--- - attrs: Abstract: 'There is no integrated regime governing efforts to limit the extent of climate change. Instead, there is a regime complex: a loosely-coupled set of specific regimes. We describe the regime complex for climate change and seek to explain it, using interest-based, functional, and organizational arguments. This institutional form is likely to persist; efforts to build a comprehensive regime are unlikely to succeed, but experiments abound with narrower institutions focused on particular aspects of the climate change problem. Building on this analysis, we argue that a climate change regime complex, if it meets specified criteria, has advantages over any politically feasible comprehensive regime. Adaptability and flexibility are particularly important in a setting—such as climate change policy—in which the most demanding international commitments are interdependent yet governments vary widely in their interest and ability to implement them. Yet in view of the serious political constraints, both domestic and international, there is little reason for optimism that the climate regime complex that is emerging will lead to reductions in emissions rapid enough to meet widely discussed goals, such as stopping global warming at two degrees above pre-industrial levels.' Author: 'Keohane, Robert O.; Victor, David G.' DOI: 10.1017/S1537592710004068 Database Provider: Cambridge University Press EPub Date: 2011/03/15 ISSN: 1537-5927 Issue: 1 Journal: Perspectives on Politics Name of Database: Cambridge Core Pages: 7-23 Publisher: Cambridge University Press Title: The regime complex for climate change Volume: 9 Year: 2011 _record_number: 25876 _uuid: 00bd7498-9679-4ce9-a11f-51b11c927fe0 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1017/S1537592710004068 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/00bd7498-9679-4ce9-a11f-51b11c927fe0.yaml identifier: 00bd7498-9679-4ce9-a11f-51b11c927fe0 uri: /reference/00bd7498-9679-4ce9-a11f-51b11c927fe0 - attrs: Abstract: 'Communities have the potential to function effectively and adapt successfully in the aftermath of disasters. Drawing upon literatures in several disciplines, we present a theory of resilience that encompasses contemporary understandings of stress, adaptation, wellness, and resource dynamics. Community resilience is a process linking a network of adaptive capacities (resources with dynamic attributes) to adaptation after a disturbance or adversity. Community adaptation is manifest in population wellness, defined as high and non-disparate levels of mental and behavioral health, functioning, and quality of life. Community resilience emerges from four primary sets of adaptive capacities—Economic Development, Social Capital, Information and Communication, and Community Competence—that together provide a strategy for disaster readiness. To build collective resilience, communities must reduce risk and resource inequities, engage local people in mitigation, create organizational linkages, boost and protect social supports, and plan for not having a plan, which requires flexibility, decision-making skills, and trusted sources of information that function in the face of unknowns.' Author: 'Norris, Fran H.; Stevens, Susan P.; Pfefferbaum, Betty; Wyche, Karen F.; Pfefferbaum, Rose L.' DOI: 10.1007/s10464-007-9156-6 Issue: 1-2 Journal: American Journal of Community Psychology Pages: 127-150 Title: 'Community resilience as a metaphor, theory, set of capacities, and strategy for disaster readiness' Volume: 41 Year: 2008 _record_number: 26461 _uuid: 03284ebf-9c07-421c-a8e7-71707dcf44e4 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10464-007-9156-6 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/03284ebf-9c07-421c-a8e7-71707dcf44e4.yaml identifier: 03284ebf-9c07-421c-a8e7-71707dcf44e4 uri: /reference/03284ebf-9c07-421c-a8e7-71707dcf44e4 - attrs: Abstract: 'Adaptation to a changing climate is unavoidable. Mainstreaming climate adaptation objectives into existing policies, as opposed to developing dedicated adaptation policy, is widely advocated for public action. However, knowledge on what makes mainstreaming effective is scarce and fragmented. Against this background, this paper takes stock of peer-reviewed empirical analyses of climate adaptation mainstreaming, in order to assess current achievements and identify the critical factors that render mainstreaming effective. The results show that although in most cases adaptation policy outputs are identified, only in a minority of cases this translates into policy outcomes. This “implementation gap” is most strongly seen in developing countries. However, when it comes to the effectiveness of outcomes, we found no difference across countries. We conclude that more explicit definitions and unified frameworks for adaptation mainstreaming research are required to allow for future research syntheses and well-informed policy recommendations.' Author: 'Runhaar, Hens; Wilk, Bettina; Persson, Åsa; Uittenbroek, Caroline; Wamsler, Christine' DOI: 10.1007/s10113-017-1259-5 Date: April 01 ISSN: 1436-378X Issue: 4 Journal: Regional Environmental Change Pages: 1201-1210 Title: 'Mainstreaming climate adaptation: Taking stock about “what works” from empirical research worldwide' Type of Article: journal article Volume: 18 Year: 2018 _record_number: 26474 _uuid: 05a7d719-3318-4fcd-835d-ed52150f40de reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10113-017-1259-5 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/05a7d719-3318-4fcd-835d-ed52150f40de.yaml identifier: 05a7d719-3318-4fcd-835d-ed52150f40de uri: /reference/05a7d719-3318-4fcd-835d-ed52150f40de - attrs: Author: 'Rauken, Trude; Mydske, Per Kristen; Winsvold, Marte' DOI: 10.1080/13549839.2014.880412 Date: 2015/04/03 ISSN: 1354-9839 Issue: 4 Journal: Local Environment Pages: 408-423 Publisher: Routledge Title: Mainstreaming climate change adaptation at the local level Volume: 20 Year: 2015 _record_number: 26473 _uuid: 05c2211c-03c5-4632-8037-0f12f5e1fee1 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1080/13549839.2014.880412 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/05c2211c-03c5-4632-8037-0f12f5e1fee1.yaml identifier: 05c2211c-03c5-4632-8037-0f12f5e1fee1 uri: /reference/05c2211c-03c5-4632-8037-0f12f5e1fee1 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Fahey, D.W.; S. Doherty; K.A. Hibbard; A. Romanou; P.C. Taylor' Book Title: 'Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I' DOI: 10.7930/J0513WCR Editor: 'Wuebbles, D.J.; D.W. Fahey; K.A. Hibbard; D.J. Dokken; B.C. Stewart; T.K. Maycock' Pages: 73-113 Place Published: 'Washington, DC, USA' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: Physical Drivers of Climate Change Year: 2017 _record_number: 21560 _uuid: 0615b4ff-d185-4e14-9d4d-5bea1ce6ca51 reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/scientific-basis href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0615b4ff-d185-4e14-9d4d-5bea1ce6ca51.yaml identifier: 0615b4ff-d185-4e14-9d4d-5bea1ce6ca51 uri: /reference/0615b4ff-d185-4e14-9d4d-5bea1ce6ca51 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Knutson, T.; J.P. Kossin; C. Mears; J. Perlwitz; M.F. Wehner' Book Title: 'Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I' DOI: 10.7930/J01834ND Editor: 'Wuebbles, D.J.; D.W. Fahey; K.A. Hibbard; D.J. Dokken; B.C. Stewart; T.K. Maycock' Pages: 114-132 Place Published: 'Washington, DC, USA' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change Year: 2017 _record_number: 21561 _uuid: 0725eae6-7458-4ec2-8f66-880d88118148 reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/detection-attribution href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0725eae6-7458-4ec2-8f66-880d88118148.yaml identifier: 0725eae6-7458-4ec2-8f66-880d88118148 uri: /reference/0725eae6-7458-4ec2-8f66-880d88118148 - attrs: Author: 'Hallegatte, Stéphane' DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.12.003 Date: 2009/05/01/ ISSN: 0959-3780 Issue: 2 Journal: Global Environmental Change Keywords: Climate change; Adaptation; Uncertainty Pages: 240-247 Title: Strategies to adapt to an uncertain climate change Volume: 19 Year: 2009 _record_number: 24182 _uuid: 078f5398-3d8e-455e-aa39-891c9f37dfac reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.12.003 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/078f5398-3d8e-455e-aa39-891c9f37dfac.yaml identifier: 078f5398-3d8e-455e-aa39-891c9f37dfac uri: /reference/078f5398-3d8e-455e-aa39-891c9f37dfac - attrs: .reference_type: 1 Author: 'IPCC,' Editor: "Field, C.B.\rBarros, V.\rStocker, T.F.\rQin, D.\rDokken, D.J.\rEbi, K.L.\rMastrandrea, M.D.\rMach, K.J.\rPlattner, G.-K.\rAllen, S.K.\rTignor, M.\rMidgley, P.M." Number of Pages: 582 Place Published: 'Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA' Publisher: Cambridge University Press Reviewer: 089d8050-f4c8-4d07-bc35-25bf61691be3 Title: Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change URL: https://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/special-reports/srex/SREX_Full_Report.pdf Year: 2012 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL","Ch. 25: Coastal Zone FINAL","Ch. 26: Decision Support FINAL","Ch. 24: Oceans FINAL","RG 10 Coasts","Ch. 4: Energy Supply and Use FINAL","Ch. 28: Adaptation FINAL","Ch. 7: Forests FINAL","Appendix 3: Climate Science FINAL"]' _record_number: 1579 _uuid: 089d8050-f4c8-4d07-bc35-25bf61691be3 reftype: Book child_publication: /report/ipcc-srex href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/089d8050-f4c8-4d07-bc35-25bf61691be3.yaml identifier: 089d8050-f4c8-4d07-bc35-25bf61691be3 uri: /reference/089d8050-f4c8-4d07-bc35-25bf61691be3 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: "Hallegatte, Stéphane\rAnkur Shah\rRobert Lempert\rCasey Brown\rStuart Gill" DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6193 Institution: World Bank Number of Pages: 41 Place Published: 'Washington, D.C.' Report Number: Policy Research Working Papers 6193 Series Title: The World Bank Policy Research Working Paper Title: 'Investment Decision Making Under Deep Uncertainty: Application to Climate Change' URL: http://elibrary.worldbank.org/content/workingpaper/10.1596/1813-9450-6193 Year: 2012 _chapter: '["Ch. 26: Decision Support FINAL"]' _record_number: 4053 _uuid: 0a49fd25-8d5a-42da-b901-5922b5190772 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/worldbank-investment-2012 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0a49fd25-8d5a-42da-b901-5922b5190772.yaml identifier: 0a49fd25-8d5a-42da-b901-5922b5190772 uri: /reference/0a49fd25-8d5a-42da-b901-5922b5190772 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'EPA,' Institution: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Pages: 271 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Series Volume: EPA 430‐R‐17‐001 Title: 'Multi-model Framework for Quantitative Sectoral Impacts Analysis: A Technical Report for the Fourth National Climate Assessment' URL: https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_Report.cfm?dirEntryId=335095 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21365 _uuid: 0b30f1ab-e4c4-4837-aa8b-0e19faccdb94 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/epa-multi-model-framework-for-quantitative-sectoral-impacts-analysis-2017 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0b30f1ab-e4c4-4837-aa8b-0e19faccdb94.yaml identifier: 0b30f1ab-e4c4-4837-aa8b-0e19faccdb94 uri: /reference/0b30f1ab-e4c4-4837-aa8b-0e19faccdb94 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Toman, Michael' Institution: World Bank Group Notes: 'License: CC BY 3.0 IGO' Pages: 17 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Series Volume: Policy Research Working Paper 7094 Title: The Need for Multiple Types of Information to Inform Climate Change Assessment URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20622 Year: 2014 _record_number: 24161 _uuid: 0facac45-4ec1-4f5a-8e9a-f16c33f05cff reftype: Report child_publication: /report/need-multiple-types-information-inform-climate-change-assessment href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0facac45-4ec1-4f5a-8e9a-f16c33f05cff.yaml identifier: 0facac45-4ec1-4f5a-8e9a-f16c33f05cff uri: /reference/0facac45-4ec1-4f5a-8e9a-f16c33f05cff - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Stein, Bruce; Patty Glick; Naomi Edelson; Amanda Staudt' Institution: National Wildlife Foundation Pages: 262 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Title: 'Climate-Smart Conservation: Putting Adaptation Principles into Practice' URL: https://www.nwf.org/climatesmartguide Year: 2014 _record_number: 24169 _uuid: 14abc4e6-e419-4686-880f-cd2f3e28e11c reftype: Report child_publication: /report/climate-smart-conservation-putting-adaptation-principles-into-practice href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/14abc4e6-e419-4686-880f-cd2f3e28e11c.yaml identifier: 14abc4e6-e419-4686-880f-cd2f3e28e11c uri: /reference/14abc4e6-e419-4686-880f-cd2f3e28e11c - attrs: Author: 'Toloo, Ghasem; Hu, Wenbiao; FitzGerald, Gerry; Aitken, Peter; Tong, Shilu' DOI: 10.1038/srep12860 Date: 08/06/online Journal: Scientific Reports Pages: 12860 Publisher: The Author(s) Title: 'Projecting excess emergency department visits and associated costs in Brisbane, Australia, under population growth and climate change scenarios' Type of Article: Article Volume: 5 Year: 2015 _record_number: 26475 _uuid: 15cfa9a5-ed10-4448-a1ed-04b3758bc46c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/srep12860 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/15cfa9a5-ed10-4448-a1ed-04b3758bc46c.yaml identifier: 15cfa9a5-ed10-4448-a1ed-04b3758bc46c uri: /reference/15cfa9a5-ed10-4448-a1ed-04b3758bc46c - attrs: Abstract: 'During the last twenty years, more than forty-five publications have sought to measure and evaluate the quality of plans using content analysis methods. We examine reasons for this growth in the literature and its contributions and limitations. We also examine whether the research methods described in these publications conform to recommended practices in the methodological literature on content analysis to determine whether plan quality researchers are likely to be generating reliable and reproducible plan quality data. We provide seven recommendations plan quality researchers can follow to address these weaknesses and improve the reliability and reproducibility of their data.' Author: 'Lyles, Ward; Stevens, Mark' DOI: 10.1177/0739456x14549752 Issue: 4 Journal: Journal of Planning Education and Research Keywords: 'plan quality,research methods,plan evaluation,content analysis' Pages: 433-450 Title: 'Plan quality evaluation 1994–2012: Growth and contributions, limitations, and new directions' Volume: 34 Year: 2014 _record_number: 26472 _uuid: 17fabab4-9ab6-4e6f-a158-006c0ca0e58e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1177/0739456x14549752 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/17fabab4-9ab6-4e6f-a158-006c0ca0e58e.yaml identifier: 17fabab4-9ab6-4e6f-a158-006c0ca0e58e uri: /reference/17fabab4-9ab6-4e6f-a158-006c0ca0e58e - attrs: Abstract: 'The need to reduce risks from coastal storms and climate change in coastal areas has given rise to efforts to make greater use of integrated ecosystem-based approaches. Assessment of the role and cost efficiency of adaptation measures is increasingly demanded. Applying the Economics of Climate Adaptation framework in the US Gulf Coast, we compare nature-based defenses, artificial defenses, and policy measures for adaptation and risk reduction and quantify their costs and benefits under a variety of economic growth and climate change scenarios. Our analyses are spatially explicit and all models, tools and information are open source. The framework includes (i) a probabilistic assessment of hazards, (ii) estimation of damages and (iii) assessment of adaptation and risk reduction measures. We perform sensitivity analyses to understand the parameters that created the most variation in risk assessment and most influenced estimates of cost effectiveness. We find that high rates of economic growth and coastal development are likely to create greater risks in the near term than climate change, due to the increase in exposed assets. Nature-based solutions such as oyster reef and marsh restoration are particularly cost effective, but their cost-effectiveness is highly dependent on where these measures are used. As decision-makers look for the most cost effective group of measures for adaptation and risk reduction, these approaches and results should be particularly useful for informing management priorities.' Author: 'Reguero, Borja G; Bresch, David N; Beck, Mike; Calil, Juliano; Meliane, Imen' DOI: 10.9753/icce.v34.management.25 Date: 2014-10-30 EPub Date: 2015-01-26 ISSN: 2156-1028 Issue: 34 Journal: Coastal Engineering Proceedings Keywords: Economics; Climate Adaptation; Risk; Nature based Defenses; Ecosystem Based Adaptation Title: 'Coastal risks, nature-based defenses and the economics of adaptation: An application in the Gulf of Mexico, USA' Type of Article: Economics; Climate Adaptation; Risk; Nature based Defenses; Ecosystem Based Adaptation Year: 2014 _record_number: 25880 _uuid: 180e747e-ff7c-4097-8a67-0a2236701e54 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.9753/icce.v34.management.25 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/180e747e-ff7c-4097-8a67-0a2236701e54.yaml identifier: 180e747e-ff7c-4097-8a67-0a2236701e54 uri: /reference/180e747e-ff7c-4097-8a67-0a2236701e54 - attrs: Author: 'Galloway, Gerald E.' DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00550.x ISSN: 1752-1688 Issue: 3 Journal: JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association Keywords: climate variability/change; surface water hydrology; planning; water policy Pages: 563-570 Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd Title: 'If stationarity is dead, what do we do now?' Volume: 47 Year: 2011 _record_number: 24184 _uuid: 19a4d709-1ec6-4e02-ba94-0d4abb4b3820 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00550.x href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/19a4d709-1ec6-4e02-ba94-0d4abb4b3820.yaml identifier: 19a4d709-1ec6-4e02-ba94-0d4abb4b3820 uri: /reference/19a4d709-1ec6-4e02-ba94-0d4abb4b3820 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Cutter, Susan L.; Barnes, Lindsey; Berry, Melissa; Burton, Christopher; Evans, Elijah; Tate, Eric; Webb, Jennifer' DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.07.013 ISSN: 1872-9495 Issue: 4 Journal: Global Environmental Change Pages: 598-606 Title: A place-based model for understanding community resilience to natural disasters Volume: 18 Year: 2008 _record_number: 19297 _uuid: 19bc2dd3-6c09-4427-82e0-81858eda7c0e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.07.013 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/19bc2dd3-6c09-4427-82e0-81858eda7c0e.yaml identifier: 19bc2dd3-6c09-4427-82e0-81858eda7c0e uri: /reference/19bc2dd3-6c09-4427-82e0-81858eda7c0e - attrs: Author: 'Chen, Guangcheng; Azkab, Muhammad Husni; Chmura, Gail L.; Chen, Shunyang; Sastrosuwondo, Pramudji; Ma, Zhiyuan; Dharmawan, I. Wayan Eka; Yin, Xijie; Chen, Bin' DOI: 10.1038/srep42406 Date: 02/10/online Journal: Scientific Reports Pages: 42406 Publisher: The Author(s) Title: Mangroves as a major source of soil carbon storage in adjacent seagrass meadows Type of Article: Article Volume: 7 Year: 2017 _record_number: 26471 _uuid: 1abfee7f-2909-450b-a5a7-90c9cc1272b8 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/srep42406 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1abfee7f-2909-450b-a5a7-90c9cc1272b8.yaml identifier: 1abfee7f-2909-450b-a5a7-90c9cc1272b8 uri: /reference/1abfee7f-2909-450b-a5a7-90c9cc1272b8 - attrs: Author: 'Brody, Samuel D.; Highfield, Wesley E.' DOI: 10.1080/01944360508976690 Date: 2005/06/30 ISSN: 0194-4363 Issue: 2 Journal: Journal of the American Planning Association Pages: 159-175 Publisher: Routledge Title: 'Does planning work? Testing the implementation of local environmental planning in Florida' Volume: 71 Year: 2005 _record_number: 24188 _uuid: 1bdf70ea-f989-4c3c-a96e-8124c4850747 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1080/01944360508976690 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1bdf70ea-f989-4c3c-a96e-8124c4850747.yaml identifier: 1bdf70ea-f989-4c3c-a96e-8124c4850747 uri: /reference/1bdf70ea-f989-4c3c-a96e-8124c4850747 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Arcadis US,; CallisonRTKL,; Wageningen University,' Institution: San Francisco Bay Area Planning and Urban Research Association (SPUR) Pages: 72 Place Published: 'San Francisco, CA' Series Volume: SPUR Report Title: 'Mission Creek sea level risk adaptation study: Waterfront strategies for Long-Term urban resiliency' URL: http://www.spur.org/publications/spur-report/2016-09-26/mission-creek-sea-level-rise-adaptation-study Year: 2016 _record_number: 24195 _uuid: 1d1b91bb-773a-441f-be97-b77ba38ea1ce reftype: Report child_publication: /report/mission-creek-sea-level-risk-adaptation-study-waterfront-strategies-long-term-urban-resiliency href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1d1b91bb-773a-441f-be97-b77ba38ea1ce.yaml identifier: 1d1b91bb-773a-441f-be97-b77ba38ea1ce uri: /reference/1d1b91bb-773a-441f-be97-b77ba38ea1ce - attrs: Author: 'Adger, W. Neil; Arnell, Nigel W.; Tompkins, Emma L.' DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2004.12.005 Date: 2005/07/01/ ISSN: 0959-3780 Issue: 2 Journal: Global Environmental Change Keywords: Adaptation; Vulnerability; Scenarios; Sustainability; Decision making Pages: 77-86 Title: Successful adaptation to climate change across scales Volume: 15 Year: 2005 _record_number: 25873 _uuid: 1eeefb93-f0d0-4e54-96e1-96c90140909c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2004.12.005 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1eeefb93-f0d0-4e54-96e1-96c90140909c.yaml identifier: 1eeefb93-f0d0-4e54-96e1-96c90140909c uri: /reference/1eeefb93-f0d0-4e54-96e1-96c90140909c - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Halofsky, Jessica E.; David L. Peterson; Kailey W. Marcinkowski' Institution: U.S. Global Change Research Program Pages: 80 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Title: 'Climate Change Adaptation in United States Federal Natural Resource Science and Management Agencies: A Synthesis' URL: http://www.globalchange.gov/sites/globalchange/files/ASIWG_Synthesis_4.28.15_final.pdf Year: 2015 _record_number: 21671 _uuid: 1efd326b-addb-4d1b-975c-42ac25c4c349 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/usgcrp-climate-change-adaptation-united-states-federal-natural-resource-science-management-agencies-synthesis-2015 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1efd326b-addb-4d1b-975c-42ac25c4c349.yaml identifier: 1efd326b-addb-4d1b-975c-42ac25c4c349 uri: /reference/1efd326b-addb-4d1b-975c-42ac25c4c349 - attrs: Abstract: 'To improve the resiliency of designs, particularly for long-lived infrastructure, current engineering practice must be updated to incorporate a range of future climate conditions that are likely to be different from the past. However, a considerable mismatch exists between climate model outputs and the data inputs needed for engineering designs. This paper provides a framework for incorporating climate trends into design standards and applications, including selecting the appropriate climate model source based on the intended application, understanding model performance and uncertainties, addressing differences in temporal and spatial scales, and interpreting results for engineering design. The framework is illustrated through an application to depth-duration-frequency curves, which are commonly used in stormwater design. A change factor method is used to update the curves in a case study of Pittsburgh. Extreme precipitation depth is expected to increase in the future for Pittsburgh for all return periods and durations examined, requiring revised standards and designs. Doubling the return period and using historical, stationary values may enable adequate design for short-duration storms; however, this method is shown to be insufficient to enable protective designs for longer-duration storms.' Author: 'Cook, Lauren M.; Christopher J. Anderson; Constantine Samaras' DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000382 Issue: 4 Journal: Journal of Infrastructure Systems Pages: 04017027 Title: 'Framework for incorporating downscaled climate output into existing engineering methods: Application to precipitation frequency curves' Volume: 23 Year: 2017 _record_number: 24187 _uuid: 1efe3c54-7423-4c7d-9a39-f5dd34cf6b54 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000382 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1efe3c54-7423-4c7d-9a39-f5dd34cf6b54.yaml identifier: 1efe3c54-7423-4c7d-9a39-f5dd34cf6b54 uri: /reference/1efe3c54-7423-4c7d-9a39-f5dd34cf6b54 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Hughes, Jeff' Institution: 'University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Environmental Finance Center' Place Published: 'Chapel Hill, NC' Title: 'The Financial Impacts of Alternative Water Project Delivery Models: A Closer Look at Nine Communities' URL: https://efc.sog.unc.edu/resource/financial-impacts-alternative-water-project-delivery-models-closer-look-nine-communities Year: 2017 _record_number: 24205 _uuid: 204dc466-5ff3-4aef-90b6-23623d61342f reftype: Report child_publication: /report/financial-impacts-alternative-water-project-delivery-models-closer-look-at-nine-communities href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/204dc466-5ff3-4aef-90b6-23623d61342f.yaml identifier: 204dc466-5ff3-4aef-90b6-23623d61342f uri: /reference/204dc466-5ff3-4aef-90b6-23623d61342f - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'GAO,' Institution: U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) Pages: 26 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Report Number: GAO-16-454 Title: 'Climate change: Selected governments have approached adaptation through laws and long-term plans' URL: https://www.gao.gov/assets/680/677075.pdf Year: 2016 _record_number: 26481 _uuid: 210ebe86-081c-4fae-9af3-d247a597a043 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/climate-change-selected-governments-have-approached-adaptation-through-laws-long-term-plans href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/210ebe86-081c-4fae-9af3-d247a597a043.yaml identifier: 210ebe86-081c-4fae-9af3-d247a597a043 uri: /reference/210ebe86-081c-4fae-9af3-d247a597a043 - attrs: Abstract: 'Sea level rise is causing shoreline erosion, increased coastal flooding, and marsh vulnerability to the impact of storms. Coastal marshes provide flood abatement, carbon and nutrient sequestration, water quality maintenance, and habitat for fish, shellfish, and wildlife, including species of concern, such as the saltmarsh sparrow (Ammodramus caudacutus). We present a climate change adaptation strategy (CCAS) adopted by scientific, management, and policy stakeholders for managing coastal marshes and enhancing system resiliency. A common adaptive management approach previously used for restoration projects was modified to identify climate-related vulnerabilities and plan climate change adaptive actions. As an example of implementation of the CCAS, we describe the stakeholder plans and management actions the US Fish and Wildlife Service and partners developed to build coastal resiliency in the Narrow River Estuary, RI, in the aftermath of Superstorm Sandy. When possible, an experimental BACI (before-after, control-impact) design, described as pre- and post-sampling at the impact site and one or more control sites, was incorporated into the climate change adaptation and implementation plans. Specific climate change adaptive actions and monitoring plans are described and include shoreline stabilization, restoring marsh drainage, increasing marsh elevation, and enabling upland marsh migration. The CCAS provides a framework and methodology for successfully managing coastal systems faced with deteriorating habitat, accelerated sea level rise, and changes in precipitation and storm patterns.' Author: 'Wigand, Cathleen; Ardito, Thomas; Chaffee, Caitlin; Ferguson, Wenley; Paton, Suzanne; Raposa, Kenneth; Vandemoer, Charles; Watson, Elizabeth' DOI: 10.1007/s12237-015-0003-y Date: May 01 ISSN: 1559-2731 Issue: 3 Journal: Estuaries and Coasts Pages: 682-693 Title: A climate change adaptation strategy for management of coastal marsh systems Type of Article: journal article Volume: 40 Year: 2017 _record_number: 24154 _uuid: 228fd414-ca3c-4922-a266-a4d46c307a05 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s12237-015-0003-y href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/228fd414-ca3c-4922-a266-a4d46c307a05.yaml identifier: 228fd414-ca3c-4922-a266-a4d46c307a05 uri: /reference/228fd414-ca3c-4922-a266-a4d46c307a05 - attrs: Author: 'Newton Mann, Alyssa; Grifman, Phyllis; Fizi Hart, Juliette' ISSN: 1932-7048 Issue: 2 Journal: Cities and the Environment (CATE) Pages: Article 6 Title: 'The stakes are rising: Lessons on engaging coastal communities on climate adaptation in Southern California' URL: http://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/cate/vol10/iss2/6 Volume: 10 Year: 2017 _record_number: 24011 _uuid: 24c64b47-d6c2-41ac-90bb-0d947e68cbbe reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/stakes-are-rising-lessons-on-engaging-coastal-communities-on-climate-adaptation-southern-california href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/24c64b47-d6c2-41ac-90bb-0d947e68cbbe.yaml identifier: 24c64b47-d6c2-41ac-90bb-0d947e68cbbe uri: /reference/24c64b47-d6c2-41ac-90bb-0d947e68cbbe - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Vose, R.S.; D.R. Easterling; K.E. Kunkel; A.N. LeGrande; M.F. Wehner' Book Title: 'Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I' DOI: 10.7930/J0N29V45 Editor: 'Wuebbles, D.J.; D.W. Fahey; K.A. Hibbard; D.J. Dokken; B.C. Stewart; T.K. Maycock' Pages: 185-206 Place Published: 'Washington, DC, USA' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: Temperature Changes in the United States Year: 2017 _record_number: 21564 _uuid: 29960c69-6168-4fb0-9af0-d50bdd91acd3 reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/temperature-change href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/29960c69-6168-4fb0-9af0-d50bdd91acd3.yaml identifier: 29960c69-6168-4fb0-9af0-d50bdd91acd3 uri: /reference/29960c69-6168-4fb0-9af0-d50bdd91acd3 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Atkins,' Institution: Atkins Pages: various Place Published: 'Calverton, MD' Title: Flood Loss Avoidance Benefits of Green Infrastructure for Stormwater Management. Prepared for U.S. EPA URL: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-05/documents/flood-avoidance-green-infrastructure-12-14-2015.pdf Year: 2015 _record_number: 24196 _uuid: 2b3fde46-c982-4518-800b-41ac2dca32e9 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/flood-loss-avoidance-benefits-green-infrastructure-stormwater-management-prepared-us-epa href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2b3fde46-c982-4518-800b-41ac2dca32e9.yaml identifier: 2b3fde46-c982-4518-800b-41ac2dca32e9 uri: /reference/2b3fde46-c982-4518-800b-41ac2dca32e9 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: "Moody's," Institution: Moody's Investor Services Pages: 21 Title: 'Environmental risks: Evaluating the impact of climate change on US state and local issuers' URL: http://www.southeastfloridaclimatecompact.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Evaluating-the-impact-of-climate-change-on-US-state-and-local-issuers-11-28-17.pdf Year: 2017 _record_number: 26458 _uuid: 2c101a8e-5899-4423-95b0-79ea996b64df reftype: Report child_publication: /report/environmental-risks-evaluating-impact-climate-change-on-us-state-local-issuers href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2c101a8e-5899-4423-95b0-79ea996b64df.yaml identifier: 2c101a8e-5899-4423-95b0-79ea996b64df uri: /reference/2c101a8e-5899-4423-95b0-79ea996b64df - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Olsen, J. Rolf; Julie Kiang; Reagan Waskom' Institution: 'Colorado State University, Colorado Water Institute' Pages: 304 Place Published: 'Fort Collins, CO' Series Volume: Colorado Water Institute Information Series No. 109 Title: 'Workshop on Nonstationarity, Hydrologic Frequency Analysis, and Water Management [Boulder, CO]' URL: http://www.cwi.colostate.edu/media/publications/is/109.pdf Year: 2010 _record_number: 24178 _uuid: 2c2dfd3f-ff08-437a-b075-7f8259dafadb reftype: Report child_publication: /report/workshop-on-nonstationarity-hydrologic-frequency-analysis-water-management-boulder-co href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2c2dfd3f-ff08-437a-b075-7f8259dafadb.yaml identifier: 2c2dfd3f-ff08-437a-b075-7f8259dafadb uri: /reference/2c2dfd3f-ff08-437a-b075-7f8259dafadb - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'AWF/AEC/Entergy,' Institution: 'America’s Wetland Foundation, America’s Energy Coast, and Entergy' Pages: 11 Title: 'Building a Resilient Energy Gulf Coast: Executive Report' URL: http://www.entergy.com/content/our_community/environment/GulfCoastAdaptation/Building_a_Resilient_Gulf_Coast.pdf Year: 2010 _chapter: '["Ch. 25: Coastal Zone FINAL","Ch. 26: Decision Support FINAL","RG 10 Coasts","Ch. 4: Energy Supply and Use FINAL","RG 2 Southeast","Ch. 17: Southeast and Caribbean FINAL"]' _record_number: 166 _uuid: 30fa21f9-4b83-4af6-bad0-61684ad53f27 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/entergy-building-2010 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/30fa21f9-4b83-4af6-bad0-61684ad53f27.yaml identifier: 30fa21f9-4b83-4af6-bad0-61684ad53f27 uri: /reference/30fa21f9-4b83-4af6-bad0-61684ad53f27 - attrs: Abstract: 'Sponsored by the Committee on Technical Advancement of ASCE Adapting Infrastructure and Civil Engineering Practice to a Changing Climate presents an accurate discussion of the potential significance of climate change to engineering practice. Although considerable evidence indicates that the climate is changing, significant uncertainty exists regarding the location, timing, and magnitude of this change over the lifetime of infrastructure. Practicing engineers are faced with the dilemma of balancing future needs for engineered infrastructure with the risks posed by the effects of climate change on long-term engineering projects. The gap between climate science and engineering practice somehow must be bridged. This report identifies the technical requirements and civil engineering challenges raised by adaptation to a changing climate. Topics include: review of climate science for engineering practice; incorporating climate science into engineering practice; civil engineering sectors that might be affected by climate change; needs for research, development, and demonstration projects; and summary, conclusions, and recommendations. Three appendixes illustrate different engineering approaches to assessing or preparing for climate change. Practitioners, researchers, educators, and students of civil engineering, as well as government officials and allied professionals, will be fascinated by this discussion of the trade-offs between the expenses of increasing system reliability and the potential costs and consequences of failure to future generations.' DOI: 10.1061/9780784479193 Editor: 'Olsen, J. Rolf' ISBN: 978-0-7844-7919-3 Pages: 93 Place Published: 'Reston, VA' Title: Adapting Infrastructure and Civil Engineering Practice to a Changing Climate Year: 2015 _record_number: 24558 _uuid: 31bf15ab-c374-4466-8b4c-894a527813cb reftype: Edited Report child_publication: /report/adapting-infrastructure-civil-engineering-practice-changing-climate href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/31bf15ab-c374-4466-8b4c-894a527813cb.yaml identifier: 31bf15ab-c374-4466-8b4c-894a527813cb uri: /reference/31bf15ab-c374-4466-8b4c-894a527813cb - attrs: Abstract: 'Snapshot views of environmental policy integration (EPI) practices fail to consider the stability of EPI over time – both as aspiration and performance. This paper reviews the evolution of EPI over more than two decades at the national level in the agriculture and energy sectors in Sweden – an EPI pioneer. We study how the extent of EPI stability can be explained partly by shifting political priorities by governments and partly by underlying governance models (actors and organizational landscape and policy instruments used). Comparing the two sectors, the institutionalization of EPI appears to be stronger in the energy sector. In the agricultural sector, the current reform of the Common Agricultural Policy seems to imply decreasing prominence of EPI – due to shrinking budgets for environmental targets along with greater policy goals complexity. Overall, observed shifts in governance have been mildly conducive to EPI by providing an infrastructure, but further enhancements require clear political priority awarded to the environment.' Author: 'Persson, Åsa; Eckerberg, Katarina; Nilsson, Måns' DOI: 10.1177/0263774x15614726 Issue: 3 Journal: 'Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy' Keywords: 'environmental policy,governance,integration,agriculture,energy' Pages: 478-495 Title: 'Institutionalization or wither away? Twenty-five years of environmental policy integration under shifting governance models in Sweden' Volume: 34 Year: 2016 _record_number: 26463 _uuid: 31e5ede2-090f-4240-bbb7-598afdd35a49 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1177/0263774x15614726 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/31e5ede2-090f-4240-bbb7-598afdd35a49.yaml identifier: 31e5ede2-090f-4240-bbb7-598afdd35a49 uri: /reference/31e5ede2-090f-4240-bbb7-598afdd35a49 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Nelson, D.R.\rAdger, W.N.\rBrown, K." DOI: 10.1146/annurev.energy.32.051807.090348 Journal: Annual Review of Environment and Resources Pages: 395-419 Title: 'Adaptation to environmental change: Contributions of a resilience framework' URL: http://eprints.icrisat.ac.in/4245/1/AnnualReviewofEnvResources_32_395-419_2007.pdf Volume: 32 Year: 2007 _chapter: '["Ch. 28: Adaptation FINAL"]' _record_number: 2194 _uuid: 32420d63-0809-483b-abf5-453acdc6d168 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1146/annurev.energy.32.051807.090348 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/32420d63-0809-483b-abf5-453acdc6d168.yaml identifier: 32420d63-0809-483b-abf5-453acdc6d168 uri: /reference/32420d63-0809-483b-abf5-453acdc6d168 - attrs: Abstract: 'There is great interest in the restoration and conservation of coastal habitats for protection from flooding and erosion. This is evidenced by the growing number of analyses and reviews of the effectiveness of habitats as natural defences and increasing funding world-wide for nature-based defences–i.e. restoration projects aimed at coastal protection; yet, there is no synthetic information on what kinds of projects are effective and cost effective for this purpose. This paper addresses two issues critical for designing restoration projects for coastal protection: (i) a synthesis of the costs and benefits of projects designed for coastal protection (nature-based defences) and (ii) analyses of the effectiveness of coastal habitats (natural defences) in reducing wave heights and the biophysical parameters that influence this effectiveness. We (i) analyse data from sixty-nine field measurements in coastal habitats globally and examine measures of effectiveness of mangroves, salt-marshes, coral reefs and seagrass/kelp beds for wave height reduction; (ii) synthesise the costs and coastal protection benefits of fifty-two nature-based defence projects and; (iii) estimate the benefits of each restoration project by combining information on restoration costs with data from nearby field measurements. The analyses of field measurements show that coastal habitats have significant potential for reducing wave heights that varies by habitat and site. In general, coral reefs and salt-marshes have the highest overall potential. Habitat effectiveness is influenced by: a) the ratios of wave height-to-water depth and habitat width-to-wavelength in coral reefs; and b) the ratio of vegetation height-to-water depth in salt-marshes. The comparison of costs of nature-based defence projects and engineering structures show that salt-marshes and mangroves can be two to five times cheaper than a submerged breakwater for wave heights up to half a metre and, within their limits, become more cost effective at greater depths. Nature-based defence projects also report benefits ranging from reductions in storm damage to reductions in coastal structure costs.' Author: 'Narayan, Siddharth; Beck, Michael W.; Reguero, Borja G.; Losada, Iñigo J.; van Wesenbeeck, Bregje; Pontee, Nigel; Sanchirico, James N.; Ingram, Jane Carter; Lange, Glenn-Marie; Burks-Copes, Kelly A.' DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154735 Issue: 5 Journal: PLOS ONE Pages: e0154735 Publisher: Public Library of Science Title: 'The effectiveness, costs and coastal protection benefits of natural and nature-based defences' Volume: 11 Year: 2016 _record_number: 26459 _uuid: 35f9d6f9-e40b-4f51-9cf2-94e4052d7d88 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1371/journal.pone.0154735 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/35f9d6f9-e40b-4f51-9cf2-94e4052d7d88.yaml identifier: 35f9d6f9-e40b-4f51-9cf2-94e4052d7d88 uri: /reference/35f9d6f9-e40b-4f51-9cf2-94e4052d7d88 - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: 'City of Los Angeles,' Title: 'One water LA [web site]' URL: https://www.lacitysan.org/san/faces/home/portal/s-lsh-es/s-lsh-es-owla Year: 2018 _record_number: 26453 _uuid: 37072456-2de9-47de-ad41-f6363df708e0 reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/01e5735b-10eb-43ad-b47e-32d19cb69876 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/37072456-2de9-47de-ad41-f6363df708e0.yaml identifier: 37072456-2de9-47de-ad41-f6363df708e0 uri: /reference/37072456-2de9-47de-ad41-f6363df708e0 - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: 'State of California,' Place Published: 'Sacramento, CA' Publisher: 'State of California, Ocean Protection Council' Title: 'Planning for Sea-Level Rise Database [web site]' URL: http://www.opc.ca.gov/climate-change/planning-for-sea-level-rise-database/ Year: 2014 _record_number: 24197 _uuid: 37e05b2c-e115-4d3f-a818-832f04942a5e reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/efeeef20-4a99-4d1f-98ee-43fd26112987 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/37e05b2c-e115-4d3f-a818-832f04942a5e.yaml identifier: 37e05b2c-e115-4d3f-a818-832f04942a5e uri: /reference/37e05b2c-e115-4d3f-a818-832f04942a5e - attrs: Author: 'Wentz, Jessica A.' DOI: 10.7916/D870812J Journal: Environmental Law Reporter Pages: 11015-11031 Title: 'Assessing the impacts of climate change on the built environment: A framework for environmental reviews' Volume: 45 Year: 2015 _record_number: 24156 _uuid: 38bbcdca-4467-458b-9dc6-352c41f9ecfb reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.7916/D870812J href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/38bbcdca-4467-458b-9dc6-352c41f9ecfb.yaml identifier: 38bbcdca-4467-458b-9dc6-352c41f9ecfb uri: /reference/38bbcdca-4467-458b-9dc6-352c41f9ecfb - attrs: .reference_type: 1 Author: 'Renn, O.' ISBN: 978-1844072910 Number of Pages: 368 Place Published: 'London, UK' Publisher: Routledge Reviewer: 39e9e9c3-5af7-402e-8d1c-d5cbcda98736 Title: 'Risk Governance: Coping with Uncertainty in a Complex World' Year: 2008 _chapter: '["Ch. 26: Decision Support FINAL"]' _record_number: 4049 _uuid: 39e9e9c3-5af7-402e-8d1c-d5cbcda98736 reftype: Book child_publication: /book/7f3c6fe3-c37b-46cb-8093-56bdf503270b href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/39e9e9c3-5af7-402e-8d1c-d5cbcda98736.yaml identifier: 39e9e9c3-5af7-402e-8d1c-d5cbcda98736 uri: /reference/39e9e9c3-5af7-402e-8d1c-d5cbcda98736 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Sweet, W.V.; R. Horton; R.E. Kopp; A.N. LeGrande; A. Romanou' Book Title: 'Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I' DOI: 10.7930/J0VM49F2 Editor: 'Wuebbles, D.J.; D.W. Fahey; K.A. Hibbard; D.J. Dokken; B.C. Stewart; T.K. Maycock' Pages: 333-363 Place Published: 'Washington, DC, USA' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: Sea Level Rise Year: 2017 _record_number: 21570 _uuid: 3bae2310-7572-47e2-99a4-9e4276764934 reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/sea-level-rise href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3bae2310-7572-47e2-99a4-9e4276764934.yaml identifier: 3bae2310-7572-47e2-99a4-9e4276764934 uri: /reference/3bae2310-7572-47e2-99a4-9e4276764934 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Vogel, Jason; Karen M. Carney; Joel B. Smith; Charles Herrick; Missy Stults; Megan O’Grady; Alexis St. Juliana; Heather Hosterman; Lorine Giangola' Institution: Kresge Foundation Keywords: urban; climate change; adaptation Place Published: Detroit Title: Climate Adaptation — The State of Practice in U.S. Communities URL: http://kresge.org/sites/default/files/library/climate-adaptation-the-state-of-practice-in-us-communities-full-report.pdf Year: 2016 _record_number: 22874 _uuid: 3c3cc09b-c2d7-4c52-bf8f-c064efa78e93 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/climate-adaptation-state-practice-us-communities href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3c3cc09b-c2d7-4c52-bf8f-c064efa78e93.yaml identifier: 3c3cc09b-c2d7-4c52-bf8f-c064efa78e93 uri: /reference/3c3cc09b-c2d7-4c52-bf8f-c064efa78e93 - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Author: 'Pelling, Mark' ISBN: 978-0415477505 Place Published: 'Abingdon, UK' Publisher: Routledge Title: 'Adaptation to Climate Change: From Resilience to Transformation' Year: 2010 _record_number: 23634 _uuid: 3d19f4a6-97fc-4217-ad50-ac4214e6191a reftype: Book child_publication: /book/adaptation-climate-change-resilience-transformation href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3d19f4a6-97fc-4217-ad50-ac4214e6191a.yaml identifier: 3d19f4a6-97fc-4217-ad50-ac4214e6191a uri: /reference/3d19f4a6-97fc-4217-ad50-ac4214e6191a - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Abstract: 'The U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) was established in 1990 to “assist the Nation and the world to understand, assess, predict, and respond to human-induced and natural processes of global change.”1 A key responsibility for the program is to conduct National Climate Assessments (NCAs) every 4 years.2 These assessments are intended to inform the nation about “observed changes in climate, the current status of the climate, and anticipated trends for the future.” The USGCRP hopes that government entities from federal agencies to small municipalities, citizens, communities, and businesses will rely on these assessments of climate- related risks for planning and decision-making. The third NCA (NCA3) was published in 2014 and work on the fourth is beginning. The USGCRP asked the Board on Environmental Change and Society of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a workshop to explore ways to frame the NCA4 and subsequent NCA reports in terms of risks to society. The workshop was intended to collect experienced views on how to characterize and communicate information about climate-related hazards, risks, and opportunities that will support decision makers in their efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, reduce vulnerability to likely changes in climate, and increase resilience to those changes. Characterizing Risk in Climate Change Assessments summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.' Author: 'National Academies of Sciences Engineering & Medicine,' DOI: 10.17226/23569 ISBN: 978-0-309-44551-1 Keywords: Environment and Environmental Studies Language: English Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: The National Academies Press Series Editor: 'Beatty, Alexandra' Title: 'Characterizing Risk in Climate Change Assessments: Proceedings of a Workshop' Year: 2016 _record_number: 23652 _uuid: 3df7d31f-d9ce-4eab-8db0-87937fd3111f reftype: Book child_publication: /book/characterizing-risk-climate-change-assessments-proceedings-workshop href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3df7d31f-d9ce-4eab-8db0-87937fd3111f.yaml identifier: 3df7d31f-d9ce-4eab-8db0-87937fd3111f uri: /reference/3df7d31f-d9ce-4eab-8db0-87937fd3111f - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Lonsdale, K.; Pringle, P.; Turner, B. L.' Institution: 'UK Climate Impacts Programme, University of Oxford' Notes: 'SBN: 978-1-906360-11-5' Pages: 40 Place Published: 'Oxford, UK' Title: 'Transformative adaptation: What it is, why it matters & what is needed' URL: https://ukcip.ouce.ox.ac.uk/wp-content/PDFs/UKCIP-transformational-adaptation-final.pdf Year: 2015 _record_number: 26477 _uuid: 3f6dbf56-0791-455d-ab97-24afdcc127a1 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/transformative-adaptation-what-it-is-why-it-matters-what-is-needed href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3f6dbf56-0791-455d-ab97-24afdcc127a1.yaml identifier: 3f6dbf56-0791-455d-ab97-24afdcc127a1 uri: /reference/3f6dbf56-0791-455d-ab97-24afdcc127a1 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Burch, S.' DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2009.11.009 ISSN: 0959-3780 Issue: 2 Journal: Global Environmental Change Pages: 287-297 Title: 'Transforming barriers into enablers of action on climate change: Insights from three municipal case studies in British Columbia, Canada' Volume: 20 Year: 2010 _chapter: '["Ch. 25: Coastal Zone FINAL"]' _record_number: 1686 _uuid: 40cd1072-ac17-4dfa-ba98-a554bf1a0458 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2009.11.009 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/40cd1072-ac17-4dfa-ba98-a554bf1a0458.yaml identifier: 40cd1072-ac17-4dfa-ba98-a554bf1a0458 uri: /reference/40cd1072-ac17-4dfa-ba98-a554bf1a0458 - attrs: Abstract: 'Social and ecological vulnerability to disasters and outcomes of any particular extreme event are influenced by buildup or erosion of resilience both before and after disasters occur. Resilient social-ecological systems incorporate diverse mechanisms for living with, and learning from, change and unexpected shocks. Disaster management requires multilevel governance systems that can enhance the capacity to cope with uncertainty and surprise by mobilizing diverse sources of resilience.' Author: 'Adger, W. Neil; Hughes, Terry P.; Folke, Carl; Carpenter, Stephen R.; Rockström, Johan' DOI: 10.1126/science.1112122 Issue: 5737 Journal: Science Pages: 1036-1039 Title: Social-ecological resilience to coastal disasters Volume: 309 Year: 2005 _record_number: 24192 _uuid: 425c45e3-2450-48e1-8d9e-9580454ac2a8 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1126/science.1112122 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/425c45e3-2450-48e1-8d9e-9580454ac2a8.yaml identifier: 425c45e3-2450-48e1-8d9e-9580454ac2a8 uri: /reference/425c45e3-2450-48e1-8d9e-9580454ac2a8 - attrs: Abstract: 'In the face of a changing climate, many United States (US) local governments are creating plans to prepare. These plans layout how a community is vulnerable to existing and future changes in climate as well as what actions they propose taking to prepare. The actions included in these plans provide insight into what local governments feel they have the ability to undertake, as well as what actions they believe are important to building resilience. To date, little to no analysis has been conducted on the content of these plans, leaving researchers, practitioners, and those supporting communities with limited understanding of what gaps need to be filled or how best to support locally prioritized climate action. This paper analyzes the content of 43 stand alone climate adaptation plans from US local communities to identify the types of actions proposed and how those actions compare to what researchers indicate the communities should be prioritizing based on regional climate projections. The results indicate that local communities include numerous and varied actions in their adaptation plans and that the majority of communities are selecting actions that are theoretically appropriate given projected changes in regional climate. Yet some types of actions, such as building codes and advocacy, are not being widely used. These results contrast with previous studies, which found that local communities focus primarily on capacity building approaches. Findings also demonstrate that plans rarely contain significant details about how actions will be implemented, raising questions about whether plans will translate into real-world projects.' Author: 'Stults, Missy; Woodruff, Sierra C.' DOI: 10.1007/s11027-016-9725-9 Date: December 01 ISSN: 1573-1596 Issue: 8 Journal: Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change Pages: 1249-1279 Title: 'Looking under the hood of local adaptation plans: Shedding light on the actions prioritized to build local resilience to climate change' Type of Article: journal article Volume: 22 Year: 2017 _record_number: 24168 _uuid: 44dd3160-74d0-4173-8ca4-b503fcd93615 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s11027-016-9725-9 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/44dd3160-74d0-4173-8ca4-b503fcd93615.yaml identifier: 44dd3160-74d0-4173-8ca4-b503fcd93615 uri: /reference/44dd3160-74d0-4173-8ca4-b503fcd93615 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'TCFD,' Institution: Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) Pages: 66 Place Published: 'Basel, Switzerland' Title: 'Final Report: Recommendations of the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures' URL: https://www.fsb-tcfd.org/publications/final-recommendations-report/ Year: 2017 _record_number: 24165 _uuid: 4c92405f-7756-474c-b8d9-a251d29823ab reftype: Report child_publication: /report/final-report-recommendations-task-force-on-climate-related-financial-disclosures href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/4c92405f-7756-474c-b8d9-a251d29823ab.yaml identifier: 4c92405f-7756-474c-b8d9-a251d29823ab uri: /reference/4c92405f-7756-474c-b8d9-a251d29823ab - attrs: Author: 'Haasnoot, Marjolijn; Kwakkel, Jan H.; Walker, Warren E.; ter Maat, Judith' DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.12.006 Date: 2013/04/01/ ISSN: 0959-3780 Issue: 2 Journal: Global Environmental Change Keywords: Uncertainty; Policymaking; Adaptation pathways; Adaptive policies; Water management; Rhine delta Pages: 485-498 Title: 'Dynamic adaptive policy pathways: A method for crafting robust decisions for a deeply uncertain world' Volume: 23 Year: 2013 _record_number: 25878 _uuid: 4eee7d3c-08b0-4157-b709-86bf2d117793 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.12.006 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/4eee7d3c-08b0-4157-b709-86bf2d117793.yaml identifier: 4eee7d3c-08b0-4157-b709-86bf2d117793 uri: /reference/4eee7d3c-08b0-4157-b709-86bf2d117793