f-4d02663e68d5.yaml identifier: ec2a899f-9470-47d9-8f2f-4d02663e68d5 uri: /reference/ec2a899f-9470-47d9-8f2f-4d02663e68d5 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Handler, Stephen; Matthew J. Duveneck; Louis Iverson; Emily Peters; Robert M. Scheller; Kirk R. Wythers; Leslie Brandt; Patricia Butler; Maria Janowiak; P. Danielle Shannon; Chris Swanston; Kelly Barrett; Randy Kolka; Casey McQuiston; Brian Palik; Peter B. Reich; Clarence Turner; Mark White; Cheryl Adams; Anthony D’Amato; Suzanne Hagell; Patricia Johnson; Rosemary Johnson; Mike Larson; Stephen Matthews; Rebecca Montgomery; Steve Olson; Matthew Peters; Anantha Prasad; Jack Rajala; Jad Daley; Mae Davenport; Marla R. Emery; David Fehringer; Christopher L. Hoving; Gary Johnson; Lucinda Johnson; David Neitzel; Adena Rissman; Chadwick Rittenhouse; Robert Ziel' Institution: 'U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station' Pages: 228 Place Published: 'Newtown Square, PA' Series Volume: General Technical Report NRS-133 Title: 'Minnesota Forest Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment and Synthesis: A Report from the Northwoods Climate Change Response Framework Project' URL: https://www.fs.fed.us/nrs/pubs/gtr/gtr_nrs133.pdf Year: 2014 _record_number: 21267 _uuid: ecc6f6d0-d7af-4bfc-b6cd-f60d2eb3f200 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/minnesota-forest-ecosystem-vulnerability-assessment-synthesis-report-northwoods-climate-change-response-framework-project href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ecc6f6d0-d7af-4bfc-b6cd-f60d2eb3f200.yaml identifier: ecc6f6d0-d7af-4bfc-b6cd-f60d2eb3f200 uri: /reference/ecc6f6d0-d7af-4bfc-b6cd-f60d2eb3f200 - attrs: Abstract: 'Despite the rapid evolution and growing complexity in models of science-society interaction, the rate and breadth of use of scientific knowledge in environmental decision making, especially related to climate variability and change, remain below expectations. This suggests a persistent gap between production and use that, to date, efforts to rethink and restructure science production have not been able to surmount. We review different models of science-policy interfaces to understand how they have influenced the organization of knowledge production and application. We then explore how new approaches to the creation of knowledge have emerged, involving both growing integration across disciplines and greater interaction with users. Finally, we review climate information use in the United States and United Kingdom to explore how the structure of knowledge production and the characteristics of users and their decision environments expose the challenges of broadening usable climate science.' Author: 'Kirchhoff, Christine J.; Maria Carmen Lemos; Suraje Dessai' DOI: 10.1146/annurev-environ-022112-112828 Issue: 1 Journal: Annual Review of Environment and Resources Keywords: 'science-policy model,information usability,RISA,UK Climate Program' Pages: 393-414 Title: 'Actionable knowledge for environmental decision making: Broadening the usability of climate science' Volume: 38 Year: 2013 _record_number: 26587 _uuid: ee0b8d5b-e45d-4466-b677-ab31c217a6dc reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1146/annurev-environ-022112-112828 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ee0b8d5b-e45d-4466-b677-ab31c217a6dc.yaml identifier: ee0b8d5b-e45d-4466-b677-ab31c217a6dc uri: /reference/ee0b8d5b-e45d-4466-b677-ab31c217a6dc - attrs: Abstract: 'Downscaled climate data are available at fine spatial scales making them desirable to local climate change practitioners. However, without a description of their uncertainty, practitioners cannot know if they provide quality information. We pose that part of the foundation for the description of uncertainty is an assessment of the ability of the underlying climate model to represent the meteorological or weather-scale processes. Here, we demonstrate an assessment of precipitation processes for the Great Lakes region using the Bias Corrected and Spatially Downscaled (BCSD) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 (CMIP3) projections. A major weakness of the underlying models is their inability to simulate the effects of the Great Lakes, which is an important issue for most global climate models. There is also uncertainty among the models in the timing of transition between dominant precipitation processes going from the warm to cool season and vice versa. In addition, warm-season convective precipitation processes very greatly among the models. From the assessment, we discuss how process-based uncertainties in the models are inherited by the downscaled projections and how bias correction increases uncertainty in cases where precipitation processes are not well represented. Implications of these findings are presented for three regional examples: lake-effect snow, the spring seasonal transition, and summertime lake-effect precipitation.' Author: 'Briley, Laura J.; Ashley, Walker S.; Rood, Richard B.; Krmenec, Andrew' DOI: 10.1007/s00704-015-1652-2 Date: February 01 ISSN: 1434-4483 Issue: 3 Journal: Theoretical and Applied Climatology Pages: 643-654 Title: The role of meteorological processes in the description of uncertainty for climate change decision-making Type of Article: journal article Volume: 127 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21113 _uuid: ee7f8311-bd00-4353-87a9-61ffb7813bf0 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s00704-015-1652-2 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ee7f8311-bd00-4353-87a9-61ffb7813bf0.yaml identifier: ee7f8311-bd00-4353-87a9-61ffb7813bf0 uri: /reference/ee7f8311-bd00-4353-87a9-61ffb7813bf0 - attrs: Author: 'St-Pierre, N. R.; Cobanov, B.; Schnitkey, G.' DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)74040-5 ISSN: 0022-0302 Journal: Journal of Dairy Science Pages: E52-E77 Publisher: Elsevier Title: Economic losses from heat stress by US livestock industries Volume: 86 Year: 2003 _record_number: 21228 _uuid: ef0e1901-7533-4af4-b3b8-840a78ca4a49 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)74040-5 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ef0e1901-7533-4af4-b3b8-840a78ca4a49.yaml identifier: ef0e1901-7533-4af4-b3b8-840a78ca4a49 uri: /reference/ef0e1901-7533-4af4-b3b8-840a78ca4a49 - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: 'Workboat Staff,' Publisher: WorkBoat.com Title: Aggregation of articles documenting Mississippi River flood-related closures URL: https://www.workboat.com/?s=mississippi+river+closed+flood Year: various _record_number: 21319 _uuid: ef115408-09f5-4c76-a817-a428b078dc1b reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/91d2a19b-8778-4321-9ee7-ac1aff72095a href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ef115408-09f5-4c76-a817-a428b078dc1b.yaml identifier: ef115408-09f5-4c76-a817-a428b078dc1b uri: /reference/ef115408-09f5-4c76-a817-a428b078dc1b - attrs: Author: 'Lyons, John; Parks, Timothy P.; Minahan, Kristi L.; Ruesch, Aaron S.' DOI: 10.1139/cjfas-2017-0043 Date: 2018/04/01 ISSN: 0706-652X Issue: 4 Journal: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Pages: 600-608 Publisher: NRC Research Press Title: Evaluation of oxythermal metrics and benchmarks for the protection of cisco (Coregonus artedi) habitat quality and quantity in Wisconsin lakes Volume: 75 Year: 2017 _record_number: 26593 _uuid: f0224e2b-c084-4021-8ad3-79a823324e8e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1139/cjfas-2017-0043 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f0224e2b-c084-4021-8ad3-79a823324e8e.yaml identifier: f0224e2b-c084-4021-8ad3-79a823324e8e uri: /reference/f0224e2b-c084-4021-8ad3-79a823324e8e - attrs: Author: 'Tavakol-Davani, Hassan; Steven J. Burian; Jay Devkota; Defne Apul' DOI: 10.1061/JSWBAY.0000805 Issue: 2 Journal: Journal of Sustainable Water in the Built Environment Pages: 04015009 Title: Performance and cost-based comparison of green and gray infrastructure to control combined sewer overflows URL: 'Rainwater harvesting (RWH) is being used more often today as a water supply and stormwater management green infrastructure (GI). In recent years, GIs in urban water engineering have gained attention due to their lower lifecycle costs—in both implementation and operation phases—rather than traditional gray approaches. The research described in the present paper compared implementation of RWH systems to gray approaches previously designed as a part of the long-term control plan (LTCP) for combined sewer overflow (CSO) control in Toledo, Ohio. RWH scenarios in this study were defined based on different system capacities and release policies, and then combined gray and green scenarios were analyzed according to their hydrologic performance and cost. This study employed long-term continuous hydrologic and hydraulic (H&H) simulations as well as lifecycle cost (LCC) analysis techniques. The results showed that greening the LTCP via RWH could improve the lifecycle cost-effectiveness by 48%. The captured rainwater was considered to supply toilet flushing water demand in buildings.' Volume: 2 Year: 2016 _record_number: 26612 _uuid: f1b67e97-7a38-47cc-8313-80e2a25c3d6b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1061/JSWBAY.0000805 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f1b67e97-7a38-47cc-8313-80e2a25c3d6b.yaml identifier: f1b67e97-7a38-47cc-8313-80e2a25c3d6b uri: /reference/f1b67e97-7a38-47cc-8313-80e2a25c3d6b - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Author: USGCRP DOI: 10.7930/J0R49NQX Number of Pages: 312 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: 'The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment' Year: 2016 _record_number: 19368 _uuid: f1e633d5-070a-4a7d-935b-a2281a0c9cb6 reftype: Book child_publication: /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f1e633d5-070a-4a7d-935b-a2281a0c9cb6.yaml identifier: f1e633d5-070a-4a7d-935b-a2281a0c9cb6 uri: /reference/f1e633d5-070a-4a7d-935b-a2281a0c9cb6 - attrs: Abstract: 'EuroAmerican land-use and its legacies have transformed forest structure and composition across the United States (US). More accurate reconstructions of historical states are critical to understanding the processes governing past, current, and future forest dynamics. Here we present new gridded (8x8km) reconstructions of pre-settlement (1800s) forest composition and structure from the upper Midwestern US (Minnesota, Wisconsin, and most of Michigan), using 19th Century Public Land Survey System (PLSS), with estimates of relative composition, above-ground biomass, stem density, and basal area for 28 tree types. This mapping is more robust than past efforts, using spatially varying correction factors to accommodate sampling design, azimuthal censoring, and biases in tree selection. Changes in Forest Structure We compare pre-settlement to modern forests using US Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data to show the prevalence of lost forests (pre-settlement forests with no current analog), and novel forests (modern forests with no past analogs). Differences between pre-settlement and modern forests are spatially structured owing to differences in land-use impacts and accompanying ecological responses. Modern forests are more homogeneous, and ecotonal gradients are more diffuse today than in the past. Novel forest assemblages represent 28% of all FIA cells, and 28% of pre-settlement forests no longer exist in a modern context. Lost forests include tamarack forests in northeastern Minnesota, hemlock and cedar dominated forests in north-central Wisconsin and along the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, and elm, oak, basswood and ironwood forests along the forest-prairie boundary in south central Minnesota and eastern Wisconsin. Novel FIA forest assemblages are distributed evenly across the region, but novelty shows a strong relationship to spatial distance from remnant forests in the upper Midwest, with novelty predicted at between 20 to 60km from remnants, depending on historical forest type. The spatial relationships between remnant and novel forests, shifts in ecotone structure and the loss of historic forest types point to significant challenges for land managers if landscape restoration is a priority. The spatial signals of novelty and ecological change also point to potential challenges in using modern spatial distributions of species and communities and their relationship to underlying geophysical and climatic attributes in understanding potential responses to changing climate. The signal of human settlement on modern forests is broad, spatially varying and acts to homogenize modern forests relative to their historic counterparts, with significant implications for future management.' Author: 'Goring, Simon J.; Mladenoff, David J.; Cogbill, Charles V.; Record, Sydne; Paciorek, Christopher J.; Jackson, Stephen T.; Dietze, Michael C.; Dawson, Andria; Matthes, Jaclyn Hatala; McLachlan, Jason S.; Williams, John W.' DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151935 Issue: 12 Journal: PLOS ONE Pages: e0151935 Publisher: Public Library of Science Title: 'Novel and lost forests in the upper midwestern United States, from new estimates of settlement-era composition, stem density, and biomass' Volume: 11 Year: 2016 _record_number: 21214 _uuid: f29243d3-9c94-4e59-b8b8-9bc1e24b00a2 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1371/journal.pone.0151935 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f29243d3-9c94-4e59-b8b8-9bc1e24b00a2.yaml identifier: f29243d3-9c94-4e59-b8b8-9bc1e24b00a2 uri: /reference/f29243d3-9c94-4e59-b8b8-9bc1e24b00a2 - attrs: Author: 'Boisvenue, Céline; Running, Steven W.' DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01134.x ISSN: 1365-2486 Issue: 5 Journal: Global Change Biology Keywords: climate change; climate change impacts; forest growth; forest productivity; forest vegetation; review of changes in forests Pages: 862-882 Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd Title: Impacts of climate change on natural forest productivity – evidence since the middle of the 20th century Volume: 12 Year: 2006 _record_number: 21189 _uuid: f5689393-d906-4b81-ab27-bb225b127510 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01134.x href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f5689393-d906-4b81-ab27-bb225b127510.yaml identifier: f5689393-d906-4b81-ab27-bb225b127510 uri: /reference/f5689393-d906-4b81-ab27-bb225b127510 - attrs: Author: 'Vins, Holly; Bell, Jesse; Saha, Shubhayu; Hess, Jeremy' DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121013251 ISSN: 1660-4601 Issue: 10 Journal: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Pages: 13251 Title: 'The mental health outcomes of drought: A systematic review and causal process diagram' Volume: 12 Year: 2015 _record_number: 23879 _uuid: f5b5a424-29ee-4cd3-a179-68668613933d reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3390/ijerph121013251 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f5b5a424-29ee-4cd3-a179-68668613933d.yaml identifier: f5b5a424-29ee-4cd3-a179-68668613933d uri: /reference/f5b5a424-29ee-4cd3-a179-68668613933d - attrs: Author: 'Chhin, S.' ISSN: 1999-4907 Issue: 4 Journal: Forests Language: English Name of Database: CABDirect Pages: 209-229 Place Published: Basel Publisher: Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) Title: Influence of climate on the growth of hybrid poplar in Michigan Volume: 1 Year: 2010 _record_number: 21247 _uuid: f5c3df5e-c125-4179-b646-e073ad3c5bc9 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/influence-climate-on-growth-hybrid-poplar-michigan href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f5c3df5e-c125-4179-b646-e073ad3c5bc9.yaml identifier: f5c3df5e-c125-4179-b646-e073ad3c5bc9 uri: /reference/f5c3df5e-c125-4179-b646-e073ad3c5bc9 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Kousky, Carolyn; Sheila Olmstead; Margaret Walls; Adam Stern; Molly Macauley' Institution: Resources for the Future Pages: 72 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Series Volume: RFF Report Title: "The Role of Land Use in Adaptation to Increased Precipitation and Flooding: A Case Study in Wisconsin's Lower Fox River Basin" URL: http://www.rff.org/files/sharepoint/WorkImages/Download/RFF-Rpt-Kousky%20etal%20GreatLakes%20(2).pdf Year: 2011 _record_number: 21279 _uuid: f669c195-06eb-49ff-a3b6-3120c05676fc reftype: Report child_publication: /report/role-land-use-adaptation-increased-precipitation-flooding-case-study-wisconsins-lower-fox-river-basin href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f669c195-06eb-49ff-a3b6-3120c05676fc.yaml identifier: f669c195-06eb-49ff-a3b6-3120c05676fc uri: /reference/f669c195-06eb-49ff-a3b6-3120c05676fc - attrs: Author: 'Kao, Yu-Chun; Madenjian, Charles P.; Bunnell, David B.; Lofgren, Brent M.; Perroud, Marjorie' DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2015.03.012 Date: 2015/06/01/ ISSN: 0380-1330 Issue: 2 Journal: Journal of Great Lakes Research Keywords: Bioenergetics model; Climate change; Great Lakes; Yellow perch; Lake whitefish; Thermal guild Pages: 423-435 Title: Potential effects of climate change on the growth of fishes from different thermal guilds in Lakes Michigan and Huron Volume: 41 Year: 2015 _record_number: 21144 _uuid: f6919de4-f572-400a-bd88-f3daf6016cc0 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.03.012 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f6919de4-f572-400a-bd88-f3daf6016cc0.yaml identifier: f6919de4-f572-400a-bd88-f3daf6016cc0 uri: /reference/f6919de4-f572-400a-bd88-f3daf6016cc0 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Ballweg, Julie' Institution: Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Pages: 1 Place Published: 'Madison, WI' Title: Forest economy Wisconsin URL: http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/ForestBusinesses/documents/factSheets/FactSheetWisconsin.pdf Year: 2016 _record_number: 21262 _uuid: f750b32a-1e19-48a4-b9fa-d66628099a4a reftype: Report child_publication: /report/forest-economy-wisconsin href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f750b32a-1e19-48a4-b9fa-d66628099a4a.yaml identifier: f750b32a-1e19-48a4-b9fa-d66628099a4a uri: /reference/f750b32a-1e19-48a4-b9fa-d66628099a4a - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: 'City of Minneapolis,' Place Published: 'Minneapolis, MN' Publisher: Public Works Title: 'City of Minneapolis Tree Cell Installation - Marq2 Project' URL: http://www.ci.minneapolis.mn.us/publicworks/stormwater/green/stormwater_green-initiatives_marq2-tree-install Year: 2009 _record_number: 21308 _uuid: f89cf6b7-1c12-4cb8-b1c3-3f218a948dc5 reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/72ba44cc-bbca-4ac7-89b0-13f918918dd6 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f89cf6b7-1c12-4cb8-b1c3-3f218a948dc5.yaml identifier: f89cf6b7-1c12-4cb8-b1c3-3f218a948dc5 uri: /reference/f89cf6b7-1c12-4cb8-b1c3-3f218a948dc5 - attrs: Author: 'Hellmann, Jessica J.; Grundel, Ralph; Hoving, Chris; Schuurman, Gregor W.' 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