uri,href,identifier,attrs.Abstract,attrs.Author,attrs.DOI,"attrs.Database Provider","attrs.EPub Date",attrs.ISSN,attrs.Issue,attrs.Journal,"attrs.Name of Database",attrs.Pages,attrs.Publisher,attrs.Title,attrs.Volume,attrs.Year,attrs._record_number,attrs._uuid,attrs.reftype,child_publication
/reference/00bd7498-9679-4ce9-a11f-51b11c927fe0,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/00bd7498-9679-4ce9-a11f-51b11c927fe0,00bd7498-9679-4ce9-a11f-51b11c927fe0,"There is no integrated regime governing efforts to limit the extent of climate change. Instead, there is a regime complex: a loosely-coupled set of specific regimes. We describe the regime complex for climate change and seek to explain it, using interest-based, functional, and organizational arguments. This institutional form is likely to persist; efforts to build a comprehensive regime are unlikely to succeed, but experiments abound with narrower institutions focused on particular aspects of the climate change problem. Building on this analysis, we argue that a climate change regime complex, if it meets specified criteria, has advantages over any politically feasible comprehensive regime. Adaptability and flexibility are particularly important in a setting—such as climate change policy—in which the most demanding international commitments are interdependent yet governments vary widely in their interest and ability to implement them. Yet in view of the serious political constraints, both domestic and international, there is little reason for optimism that the climate regime complex that is emerging will lead to reductions in emissions rapid enough to meet widely discussed goals, such as stopping global warming at two degrees above pre-industrial levels.","Keohane, Robert O.; Victor, David G.",10.1017/S1537592710004068,"Cambridge University Press",2011/03/15,1537-5927,1,"Perspectives on Politics","Cambridge Core",7-23,"Cambridge University Press","The regime complex for climate change",9,2011,25876,00bd7498-9679-4ce9-a11f-51b11c927fe0,"Journal Article",/article/10.1017/S1537592710004068
/reference/03284ebf-9c07-421c-a8e7-71707dcf44e4,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/03284ebf-9c07-421c-a8e7-71707dcf44e4,03284ebf-9c07-421c-a8e7-71707dcf44e4,"Communities have the potential to function effectively and adapt successfully in the aftermath of disasters. Drawing upon literatures in several disciplines, we present a theory of resilience that encompasses contemporary understandings of stress, adaptation, wellness, and resource dynamics. Community resilience is a process linking a network of adaptive capacities (resources with dynamic attributes) to adaptation after a disturbance or adversity. Community adaptation is manifest in population wellness, defined as high and non-disparate levels of mental and behavioral health, functioning, and quality of life. Community resilience emerges from four primary sets of adaptive capacities—Economic Development, Social Capital, Information and Communication, and Community Competence—that together provide a strategy for disaster readiness. To build collective resilience, communities must reduce risk and resource inequities, engage local people in mitigation, create organizational linkages, boost and protect social supports, and plan for not having a plan, which requires flexibility, decision-making skills, and trusted sources of information that function in the face of unknowns.","Norris, Fran H.; Stevens, Susan P.; Pfefferbaum, Betty; Wyche, Karen F.; Pfefferbaum, Rose L.",10.1007/s10464-007-9156-6,,,,1-2,"American Journal of Community Psychology",,127-150,,"Community resilience as a metaphor, theory, set of capacities, and strategy for disaster readiness",41,2008,26461,03284ebf-9c07-421c-a8e7-71707dcf44e4,"Journal Article",/article/10.1007/s10464-007-9156-6
/reference/05a7d719-3318-4fcd-835d-ed52150f40de,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/05a7d719-3318-4fcd-835d-ed52150f40de,05a7d719-3318-4fcd-835d-ed52150f40de,"Adaptation to a changing climate is unavoidable. Mainstreaming climate adaptation objectives into existing policies, as opposed to developing dedicated adaptation policy, is widely advocated for public action. However, knowledge on what makes mainstreaming effective is scarce and fragmented. Against this background, this paper takes stock of peer-reviewed empirical analyses of climate adaptation mainstreaming, in order to assess current achievements and identify the critical factors that render mainstreaming effective. The results show that although in most cases adaptation policy outputs are identified, only in a minority of cases this translates into policy outcomes. This “implementation gap” is most strongly seen in developing countries. However, when it comes to the effectiveness of outcomes, we found no difference across countries. We conclude that more explicit definitions and unified frameworks for adaptation mainstreaming research are required to allow for future research syntheses and well-informed policy recommendations.","Runhaar, Hens; Wilk, Bettina; Persson, Åsa; Uittenbroek, Caroline; Wamsler, Christine",10.1007/s10113-017-1259-5,,,1436-378X,4,"Regional Environmental Change",,1201-1210,,"Mainstreaming climate adaptation: Taking stock about “what works” from empirical research worldwide",18,2018,26474,05a7d719-3318-4fcd-835d-ed52150f40de,"Journal Article",/article/10.1007/s10113-017-1259-5
/reference/05c2211c-03c5-4632-8037-0f12f5e1fee1,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/05c2211c-03c5-4632-8037-0f12f5e1fee1,05c2211c-03c5-4632-8037-0f12f5e1fee1,,"Rauken, Trude; Mydske, Per Kristen; Winsvold, Marte",10.1080/13549839.2014.880412,,,1354-9839,4,"Local Environment",,408-423,Routledge,"Mainstreaming climate change adaptation at the local level",20,2015,26473,05c2211c-03c5-4632-8037-0f12f5e1fee1,"Journal Article",/article/10.1080/13549839.2014.880412
/reference/0615b4ff-d185-4e14-9d4d-5bea1ce6ca51,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0615b4ff-d185-4e14-9d4d-5bea1ce6ca51,0615b4ff-d185-4e14-9d4d-5bea1ce6ca51,,"Fahey, D.W.; S. Doherty; K.A. Hibbard; A. Romanou; P.C. Taylor",10.7930/J0513WCR,,,,,,,73-113,"U.S. Global Change Research Program","Physical Drivers of Climate Change",,2017,21560,0615b4ff-d185-4e14-9d4d-5bea1ce6ca51,"Book Section",/report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/scientific-basis
/reference/0725eae6-7458-4ec2-8f66-880d88118148,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0725eae6-7458-4ec2-8f66-880d88118148,0725eae6-7458-4ec2-8f66-880d88118148,,"Knutson, T.; J.P. Kossin; C. Mears; J. Perlwitz; M.F. Wehner",10.7930/J01834ND,,,,,,,114-132,"U.S. Global Change Research Program","Detection and Attribution of Climate Change",,2017,21561,0725eae6-7458-4ec2-8f66-880d88118148,"Book Section",/report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/detection-attribution
/reference/078f5398-3d8e-455e-aa39-891c9f37dfac,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/078f5398-3d8e-455e-aa39-891c9f37dfac,078f5398-3d8e-455e-aa39-891c9f37dfac,,"Hallegatte, Stéphane",10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.12.003,,,0959-3780,2,"Global Environmental Change",,240-247,,"Strategies to adapt to an uncertain climate change",19,2009,24182,078f5398-3d8e-455e-aa39-891c9f37dfac,"Journal Article",/article/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.12.003
/reference/089d8050-f4c8-4d07-bc35-25bf61691be3,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/089d8050-f4c8-4d07-bc35-25bf61691be3,089d8050-f4c8-4d07-bc35-25bf61691be3,,"IPCC,",,,,,,,,,"Cambridge University Press","Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change",,2012,1579,089d8050-f4c8-4d07-bc35-25bf61691be3,Book,/report/ipcc-srex
/reference/0a49fd25-8d5a-42da-b901-5922b5190772,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0a49fd25-8d5a-42da-b901-5922b5190772,0a49fd25-8d5a-42da-b901-5922b5190772,,"Hallegatte, Stéphane
Ankur Shah
Robert Lempert
Casey Brown
Stuart Gill",10.1596/1813-9450-6193,,,,,,,,,"Investment Decision Making Under Deep Uncertainty: Application to Climate Change",,2012,4053,0a49fd25-8d5a-42da-b901-5922b5190772,Report,/report/worldbank-investment-2012
/reference/0b30f1ab-e4c4-4837-aa8b-0e19faccdb94,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0b30f1ab-e4c4-4837-aa8b-0e19faccdb94,0b30f1ab-e4c4-4837-aa8b-0e19faccdb94,,"EPA,",,,,,,,,271,,"Multi-model Framework for Quantitative Sectoral Impacts Analysis: A Technical Report for the Fourth National Climate Assessment",,2017,21365,0b30f1ab-e4c4-4837-aa8b-0e19faccdb94,Report,/report/epa-multi-model-framework-for-quantitative-sectoral-impacts-analysis-2017
/reference/0facac45-4ec1-4f5a-8e9a-f16c33f05cff,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0facac45-4ec1-4f5a-8e9a-f16c33f05cff,0facac45-4ec1-4f5a-8e9a-f16c33f05cff,,"Toman, Michael",,,,,,,,17,,"The Need for Multiple Types of Information to Inform Climate Change Assessment",,2014,24161,0facac45-4ec1-4f5a-8e9a-f16c33f05cff,Report,/report/need-multiple-types-information-inform-climate-change-assessment
/reference/14abc4e6-e419-4686-880f-cd2f3e28e11c,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/14abc4e6-e419-4686-880f-cd2f3e28e11c,14abc4e6-e419-4686-880f-cd2f3e28e11c,,"Stein, Bruce; Patty Glick; Naomi Edelson; Amanda Staudt",,,,,,,,262,,"Climate-Smart Conservation: Putting Adaptation Principles into Practice",,2014,24169,14abc4e6-e419-4686-880f-cd2f3e28e11c,Report,/report/climate-smart-conservation-putting-adaptation-principles-into-practice
/reference/15cfa9a5-ed10-4448-a1ed-04b3758bc46c,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/15cfa9a5-ed10-4448-a1ed-04b3758bc46c,15cfa9a5-ed10-4448-a1ed-04b3758bc46c,,"Toloo, Ghasem; Hu, Wenbiao; FitzGerald, Gerry; Aitken, Peter; Tong, Shilu",10.1038/srep12860,,,,,"Scientific Reports",,12860,"The Author(s)","Projecting excess emergency department visits and associated costs in Brisbane, Australia, under population growth and climate change scenarios",5,2015,26475,15cfa9a5-ed10-4448-a1ed-04b3758bc46c,"Journal Article",/article/10.1038/srep12860
/reference/17fabab4-9ab6-4e6f-a158-006c0ca0e58e,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/17fabab4-9ab6-4e6f-a158-006c0ca0e58e,17fabab4-9ab6-4e6f-a158-006c0ca0e58e,"During the last twenty years, more than forty-five publications have sought to measure and evaluate the quality of plans using content analysis methods. We examine reasons for this growth in the literature and its contributions and limitations. We also examine whether the research methods described in these publications conform to recommended practices in the methodological literature on content analysis to determine whether plan quality researchers are likely to be generating reliable and reproducible plan quality data. We provide seven recommendations plan quality researchers can follow to address these weaknesses and improve the reliability and reproducibility of their data.","Lyles, Ward; Stevens, Mark",10.1177/0739456x14549752,,,,4,"Journal of Planning Education and Research",,433-450,,"Plan quality evaluation 1994–2012: Growth and contributions, limitations, and new directions",34,2014,26472,17fabab4-9ab6-4e6f-a158-006c0ca0e58e,"Journal Article",/article/10.1177/0739456x14549752
/reference/180e747e-ff7c-4097-8a67-0a2236701e54,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/180e747e-ff7c-4097-8a67-0a2236701e54,180e747e-ff7c-4097-8a67-0a2236701e54,"The need to reduce risks from coastal storms and climate change in coastal areas has given rise to efforts to make greater use of integrated ecosystem-based approaches. Assessment of the role and cost efficiency of adaptation measures is increasingly demanded. Applying the Economics of Climate Adaptation framework in the US Gulf Coast, we compare nature-based defenses, artificial defenses, and policy measures for adaptation and risk reduction and quantify their costs and benefits under a variety of economic growth and climate change scenarios. Our analyses are spatially explicit and all models, tools and information are open source. The framework includes (i) a probabilistic assessment of hazards, (ii) estimation of damages and (iii) assessment of adaptation and risk reduction measures. We perform sensitivity analyses to understand the parameters that created the most variation in risk assessment and most influenced estimates of cost effectiveness. We find that high rates of economic growth and coastal development are likely to create greater risks in the near term than climate change, due to the increase in exposed assets. Nature-based solutions such as oyster reef and marsh restoration are particularly cost effective, but their cost-effectiveness is highly dependent on where these measures are used. As decision-makers look for the most cost effective group of measures for adaptation and risk reduction, these approaches and results should be particularly useful for informing management priorities.","Reguero, Borja G; Bresch, David N; Beck, Mike; Calil, Juliano; Meliane, Imen",10.9753/icce.v34.management.25,,2015-01-26,2156-1028,34,"Coastal Engineering Proceedings",,,,"Coastal risks, nature-based defenses and the economics of adaptation: An application in the Gulf of Mexico, USA",,2014,25880,180e747e-ff7c-4097-8a67-0a2236701e54,"Journal Article",/article/10.9753/icce.v34.management.25
/reference/19a4d709-1ec6-4e02-ba94-0d4abb4b3820,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/19a4d709-1ec6-4e02-ba94-0d4abb4b3820,19a4d709-1ec6-4e02-ba94-0d4abb4b3820,,"Galloway, Gerald E.",10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00550.x,,,1752-1688,3,"JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association",,563-570,"Blackwell Publishing Ltd","If stationarity is dead, what do we do now?",47,2011,24184,19a4d709-1ec6-4e02-ba94-0d4abb4b3820,"Journal Article",/article/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00550.x
/reference/19bc2dd3-6c09-4427-82e0-81858eda7c0e,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/19bc2dd3-6c09-4427-82e0-81858eda7c0e,19bc2dd3-6c09-4427-82e0-81858eda7c0e,,"Cutter, Susan L.; Barnes, Lindsey; Berry, Melissa; Burton, Christopher; Evans, Elijah; Tate, Eric; Webb, Jennifer",10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.07.013,,,1872-9495,4,"Global Environmental Change",,598-606,,"A place-based model for understanding community resilience to natural disasters",18,2008,19297,19bc2dd3-6c09-4427-82e0-81858eda7c0e,"Journal Article",/article/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.07.013
/reference/1abfee7f-2909-450b-a5a7-90c9cc1272b8,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1abfee7f-2909-450b-a5a7-90c9cc1272b8,1abfee7f-2909-450b-a5a7-90c9cc1272b8,,"Chen, Guangcheng; Azkab, Muhammad Husni; Chmura, Gail L.; Chen, Shunyang; Sastrosuwondo, Pramudji; Ma, Zhiyuan; Dharmawan, I. Wayan Eka; Yin, Xijie; Chen, Bin",10.1038/srep42406,,,,,"Scientific Reports",,42406,"The Author(s)","Mangroves as a major source of soil carbon storage in adjacent seagrass meadows",7,2017,26471,1abfee7f-2909-450b-a5a7-90c9cc1272b8,"Journal Article",/article/10.1038/srep42406
/reference/1bdf70ea-f989-4c3c-a96e-8124c4850747,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1bdf70ea-f989-4c3c-a96e-8124c4850747,1bdf70ea-f989-4c3c-a96e-8124c4850747,,"Brody, Samuel D.; Highfield, Wesley E.",10.1080/01944360508976690,,,0194-4363,2,"Journal of the American Planning Association",,159-175,Routledge,"Does planning work? Testing the implementation of local environmental planning in Florida",71,2005,24188,1bdf70ea-f989-4c3c-a96e-8124c4850747,"Journal Article",/article/10.1080/01944360508976690
/reference/1d1b91bb-773a-441f-be97-b77ba38ea1ce,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1d1b91bb-773a-441f-be97-b77ba38ea1ce,1d1b91bb-773a-441f-be97-b77ba38ea1ce,,"Arcadis US,; CallisonRTKL,; Wageningen University,",,,,,,,,72,,"Mission Creek sea level risk adaptation study: Waterfront strategies for Long-Term urban resiliency",,2016,24195,1d1b91bb-773a-441f-be97-b77ba38ea1ce,Report,/report/mission-creek-sea-level-risk-adaptation-study-waterfront-strategies-long-term-urban-resiliency
/reference/1eeefb93-f0d0-4e54-96e1-96c90140909c,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1eeefb93-f0d0-4e54-96e1-96c90140909c,1eeefb93-f0d0-4e54-96e1-96c90140909c,,"Adger, W. Neil; Arnell, Nigel W.; Tompkins, Emma L.",10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2004.12.005,,,0959-3780,2,"Global Environmental Change",,77-86,,"Successful adaptation to climate change across scales",15,2005,25873,1eeefb93-f0d0-4e54-96e1-96c90140909c,"Journal Article",/article/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2004.12.005
/reference/1efd326b-addb-4d1b-975c-42ac25c4c349,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1efd326b-addb-4d1b-975c-42ac25c4c349,1efd326b-addb-4d1b-975c-42ac25c4c349,,"Halofsky, Jessica E.; David L. Peterson; Kailey W. Marcinkowski",,,,,,,,80,,"Climate Change Adaptation in United States Federal Natural Resource Science and Management Agencies: A Synthesis",,2015,21671,1efd326b-addb-4d1b-975c-42ac25c4c349,Report,/report/usgcrp-climate-change-adaptation-united-states-federal-natural-resource-science-management-agencies-synthesis-2015
/reference/1efe3c54-7423-4c7d-9a39-f5dd34cf6b54,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1efe3c54-7423-4c7d-9a39-f5dd34cf6b54,1efe3c54-7423-4c7d-9a39-f5dd34cf6b54,"To improve the resiliency of designs, particularly for long-lived infrastructure, current engineering practice must be updated to incorporate a range of future climate conditions that are likely to be different from the past. However, a considerable mismatch exists between climate model outputs and the data inputs needed for engineering designs. This paper provides a framework for incorporating climate trends into design standards and applications, including selecting the appropriate climate model source based on the intended application, understanding model performance and uncertainties, addressing differences in temporal and spatial scales, and interpreting results for engineering design. The framework is illustrated through an application to depth-duration-frequency curves, which are commonly used in stormwater design. A change factor method is used to update the curves in a case study of Pittsburgh. Extreme precipitation depth is expected to increase in the future for Pittsburgh for all return periods and durations examined, requiring revised standards and designs. Doubling the return period and using historical, stationary values may enable adequate design for short-duration storms; however, this method is shown to be insufficient to enable protective designs for longer-duration storms.","Cook, Lauren M.; Christopher J. Anderson; Constantine Samaras",10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000382,,,,4,"Journal of Infrastructure Systems",,04017027,,"Framework for incorporating downscaled climate output into existing engineering methods: Application to precipitation frequency curves",23,2017,24187,1efe3c54-7423-4c7d-9a39-f5dd34cf6b54,"Journal Article",/article/10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000382
/reference/204dc466-5ff3-4aef-90b6-23623d61342f,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/204dc466-5ff3-4aef-90b6-23623d61342f,204dc466-5ff3-4aef-90b6-23623d61342f,,"Hughes, Jeff",,,,,,,,,,"The Financial Impacts of Alternative Water Project Delivery Models: A Closer Look at Nine Communities",,2017,24205,204dc466-5ff3-4aef-90b6-23623d61342f,Report,/report/financial-impacts-alternative-water-project-delivery-models-closer-look-at-nine-communities
/reference/210ebe86-081c-4fae-9af3-d247a597a043,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/210ebe86-081c-4fae-9af3-d247a597a043,210ebe86-081c-4fae-9af3-d247a597a043,,"GAO,",,,,,,,,26,,"Climate change: Selected governments have approached adaptation through laws and long-term plans",,2016,26481,210ebe86-081c-4fae-9af3-d247a597a043,Report,/report/climate-change-selected-governments-have-approached-adaptation-through-laws-long-term-plans
/reference/228fd414-ca3c-4922-a266-a4d46c307a05,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/228fd414-ca3c-4922-a266-a4d46c307a05,228fd414-ca3c-4922-a266-a4d46c307a05,"Sea level rise is causing shoreline erosion, increased coastal flooding, and marsh vulnerability to the impact of storms. Coastal marshes provide flood abatement, carbon and nutrient sequestration, water quality maintenance, and habitat for fish, shellfish, and wildlife, including species of concern, such as the saltmarsh sparrow (Ammodramus caudacutus). We present a climate change adaptation strategy (CCAS) adopted by scientific, management, and policy stakeholders for managing coastal marshes and enhancing system resiliency. A common adaptive management approach previously used for restoration projects was modified to identify climate-related vulnerabilities and plan climate change adaptive actions. As an example of implementation of the CCAS, we describe the stakeholder plans and management actions the US Fish and Wildlife Service and partners developed to build coastal resiliency in the Narrow River Estuary, RI, in the aftermath of Superstorm Sandy. When possible, an experimental BACI (before-after, control-impact) design, described as pre- and post-sampling at the impact site and one or more control sites, was incorporated into the climate change adaptation and implementation plans. Specific climate change adaptive actions and monitoring plans are described and include shoreline stabilization, restoring marsh drainage, increasing marsh elevation, and enabling upland marsh migration. The CCAS provides a framework and methodology for successfully managing coastal systems faced with deteriorating habitat, accelerated sea level rise, and changes in precipitation and storm patterns.","Wigand, Cathleen; Ardito, Thomas; Chaffee, Caitlin; Ferguson, Wenley; Paton, Suzanne; Raposa, Kenneth; Vandemoer, Charles; Watson, Elizabeth",10.1007/s12237-015-0003-y,,,1559-2731,3,"Estuaries and Coasts",,682-693,,"A climate change adaptation strategy for management of coastal marsh systems",40,2017,24154,228fd414-ca3c-4922-a266-a4d46c307a05,"Journal Article",/article/10.1007/s12237-015-0003-y
/reference/24c64b47-d6c2-41ac-90bb-0d947e68cbbe,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/24c64b47-d6c2-41ac-90bb-0d947e68cbbe,24c64b47-d6c2-41ac-90bb-0d947e68cbbe,,"Newton Mann, Alyssa; Grifman, Phyllis; Fizi Hart, Juliette",,,,1932-7048,2,"Cities and the Environment (CATE)",,"Article 6",,"The stakes are rising: Lessons on engaging coastal communities on climate adaptation in Southern California",10,2017,24011,24c64b47-d6c2-41ac-90bb-0d947e68cbbe,"Journal Article",/article/stakes-are-rising-lessons-on-engaging-coastal-communities-on-climate-adaptation-southern-california
/reference/29960c69-6168-4fb0-9af0-d50bdd91acd3,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/29960c69-6168-4fb0-9af0-d50bdd91acd3,29960c69-6168-4fb0-9af0-d50bdd91acd3,,"Vose, R.S.; D.R. Easterling; K.E. Kunkel; A.N. LeGrande; M.F. Wehner",10.7930/J0N29V45,,,,,,,185-206,"U.S. Global Change Research Program","Temperature Changes in the United States",,2017,21564,29960c69-6168-4fb0-9af0-d50bdd91acd3,"Book Section",/report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/temperature-change
/reference/2b3fde46-c982-4518-800b-41ac2dca32e9,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2b3fde46-c982-4518-800b-41ac2dca32e9,2b3fde46-c982-4518-800b-41ac2dca32e9,,"Atkins,",,,,,,,,various,,"Flood Loss Avoidance Benefits of Green Infrastructure for Stormwater Management. Prepared for U.S. EPA",,2015,24196,2b3fde46-c982-4518-800b-41ac2dca32e9,Report,/report/flood-loss-avoidance-benefits-green-infrastructure-stormwater-management-prepared-us-epa
/reference/2c101a8e-5899-4423-95b0-79ea996b64df,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2c101a8e-5899-4423-95b0-79ea996b64df,2c101a8e-5899-4423-95b0-79ea996b64df,,"Moody's,",,,,,,,,21,,"Environmental risks: Evaluating the impact of climate change on US state and local issuers",,2017,26458,2c101a8e-5899-4423-95b0-79ea996b64df,Report,/report/environmental-risks-evaluating-impact-climate-change-on-us-state-local-issuers
/reference/2c2dfd3f-ff08-437a-b075-7f8259dafadb,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2c2dfd3f-ff08-437a-b075-7f8259dafadb,2c2dfd3f-ff08-437a-b075-7f8259dafadb,,"Olsen, J. Rolf; Julie Kiang; Reagan Waskom",,,,,,,,304,,"Workshop on Nonstationarity, Hydrologic Frequency Analysis, and Water Management [Boulder, CO]",,2010,24178,2c2dfd3f-ff08-437a-b075-7f8259dafadb,Report,/report/workshop-on-nonstationarity-hydrologic-frequency-analysis-water-management-boulder-co
/reference/30fa21f9-4b83-4af6-bad0-61684ad53f27,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/30fa21f9-4b83-4af6-bad0-61684ad53f27,30fa21f9-4b83-4af6-bad0-61684ad53f27,,"AWF/AEC/Entergy,",,,,,,,,11,,"Building a Resilient Energy Gulf Coast: Executive Report",,2010,166,30fa21f9-4b83-4af6-bad0-61684ad53f27,Report,/report/entergy-building-2010
/reference/31bf15ab-c374-4466-8b4c-894a527813cb,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/31bf15ab-c374-4466-8b4c-894a527813cb,31bf15ab-c374-4466-8b4c-894a527813cb,"Sponsored by the Committee on Technical Advancement of ASCE Adapting Infrastructure and Civil Engineering Practice to a Changing Climate presents an accurate discussion of the potential significance of climate change to engineering practice. Although considerable evidence indicates that the climate is changing, significant uncertainty exists regarding the location, timing, and magnitude of this change over the lifetime of infrastructure. Practicing engineers are faced with the dilemma of balancing future needs for engineered infrastructure with the risks posed by the effects of climate change on long-term engineering projects. The gap between climate science and engineering practice somehow must be bridged. This report identifies the technical requirements and civil engineering challenges raised by adaptation to a changing climate. Topics include: review of climate science for engineering practice; incorporating climate science into engineering practice; civil engineering sectors that might be affected by climate change; needs for research, development, and demonstration projects; and summary, conclusions, and recommendations. Three appendixes illustrate different engineering approaches to assessing or preparing for climate change. Practitioners, researchers, educators, and students of civil engineering, as well as government officials and allied professionals, will be fascinated by this discussion of the trade-offs between the expenses of increasing system reliability and the potential costs and consequences of failure to future generations.",,10.1061/9780784479193,,,,,,,93,,"Adapting Infrastructure and Civil Engineering Practice to a Changing Climate",,2015,24558,31bf15ab-c374-4466-8b4c-894a527813cb,"Edited Report",/report/adapting-infrastructure-civil-engineering-practice-changing-climate
/reference/31e5ede2-090f-4240-bbb7-598afdd35a49,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/31e5ede2-090f-4240-bbb7-598afdd35a49,31e5ede2-090f-4240-bbb7-598afdd35a49,"Snapshot views of environmental policy integration (EPI) practices fail to consider the stability of EPI over time – both as aspiration and performance. This paper reviews the evolution of EPI over more than two decades at the national level in the agriculture and energy sectors in Sweden – an EPI pioneer. We study how the extent of EPI stability can be explained partly by shifting political priorities by governments and partly by underlying governance models (actors and organizational landscape and policy instruments used). Comparing the two sectors, the institutionalization of EPI appears to be stronger in the energy sector. In the agricultural sector, the current reform of the Common Agricultural Policy seems to imply decreasing prominence of EPI – due to shrinking budgets for environmental targets along with greater policy goals complexity. Overall, observed shifts in governance have been mildly conducive to EPI by providing an infrastructure, but further enhancements require clear political priority awarded to the environment.","Persson, Åsa; Eckerberg, Katarina; Nilsson, Måns",10.1177/0263774x15614726,,,,3,"Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy",,478-495,,"Institutionalization or wither away? Twenty-five years of environmental policy integration under shifting governance models in Sweden",34,2016,26463,31e5ede2-090f-4240-bbb7-598afdd35a49,"Journal Article",/article/10.1177/0263774x15614726
/reference/32420d63-0809-483b-abf5-453acdc6d168,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/32420d63-0809-483b-abf5-453acdc6d168,32420d63-0809-483b-abf5-453acdc6d168,,"Nelson, D.R.
Adger, W.N.
Brown, K.",10.1146/annurev.energy.32.051807.090348,,,,,"Annual Review of Environment and Resources",,395-419,,"Adaptation to environmental change: Contributions of a resilience framework",32,2007,2194,32420d63-0809-483b-abf5-453acdc6d168,"Journal Article",/article/10.1146/annurev.energy.32.051807.090348
/reference/35f9d6f9-e40b-4f51-9cf2-94e4052d7d88,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/35f9d6f9-e40b-4f51-9cf2-94e4052d7d88,35f9d6f9-e40b-4f51-9cf2-94e4052d7d88,"There is great interest in the restoration and conservation of coastal habitats for protection from flooding and erosion. This is evidenced by the growing number of analyses and reviews of the effectiveness of habitats as natural defences and increasing funding world-wide for nature-based defences–i.e. restoration projects aimed at coastal protection; yet, there is no synthetic information on what kinds of projects are effective and cost effective for this purpose. This paper addresses two issues critical for designing restoration projects for coastal protection: (i) a synthesis of the costs and benefits of projects designed for coastal protection (nature-based defences) and (ii) analyses of the effectiveness of coastal habitats (natural defences) in reducing wave heights and the biophysical parameters that influence this effectiveness. We (i) analyse data from sixty-nine field measurements in coastal habitats globally and examine measures of effectiveness of mangroves, salt-marshes, coral reefs and seagrass/kelp beds for wave height reduction; (ii) synthesise the costs and coastal protection benefits of fifty-two nature-based defence projects and; (iii) estimate the benefits of each restoration project by combining information on restoration costs with data from nearby field measurements. The analyses of field measurements show that coastal habitats have significant potential for reducing wave heights that varies by habitat and site. In general, coral reefs and salt-marshes have the highest overall potential. Habitat effectiveness is influenced by: a) the ratios of wave height-to-water depth and habitat width-to-wavelength in coral reefs; and b) the ratio of vegetation height-to-water depth in salt-marshes. The comparison of costs of nature-based defence projects and engineering structures show that salt-marshes and mangroves can be two to five times cheaper than a submerged breakwater for wave heights up to half a metre and, within their limits, become more cost effective at greater depths. Nature-based defence projects also report benefits ranging from reductions in storm damage to reductions in coastal structure costs.","Narayan, Siddharth; Beck, Michael W.; Reguero, Borja G.; Losada, Iñigo J.; van Wesenbeeck, Bregje; Pontee, Nigel; Sanchirico, James N.; Ingram, Jane Carter; Lange, Glenn-Marie; Burks-Copes, Kelly A.",10.1371/journal.pone.0154735,,,,5,"PLOS ONE",,e0154735,"Public Library of Science","The effectiveness, costs and coastal protection benefits of natural and nature-based defences",11,2016,26459,35f9d6f9-e40b-4f51-9cf2-94e4052d7d88,"Journal Article",/article/10.1371/journal.pone.0154735
/reference/37072456-2de9-47de-ad41-f6363df708e0,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/37072456-2de9-47de-ad41-f6363df708e0,37072456-2de9-47de-ad41-f6363df708e0,,"City of Los Angeles,",,,,,,,,,,"One water LA [web site]",,2018,26453,37072456-2de9-47de-ad41-f6363df708e0,"Web Page",/webpage/01e5735b-10eb-43ad-b47e-32d19cb69876
/reference/37e05b2c-e115-4d3f-a818-832f04942a5e,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/37e05b2c-e115-4d3f-a818-832f04942a5e,37e05b2c-e115-4d3f-a818-832f04942a5e,,"State of California,",,,,,,,,,"State of California, Ocean Protection Council","Planning for Sea-Level Rise Database  [web site]",,2014,24197,37e05b2c-e115-4d3f-a818-832f04942a5e,"Web Page",/webpage/efeeef20-4a99-4d1f-98ee-43fd26112987
/reference/38bbcdca-4467-458b-9dc6-352c41f9ecfb,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/38bbcdca-4467-458b-9dc6-352c41f9ecfb,38bbcdca-4467-458b-9dc6-352c41f9ecfb,,"Wentz, Jessica A.",10.7916/D870812J,,,,,"Environmental Law Reporter",,11015-11031,,"Assessing the impacts of climate change on the built environment: A framework for environmental reviews",45,2015,24156,38bbcdca-4467-458b-9dc6-352c41f9ecfb,"Journal Article",/article/10.7916/D870812J
/reference/39e9e9c3-5af7-402e-8d1c-d5cbcda98736,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/39e9e9c3-5af7-402e-8d1c-d5cbcda98736,39e9e9c3-5af7-402e-8d1c-d5cbcda98736,,"Renn, O.",,,,,,,,,Routledge,"Risk Governance: Coping with Uncertainty in a Complex World",,2008,4049,39e9e9c3-5af7-402e-8d1c-d5cbcda98736,Book,/book/7f3c6fe3-c37b-46cb-8093-56bdf503270b
/reference/3bae2310-7572-47e2-99a4-9e4276764934,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3bae2310-7572-47e2-99a4-9e4276764934,3bae2310-7572-47e2-99a4-9e4276764934,,"Sweet, W.V.; R. Horton; R.E. Kopp; A.N. LeGrande; A. Romanou",10.7930/J0VM49F2,,,,,,,333-363,"U.S. Global Change Research Program","Sea Level Rise",,2017,21570,3bae2310-7572-47e2-99a4-9e4276764934,"Book Section",/report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/sea-level-rise
/reference/3c3cc09b-c2d7-4c52-bf8f-c064efa78e93,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3c3cc09b-c2d7-4c52-bf8f-c064efa78e93,3c3cc09b-c2d7-4c52-bf8f-c064efa78e93,,"Vogel, Jason; Karen M. Carney; Joel B. Smith; Charles Herrick; Missy Stults; Megan O’Grady; Alexis St. Juliana; Heather Hosterman; Lorine Giangola",,,,,,,,,,"Climate Adaptation — The State of Practice in U.S. Communities",,2016,22874,3c3cc09b-c2d7-4c52-bf8f-c064efa78e93,Report,/report/climate-adaptation-state-practice-us-communities
/reference/3d19f4a6-97fc-4217-ad50-ac4214e6191a,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3d19f4a6-97fc-4217-ad50-ac4214e6191a,3d19f4a6-97fc-4217-ad50-ac4214e6191a,,"Pelling, Mark",,,,,,,,,Routledge,"Adaptation to Climate Change: From Resilience to Transformation",,2010,23634,3d19f4a6-97fc-4217-ad50-ac4214e6191a,Book,/book/adaptation-climate-change-resilience-transformation
/reference/3df7d31f-d9ce-4eab-8db0-87937fd3111f,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3df7d31f-d9ce-4eab-8db0-87937fd3111f,3df7d31f-d9ce-4eab-8db0-87937fd3111f,"The U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) was established in 1990 to “assist the Nation and the world to understand, assess, predict, and respond to human-induced and natural processes of global change.”1 A key responsibility for the program is to conduct National Climate Assessments (NCAs) every 4 years.2 These assessments are intended to inform the nation about “observed changes in climate, the current status of the climate, and anticipated trends for the future.” The USGCRP hopes that government entities from federal agencies to small municipalities, citizens, communities, and businesses will rely on these assessments of climate- related risks for planning and decision-making. The third NCA (NCA3) was published in 2014 and work on the fourth is beginning. The USGCRP asked the Board on Environmental Change and Society of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a workshop to explore ways to frame the NCA4 and subsequent NCA reports in terms of risks to society. The workshop was intended to collect experienced views on how to characterize and communicate information about climate-related hazards, risks, and opportunities that will support decision makers in their efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, reduce vulnerability to likely changes in climate, and increase resilience to those changes. Characterizing Risk in Climate Change Assessments summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.","National Academies of Sciences Engineering & Medicine,",10.17226/23569,,,,,,,,"The National Academies Press","Characterizing Risk in Climate Change Assessments: Proceedings of a Workshop",,2016,23652,3df7d31f-d9ce-4eab-8db0-87937fd3111f,Book,/book/characterizing-risk-climate-change-assessments-proceedings-workshop
/reference/3f6dbf56-0791-455d-ab97-24afdcc127a1,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3f6dbf56-0791-455d-ab97-24afdcc127a1,3f6dbf56-0791-455d-ab97-24afdcc127a1,,"Lonsdale, K.; Pringle, P.; Turner, B. L.",,,,,,,,40,,"Transformative adaptation: What it is, why it matters & what is needed",,2015,26477,3f6dbf56-0791-455d-ab97-24afdcc127a1,Report,/report/transformative-adaptation-what-it-is-why-it-matters-what-is-needed
/reference/40cd1072-ac17-4dfa-ba98-a554bf1a0458,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/40cd1072-ac17-4dfa-ba98-a554bf1a0458,40cd1072-ac17-4dfa-ba98-a554bf1a0458,,"Burch, S.",10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2009.11.009,,,0959-3780,2,"Global Environmental Change",,287-297,,"Transforming barriers into enablers of action on climate change: Insights from three municipal case studies in British Columbia, Canada",20,2010,1686,40cd1072-ac17-4dfa-ba98-a554bf1a0458,"Journal Article",/article/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2009.11.009
/reference/425c45e3-2450-48e1-8d9e-9580454ac2a8,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/425c45e3-2450-48e1-8d9e-9580454ac2a8,425c45e3-2450-48e1-8d9e-9580454ac2a8,"Social and ecological vulnerability to disasters and outcomes of any particular extreme event are influenced by buildup or erosion of resilience both before and after disasters occur. Resilient social-ecological systems incorporate diverse mechanisms for living with, and learning from, change and unexpected shocks. Disaster management requires multilevel governance systems that can enhance the capacity to cope with uncertainty and surprise by mobilizing diverse sources of resilience.","Adger, W. Neil; Hughes, Terry P.; Folke, Carl; Carpenter, Stephen R.; Rockström, Johan",10.1126/science.1112122,,,,5737,Science,,1036-1039,,"Social-ecological resilience to coastal disasters",309,2005,24192,425c45e3-2450-48e1-8d9e-9580454ac2a8,"Journal Article",/article/10.1126/science.1112122
/reference/44dd3160-74d0-4173-8ca4-b503fcd93615,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/44dd3160-74d0-4173-8ca4-b503fcd93615,44dd3160-74d0-4173-8ca4-b503fcd93615,"In the face of a changing climate, many United States (US) local governments are creating plans to prepare. These plans layout how a community is vulnerable to existing and future changes in climate as well as what actions they propose taking to prepare. The actions included in these plans provide insight into what local governments feel they have the ability to undertake, as well as what actions they believe are important to building resilience. To date, little to no analysis has been conducted on the content of these plans, leaving researchers, practitioners, and those supporting communities with limited understanding of what gaps need to be filled or how best to support locally prioritized climate action. This paper analyzes the content of 43 stand alone climate adaptation plans from US local communities to identify the types of actions proposed and how those actions compare to what researchers indicate the communities should be prioritizing based on regional climate projections. The results indicate that local communities include numerous and varied actions in their adaptation plans and that the majority of communities are selecting actions that are theoretically appropriate given projected changes in regional climate. Yet some types of actions, such as building codes and advocacy, are not being widely used. These results contrast with previous studies, which found that local communities focus primarily on capacity building approaches. Findings also demonstrate that plans rarely contain significant details about how actions will be implemented, raising questions about whether plans will translate into real-world projects.","Stults, Missy; Woodruff, Sierra C.",10.1007/s11027-016-9725-9,,,1573-1596,8,"Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change",,1249-1279,,"Looking under the hood of local adaptation plans: Shedding light on the actions prioritized to build local resilience to climate change",22,2017,24168,44dd3160-74d0-4173-8ca4-b503fcd93615,"Journal Article",/article/10.1007/s11027-016-9725-9
/reference/4c92405f-7756-474c-b8d9-a251d29823ab,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/4c92405f-7756-474c-b8d9-a251d29823ab,4c92405f-7756-474c-b8d9-a251d29823ab,,"TCFD,",,,,,,,,66,,"Final Report: Recommendations of the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures",,2017,24165,4c92405f-7756-474c-b8d9-a251d29823ab,Report,/report/final-report-recommendations-task-force-on-climate-related-financial-disclosures
/reference/4eee7d3c-08b0-4157-b709-86bf2d117793,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/4eee7d3c-08b0-4157-b709-86bf2d117793,4eee7d3c-08b0-4157-b709-86bf2d117793,,"Haasnoot, Marjolijn; Kwakkel, Jan H.; Walker, Warren E.; ter Maat, Judith",10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.12.006,,,0959-3780,2,"Global Environmental Change",,485-498,,"Dynamic adaptive policy pathways: A method for crafting robust decisions for a deeply uncertain world",23,2013,25878,4eee7d3c-08b0-4157-b709-86bf2d117793,"Journal Article",/article/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.12.006
/reference/4f95fb40-b0b0-49b1-9c15-82b5bf241e7d,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/4f95fb40-b0b0-49b1-9c15-82b5bf241e7d,4f95fb40-b0b0-49b1-9c15-82b5bf241e7d,,"NDRC,",,,,,,,,[7],,"National Disaster Resilience Competition (NDRC): Phase 2 Fact Sheet",,2015,26464,4f95fb40-b0b0-49b1-9c15-82b5bf241e7d,Report,/report/national-disaster-resilience-competition-ndrc-phase-2-fact-sheet
/reference/51ab8241-826f-4f00-b6db-5090ed0c0932,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/51ab8241-826f-4f00-b6db-5090ed0c0932,51ab8241-826f-4f00-b6db-5090ed0c0932,,"Nordgren, John; Stults, Missy; Meerow, Sara",10.1016/j.envsci.2016.05.006,,,1462-9011,,"Environmental Science & Policy",,344-352,,"Supporting local climate change adaptation: Where we are and where we need to go",66,2016,24179,51ab8241-826f-4f00-b6db-5090ed0c0932,"Journal Article",/article/10.1016/j.envsci.2016.05.006
/reference/5239d072-e6d2-4d86-baa3-f978a93c48e1,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/5239d072-e6d2-4d86-baa3-f978a93c48e1,5239d072-e6d2-4d86-baa3-f978a93c48e1,,"Multihazard Mitigation Council,",,,,,,,,340,,"Natural Hazard Mitigation Saves: 2017 Interim Report - An Independent Study",,2017,25481,5239d072-e6d2-4d86-baa3-f978a93c48e1,Report,/report/natural-hazard-mitigation-saves-2017-interim-report-an-independent-study
/reference/52ce1b63-1b04-4728-9f1b-daee39af665e,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/52ce1b63-1b04-4728-9f1b-daee39af665e,52ce1b63-1b04-4728-9f1b-daee39af665e,,"Kossin, J.P.; T. Hall; T. Knutson; K.E. Kunkel; R.J. Trapp; D.E. Waliser; M.F. Wehner",10.7930/J07S7KXX,,,,,,,257-276,"U.S. Global Change Research Program","Extreme Storms",,2017,21567,52ce1b63-1b04-4728-9f1b-daee39af665e,"Book Section",/report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/extreme-storms
/reference/53b26b71-645b-460d-aecd-77e661106817,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/53b26b71-645b-460d-aecd-77e661106817,53b26b71-645b-460d-aecd-77e661106817,,"Kates, R.W.
Travis, W.R.
Wilbanks, T.J.",10.1073/pnas.1115521109,,,0027-8424,19,"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",,7156-7161,,"Transformational adaptation when incremental adaptations to climate change are insufficient",109,2012,1685,53b26b71-645b-460d-aecd-77e661106817,"Journal Article",/article/10.1073/pnas.1115521109
/reference/559b03da-b31b-4ea1-a797-73d17aeac6e9,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/559b03da-b31b-4ea1-a797-73d17aeac6e9,559b03da-b31b-4ea1-a797-73d17aeac6e9,,,,,,,,,,,"ABA Book Publishing","The Law of Adaptation to Climate Change: U.S. and International Aspects",,2012,24202,559b03da-b31b-4ea1-a797-73d17aeac6e9,"Edited Book",/book/law-adaptation-climate-change-us-international-aspects
/reference/56e2f753-faa4-4f16-b34b-ee1c3b48e6d3,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/56e2f753-faa4-4f16-b34b-ee1c3b48e6d3,56e2f753-faa4-4f16-b34b-ee1c3b48e6d3,"Recent controversy has led to calls for increased standardization and transparency in the methods used to synthesize climate change research. Though these debates have focused largely on the biophysical dimensions of climate change, human dimensions research is equally in need of improved methodological approaches for research synthesis. Systematic review approaches, and more recently realist review methods, have been used within the health sciences for decades to guide research synthesis. Despite this, penetration of these approaches into the social and environmental sciences has been limited. Here, we present an analysis of approaches for systematic review and research synthesis and examine their applicability in an adaptation context. Customized review frameworks informed by systematic approaches to research synthesis provide a conceptually appropriate and practical opportunity for increasing methodological transparency and rigor in synthesizing and tracking adaptation research. This review highlights innovative applications of systematic approaches, with a focus on the unique challenges of integrating multiple data sources and formats in reviewing climate change adaptation policy and practice. We present guidelines, key considerations, and recommendations for systematic review in the social sciences in general and adaptation research in particular. We conclude by calling for increased conceptual and methodological development of systematic review approaches to address the methodological challenges of synthesizing and tracking adaptation to climate change.","Berrang-Ford, Lea; Pearce, Tristan; Ford, James D.",10.1007/s10113-014-0708-7,,,1436-378X,5,"Regional Environmental Change",,755-769,,"Systematic review approaches for climate change adaptation research",15,2015,24190,56e2f753-faa4-4f16-b34b-ee1c3b48e6d3,"Journal Article",/article/10.1007/s10113-014-0708-7
/reference/580f7af6-b0eb-4ebb-8da4-ab0a0b8ef68b,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/580f7af6-b0eb-4ebb-8da4-ab0a0b8ef68b,580f7af6-b0eb-4ebb-8da4-ab0a0b8ef68b,,IPCC,,,,,,,,,"Cambridge University Press","Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change",,2007,463,580f7af6-b0eb-4ebb-8da4-ab0a0b8ef68b,Book,/report/ipcc-ar4-wg2
/reference/59232382-fba4-4674-9ed0-4f84fe74dec2,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/59232382-fba4-4674-9ed0-4f84fe74dec2,59232382-fba4-4674-9ed0-4f84fe74dec2,,"TCFD,",,,,,,,,66,,"Draft Report: Recommendations of the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures",,2016,24166,59232382-fba4-4674-9ed0-4f84fe74dec2,Report,/report/draft-report-recommendations-task-force-on-climate-related-financial-disclosures
/reference/599704e0-3f9a-4b1c-8178-b674756b0184,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/599704e0-3f9a-4b1c-8178-b674756b0184,599704e0-3f9a-4b1c-8178-b674756b0184,,"Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority of Louisiana,",,,,,,,,171,,"Louisiana’s Comprehensive Master Plan for a Sustainable Coast",,2017,24455,599704e0-3f9a-4b1c-8178-b674756b0184,Report,/report/louisiana-sustainable-coast-master-plan-2012
/reference/59fc82c6-f8e3-4e29-bf4e-27b57248bb61,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/59fc82c6-f8e3-4e29-bf4e-27b57248bb61,59fc82c6-f8e3-4e29-bf4e-27b57248bb61,,"Turner, Andrea; Stuart White; Joanne Chong; Mary Ann Dickinson; Heather Cooley; Kristina Donnelly",,,,,,,,93,,"Managing drought: Learning from Australia",,2016,24160,59fc82c6-f8e3-4e29-bf4e-27b57248bb61,Report,/report/managing-drought-learning-australia
/reference/5aedfd0b-464b-4d27-8df5-f04ca85ce6f9,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/5aedfd0b-464b-4d27-8df5-f04ca85ce6f9,5aedfd0b-464b-4d27-8df5-f04ca85ce6f9,,"Hilly, Geofrey; Vojinovic, Zoran; Weesakul, Sutat; Sanchez, Arlex; Hoang, Duc; Djordjevic, Slobodan; Chen, Albert; Evans, Barry",10.3390/w10010081,,,2073-4441,1,Water,,81,,"Methodological framework for analysing cascading effects from flood events: The case of Sukhumvit Area, Bangkok, Thailand",10,2018,26450,5aedfd0b-464b-4d27-8df5-f04ca85ce6f9,"Journal Article",/article/10.3390/w10010081
/reference/5edb0ad5-a072-4e93-ab76-3dc590f85e47,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/5edb0ad5-a072-4e93-ab76-3dc590f85e47,5edb0ad5-a072-4e93-ab76-3dc590f85e47,,"National Park Service,",,,,,,,,50,,"Foundation Document: Fort Pulaski National Monument",,2016,26705,5edb0ad5-a072-4e93-ab76-3dc590f85e47,Report,/report/foundation-document-fort-pulaski-national-monument
/reference/5f02165e-9a74-4481-8551-b39966625587,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/5f02165e-9a74-4481-8551-b39966625587,5f02165e-9a74-4481-8551-b39966625587,,"Sen, Amartya",,,,,,,,,"Belknap Press","The Idea of Justice",,2011,24171,5f02165e-9a74-4481-8551-b39966625587,Book,/book/idea-justice
/reference/5f53e4da-fd10-4c8d-8bc6-bcbc50c16c87,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/5f53e4da-fd10-4c8d-8bc6-bcbc50c16c87,5f53e4da-fd10-4c8d-8bc6-bcbc50c16c87,,"Wilhite, Donald A.; Pulwarty, Roger S.",,,,,,,,,"Taylor & Francis Group, CRC Press","Drought and Water Crises: Integrating Science, Management, and Policy",,2017,26476,5f53e4da-fd10-4c8d-8bc6-bcbc50c16c87,"Electronic Book",/book/drought-water-crises-integrating-science-management-policy
/reference/60233f20-d45f-4086-ada7-00dbd47712c3,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/60233f20-d45f-4086-ada7-00dbd47712c3,60233f20-d45f-4086-ada7-00dbd47712c3,"We reviewed existing and planned adaptation activities of federal, tribal, state, and local governments and the private sector in the United States (U.S.) to understand what types of adaptation activities are underway across different sectors and scales throughout the country. Primary sources of review included material officially submitted for consideration in the upcoming 2013 U.S. National Climate Assessment and supplemental peer-reviewed and grey literature. Although substantial adaptation planning is occurring in various sectors, levels of government, and the private sector, few measures have been implemented and even fewer have been evaluated. Most adaptation actions to date appear to be incremental changes, not the transformational changes that may be needed in certain cases to adapt to significant changes in climate. While there appear to be no one-size-fits-all adaptations, there are similarities in approaches across scales and sectors, including mainstreaming climate considerations into existing policies and plans, and pursuing no- and low-regrets strategies. Despite the positive momentum in recent years, barriers to implementation still impede action in all sectors and across scales. The most significant barriers include lack of funding, policy and institutional constraints, and difficulty in anticipating climate change given the current state of information on change. However, the practice of adaptation can advance through learning by doing, stakeholder engagements (including “listening sessions”), and sharing of best practices. Efforts to advance adaptation across the U.S. and globally will necessitate the reduction or elimination of barriers, the enhancement of information and best practice sharing mechanisms, and the creation of comprehensive adaptation evaluation metrics.","Bierbaum, Rosina; Smith, Joel B.; Lee, Arthur; Blair, Maria; Carter, Lynne; Chapin, F. Stuart; Fleming, Paul; Ruffo, Susan; Stults, Missy; McNeeley, Shannon; Wasley, Emily; Verduzco, Laura",10.1007/s11027-012-9423-1,,,1573-1596,3,"Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change",,361-406,,"A comprehensive review of climate adaptation in the United States: More than before, but less than needed",18,2013,22963,60233f20-d45f-4086-ada7-00dbd47712c3,"Journal Article",/article/10.1007/s11027-012-9423-1
/reference/60586206-212d-45ab-9e2d-9f55b6f707b2,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/60586206-212d-45ab-9e2d-9f55b6f707b2,60586206-212d-45ab-9e2d-9f55b6f707b2,,"De Neufville, Richard; Stefan Scholtes",,,,,,,,,"MIT Press","Flexibility in Engineering Design",,2011,25879,60586206-212d-45ab-9e2d-9f55b6f707b2,Book,/book/flexibility-engineering-design
/reference/622154ca-3347-4abe-9090-2f48025f383f,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/622154ca-3347-4abe-9090-2f48025f383f,622154ca-3347-4abe-9090-2f48025f383f,"Anticipation is increasingly central to urgent contemporary debates, from climate change to the global economic crisis. Anticipatory practices are coming to the forefront of political, organizational, and citizens’ society. Research into anticipation, however, has not kept pace with public demand for insights into anticipatory practices, their risks and uses. Where research exists, it is deeply fragmented. This paper seeks to identify how anticipation is defined and understood in the literature and to explore the role of anticipatory practice to address individual, social, and global challenges. We use a resilience lens to examine these questions. We illustrate how varying forms of anticipatory governance are enhanced by multi-scale regional networks and technologies and by the agency of individuals, drawing from an empirical case study on regional water governance of Mälaren, Sweden. Finally, we discuss how an anticipatory approach can inform adaptive institutions, decision making, strategy formation, and societal resilience.","Boyd, Emily; Nykvist, Björn; Borgström, Sara; Stacewicz, Izabela A.",10.1007/s13280-014-0604-x,,,1654-7209,1,AMBIO,,149-161,,"Anticipatory governance for social-ecological resilience",44,2015,25877,622154ca-3347-4abe-9090-2f48025f383f,"Journal Article",/article/10.1007/s13280-014-0604-x
/reference/65de28a7-4844-427c-9681-0fe77bd25666,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/65de28a7-4844-427c-9681-0fe77bd25666,65de28a7-4844-427c-9681-0fe77bd25666,"With hard-to-predict changes in future demand, climate, supply options, technological opportunities, and budgetary constraints, water agency plans should be flexible and robust, designed to meet agency goals over a wide range of plausible future conditions. But current state-of-the-art approaches to water planning make it difficult to craft flexible and robust plans to guide resource allocation and facilitate discussions with the agency’s constituents and ratepayers. This paper describes an innovative effort by one agency, the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (termed Metropolitan), to begin to address these challenges. Metropolitan’s year 2010 integrated resources plan (IRP) update specifies resource allocations over 25 years and calls for an adaptive management approach to revisit these allocations over time. Using a quantitative decision support approach called robust decision-making (RDM), an enhanced version of Metropolitan’s main planning model was run, over many thousands of cases representing different combinations of assumptions about future demand, conditions in the bay/delta, climate conditions, local resource yields, and implementation challenges. Statistical cluster analysis on the resulting database of model runs identifies scenarios that succinctly summarize the types of future conditions in which the IRP core resources strategy does and does not meet its goals. These scenarios inform early warning indicators that can guide the adaptive management component of the IRP. The robust decision methods presented in this paper should prove broadly useful for Metropolitan in addition to other water agencies seeking to develop robust and adaptive plans in the face of uncertain future conditions.","Groves, David G.; Evan Bloom; Robert J. Lempert; Jordan R. Fischbach; Jennifer Nevills; Brandon Goshi",10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000471,,,,7,"Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management",,05014008,,"Developing Key Indicators for Adaptive Water Planning",141,2015,24183,65de28a7-4844-427c-9681-0fe77bd25666,"Journal Article",/article/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000471
/reference/65e835fc-12c9-4be0-9102-d6fea2af3d38,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/65e835fc-12c9-4be0-9102-d6fea2af3d38,65e835fc-12c9-4be0-9102-d6fea2af3d38,,"Metropolitan Water District of Southern California,",,,,,,,,various,,"Integrated Water Resources Plan: 2015 Update",,2016,25889,65e835fc-12c9-4be0-9102-d6fea2af3d38,Report,/report/integrated-water-resources-plan-2015-update
/reference/666daffe-2c3b-4e2d-9157-16b989860618,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/666daffe-2c3b-4e2d-9157-16b989860618,666daffe-2c3b-4e2d-9157-16b989860618,,"Wuebbles, D.J.; D.R. Easterling; K. Hayhoe; T. Knutson; R.E. Kopp; J.P. Kossin; K.E. Kunkel; A.N. LeGrande; C. Mears; W.V. Sweet; P.C. Taylor; R.S. Vose; M.F. Wehner",10.7930/J08S4N35,,,,,,,35-72,"U.S. Global Change Research Program","Our Globally Changing Climate",,2017,21559,666daffe-2c3b-4e2d-9157-16b989860618,"Book Section",/report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/our-changing-climate
/reference/667fa090-64be-48dc-b957-eedc419cb5fc,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/667fa090-64be-48dc-b957-eedc419cb5fc,667fa090-64be-48dc-b957-eedc419cb5fc,,"Renn, Ortwin; Graham, Peter",,,,,,,,156,,"Risk Governance: Towards an Integrative Approach",,2005,25890,667fa090-64be-48dc-b957-eedc419cb5fc,Report,/report/risk-governance-towards-an-integrative-approach
/reference/669a3f7e-98e8-481a-b920-eded58bdb962,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/669a3f7e-98e8-481a-b920-eded58bdb962,669a3f7e-98e8-481a-b920-eded58bdb962,,"Reclamation,",,,,,,,,95,,"Colorado River Basin Water Supply and Demand Study. Study Report. December 2012. Prepared by the Colorado River Basin Water Supply and Demand Study Team",,2012,4010,669a3f7e-98e8-481a-b920-eded58bdb962,Report,/report/usbr-crbwsds-2012
/reference/6e83fde3-5f98-4fd1-ae2c-d11aced414ac,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/6e83fde3-5f98-4fd1-ae2c-d11aced414ac,6e83fde3-5f98-4fd1-ae2c-d11aced414ac,,"Gordon, Kate; the Risky Business Project,",,,,,,,,51,,"The economic risks of climate change in the United States : A climate risk assessment for the United States",,2014,23096,6e83fde3-5f98-4fd1-ae2c-d11aced414ac,Report,/report/riskybusiness-2014
/reference/7147b75e-8c1d-4de4-b21a-3f792ae52012,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7147b75e-8c1d-4de4-b21a-3f792ae52012,7147b75e-8c1d-4de4-b21a-3f792ae52012,,"World Bank,",,,,,,,,101,,"Economics of adaptation to climate change. Synthesis report",,2010,26468,7147b75e-8c1d-4de4-b21a-3f792ae52012,Report,/report/economics-adaptation-climate-change-synthesis-report
/reference/717aaa1f-0804-4a6e-b333-2f3a3bbcc91c,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/717aaa1f-0804-4a6e-b333-2f3a3bbcc91c,717aaa1f-0804-4a6e-b333-2f3a3bbcc91c,,"State of Massachusetts,",,,,,,,,,,"Massachusetts General Laws, Part I, Title III, Ch. 30, Section 61",,2012,2935,717aaa1f-0804-4a6e-b333-2f3a3bbcc91c,"Web Page",/webpage/8a1489a7-034c-45f7-b78e-d8b378db35a4
/reference/73104463-cc43-4565-ae12-d632d7705dc7,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/73104463-cc43-4565-ae12-d632d7705dc7,73104463-cc43-4565-ae12-d632d7705dc7,,"Hardy, Dean; Heather Lazrus; Michael Mendez; Ben Orlove; Isabel Rivera-Collazo; J. Timmons Roberts; Marcy Rockman; Kimberley Thomas; Benjamin P. Warner; Robert Winthrop",,,,,,,,38,,"Social vulnerability: Social science perspectives on climate change, part 1",,2018,26083,73104463-cc43-4565-ae12-d632d7705dc7,Report,/report/social-vulnerability-social-science-perspectives-on-climate-change-part-1
/reference/752c21df-b039-4e4c-a2e7-9c9d6b2a5dd3,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/752c21df-b039-4e4c-a2e7-9c9d6b2a5dd3,752c21df-b039-4e4c-a2e7-9c9d6b2a5dd3,,"Kunreuther, Howard; Michel-Kerjan, Erwann; Pauly, Mark",10.1080/00139157.2013.803884,,,0013-9157,4,"Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development",,15-23,Routledge,"Making America more resilient toward natural disasters: A call for action",55,2013,24181,752c21df-b039-4e4c-a2e7-9c9d6b2a5dd3,"Journal Article",/article/10.1080/00139157.2013.803884
/reference/75984aed-3a57-4d86-83a1-6e38318bd179,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/75984aed-3a57-4d86-83a1-6e38318bd179,75984aed-3a57-4d86-83a1-6e38318bd179,,"Radtke Russell, Pam",,,,,,,,,,"Special report: How engineers are preparing for sea-level rise",,2017,24173,75984aed-3a57-4d86-83a1-6e38318bd179,"Electronic Article",/generic/446c8b5b-785e-4b3f-95ee-4700540fad54
/reference/759e535a-3c9f-4b7e-886b-2d91421dca36,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/759e535a-3c9f-4b7e-886b-2d91421dca36,759e535a-3c9f-4b7e-886b-2d91421dca36,,"CBO,",,,,,,,,31,,"Public Spending on Transportation and Water Infrastructure, 1956 to 2014",,2015,25886,759e535a-3c9f-4b7e-886b-2d91421dca36,Report,/report/public-spending-on-transportation-water-infrastructure-1956-2014
/reference/7731977c-70ab-4f6e-bec2-272357e4f71c,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7731977c-70ab-4f6e-bec2-272357e4f71c,7731977c-70ab-4f6e-bec2-272357e4f71c,,"NRC,",,,,,,,,,"National Research Council. The National Academies Press","America’s Climate Choices",,2011,2308,7731977c-70ab-4f6e-bec2-272357e4f71c,Book,/report/nrc-americasclimatechoices-2011
/reference/778ce8b0-173f-4e93-90b1-9b933dc88945,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/778ce8b0-173f-4e93-90b1-9b933dc88945,778ce8b0-173f-4e93-90b1-9b933dc88945,,"Keeney, Ralph L.; Raiffa, Howard",,,,,,,,,"Cambridge University Press","Decisions with Multiple Objectives: Preferences and Value Tradeoffs",,1993,24208,778ce8b0-173f-4e93-90b1-9b933dc88945,Book,/book/8c1e8387-d8a8-4cf6-b671-a48131705180
/reference/78dc4d76-3faa-4215-a9bd-1cad6fcb08fc,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/78dc4d76-3faa-4215-a9bd-1cad6fcb08fc,78dc4d76-3faa-4215-a9bd-1cad6fcb08fc,,"Magis, Kristen",10.1080/08941920903305674,,,0894-1920,5,"Society & Natural Resources",,401-416,Routledge,"Community resilience: An indicator of social sustainability",23,2010,26706,78dc4d76-3faa-4215-a9bd-1cad6fcb08fc,"Journal Article",/article/10.1080/08941920903305674
/reference/79a6339f-40c3-44e8-94cf-508335da2332,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/79a6339f-40c3-44e8-94cf-508335da2332,79a6339f-40c3-44e8-94cf-508335da2332,,"Hinkel, Jochen; Sukaina Bharwani; Alexander Bisaro; Timothy Carter; Tracy Cull; Marion Davis; Richard Klein; Kate Lonsdale; Lynn Rosentrater; Katharine Vincent",,,,,,,,16,,"PROVIA Guidance on Assessing Vulnerability, Impacts and Adaptation to Climate Change",,2013,24203,79a6339f-40c3-44e8-94cf-508335da2332,Report,/report/provia-guidance-on-assessing-vulnerability-impacts-adaptation-climate-change
/reference/7ab8b14a-38c7-4128-b0e3-fe1ab65edac0,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7ab8b14a-38c7-4128-b0e3-fe1ab65edac0,7ab8b14a-38c7-4128-b0e3-fe1ab65edac0,,"NRC,",,,,,,,,,"National Research Council, Panel on Strategies and Methods for Climate-Related Decision Support, Committee on the Human Dimensions of Global Change, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. National Academies Press","Informing Decisions in a Changing Climate",,2009,2294,7ab8b14a-38c7-4128-b0e3-fe1ab65edac0,Book,/report/nrc-inform-decisions-2009
/reference/7c6764e3-569f-4b63-a9d6-18271feb389f,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7c6764e3-569f-4b63-a9d6-18271feb389f,7c6764e3-569f-4b63-a9d6-18271feb389f,,"Sankovich, Victoria; Subhrendu Gangopadhyay; Tom Pruitt; R. Jason Caldwell",,,,,,,,41,,"Los Angeles Basin Stormwater Conservation Study: Task 3.1. Development of Climate-Adjusted Hydrologic Model Inputs",,2013,24172,7c6764e3-569f-4b63-a9d6-18271feb389f,Report,/report/los-angeles-basin-stormwater-conservation-study-task-31-development-climate-adjusted-hydrologic-model-inputs
/reference/7cc66df9-a812-432d-940e-f7dd12afdff9,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7cc66df9-a812-432d-940e-f7dd12afdff9,7cc66df9-a812-432d-940e-f7dd12afdff9,,"Flatt, Victor B.",,,,1045-4241,1,"Florida Law Review",,269-293,,"Adapting laws for a changing world: A systemic approach to climate change adaptation",64,2012,25883,7cc66df9-a812-432d-940e-f7dd12afdff9,"Journal Article",/article/adapting-laws-changing-world-systemic-approach-climate-change-adaptation
/reference/7cf7b8c5-ee08-4aca-a62a-5e4d14e6647d,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7cf7b8c5-ee08-4aca-a62a-5e4d14e6647d,7cf7b8c5-ee08-4aca-a62a-5e4d14e6647d,,"Carpenter, S.R.
Brock, W.A.",,,,1708-3087,2,"Ecology and Society",,40,,"Adaptive capacity and traps",13,2008,48,7cf7b8c5-ee08-4aca-a62a-5e4d14e6647d,"Journal Article",/article/adaptive-capacity-and-traps
/reference/7d438221-e513-4fcd-9292-c76c98e51811,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7d438221-e513-4fcd-9292-c76c98e51811,7d438221-e513-4fcd-9292-c76c98e51811,,"Yohe, Gary W.",10.1023/a:1010677916703,,,1573-1480,3,"Climatic Change",,247-262,,"Mitigative capacity — The mirror image of adaptive capacity on the emissions side",49,2001,26467,7d438221-e513-4fcd-9292-c76c98e51811,"Journal Article",/article/10.1023/a:1010677916703
/reference/7f82fc68-c98e-49e1-ac20-8193e2b53491,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7f82fc68-c98e-49e1-ac20-8193e2b53491,7f82fc68-c98e-49e1-ac20-8193e2b53491,,"Park, S. E.; Marshall, N. A.; Jakku, E.; Dowd, A. M.; Howden, S. M.; Mendham, E.; Fleming, A.",10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.10.003,,,0959-3780,1,"Global Environmental Change",,115-126,,"Informing adaptation responses to climate change through theories of transformation",22,2012,24177,7f82fc68-c98e-49e1-ac20-8193e2b53491,"Journal Article",/article/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.10.003
/reference/7f8b90be-c5d1-43b5-8b7f-a485ef08c7ec,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7f8b90be-c5d1-43b5-8b7f-a485ef08c7ec,7f8b90be-c5d1-43b5-8b7f-a485ef08c7ec,,"Jones, R. N.; Patwardhan, A.; Cohen, S. J.; Dessai, S.; Lammel, A.; Lempert, R. J.; Mirza, M. M. Q.; von Storch, H.",,,,,,,,195-228,"Cambridge University Press","Foundations for decision making",,2014,17686,7f8b90be-c5d1-43b5-8b7f-a485ef08c7ec,"Book Section",/report/ipcc-ar5-wg2-parta/chapter/wg2-ar5-chap2-final
/reference/7f9ac45f-e1d5-4bd5-b55d-c92ef8dcbaaa,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7f9ac45f-e1d5-4bd5-b55d-c92ef8dcbaaa,7f9ac45f-e1d5-4bd5-b55d-c92ef8dcbaaa,,"Hess, J.J.
McDowell, J.Z.
Luber, G.",10.1289/ehp.1103515,,,0091-6765,2,"Environmental Health Perspectives",,171-179,,"Integrating climate change adaptation into public health practice: Using adaptive management to increase adaptive capacity and build resilience",120,2012,978,7f9ac45f-e1d5-4bd5-b55d-c92ef8dcbaaa,"Journal Article",/article/10.1289/ehp.1103515
/reference/821bd4c6-8869-4d66-991a-7a4e21dfa367,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/821bd4c6-8869-4d66-991a-7a4e21dfa367,821bd4c6-8869-4d66-991a-7a4e21dfa367,,,10.1002/9781118474785,,,,,,,,"John Wiley & Sons","Climate in Context: Science and Society Partnering for Adaptation",,2016,25881,821bd4c6-8869-4d66-991a-7a4e21dfa367,"Edited Book",/book/climate-context-science-society-partnering-adaptation
/reference/82569165-69aa-4c87-9105-b00aeeac5d05,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/82569165-69aa-4c87-9105-b00aeeac5d05,82569165-69aa-4c87-9105-b00aeeac5d05,"Climate change adaptation is a rapidly evolving field in conservation biology and includes a range of strategies from resisting to actively directing change on the landscape. The term ‘climate change resilience,’ frequently used to characterize adaptation strategies, deserves closer scrutiny because it is ambiguous, often misunderstood, and difficult to apply consistently across disciplines and spatial and temporal scales to support conservation efforts. Current definitions of resilience encompass all aspects of adaptation from resisting and absorbing change to reorganizing and transforming in response to climate change. However, many stakeholders are unfamiliar with this spectrum of definitions and assume the more common meaning of returning to a previous state after a disturbance. Climate change, however, is unrelenting and intensifying, characterized by both directional shifts in baseline conditions and increasing variability in extreme events. This ongoing change means that scientific understanding and management responses must develop concurrently, iteratively, and collaboratively, in a science-management partnership. Divergent concepts of climate change resilience impede cross-jurisdictional adaptation efforts and complicate use of adaptive management frameworks. Climate change adaptation practitioners require clear terminology to articulate management strategies and the inherent tradeoffs involved in adaptation. Language that distinguishes among strategies that seek to resist change, accommodate change, and direct change (i.e., persistence, autonomous change, and directed change) is prerequisite to clear communication about climate change adaptation goals and management intentions in conservation areas.","Fisichelli, Nicholas A.; Schuurman, Gregor W.; Hoffman, Cat Hawkins",10.1007/s00267-015-0650-6,,,1432-1009,4,"Environmental Management",,753-758,,"Is ""resilience"" maladaptive? Towards an accurate lexicon for climate change adaptation",57,2016,24185,82569165-69aa-4c87-9105-b00aeeac5d05,"Journal Article",/article/10.1007/s00267-015-0650-6
/reference/8359f36b-30d8-4c57-aff5-9b1dcbee1ec7,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8359f36b-30d8-4c57-aff5-9b1dcbee1ec7,8359f36b-30d8-4c57-aff5-9b1dcbee1ec7,,"IPCC,",,,,,,,,151,,"Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change",,2014,26457,8359f36b-30d8-4c57-aff5-9b1dcbee1ec7,Report,/report/climate-change-2014-synthesis-report-contribution-working-groups-i-ii-iii-fifth-assessment-report-intergovernmental-panel-on-climate-change
/reference/8a4248ca-3d8c-4bdb-a28d-292a149733ba,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8a4248ca-3d8c-4bdb-a28d-292a149733ba,8a4248ca-3d8c-4bdb-a28d-292a149733ba,"The 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris (COP21) highlighted the importance of cities to climate action, as well as the unjust burdens borne by the world's most disadvantaged peoples in addressing climate impacts. Few studies have documented the barriers to redressing the drivers of social vulnerability as part of urban local climate change adaptation efforts, or evaluated how emerging adaptation plans impact marginalized groups. Here, we present a roadmap to reorient research on the social dimensions of urban climate adaptation around four issues of equity and justice: (1) broadening participation in adaptation planning; (2) expanding adaptation to rapidly growing cities and those with low financial or institutional capacity; (3) adopting a multilevel and multi-scalar approach to adaptation planning; and (4) integrating justice into infrastructure and urban design processes. Responding to these empirical and theoretical research needs is the first step towards identifying pathways to more transformative adaptation policies.","Shi, L. D.; Chu, E.; Anguelovski, I.; Aylett, A.; Debats, J.; Goh, K.; Schenk, T.; Seto, K. C.; Dodman, D.; Roberts, D.; Roberts, J. T.; VanDeveer, S. D.",10.1038/nclimate2841,,,1758-678X,2,"Nature Climate Change",,131-137,,"Roadmap towards justice in urban climate adaptation research",6,2016,22846,8a4248ca-3d8c-4bdb-a28d-292a149733ba,"Journal Article",/article/10.1038/nclimate2841
/reference/8a61b1a7-bb52-496d-86f7-21911efcf5f8,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8a61b1a7-bb52-496d-86f7-21911efcf5f8,8a61b1a7-bb52-496d-86f7-21911efcf5f8,"Adaptation planning offers a promising approach for identifying and devising solutions to address local climate change impacts. Yet there is little empirical understanding of the content and quality of these plans. We use content analysis to evaluate 44 local adaptation plans in the United States and multivariate regression to examine how plan quality varies across communities. We find that plans draw on multiple data sources to analyse future climate impacts and include a breadth of strategies. Most plans, however, fail to prioritize impacts and strategies or provide detailed implementation processes, raising concerns about whether adaptation plans will translate into on-the-ground reductions in vulnerability. Our analysis also finds that plans authored by the planning department and those that engaged elected officials in the planning process were of higher quality. The results provide important insights for practitioners, policymakers and scientists wanting to improve local climate adaptation planning and action.","Woodruff, Sierra C.; Stults, Missy",10.1038/nclimate3012,,,1758-678X,8,"Nature Climate Change",,796-802,"Nature Publishing Group","Numerous strategies but limited implementation guidance in US local adaptation plans",6,2016,21160,8a61b1a7-bb52-496d-86f7-21911efcf5f8,"Journal Article",/article/10.1038/nclimate3012
/reference/8b64b417-94b5-4510-94f2-b4a35b53f06d,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8b64b417-94b5-4510-94f2-b4a35b53f06d,8b64b417-94b5-4510-94f2-b4a35b53f06d,,"Sussman, Fran
Krishnan, Nisha
Maher, Kathryn
Miller, Rawlings
Mack, Charlotte
Stewart, Paul
Shouse, Kate
Perkins, Bill",10.1080/14693062.2013.777604,,,1469-3062,2,"Climate Policy",,242-282,,"Climate change adaptation cost in the US: What do we know?",14,2014,4247,8b64b417-94b5-4510-94f2-b4a35b53f06d,"Journal Article",/article/10.1080/14693062.2013.777604
/reference/8bab3a73-3935-477f-be6e-bd6ee92e5e28,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8bab3a73-3935-477f-be6e-bd6ee92e5e28,8bab3a73-3935-477f-be6e-bd6ee92e5e28,,"Bowles, Devin C.; Butler, Colin D.; Friel, Sharon",10.1002/2013ef000177,,,2328-4277,2,"Earth's Future",,60-67,,"Climate change and health in Earth's future",2,2014,16490,8bab3a73-3935-477f-be6e-bd6ee92e5e28,"Journal Article",/article/10.1002/2013ef000177
/reference/8e306a61-3c1a-4e11-a8ad-710df434f4b9,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8e306a61-3c1a-4e11-a8ad-710df434f4b9,8e306a61-3c1a-4e11-a8ad-710df434f4b9,"Across the United States, impacts of climate change are already evident. Heat waves have become more frequent and intense, cold extremes have become less frequent, and patterns of rainfall are likely changing. The proportion of precipitation that falls as rain rather than snow has increased across the western United States and Arctic sea ice has been reduced significantly. Sea level has been rising faster than at any time in recent history, threatening the natural and built environments on the coasts. Even if emissions of greenhouse gases were substantially reduced now, climate change and its resulting impacts would continue for some time to come. To date, decisions related to the management and protection of the nation's people, resources, and infrastructure have been based on records in the recent past, when climate was relatively stable. Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change, part of the congressionally requested America's Climate Choices suite of studies, calls for a new paradigm-one that considers a range of possible future climate conditions and impacts that may be well outside the realm of past experience. Adaptation requires actions from many decision makers in federal, state, tribal, and local governments; the private sector; non-governmental organizations; and community groups. However, current efforts are hampered by a lack of solid information about the benefits, costs, and effectiveness of various adaptation options; climate information on regional and local scales; and a lack of coordination. Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change calls for a national adaptation strategy that provides needed technical and scientific resources, incentives to begin adaptation planning, guidance across jurisdictions, shared lessons learned, and support of scientific research to expand knowledge of impacts and adaptation.","National Research Council,",10.17226/12783,,,,,,,,"The National Academies Press","Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change",,2010,26482,8e306a61-3c1a-4e11-a8ad-710df434f4b9,Book,/report/nrc-adaptingtoimpactsofclimatechange-2010