--- - attrs: Author: 'van Vliet, Michelle T. H.; Wiberg, David; Leduc, Sylvain; Riahi, Keywan' DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2903 Date: 04//print ISSN: 1758-678X Issue: 4 Journal: Nature Climate Change Pages: 375-380 Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Title: Power-generation system vulnerability and adaptation to changes in climate and water resources Type of Article: Letter Volume: 6 Year: 2016 _record_number: 21334 _uuid: 8c12cc4c-3448-4055-b7a2-e03ead1c2572 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nclimate2903 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8c12cc4c-3448-4055-b7a2-e03ead1c2572.yaml identifier: 8c12cc4c-3448-4055-b7a2-e03ead1c2572 uri: /reference/8c12cc4c-3448-4055-b7a2-e03ead1c2572 - attrs: Author: 'Panteli, Mathaios; Kirschen, Daniel S.' DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2015.01.008 Date: 2015/05/01/ ISSN: 0378-7796 Journal: Electric Power Systems Research Keywords: Control center; Decision-making; Power systems; Situation awareness; Power System Observability; Power System Operation Pages: 140-151 Title: 'Situation awareness in power systems: Theory, challenges and applications' Volume: 122 Year: 2015 _record_number: 21414 _uuid: 9278107f-e3d4-4d4b-92db-a72057d3a5fa reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.epsr.2015.01.008 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9278107f-e3d4-4d4b-92db-a72057d3a5fa.yaml identifier: 9278107f-e3d4-4d4b-92db-a72057d3a5fa uri: /reference/9278107f-e3d4-4d4b-92db-a72057d3a5fa - attrs: Author: 'de Bremond, Ariane; Preston, Benjamin L.; Rice, Jennie' DOI: 10.1016/j.envsci.2014.05.004 Date: 2014/10/01/ ISSN: 1462-9011 Journal: Environmental Science & Policy Keywords: Climate change; Energy; Adaptation; Integrated assessment; Decision-making Pages: 45-55 Title: 'Improving the usability of integrated assessment for adaptation practice: Insights from the U.S. southeast energy sector' Volume: 42 Year: 2014 _record_number: 21451 _uuid: 9582d876-1c21-4d18-995e-f69ace96ae3b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.envsci.2014.05.004 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9582d876-1c21-4d18-995e-f69ace96ae3b.yaml identifier: 9582d876-1c21-4d18-995e-f69ace96ae3b uri: /reference/9582d876-1c21-4d18-995e-f69ace96ae3b - attrs: Author: 'Ayyub, Bilal M.' DOI: 10.1061/AJRUA6.0000826 Issue: 3 Journal: 'ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering Systems, Part A: Civil Engineering' Pages: 04015008 Title: 'Practical resilience metrics for planning, design, and decision making' Volume: 1 Year: 2015 _record_number: 25265 _uuid: 97189668-36ce-4b55-9550-f10a6ebdea24 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1061/AJRUA6.0000826 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/97189668-36ce-4b55-9550-f10a6ebdea24.yaml identifier: 97189668-36ce-4b55-9550-f10a6ebdea24 uri: /reference/97189668-36ce-4b55-9550-f10a6ebdea24 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the health effects of the 2003 Northeastern blackout, the largest one in history, on mortality and hospital admissions due to respiratory, cardiovascular, and renal diseases in New York City (NYC), and compared the disease patterns and sociodemographic profiles of cases during the blackout with those on control days. METHOD: We investigated the effects of the blackout on health using incidence rate ratios to compare the disease on blackout days (August 14 and 15, 2003) with those on normal and comparably hot days (controls). Normal days were defined as summer days (June-August) between the 25th and 75th percentiles of maximum temperature during 1991-2004. Comparably hot days were days with maximum temperatures in the same range as that of the blackout days. We evaluated the interactive effects of demographics and the blackout using a case-only design. RESULTS: We found that mortality and respiratory hospital admissions in NYC increased significantly (two- to eightfold) during the blackout, but cardiovascular and renal hospitalizations did not. The most striking increases occurred among elderly, female, and chronic bronchitis admissions. We identified stronger effects during the blackout than on comparably hot days. In contrast to the pattern observed for comparably hot days, higher socioeconomic status groups were more likely to be hospitalized during the blackout. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that power outages may have important health impacts, even stronger than the effects of heat alone. The findings provide some direction for future emergency planning and public health preparedness.' Author: 'Lin, S.; Fletcher, B. A.; Luo, M.; Chinery, R.; Hwang, S-. A.' Author Address: 'New York State Department of Health, Center for Environmental Health, Bureau of Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology, 547 River St., Room 200, Troy, NY 12180-2216, USA. sxl05@health.state.ny.us' DOI: 10.1177/003335491112600312 Date: May-Jun ISSN: 1468-2877 Issue: 3 Journal: Public Health Reports Keywords: Climate; Disaster Planning; *Electricity; Female; Hospitalization/*statistics & numerical data; Humans; Male; New York City/epidemiology; Poisson Distribution; Respiratory Tract Diseases/*epidemiology; Risk Factors; Seasons; Socioeconomic Factors PMC: 3072860 PMCID: PMC3072860 Pages: 384-93 Title: Health impact in New York City during the Northeastern blackout of 2003 URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3072860 Volume: 126 Year: 2011 _chapter: Ch7 _record_number: 16321 _uuid: 9a6c7a87-5c0f-4d64-904c-c707f68f2115 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/pmc-3072860 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9a6c7a87-5c0f-4d64-904c-c707f68f2115.yaml identifier: 9a6c7a87-5c0f-4d64-904c-c707f68f2115 uri: /reference/9a6c7a87-5c0f-4d64-904c-c707f68f2115 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Gilbert, Stanley W.; Butry, David T.; Helgeson, Jennifer F.; Chapman, Robert E. ' DOI: 10.6028/NIST.SP.1197 Institution: National Institute of Standards and Technology Pages: 52 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Report Number: NIST Special Publication 1197 Title: Community Resilience Economic Decision Guide for Buildings and Infrastructure Systems Year: 2015 _record_number: 25296 _uuid: 9eb51e22-e5c8-4f74-96b9-4525b48135fd reftype: Report child_publication: /report/community-resilience-economic-decision-guide-buildings-infrastructure-systems href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9eb51e22-e5c8-4f74-96b9-4525b48135fd.yaml identifier: 9eb51e22-e5c8-4f74-96b9-4525b48135fd uri: /reference/9eb51e22-e5c8-4f74-96b9-4525b48135fd - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Abstract: 'High-reliability management of critical infrastructures-the safe and continued provision of electricity, natural gas, telecommunications, transportation, and water-is a social imperative. Loss of service in interconnected critical infrastructure systems (ICISs) after hurricanes, earthquakes, floods, and tsunamis and their delayed large-scale recovery have turned these events into catastrophes. Reliability and Risk reveals a neglected management dimension and provides a new framework for understanding interconnected infrastructures, their potential for cascading failure, and how to improve their reliability and reduce risk of system failure. The book answers two questions: How are modern interconnected infrastructures managed and regulated for reliability? How can policy makers, analysts, managers, and citizenry better promote reliability in interconnected systems whose failures can scarcely be imagined? The current consensus is that the answers lie in better design, technology, and regulation, but the book argues that these have inevitable shortfalls and that it is dangerous to stop there. The framework developed in Reliability and Risk draws from first-of-its-kind research at the infrastructure crossroads of California, the California Delta, in the San Francisco Bay region. The book demonstrates that infrastructure reliability in an interconnected world must be managed by system professionals in real time.' Author: 'Schulman, Paul; Roe, Emery' DOI: 10.11126/stanford/9780804793933.001.0001 ISBN: 9780804793933 Keywords: High-reliability management; interconnected critical infrastructure systems; risk assessment; risk management; infrastructure design technology regulation; system failure; large-scale recovery; regulated reliability; ER Language: eng Publisher: Stanford University Press Title: 'Reliability and Risk: The Challenge of Managing Interconnected Infrastructures' Year: 2016 _record_number: 25304 _uuid: 9f316b11-0ea5-4aff-b638-9bb9737cd7b6 reftype: Book child_publication: /book/reliability-risk-challenge-managing-interconnected-infrastructures href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9f316b11-0ea5-4aff-b638-9bb9737cd7b6.yaml identifier: 9f316b11-0ea5-4aff-b638-9bb9737cd7b6 uri: /reference/9f316b11-0ea5-4aff-b638-9bb9737cd7b6 - attrs: Author: 'Gain, Animesh K.; Josselin J. Rouillard; David Benson ' DOI: '10.4236/jwarp.2013.54A003 ' Issue: 4A Journal: Journal of Water Resource and Protection Pages: 11-20 Title: 'Can integrated water resources management increase adaptive capacity to climate change adaptation? A critical review' Volume: 5 Year: 2013 _record_number: 21440 _uuid: a628fcb3-4e2a-4f3e-b6f2-1bce04b5d6df reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.4236/jwarp.2013.54A003%20 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/a628fcb3-4e2a-4f3e-b6f2-1bce04b5d6df.yaml identifier: a628fcb3-4e2a-4f3e-b6f2-1bce04b5d6df uri: /reference/a628fcb3-4e2a-4f3e-b6f2-1bce04b5d6df - attrs: Author: 'Ouyang, Min' DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2013.06.040 Date: 2014/01/01/ ISSN: 0951-8320 Journal: Reliability Engineering & System Safety Keywords: Critical infrastructure systems (CISs); Interdependencies; Empirical approach; Agent; System dynamics; Economic theory; Network; Resilience Pages: 43-60 Title: Review on modeling and simulation of interdependent critical infrastructure systems Volume: 121 Year: 2014 _record_number: 21416 _uuid: a90f4a5c-16d6-4fcb-81d7-50cd599de443 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.ress.2013.06.040 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/a90f4a5c-16d6-4fcb-81d7-50cd599de443.yaml identifier: a90f4a5c-16d6-4fcb-81d7-50cd599de443 uri: /reference/a90f4a5c-16d6-4fcb-81d7-50cd599de443 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: "Hibbard, Kathy\rWilson, Tom\rAveryt, Kristen\rHarriss, Robert\rNewmark, Robin\rRose, Steven\rShevliakova, Elena\rTidwell, Vincent" Book Title: 'Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment' DOI: 10.7930/J0JW8BSF Editor: "Melillo, Jerry M.\rTerese (T.C.) Richmond,\rYohe, Gary W." Pages: 257-281 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Reviewer: aa1fec1f-b5c3-48b8-b17e-ca88da35eb4c Title: 'Ch. 10: Energy, Water, and Land Use' URL: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/sectors/energy-water-and-land Year: 2014 _chapter: '["Ch. 0: About this Report FINAL"]' _record_number: 4721 _uuid: aa1fec1f-b5c3-48b8-b17e-ca88da35eb4c reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/nca3/chapter/water-energy-land-use href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/aa1fec1f-b5c3-48b8-b17e-ca88da35eb4c.yaml identifier: aa1fec1f-b5c3-48b8-b17e-ca88da35eb4c uri: /reference/aa1fec1f-b5c3-48b8-b17e-ca88da35eb4c - attrs: Author: 'Díaz, Pacia; Stanek, Paul; Frantzeskaki, Niki; Yeh, Daniel H.' DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2016.03.016 Date: 2016/10/01/ ISSN: 2210-6707 Journal: Sustainable Cities and Society Keywords: Coastal cities; Urban water cycle; IUWM; Urban well field; Water recycling; Water conservation Pages: 555-567 Title: 'Shifting paradigms, changing waters: Transitioning to integrated urban water management in the coastal city of Dunedin, USA' Volume: 26 Year: 2016 _record_number: 21448 _uuid: af78baf1-65dd-4ce4-81fb-aed9df71f496 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.scs.2016.03.016 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/af78baf1-65dd-4ce4-81fb-aed9df71f496.yaml identifier: af78baf1-65dd-4ce4-81fb-aed9df71f496 uri: /reference/af78baf1-65dd-4ce4-81fb-aed9df71f496 - attrs: Author: 'Panteli, M.; Mancarella, P.' DOI: 10.1109/MPE.2015.2397334 ISSN: 1540-7977 Issue: 3 Journal: IEEE Power and Energy Magazine Keywords: critical infrastructures; power grids; power system reliability; critical power infrastructures; power grid; power system resilience; Electricity supply industry; Meteorology; Power distribution planning; Resilience Pages: 58-66 Title: 'The grid: Stronger, bigger, smarter? Presenting a conceptual framework of power system resilience' Volume: 13 Year: 2015 _record_number: 25928 _uuid: b7390f11-3506-4d02-a132-9fe9f479e960 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1109/MPE.2015.2397334 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b7390f11-3506-4d02-a132-9fe9f479e960.yaml identifier: b7390f11-3506-4d02-a132-9fe9f479e960 uri: /reference/b7390f11-3506-4d02-a132-9fe9f479e960 - attrs: Abstract: 'Managing water for sustainable use and economic development is both a technical and a governance challenge in which knowledge production and sharing play a central role. This article evaluates and compares the role of participatory governance and scientific information in decision-making in four basins in Brazil, Mexico, Thailand, and the United States. Water management institutions in each of the basins have evolved during the last 10–20 years from a relatively centralized water-management structure at the state or national level to a decision structure that involves engaging water users within the basins and the development of participatory processes. This change is consistent with global trends in which states increasingly are expected to gain public acceptance for larger water projects and policy changes. In each case, expanded citizen engagement in identifying options and in decision-making processes has resulted in more complexity but also has expanded the culture of integrated learning. International funding for water infrastructure has been linked to requirements for participatory management processes, but, ironically, this study finds that participatory processes appear to work better in the context of decisions that are short-term and easily adjusted, such as water-allocation decisions, and do not work so well for longer-term, high-stakes decisions regarding infrastructure. A second important observation is that the costs of capacity building to allow meaningful stakeholder engagement in water-management decision processes are not widely recognized. Failure to appreciate the associated costs and complexities may contribute to the lack of successful engagement of citizens in decisions regarding infrastructure.' Author: 'Jacobs, Katharine; Lebel, Louis; Buizer, James; Addams, Lee; Matson, Pamela; McCullough, Ellen; Garden, Po; Saliba, George; Finan, Timothy' DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0813125107 Issue: 17 Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pages: 4591-4596 Title: Linking knowledge with action in the pursuit of sustainable water-resources management Volume: 113 Year: 2016 _record_number: 25291 _uuid: b92ffe4f-1264-4b7a-8a71-1692ef35cda2 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.0813125107 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b92ffe4f-1264-4b7a-8a71-1692ef35cda2.yaml identifier: b92ffe4f-1264-4b7a-8a71-1692ef35cda2 uri: /reference/b92ffe4f-1264-4b7a-8a71-1692ef35cda2 - attrs: Author: 'Gann, D. M.; M. Dodgson; D. Bhardwaj' DOI: 10.1147/JRD.2010.2095750 ISSN: 0018-8646 Issue: 1.2 Journal: IBM Journal of Research and Development Keywords: Buildings; Investments; Technological innovation; Telecommunication network management; Transportation; Urban areas Pages: 8:1-8:10 Title: Physical–digital integration in city infrastructure Volume: 55 Year: 2011 _record_number: 21439 _uuid: c75e24cb-498e-400b-8f25-a47526666cf5 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1147/JRD.2010.2095750 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c75e24cb-498e-400b-8f25-a47526666cf5.yaml identifier: c75e24cb-498e-400b-8f25-a47526666cf5 uri: /reference/c75e24cb-498e-400b-8f25-a47526666cf5 - attrs: Author: 'Giles-Corti, Billie; Vernez-Moudon, Anne; Reis, Rodrigo; Turrell, Gavin; Dannenberg, Andrew L.; Badland, Hannah; Foster, Sarah; Lowe, Melanie; Sallis, James F.; Stevenson, Mark; Owen, Neville' DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30066-6 Date: 2016/12/10/ ISSN: 0140-6736 Issue: 10062 Journal: The Lancet Pages: 2912-2924 Title: 'City planning and population health: A global challenge' Volume: 388 Year: 2016 _record_number: 25293 _uuid: ceba4136-3c90-4422-a4c9-687f58ee0543 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30066-6 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ceba4136-3c90-4422-a4c9-687f58ee0543.yaml identifier: ceba4136-3c90-4422-a4c9-687f58ee0543 uri: /reference/ceba4136-3c90-4422-a4c9-687f58ee0543 - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Editor: 'Wilbanks, Thomas J.; Fernandez, Steven' ISBN: 9781610915540 Number of Pages: 108 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: Island Press Series Title: Technical Report to the U.S. Department of Energy in Support of the National Climate Assessment Title: 'Climate Change and Infrastructure, Urban Systems, and Vulnerabilities' URL: https://islandpress.org/book/climate-change-and-infrastructure-urban-systems-and-vulnerabilities Year: 2014 _record_number: 21390 _uuid: d2f3853a-5f20-4132-92c8-57da1b4d95fc reftype: Edited Book child_publication: /book/climate-change-infrastructure-urban-systems-vulnerabilities href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d2f3853a-5f20-4132-92c8-57da1b4d95fc.yaml identifier: d2f3853a-5f20-4132-92c8-57da1b4d95fc uri: /reference/d2f3853a-5f20-4132-92c8-57da1b4d95fc - attrs: Author: 'Filippini, Roberto; Silva, Andrés' DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2013.09.010 Date: 2014/05/01/ ISSN: 0951-8320 Journal: Reliability Engineering & System Safety Keywords: System analysis; Resilience; Critical infrastructures; Systems-of-systems Pages: 82-91 Title: A modeling framework for the resilience analysis of networked systems-of-systems based on functional dependencies Volume: 125 Year: 2014 _record_number: 21441 _uuid: d5343adc-cad7-4ec5-89db-02b4e7432c1a reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.ress.2013.09.010 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d5343adc-cad7-4ec5-89db-02b4e7432c1a.yaml identifier: d5343adc-cad7-4ec5-89db-02b4e7432c1a uri: /reference/d5343adc-cad7-4ec5-89db-02b4e7432c1a - attrs: .reference_type: 47 Author: 'Timonen, J.; L. Lääperi; L. Rummukainen; S. Puuska; J. Vankka' Conference Name: 2014 6th International Conference On Cyber Conflict (CyCon 2014) DOI: 10.1109/CYCON.2014.6916401 Date: 3-6 June 2014 ISBN/ISSN: 2325-5366 Pages: 157-173 Title: Situational awareness and information collection from critical infrastructure Year: 2014 _record_number: 21399 _uuid: d9b6e3b6-cf36-448e-af91-fb6cf640e007 reftype: Conference Paper child_publication: /generic/be4868de-ad4f-425d-9acb-6af073f2a926 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d9b6e3b6-cf36-448e-af91-fb6cf640e007.yaml identifier: d9b6e3b6-cf36-448e-af91-fb6cf640e007 uri: /reference/d9b6e3b6-cf36-448e-af91-fb6cf640e007 - attrs: Abstract: "The new City of Damascus, Oregon, was included in the Portland Metropolitan Urban Growth Boundary in 2002 and incorporated in 2004. This previously rural area is faced with significant infrastructure challenges and opportunities, as they develop plans for a new urban city for the next 50 years. The city is characterized by a lack of existing urban built infrastructure, with large parcels of undeveloped land, intact ecosystems, and significant natural resources, with a population of 9,900 people in an area of10,000 acres. This setting provides an opportunity for the city to integrate and plan for the management of water resources, ecosystem services, and water infrastructure without the constraints and segregation of traditional water infrastructure solutions.

The Integrated Water Resource Management Plan (IWRMP) ties together the City's current work in developing an urban land-use plan, with ecosystem services, stormwater management, and wastewater treatment/water reuse plans into a cost-effective, integrated plan for water management." Author: 'Callaway, Emily; Green, Dave; Anderson, Mark; Yap, Anita; Gaschler, Steve' DOI: 10.2175/193864710798206900 Date: // Issue: 9 Journal: Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation Keywords: Integrated water management; ecosystem services; integrated water resources; reuse; sustainability; urban planning; urban reuse Pages: 6720-6733 Title: 'Integrated infrastructure planning, A new approach for the new city of Damascus, Oregon' Volume: 2010 Year: 2010 _record_number: 21460 _uuid: e065f634-1a56-417f-b541-f90862b11623 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.2175/193864710798206900 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e065f634-1a56-417f-b541-f90862b11623.yaml identifier: e065f634-1a56-417f-b541-f90862b11623 uri: /reference/e065f634-1a56-417f-b541-f90862b11623 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Abstract: 'As the human population grows--tripling in the past century while, simultaneously, quadrupling its demand for water--Earth's finite freshwater supplies are increasingly strained, and also increasingly contaminated by domestic, agricultural, and industrial wastes. Today, approximately one-third of the world's population lives in areas with scarce water resources. Nearly one billion people currently lack access to an adequate water supply, and more than twice as many lack access to basic sanitation services. It is projected that by 2025 water scarcity will affect nearly two-thirds of all people on the planet. Recognizing that water availability, water quality, and sanitation are fundamental issues underlying infectious disease emergence and spread, the Institute of Medicine held a two-day public workshop, summarized in this volume. Through invited presentations and discussions, participants explored global and local connections between water, sanitation, and health; the spectrum of water-related disease transmission processes as they inform intervention design; lessons learned from water-related disease outbreaks; vulnerabilities in water and sanitation infrastructure in both industrialized and developing countries; and opportunities to improve water and sanitation infrastructure so as to reduce the risk of water-related infectious disease.' Author: 'Beach, Michael J.; Roy, Sharon; Brunkard, Joan; Yoder, Jonathan; Hlavsa, Michele C.' Book Title: 'Global Issues in Water, Sanitation, and Health: Workshop Summary' Chapter: 3 DOI: 10.17226/12658 ISBN: 978-0-309-13872-7 Keywords: Health and Medicine; Earth Sciences Language: English Pages: 156-168 Place Published: 'Washington, D.C.' Publisher: Institute of Medicine. The National Academies Press Title: 'The changing epidemiology of waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States: Implications for system infrastructure and future planning' Year: 2009 _record_number: 18853 _uuid: e51f35c4-b5ba-4e95-8090-582e2897754b reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/iom-water-sanitation-2009 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e51f35c4-b5ba-4e95-8090-582e2897754b.yaml identifier: e51f35c4-b5ba-4e95-8090-582e2897754b uri: /reference/e51f35c4-b5ba-4e95-8090-582e2897754b - attrs: Abstract: "Fostering resilience in the face of environmental, socioeconomic, and political uncertainty and risk has captured the attention of academics and decision makers across disciplines, sectors, and scales. Resilience has become an important goal for cities, particularly in the face of climate change. Urban areas house the majority of the world's population, and, in addition to functioning as nodes of resource consumption and as sites for innovation, have become laboratories for resilience, both in theory and in practice. This paper reviews the scholarly literature on urban resilience and concludes that the term has not been well defined. Existing definitions are inconsistent and underdeveloped with respect to incorporation of crucial concepts found in both resilience theory and urban theory. Based on this literature review, and aided by bibliometric analysis, the paper identifies six conceptual tensions fundamental to urban resilience: (1) definition of ‘urban’; (2) understanding of system equilibrium; (3) positive vs. neutral (or negative) conceptualizations of resilience; (4) mechanisms for system change; (5) adaptation versus general adaptability; and (6) timescale of action. To advance this burgeoning field, more conceptual clarity is needed. This paper, therefore, proposes a new definition of urban resilience. This definition takes explicit positions on these tensions, but remains inclusive and flexible enough to enable uptake by, and collaboration among, varying disciplines. The paper concludes with a discussion of how the definition might serve as a boundary object, with the acknowledgement that applying resilience in different contexts requires answering: Resilience for whom and to what? When? Where? And why?" Author: 'Meerow, Sara; Newell, Joshua P.; Stults, Melissa' DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.11.011 Date: 3// ISSN: 0169-2046 Journal: Landscape and Urban Planning Keywords: Adaptation; Urban; Resilience Pages: 38-49 Title: 'Defining urban resilience: A review' Volume: 147 Year: 2016 _record_number: 22792 _uuid: e70ad283-4e8b-4a9e-8279-6f7f830f98f5 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.11.011 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e70ad283-4e8b-4a9e-8279-6f7f830f98f5.yaml identifier: e70ad283-4e8b-4a9e-8279-6f7f830f98f5 uri: /reference/e70ad283-4e8b-4a9e-8279-6f7f830f98f5 - attrs: Author: 'Liu, Lu; Hejazi, Mohamad; Patel, Pralit; Kyle, Page; Davies, Evan; Zhou, Yuyu; Clarke, Leon; Edmonds, James' DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2014.11.004 Date: 5// ISSN: 0040-1625 Journal: Technological Forecasting and Social Change Keywords: Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM); Water-energy nexus; Climate mitigation policy Pages: 318-334 Title: 'Water demands for electricity generation in the U.S.: Modeling different scenarios for the water–energy nexus' Volume: 94 Year: 2015 _record_number: 21425 _uuid: e7635eef-41d4-4fa2-b11b-5db9f87ce0fd reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.techfore.2014.11.004 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e7635eef-41d4-4fa2-b11b-5db9f87ce0fd.yaml identifier: e7635eef-41d4-4fa2-b11b-5db9f87ce0fd uri: /reference/e7635eef-41d4-4fa2-b11b-5db9f87ce0fd - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Author: USGCRP DOI: 10.7930/J0R49NQX Number of Pages: 312 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: 'The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment' Year: 2016 _record_number: 19368 _uuid: f1e633d5-070a-4a7d-935b-a2281a0c9cb6 reftype: Book child_publication: /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f1e633d5-070a-4a7d-935b-a2281a0c9cb6.yaml identifier: f1e633d5-070a-4a7d-935b-a2281a0c9cb6 uri: /reference/f1e633d5-070a-4a7d-935b-a2281a0c9cb6 - attrs: Author: 'Boin, Arjen; McConnell, Allan' DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-5973.2007.00504.x ISSN: 1468-5973 Issue: 1 Journal: Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management Pages: 50-59 Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd Title: 'Preparing for critical infrastructure breakdowns: The limits of crisis management and the need for resilience' Volume: 15 Year: 2007 _record_number: 21461 _uuid: f3b4b2c2-f1d6-4dfb-a02f-43714c47ffc3 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/j.1468-5973.2007.00504.x href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f3b4b2c2-f1d6-4dfb-a02f-43714c47ffc3.yaml identifier: f3b4b2c2-f1d6-4dfb-a02f-43714c47ffc3 uri: /reference/f3b4b2c2-f1d6-4dfb-a02f-43714c47ffc3