--- - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'National Infrastructure Advisory Council,' Institution: U.S. Department of Homeland Security Pages: 83 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Title: 'A Framework for Establishing Critical Infrastructure Resilience Goals: Final Report and Recommendations' URL: https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/niac/niac-a-framework-for-establishing-critical-infrastructure-resilience-goals-2010-10-19.pdf Year: 2010 _record_number: 21419 _uuid: 01ca14d2-84e1-4d87-9090-139dd0b06959 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/framework-establishing-critical-infrastructure-resilience-goals-final-report-recommendations href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/01ca14d2-84e1-4d87-9090-139dd0b06959.yaml identifier: 01ca14d2-84e1-4d87-9090-139dd0b06959 uri: /reference/01ca14d2-84e1-4d87-9090-139dd0b06959 - attrs: Abstract: 'Freshwater resources are fundamental for maintaining human health, agricultural production, economic activity as well as critical ecosystem functions. As populations and economies grow, new constraints on water resources are appearing, raising questions about limits to water availability. Such resource questions are not new. The specter of “peak oil”—a peaking and then decline in oil production—has long been predicted and debated. We present here a detailed assessment and definition of three concepts of “peak water”: peak renewable water, peak nonrenewable water, and peak ecological water. These concepts can help hydrologists, water managers, policy makers, and the public understand and manage different water systems more effectively and sustainably. Peak renewable water applies where flow constraints limit total water availability over time. Peak nonrenewable water is observable in groundwater systems where production rates substantially exceed natural recharge rates and where overpumping or contamination leads to a peak of production followed by a decline, similar to more traditional peak-oil curves. Peak “ecological” water is defined as the point beyond which the total costs of ecological disruptions and damages exceed the total value provided by human use of that water. Despite uncertainties in quantifying many of these costs and benefits in consistent ways, more and more watersheds appear to have already passed the point of peak water. Applying these concepts can help shift the way freshwater resources are managed toward more productive, equitable, efficient, and sustainable use.' Author: 'Gleick, Peter H.; Palaniappan, Meena' DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1004812107 Date: 'June 22, 2010' Issue: 25 Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pages: 11155-11162 Title: Peak water limits to freshwater withdrawal and use Volume: 107 Year: 2010 _record_number: 21436 _uuid: 05bd69b4-a5a4-4ca9-8169-323225d06b37 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.1004812107 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/05bd69b4-a5a4-4ca9-8169-323225d06b37.yaml identifier: 05bd69b4-a5a4-4ca9-8169-323225d06b37 uri: /reference/05bd69b4-a5a4-4ca9-8169-323225d06b37 - attrs: Author: 'Rosenzweig, Cynthia; Solecki, William' DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.05.003 Date: 2014/09/01/ ISSN: 0959-3780 Journal: Global Environmental Change Keywords: Adaptation pathways; Cities; Climate change; Resilience; Transformation Pages: 395-408 Title: 'Hurricane Sandy and adaptation pathways in New York: Lessons from a first-responder city' Volume: 28 Year: 2014 _record_number: 25285 _uuid: 05dfeb86-895b-44ed-92ce-e0a98c4dd7ab reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.05.003 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/05dfeb86-895b-44ed-92ce-e0a98c4dd7ab.yaml identifier: 05dfeb86-895b-44ed-92ce-e0a98c4dd7ab uri: /reference/05dfeb86-895b-44ed-92ce-e0a98c4dd7ab - attrs: Author: 'Nguyen, Tri-Dung; Ximing Cai; Yanfeng Ouyang; Mashor Housh ' DOI: 10.1504/IJCIS.2016.075868 Issue: 1/2 Journal: International Journal of Critical Infrastructures Pages: 4-36 Title: 'Modelling infrastructure interdependencies, resiliency and sustainability' Volume: 12 Year: 2016 _record_number: 21417 _uuid: 08dd50c9-5530-4ab3-9e11-8085fcb24889 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1504/IJCIS.2016.075868 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/08dd50c9-5530-4ab3-9e11-8085fcb24889.yaml identifier: 08dd50c9-5530-4ab3-9e11-8085fcb24889 uri: /reference/08dd50c9-5530-4ab3-9e11-8085fcb24889 - attrs: Abstract: 'Warming associated with urban development will be exacerbated in future years by temperature increases due to climate change. The strategic implementation of urban green infrastructure (UGI) e.g. street trees, parks, green roofs and facades can help achieve temperature reductions in urban areas while delivering diverse additional benefits such as pollution reduction and biodiversity habitat. Although the greatest thermal benefits of UGI are achieved in climates with hot, dry summers, there is comparatively little information available for land managers to determine an appropriate strategy for UGI implementation under these climatic conditions. We present a framework for prioritisation and selection of UGI for cooling. The framework is supported by a review of the scientific literature examining the relationships between urban geometry, UGI and temperature mitigation which we used to develop guidelines for UGI implementation that maximises urban surface temperature cooling. We focus particularly on quantifying the cooling benefits of four types of UGI: green open spaces (primarily public parks), shade trees, green roofs, and vertical greening systems (green walls and facades) and demonstrate how the framework can be applied using a case study from Melbourne, Australia.' Author: 'Norton, Briony A.; Coutts, Andrew M.; Livesley, Stephen J.; Harris, Richard J.; Hunter, Annie M.; Williams, Nicholas S. G.' DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.10.018 Date: 2// ISSN: 0169-2046 Journal: Landscape and Urban Planning Keywords: Green infrastructure; Adaptation; Urban; Climate change; Heat; Health Notes: non-US but may apply Pages: 127-138 Title: 'Planning for cooler cities: A framework to prioritise green infrastructure to mitigate high temperatures in urban landscapes' Volume: 134 Year: 2015 _record_number: 22807 _uuid: 0b030246-6546-4656-bae4-f17ae4c14416 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.10.018 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0b030246-6546-4656-bae4-f17ae4c14416.yaml identifier: 0b030246-6546-4656-bae4-f17ae4c14416 uri: /reference/0b030246-6546-4656-bae4-f17ae4c14416 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'EPA,' Institution: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Pages: 271 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Series Volume: EPA 430‐R‐17‐001 Title: 'Multi-model Framework for Quantitative Sectoral Impacts Analysis: A Technical Report for the Fourth National Climate Assessment' URL: https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_Report.cfm?dirEntryId=335095 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21365 _uuid: 0b30f1ab-e4c4-4837-aa8b-0e19faccdb94 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/epa-multi-model-framework-for-quantitative-sectoral-impacts-analysis-2017 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0b30f1ab-e4c4-4837-aa8b-0e19faccdb94.yaml identifier: 0b30f1ab-e4c4-4837-aa8b-0e19faccdb94 uri: /reference/0b30f1ab-e4c4-4837-aa8b-0e19faccdb94 - attrs: Abstract: 'We estimate, for current and future climates, the annual probability of areally averaged hurricane rain of Hurricane Harvey’s magnitude by downscaling large numbers of tropical cyclones from three climate reanalyses and six climate models. For the state of Texas, we estimate that the annual probability of 500 mm of area-integrated rainfall was about 1% in the period 1981–2000 and will increase to 18% over the period 2081–2100 under Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) AR5 representative concentration pathway 8.5. If the frequency of such event is increasingly linearly between these two periods, then in 2017 the annual probability would be 6%, a sixfold increase since the late 20th century.' Author: 'Emanuel, Kerry' DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1716222114 Date: 'November 28, 2017' Issue: 48 Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pages: 12681-12684 Title: Assessing the present and future probability of Hurricane Harvey’s rainfall Volume: 114 Year: 2017 _record_number: 23318 _uuid: 0b846847-a6c6-41a3-9bc8-fd626fc9a997 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.1716222114 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0b846847-a6c6-41a3-9bc8-fd626fc9a997.yaml identifier: 0b846847-a6c6-41a3-9bc8-fd626fc9a997 uri: /reference/0b846847-a6c6-41a3-9bc8-fd626fc9a997 - attrs: Abstract: 'The aims of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP) are to provide a framework for the intercomparison of global and regional-scale risk models within and across multiple sectors and to enable coordinated multi-sectoral assessments of different risks and their aggregated effects. The overarching goal is to use the knowledge gained to support adaptation and mitigation decisions that require regional or global perspectives within the context of facilitating transformations to enable sustainable development, despite inevitable climate shifts and disruptions. ISIMIP uses community-agreed sets of scenarios with standardized climate variables and socio-economic projections as inputs for projecting future risks and associated uncertainties, within and across sectors. The results are consistent multi-model assessments of sectoral risks and opportunities that enable studies that integrate across sectors, providing support for implementation of the Paris Agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.' Author: 'Rosenzweig, Cynthia; Nigel W. Arnell; Kristie L. Ebi; Hermann Lotze-Campen; Frank Raes; Chris Rapley; Mark Stafford Smith; Wolfgang Cramer; Katja Frieler; Christopher P. O. Reyer; Jacob Schewe; van Vuuren, Detlef; Lila Warszawski' DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/12/1/010301 ISSN: 1748-9326 Issue: 1 Journal: Environmental Research Letters Pages: 010301 Title: 'Assessing inter-sectoral climate change risks: The role of ISIMIP' Volume: 12 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21406 _uuid: 0bf999f3-8291-493a-bf19-525a26af5125 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1088/1748-9326/12/1/010301 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0bf999f3-8291-493a-bf19-525a26af5125.yaml identifier: 0bf999f3-8291-493a-bf19-525a26af5125 uri: /reference/0bf999f3-8291-493a-bf19-525a26af5125 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Bell, Jesse E.; Herring, Stephanie C. ; Jantarasami, Lesley; Adrianopoli, Carl; Benedict, Kaitlin; Conlon, Kathryn; Escobar, Vanessa; Hess, Jeremy; Luvall, Jeffrey; Garcia-Pando, Carlos Perez ; Quattrochi, Dale; Runkle, Jennifer; Schreck, Carl J., III' Book Title: 'The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment' DOI: 10.7930/J0BZ63ZV Pages: 99–128 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: 'Ch. 4: Impacts of extreme events on human health' Year: 2016 _record_number: 19376 _uuid: 0e186af3-bf5b-49ae-82cc-cf1a1a5a7c25 reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016/chapter/extreme-events href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0e186af3-bf5b-49ae-82cc-cf1a1a5a7c25.yaml identifier: 0e186af3-bf5b-49ae-82cc-cf1a1a5a7c25 uri: /reference/0e186af3-bf5b-49ae-82cc-cf1a1a5a7c25 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Oppenheimer, M.; Campos, M.; Warren, R.; Birkmann, J.; Luber, G.; O’Neill, B.; Takahashi, K.' Book Title: 'Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change' Editor: 'Field, C. B.; Barros, V. R.; Dokken, D. J.; Mach, K. J.; Mastrandrea, M. D.; Bilir, T. E.; Chatterjee, M.; Ebi, K. L.; Estrada, Y. O.; Genova, R. C.; Girma, B.; Kissel, E. S.; Levy, A. N.; MacCracken, S.; Mastrandrea, P. R.; White, L. L.' Pages: 1039-1099 Place Published: 'Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA' Publisher: Cambridge University Press Short Title: Emergent risks and key vulnerabilities Title: Emergent risks and key vulnerabilities Year: 2014 _record_number: 17696 _uuid: 0ea6d723-5df9-4b45-8d5f-be269119ccf8 reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/ipcc-ar5-wg2-parta/chapter/wg2-ar5-chap19-final href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0ea6d723-5df9-4b45-8d5f-be269119ccf8.yaml identifier: 0ea6d723-5df9-4b45-8d5f-be269119ccf8 uri: /reference/0ea6d723-5df9-4b45-8d5f-be269119ccf8 - attrs: Author: 'Headey, Derek' DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.10.003 Date: 2011/04/01/ ISSN: 0306-9192 Issue: 2 Journal: Food Policy Keywords: World food crisis; International grain trade; Export restrictions; Demand surges Pages: 136-146 Title: 'Rethinking the global food crisis: The role of trade shocks' Volume: 36 Year: 2011 _record_number: 25270 _uuid: 104ac287-a088-4dd3-b53d-8e60628d8cf2 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.10.003 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/104ac287-a088-4dd3-b53d-8e60628d8cf2.yaml identifier: 104ac287-a088-4dd3-b53d-8e60628d8cf2 uri: /reference/104ac287-a088-4dd3-b53d-8e60628d8cf2 - attrs: Author: 'Tarroja, Brian; AghaKouchak, Amir; Sobhani, Reza; Feldman, David; Jiang, Sunny; Samuelsen, Scott' DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.071 Date: 2014/11/01/ ISSN: 0048-9697 Journal: Science of The Total Environment Keywords: Water–energy nexus; Climate change; Renewable energy; Greenhouse gas; Securing water resources; California Pages: 711-724 Title: 'Evaluating options for balancing the water–electricity nexus in California: Part 2—Greenhouse gas and renewable energy utilization impacts' Volume: 497 Year: 2014 _record_number: 21401 _uuid: 106649ab-c177-4609-b4e2-4ac1111f7917 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.071 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/106649ab-c177-4609-b4e2-4ac1111f7917.yaml identifier: 106649ab-c177-4609-b4e2-4ac1111f7917 uri: /reference/106649ab-c177-4609-b4e2-4ac1111f7917 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'USACE,' Institution: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Pages: 46 Place Published: Washington DC Title: 'Event Study: 2012 Low-Water and Mississippi River Lock 27 Closures' URL: http://www.lrd.usace.army.mil/Portals/73/docs/Navigation/PCXIN/Drought_2012_Report_-FINAL_2013-08-30.pdf Year: 2013 _record_number: 21398 _uuid: 11a10afa-3fe6-41d1-ab1e-b3476c1ec5e2 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/event-study-2012-low-water-mississippi-river-lock-27-closures href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/11a10afa-3fe6-41d1-ab1e-b3476c1ec5e2.yaml identifier: 11a10afa-3fe6-41d1-ab1e-b3476c1ec5e2 uri: /reference/11a10afa-3fe6-41d1-ab1e-b3476c1ec5e2 - attrs: Abstract: 'Excessive levels of herbivory may disturb ecosystems in ways that persist even when herbivory is moderated. These persistent changes may complicate efforts to restore ecosystems affected by herbivores. Willow (Salix spp.) communities within the northern range in Yellowstone National Park have been eliminated or degraded in many riparian areas by excessive elk (Cervus elaphus L.) browsing. Elk browsing of riparian willows appears to have diminished following the reintroduction of wolves (Canis lupis L.), but it remains uncertain whether reduced herbivory will restore willow communities. The direct effects of elk browsing on willows have been accompanied by indirect effects from the loss of beaver (Castor canadensis Kuhl) activity, including incision of stream channels, erosion of fine sediments, and lower water tables near streams historically dammed by beaver. In areas where these changes have occurred, lowered water tables may suppress willow height even in the absence of elk browsing. We conducted a factorial field experiment to understand willow responses to browsing and to height of water tables. After four years of protection from elk browsing, willows with ambient water tables averaged only 106 cm in height, with negligible height gain in two of three study species during the last year of the experiment. Willows that were protected from browsing and had artificially elevated water tables averaged 147 cm in height and gained 19 cm in the last year of the experiment. In browsed plots, elevated water tables doubled height gain during a period of slightly reduced browsing pressure. We conclude that water availability mediates the rate of willow height gain and may determine whether willows grow tall enough to escape the browse zone of elk and gain resistance to future elk browsing. Consequently, in areas where long‐term beaver absence has resulted in incised stream channels and low water tables, a reduction in elk browsing alone may not be sufficient for recovery of tall willow stands. Because tall willow stems are important elements of habitat for beaver, mitigating water table decline may be necessary in these areas to promote recovery of historical willow–beaver mutualisms.' Author: 'Bilyeu, Danielle M.; David J. Cooper; N. Thompson Hobbs' DOI: 10.1890/07-0212.1 Issue: 1 Journal: Ecological Applications Pages: 80-92 Title: Water tables constrain height recovery of willow on Yellowstone's northern range Volume: 18 Year: 2008 _record_number: 25266 _uuid: 13701526-277c-44a7-9301-c543e7b59484 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1890/07-0212.1 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/13701526-277c-44a7-9301-c543e7b59484.yaml identifier: 13701526-277c-44a7-9301-c543e7b59484 uri: /reference/13701526-277c-44a7-9301-c543e7b59484 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Background Extreme events (e.g. flooding) threaten critical infrastructure including power supplies. Many interlinked systems in the modern world depend on a reliable power supply to function effectively. The health sector is no exception, but the impact of power outages on health is poorly understood. Greater understanding is essential so that adverse health impacts can be prevented and/or mitigated. Methods We searched Medline, CINAHL and Scopus for papers about the health impacts of power outages during extreme events published in 2011-2012. A thematic analysis was undertaken on the extracted information. The Public Health England Extreme Events Bulletins between 01/01/2013 - 31/03/2013 were used to identify extreme events that led to power outages during this three-month period. Results We identified 20 relevant articles. Power outages were found to impact health at many levels within diverse settings. Recurrent themes included the difficulties of accessing healthcare, maintaining frontline services and the challenges of community healthcare. We identified 52 power outages in 19 countries that were the direct consequence of extreme events during the first three months of 2013. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first review of the health impacts of power outages. We found the current evidence and knowledge base to be poor. With scientific consensus predicting an increase in the frequency and magnitude of extreme events due to climate change, the gaps in knowledge need to be addressed in order to mitigate the impact of power outages on global health.' Author: 'Klinger, C.; Landeg, O.; Murray, V.' Author Address: 'Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, UK. Extreme Events and Health Protection, Public Health England, London, UK.' DOI: 10.1371/currents.dis.04eb1dc5e73dd1377e05a10e9edde673 ISSN: 2157-3999 Journal: 'PLOS Currents: Disasters' Language: eng Notes: '2157-3999 Klinger, Chaamala Landeg, Owen Murray, Virginia Journal Article United States PLoS Curr. 2014 Jan 2;6. pii: ecurrents.dis.04eb1dc5e73dd1377e05a10e9edde673. doi: 10.1371/currents.dis.04eb1dc5e73dd1377e05a10e9edde673.' PMCID: PMC3879211 Title: 'Power outages, extreme events and health: A systematic review of the literature from 2011-2012' URL: http://currents.plos.org/disasters/index.html%3Fp=10801.html Volume: 6 Year: 2014 _record_number: 18991 _uuid: 13d048c9-77d7-4bbb-beeb-ee49842d2719 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1371/currents.dis.04eb1dc5e73dd1377e05a10e9edde673 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/13d048c9-77d7-4bbb-beeb-ee49842d2719.yaml identifier: 13d048c9-77d7-4bbb-beeb-ee49842d2719 uri: /reference/13d048c9-77d7-4bbb-beeb-ee49842d2719 - attrs: Author: 'Allen, Melissa R.; Fernandez, Steven J.; Fu, Joshua S.; Olama, Mohammed M.' DOI: 10.1038/nenergy.2016.103 Date: 07/25/online Journal: Nature Energy Pages: 16103 Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Title: Impacts of climate change on sub-regional electricity demand and distribution in the southern United States Type of Article: Article Volume: 1 Year: 2016 _record_number: 25264 _uuid: 14b40247-76a6-4261-baaa-06f46f167d53 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nenergy.2016.103 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/14b40247-76a6-4261-baaa-06f46f167d53.yaml identifier: 14b40247-76a6-4261-baaa-06f46f167d53 uri: /reference/14b40247-76a6-4261-baaa-06f46f167d53 - attrs: Abstract: 'Understanding historical changes in flood damage and the underlying mechanisms is critical for predicting future changes for better adaptations. In this study, a detailed assessment of flood damage for 1950–1999 is conducted at the state level in the conterminous United States (CONUS). Geospatial datasets on possible influencing factors are then developed by synthesizing natural hazards, population, wealth, cropland and urban area to explore the relations with flood damage. A considerable increase in flood damage in CONUS is recorded for the study period which is well correlated with hazards. Comparably, runoff indexed hazards simulated by the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model can explain a larger portion of flood damage variations than precipitation in 84% of the states. Cropland is identified as an important factor contributing to increased flood damage in central US while urbanland exhibits positive and negative relations with total flood damage and damage per unit wealth in 20 and 16 states, respectively. Overall, flood damage in 34 out of 48 investigated states can be predicted at the 90% confidence level. In extreme cases, ~76% of flood damage variations can be explained in some states, highlighting the potential of future flood damage prediction based on climate change and socioeconomic scenarios.' Author: 'Zhou, Qianqian; Leng, Guoyong; Feng, Leyang' DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05773-4 Date: 2017/07/13 ISSN: 2045-2322 Issue: 1 Journal: Scientific Reports Pages: 5354 Title: 'Predictability of state-level flood damage in the conterminous United States: The role of hazard, exposure and vulnerability' Volume: 7 Year: 2017 _record_number: 25278 _uuid: 15b9a2d3-4ae2-4a11-a298-d68bff647e96 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/s41598-017-05773-4 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/15b9a2d3-4ae2-4a11-a298-d68bff647e96.yaml identifier: 15b9a2d3-4ae2-4a11-a298-d68bff647e96 uri: /reference/15b9a2d3-4ae2-4a11-a298-d68bff647e96 - attrs: Abstract: 'There is mounting concern for the health of urban populations as cities expand at an unprecedented rate. Urban green spaces provide settings for a remarkable range of physical and mental health benefits, and pioneering health policy is recognizing nature as a cost-effective tool for planning healthy cities.Despite this, limited information on how specific elements of nature deliver health outcomes restricts its use for enhancing population health. We articulate a framework for identifying direct and indirect causal pathways through which nature delivers health benefits, and highlight current evidence.We see a need for a bold new research agenda founded on testing causality that transcends disciplinary boundaries between ecology and health. This will lead to cost-effective and tailored solutions that could enhance population health and reduce health inequalities.' Accession Number: 25602866 Author: 'Shanahan, Danielle F.; Brenda B. Lin; Robert Bush; Kevin J. Gaston; Julie H. Dean; Elizabeth Barber; Richard A. Fuller' DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2014.302324 Issue: 3 Journal: American Journal of Public Health Pages: 470-477 Title: Toward improved public health outcomes from urban nature Volume: 105 Year: 2015 _record_number: 25283 _uuid: 17a66785-de41-4dde-a32a-ed1d3f3a9d94 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.2105/ajph.2014.302324 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/17a66785-de41-4dde-a32a-ed1d3f3a9d94.yaml identifier: 17a66785-de41-4dde-a32a-ed1d3f3a9d94 uri: /reference/17a66785-de41-4dde-a32a-ed1d3f3a9d94 - attrs: Author: 'Van Eeten, Michel; Nieuwenhuijs, Albert; Luiijf, Eric; Klaver, Marieke; Cruz, Edite' DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9299.2011.01926.x ISSN: 1467-9299 Issue: 2 Journal: Public Administration Pages: 381-400 Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd Title: 'The state and the threat of cascading failure across critical infrastructures: The implications of empirical evidence from media incident reports' Volume: 89 Year: 2011 _record_number: 21395 _uuid: 18325d52-df0d-4729-9e02-c0b0e8945fef reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/j.1467-9299.2011.01926.x href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/18325d52-df0d-4729-9e02-c0b0e8945fef.yaml identifier: 18325d52-df0d-4729-9e02-c0b0e8945fef uri: /reference/18325d52-df0d-4729-9e02-c0b0e8945fef - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: 'ERCOT,' Publisher: Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) Title: 'ERCOT Responds to Hurricane Harvey [web page]' URL: http://www.ercot.com/help/harvey Year: 2017 _record_number: 25305 _uuid: 1b369ff8-5576-49e8-96f6-8fc74a77f801 reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/97644a0b-a9a3-480a-b728-79f842a4fe0d href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1b369ff8-5576-49e8-96f6-8fc74a77f801.yaml identifier: 1b369ff8-5576-49e8-96f6-8fc74a77f801 uri: /reference/1b369ff8-5576-49e8-96f6-8fc74a77f801 - attrs: Author: 'White, Dave; Jones, J.; Maciejewski, Ross; Aggarwal, Rimjhim; Mascaro, Giuseppe' DOI: 10.3390/su9122204 ISSN: 2071-1050 Issue: 12 Journal: Sustainability Pages: 2204 Title: 'Stakeholder analysis for the food-energy-water nexus in Phoenix, Arizona: Implications for nexus governance' Volume: 9 Year: 2017 _record_number: 25280 _uuid: 24c1c5dc-cd03-46d3-9fbb-818276572e3f reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3390/su9122204 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/24c1c5dc-cd03-46d3-9fbb-818276572e3f.yaml identifier: 24c1c5dc-cd03-46d3-9fbb-818276572e3f uri: /reference/24c1c5dc-cd03-46d3-9fbb-818276572e3f - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Beatty, Mark E.; Phelps, Scot; Rohner, Chris; Weisfuse, Isaac' DOI: 10.1177/003335490612100109 ISSN: 1468-2877 Issue: 1 Journal: Public Health Reports PMC: 1497795 PMCID: PMC1497795 Pages: 36-44 Title: 'Blackout of 2003: Health effects and emergency responses' URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1497795 Volume: 121 Year: 2006 _record_number: 19183 _uuid: 25c22917-41da-4f27-82db-1d40c3b4f677 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/pmc-1497795 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/25c22917-41da-4f27-82db-1d40c3b4f677.yaml identifier: 25c22917-41da-4f27-82db-1d40c3b4f677 uri: /reference/25c22917-41da-4f27-82db-1d40c3b4f677 - attrs: Author: 'van Vliet, M. T. H.; van Beek, L. P. H.; Eisner, S.; Flörke, M.; Wada, Y.; Bierkens, M. F. P.' DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.07.007 Date: 2016/09/01/ ISSN: 0959-3780 Journal: Global Environmental Change Keywords: Water resources; Water temperature; Hydropower; Cooling water; Climate change; Global hydrological models Pages: 156-170 Title: Multi-model assessment of global hydropower and cooling water discharge potential under climate change Volume: 40 Year: 2016 _record_number: 21394 _uuid: 25c299b4-5144-4719-88ec-0e24635d8132 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.07.007 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/25c299b4-5144-4719-88ec-0e24635d8132.yaml identifier: 25c299b4-5144-4719-88ec-0e24635d8132 uri: /reference/25c299b4-5144-4719-88ec-0e24635d8132 - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Abstract: 'Many books instruct readers on how to use the tools of policy analysis. This book is different. Its primary focus is on helping readers to look critically at the strengths, limitations, and the underlying assumptions analysts make when they use standard tools or problem framings. Using examples, many of which involve issues in science and technology, the book exposes readers to some of the critical issues of taste, professional responsibility, ethics, and values that are associated with policy analysis and research. Topics covered include policy problems formulated in terms of utility maximization such as benefit-cost, decision, and multi-attribute analysis, issues in the valuation of intangibles, uncertainty in policy analysis, selected topics in risk analysis and communication, limitations and alternatives to the paradigm of utility maximization, issues in behavioral decision theory, issues related to organizations and multiple agents, and selected topics in policy advice and policy analysis for government.' Author: 'Morgan, M. Granger' DOI: 10.1017/9781316882665 Database Provider: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9781107184893 Name of Database: Cambridge Core Place Published: Cambridge Publisher: Cambridge University Press Title: 'Theory and Practice in Policy Analysis: Including Applications in Science and Technology' Year: 2017 _record_number: 25301 _uuid: 295191eb-9732-47cd-90cc-9aa55d16b10d reftype: Book child_publication: /book/theory-practice-policy-analysis-including-applications-science-technology href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/295191eb-9732-47cd-90cc-9aa55d16b10d.yaml identifier: 295191eb-9732-47cd-90cc-9aa55d16b10d uri: /reference/295191eb-9732-47cd-90cc-9aa55d16b10d - attrs: Abstract: 'Climate change impact assessments often apply models of individual sectors such as agriculture, forestry and water use without considering interactions between these sectors. This is likely to lead to misrepresentation of impacts, and consequently to poor decisions about climate adaptation. However, no published research assesses the differences between impacts simulated by single-sector and integrated models. Here we compare 14 indicators derived from a set of impact models run within single-sector and integrated frameworks across a range of climate and socio-economic scenarios in Europe. We show that single-sector studies misrepresent the spatial pattern, direction and magnitude of most impacts because they omit the complex interdependencies within human and environmental systems. The discrepancies are particularly pronounced for indicators such as food production and water exploitation, which are highly influenced by other sectors through changes in demand, land suitability and resource competition. Furthermore, the discrepancies are greater under different socio-economic scenarios than different climate scenarios, and at the sub-regional rather than Europe-wide scale.' Author: 'Harrison, Paula A.; Dunford, Robert W.; Holman, Ian P.; Rounsevell, Mark D. A.' DOI: 10.1038/nclimate3039 Date: 09//print ISSN: 1758-678X Issue: 9 Journal: Nature Climate Change Pages: 885-890 Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Title: Climate change impact modelling needs to include cross-sectoral interactions Type of Article: Article Volume: 6 Year: 2016 _record_number: 21434 _uuid: 2a131189-94cc-4c86-bb51-2fc0bf6a4504 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nclimate3039 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2a131189-94cc-4c86-bb51-2fc0bf6a4504.yaml identifier: 2a131189-94cc-4c86-bb51-2fc0bf6a4504 uri: /reference/2a131189-94cc-4c86-bb51-2fc0bf6a4504 - attrs: Abstract: 'The USGS Multihazards Project is working with numerous agencies to evaluate and plan for hazards and damages that could be caused by extreme winter storms impacting California. Atmospheric and hydrological aspects of a hypothetical storm scenario have been quantified as a basis for estimation of human, infrastructure, economic, and environmental impacts for emergency-preparedness and flood-planning exercises. In order to ensure scientific defensibility and necessary levels of detail in the scenario description, selected historical storm episodes were concatentated to describe a rapid arrival of several major storms over the state, yielding precipitation totals and runoff rates beyond those occurring during the individual historical storms. This concatenation allowed the scenario designers to avoid arbitrary scalings and is based on historical occasions from the 19th and 20th Centuries when storms have stalled over the state and when extreme storms have arrived in rapid succession. Dynamically consistent, hourly precipitation, temperatures, barometric pressures (for consideration of storm surges and coastal erosion), and winds over California were developed for the so-called ARkStorm scenario by downscaling the concatenated global records of the historical storm sequences onto 6- and 2-km grids using a regional weather model of January 1969 and February 1986 storm conditions. The weather model outputs were then used to force a hydrologic model to simulate ARkStorm runoff, to better understand resulting flooding risks. Methods used to build this scenario can be applied to other emergency, nonemergency and non-California applications.' Author: 'Dettinger, Michael D.; Martin Ralph, F.; Hughes, Mimi; Das, Tapash; Neiman, Paul; Cox, Dale; Estes, Gary; Reynolds, David; Hartman, Robert; Cayan, Daniel; Jones, Lucy' DOI: 10.1007/s11069-011-9894-5 Date: February 01 ISSN: 1573-0840 Issue: 3 Journal: Natural Hazards Pages: 1085-1111 Title: Design and quantification of an extreme winter storm scenario for emergency preparedness and planning exercises in California Type of Article: journal article Volume: 60 Year: 2012 _record_number: 21450 _uuid: 2a93c37c-fb44-4772-9f9d-3941fc377072 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s11069-011-9894-5 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2a93c37c-fb44-4772-9f9d-3941fc377072.yaml identifier: 2a93c37c-fb44-4772-9f9d-3941fc377072 uri: /reference/2a93c37c-fb44-4772-9f9d-3941fc377072 - attrs: Author: 'Phillips, Robert A.; Schwartz, Roberta L.; McKeon, William F.; Boom, Marc L.' Last Update Date: October 25 Publisher: NEJM Group Title of Entry: 'Lessons in leadership: How the world’s largest medical center braced for Hurricane Harvey' Title of WebLog: NEJM Catalyst URL: https://catalyst.nejm.org/lessons-leadership-texas-medical-center-hurricane-harvey/ Year: 2017 _record_number: 25306 _uuid: 352c6342-f185-4370-81b4-60ad59f1baa0 reftype: Blog child_publication: /webpage/f2588206-1c60-4586-af85-5bbaad08fc7d href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/352c6342-f185-4370-81b4-60ad59f1baa0.yaml identifier: 352c6342-f185-4370-81b4-60ad59f1baa0 uri: /reference/352c6342-f185-4370-81b4-60ad59f1baa0 - attrs: Abstract: 'Consideration of water supply in transmission expansion planning (TEP) provides a valuable means of managing impacts of thermoelectric generation on limited water resources. Toward this opportunity, thermoelectric water intensity factors and water supply availability (fresh and non-fresh sources) were incorporated into a recent TEP exercise conducted for the electric interconnection in the Western United States. The goal was to inform the placement of new thermoelectric generation so as to minimize issues related to water availability. Although freshwater availability is limited in the West, few instances across five TEP planning scenarios were encountered where water availability impacted the development of new generation. This unexpected result was related to planning decisions that favored the development of low water use generation that was geographically dispersed across the West. These planning decisions were not made because of their favorable influence on thermoelectric water demand; rather, on the basis of assumed future fuel and technology costs, policy drivers and the topology of electricity demand. Results also projected that interconnection-wide thermoelectric water consumption would increase by 31% under the business-as-usual case, while consumption would decrease by 42% under a scenario assuming a low-carbon future. Except in a few instances, new thermoelectric water consumption could be accommodated with less than 10% of the local available water supply; however, limited freshwater supplies and state-level policies could increase use of non-fresh water sources for new thermoelectric generation. Results could have been considerably different if scenarios favoring higher-intensity water use generation technology or potential impacts of climate change had been explored. Conduct of this exercise highlighted the importance of integrating water into all phases of TEP, particularly joint management of decisions that are both directly (e.g., water availability constraint) and indirectly (technology or policy constraints) related to future thermoelectric water demand, as well as, the careful selection of scenarios that adequately bound the potential dimensions of water impact.' Author: 'Tidwell, Vincent C.; Michael Bailey; Katie M. Zemlick; Barbara D. Moreland' DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/11/12/124001 ISSN: 1748-9326 Issue: 12 Journal: Environmental Research Letters Pages: 124001 Title: Water supply as a constraint on transmission expansion planning in the Western interconnection Volume: 11 Year: 2016 _record_number: 25281 _uuid: 384a5db4-d03c-496f-9de5-af594c199715 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1088/1748-9326/11/12/124001 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/384a5db4-d03c-496f-9de5-af594c199715.yaml identifier: 384a5db4-d03c-496f-9de5-af594c199715 uri: /reference/384a5db4-d03c-496f-9de5-af594c199715 - attrs: Author: 'Dawson, Richard J.' DOI: 10.3390/cli3041079 ISSN: 2225-1154 Issue: 4 Journal: Climate Pages: 1079-1096 Title: Handling interdependencies in climate change risk assessment Volume: 3 Year: 2015 _record_number: 23013 _uuid: 38a397d4-812d-4af6-98fb-8f74dd8632ac reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3390/cli3041079 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/38a397d4-812d-4af6-98fb-8f74dd8632ac.yaml identifier: 38a397d4-812d-4af6-98fb-8f74dd8632ac uri: /reference/38a397d4-812d-4af6-98fb-8f74dd8632ac - attrs: Author: 'Ouyang, Min; Wang, Zhenghua' DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2015.03.011 Date: 9// ISSN: 0951-8320 Journal: Reliability Engineering & System Safety Keywords: Infrastructure systems; Interdependencies; Resilience assessment; Cascading failures; Restoration; Genetic algorithm Pages: 74-82 Title: 'Resilience assessment of interdependent infrastructure systems: With a focus on joint restoration modeling and analysis' Volume: 141 Year: 2015 _record_number: 21415 _uuid: 3a3f902e-2ac4-4692-a799-5847739302e0 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.ress.2015.03.011 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3a3f902e-2ac4-4692-a799-5847739302e0.yaml identifier: 3a3f902e-2ac4-4692-a799-5847739302e0 uri: /reference/3a3f902e-2ac4-4692-a799-5847739302e0 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Moss, Richard H.; Karen Fisher-Vanden; Alison Delgado; Scott Backhaus; Christopher L. Barrett; Budhendra Bhaduri; Ian P. Kraucunas; Patrick M. Reed; Jennie S. Rice; Ian Sue Wing; Claudia Tebaldi' Institution: U.S. Global Change Research Program Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Title: 'Understanding Dynamics and Resilience in Complex Interdependent Systems: Prospects for a Multi-Model Framework and Community of Practice ' URL: http://www.globalchange.gov/sites/globalchange/files/Multi-Model_Framework_WorkshopReport_Dec_2016_Final.pdf Year: 2016 _record_number: 21420 _uuid: 3b60ac0e-ac78-4058-9d7b-dd70797ac334 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/understanding-dynamics-resilience-complex-interdependent-systems-prospects-multi-model-framework-community-practice href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3b60ac0e-ac78-4058-9d7b-dd70797ac334.yaml identifier: 3b60ac0e-ac78-4058-9d7b-dd70797ac334 uri: /reference/3b60ac0e-ac78-4058-9d7b-dd70797ac334 - attrs: Abstract: 'Policy directives in several nations are focusing on the development of smart cities, linking innovations in the data sciences with the goal of advancing human well-being and sustainability on a highly urbanized planet. To achieve this goal, smart initiatives must move beyond city-level data to a higher-order understanding of cities as transboundary, multisectoral, multiscalar, social-ecological-infrastructural systems with diverse actors, priorities, and solutions. We identify five key dimensions of cities and present eight principles to focus attention on the systems-level decisions that society faces to transition toward a smart, sustainable, and healthy urban future.' Author: 'Ramaswami, Anu; Russell, Armistead G.; Culligan, Patricia J.; Sharma, Karnamadakala Rahul; Kumar, Emani' DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf7160 Issue: 6288 Journal: Science Pages: 940-943 Title: 'Meta-principles for developing smart, sustainable, and healthy cities' Volume: 352 Year: 2016 _record_number: 21408 _uuid: 3e254999-7a58-44f8-9cc8-adfdf88e240f reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1126/science.aaf7160 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3e254999-7a58-44f8-9cc8-adfdf88e240f.yaml identifier: 3e254999-7a58-44f8-9cc8-adfdf88e240f uri: /reference/3e254999-7a58-44f8-9cc8-adfdf88e240f - attrs: Author: 'DeNooyer, Tyler A.; Peschel, Joshua M.; Zhang, Zhenxing; Stillwell, Ashlynn S.' DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.071 Date: 2016/01/15/ ISSN: 0306-2619 Journal: Applied Energy Keywords: Policy; Power generation; Scenario analysis; Sustainability; Water resources Pages: 363-371 Title: 'Integrating water resources and power generation: The energy–water nexus in Illinois' Volume: 162 Year: 2016 _record_number: 21449 _uuid: 3f3b736d-974d-42a5-939d-c52f515a2b35 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.071 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3f3b736d-974d-42a5-939d-c52f515a2b35.yaml identifier: 3f3b736d-974d-42a5-939d-c52f515a2b35 uri: /reference/3f3b736d-974d-42a5-939d-c52f515a2b35 - attrs: Author: 'Voisin, N.; Kintner-Meyer, M.; Skaggs, R.; Nguyen, T.; Wu, D.; Dirks, J.; Xie, Y.; Hejazi, M.' DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.08.059 Date: 2016/11/15/ ISSN: 0360-5442 Journal: Energy Keywords: Electric grid; Reliability; Water-energy nexus; Inter-annual variability; Production cost model; Hydro-climatology Pages: 1-12 Title: 'Vulnerability of the US western electric grid to hydro-climatological conditions: How bad can it get?' Volume: 115 Year: 2016 _record_number: 25276 _uuid: 3fcff817-d5a8-4aaa-8932-a433d1262798 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.energy.2016.08.059 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/3fcff817-d5a8-4aaa-8932-a433d1262798.yaml identifier: 3fcff817-d5a8-4aaa-8932-a433d1262798 uri: /reference/3fcff817-d5a8-4aaa-8932-a433d1262798 - attrs: .reference_type: 1 Author: "Lempert, R.J.\rPopper, S.W.\rBankes, S.C." ISBN: 0833032755 Number of Pages: '186 ' Place Published: 'Santa Monica, CA' Publisher: Rand Corporation Reviewer: 4067a093-f6b2-4083-a52c-9a8b30c45b66 Series Volume: 1626 Title: 'Shaping the Next One Hundred Years: New Methods for Quantitative, Long-Term Policy Analysis' URL: http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/2007/MR1626.pdf Year: 2003 _chapter: '["Ch. 26: Decision Support FINAL","RF 12"]' _record_number: 1528 _uuid: 4067a093-f6b2-4083-a52c-9a8b30c45b66 reftype: Book child_publication: /report/rand-mr1626 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/4067a093-f6b2-4083-a52c-9a8b30c45b66.yaml identifier: 4067a093-f6b2-4083-a52c-9a8b30c45b66 uri: /reference/4067a093-f6b2-4083-a52c-9a8b30c45b66 - attrs: Author: 'Korkali, Mert; Veneman, Jason G.; Tivnan, Brian F.; Bagrow, James P.; Hines, Paul D. H.' DOI: 10.1038/srep44499 Date: 03/20/online Journal: Scientific Reports Pages: 44499 Publisher: The Author(s) Title: Reducing cascading failure risk by increasing infrastructure network interdependence Type of Article: Article Volume: 7 Year: 2017 _record_number: 25289 _uuid: 42960847-fc10-4b7c-af30-5b3416b3b9cd reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/srep44499 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/42960847-fc10-4b7c-af30-5b3416b3b9cd.yaml identifier: 42960847-fc10-4b7c-af30-5b3416b3b9cd uri: /reference/42960847-fc10-4b7c-af30-5b3416b3b9cd - attrs: Abstract: 'The elicitation of scientific and technical judgments from experts, in the form of subjective probability distributions, can be a valuable addition to other forms of evidence in support of public policy decision making. This paper explores when it is sensible to perform such elicitation and how that can best be done. A number of key issues are discussed, including topics on which there are, and are not, experts who have knowledge that provides a basis for making informed predictive judgments; the inadequacy of only using qualitative uncertainty language; the role of cognitive heuristics and of overconfidence; the choice of experts; the development, refinement, and iterative testing of elicitation protocols that are designed to help experts to consider systematically all relevant knowledge when they make their judgments; the treatment of uncertainty about model functional form; diversity of expert opinion; and when it does or does not make sense to combine judgments from different experts. Although it may be tempting to view expert elicitation as a low-cost, low-effort alternative to conducting serious research and analysis, it is neither. Rather, expert elicitation should build on and use the best available research and analysis and be undertaken only when, given those, the state of knowledge will remain insufficient to support timely informed assessment and decision making.' Author: 'Morgan, M. Granger' DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1319946111 Date: 'May 20, 2014' Issue: 20 Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pages: 7176-7184 Title: Use (and abuse) of expert elicitation in support of decision making for public policy Volume: 111 Year: 2014 _record_number: 21386 _uuid: 42c619a3-768b-4a22-9dd6-73b52af9426c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.1319946111 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/42c619a3-768b-4a22-9dd6-73b52af9426c.yaml identifier: 42c619a3-768b-4a22-9dd6-73b52af9426c uri: /reference/42c619a3-768b-4a22-9dd6-73b52af9426c - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Bond, Craig A.; Aaron Strong; Nicholas Burger; Sarah Weilant; Uzaib Saya; Anita Chandra' DOI: 10.7249/RR2129 Institution: RAND Corporation Pages: 159 Place Published: 'Santa Monica, CA' Report Number: RR-2129-RF Title: 'Resilience Dividend Valuation Model: Framework Development and Initial Case Studies' URL: https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR2129.html Year: 2017 _record_number: 25307 _uuid: 4716cc4e-32cb-47cd-aa8c-4dded908b214 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/resilience-dividend-valuation-model-framework-development-initial-case-studies href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/4716cc4e-32cb-47cd-aa8c-4dded908b214.yaml identifier: 4716cc4e-32cb-47cd-aa8c-4dded908b214 uri: /reference/4716cc4e-32cb-47cd-aa8c-4dded908b214 - attrs: Abstract: 'Transformation as an adaptive response to climate change opens a range of novel policy options. Used to describe responses that produce non-linear changes in systems or their host social and ecological environments, transformation also raises distinct ethical and procedural questions for decision-makers. Expanding adaptation to include transformation foregrounds questions of power and preference that have so far been underdeveloped in adaptation theory and practice. We build on David Harvey’s notion of activity space to derive a framework and research agenda for climate change adaptation seen as a political decision-point and as an opportunity for transformation, incremental adjustment or resistance to change in development pathway. Decision-making is unpacked through the notion of the activity space into seven coevolving sites: the individual, technology, livelihoods, discourse, behaviour, the environment and institutions. The framework is tested against practitioner priorities to define an agenda that can make coherent advances in research and practice on climate change adaptation.' Author: 'Pelling, Mark; O’Brien, Karen; Matyas, David' DOI: 10.1007/s10584-014-1303-0 Date: November 01 ISSN: 1573-1480 Issue: 1 Journal: Climatic Change Pages: 113-127 Title: Adaptation and transformation Type of Article: journal article Volume: 133 Year: 2015 _record_number: 25286 _uuid: 47e41b82-b7e0-470a-a423-5d9f60aec415 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10584-014-1303-0 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/47e41b82-b7e0-470a-a423-5d9f60aec415.yaml identifier: 47e41b82-b7e0-470a-a423-5d9f60aec415 uri: /reference/47e41b82-b7e0-470a-a423-5d9f60aec415 - attrs: Author: 'Ke, Xinda; Wu, Di; Rice, Jennie; Kintner-Meyer, Michael; Lu, Ning' DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.188 Date: 2016/12/01/ ISSN: 0306-2619 Journal: Applied Energy Keywords: Climate change; Heat wave; Power grid operation; Production cost model; Unit commitment Pages: 504-512 Title: Quantifying impacts of heat waves on power grid operation Volume: 183 Year: 2016 _record_number: 25272 _uuid: 4ae24352-4325-4cec-862e-7f8064485d6d reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.188 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/4ae24352-4325-4cec-862e-7f8064485d6d.yaml identifier: 4ae24352-4325-4cec-862e-7f8064485d6d uri: /reference/4ae24352-4325-4cec-862e-7f8064485d6d - attrs: Author: 'Hwang, Cheinway; Yang, Yuande; Kao, Ricky; Han, Jiancheng; Shum, C. K.; Galloway, Devin L.; Sneed, Michelle; Hung, Wei-Chia; Cheng, Yung-Sheng; Li, Fei' DOI: 10.1038/srep28160 Date: 06/21/online Journal: Scientific Reports Pages: 28160 Publisher: The Author(s) Title: 'Time-varying land subsidence detected by radar altimetry: California, Taiwan and North China' Type of Article: Article Volume: 6 Year: 2016 _record_number: 21429 _uuid: 4e6aec90-125c-4525-b0d7-ff223b11c887 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/srep28160 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/4e6aec90-125c-4525-b0d7-ff223b11c887.yaml identifier: 4e6aec90-125c-4525-b0d7-ff223b11c887 uri: /reference/4e6aec90-125c-4525-b0d7-ff223b11c887 - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Access Date: April 5 Access Year: 2018 Author: 'NPS,' Place Published: Yellowstone National Park Publisher: National Park Service (NPS) Title: 'Wolf Restoration [web page]' URL: https://www.nps.gov/yell/learn/nature/wolf-restoration.htm Year: 2017 _record_number: 25302 _uuid: 4f71b796-1b9b-4917-b1e5-d6ff3aa51055 reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/8aa3a7db-53f3-472f-8367-cb3fef4e5a4c href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/4f71b796-1b9b-4917-b1e5-d6ff3aa51055.yaml identifier: 4f71b796-1b9b-4917-b1e5-d6ff3aa51055 uri: /reference/4f71b796-1b9b-4917-b1e5-d6ff3aa51055 - attrs: Author: 'Giordano, Thierry' DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2012.07.001 Date: 2012/12/01/ ISSN: 0957-1787 Journal: Utilities Policy Keywords: Infrastructure; Climate change; Planning; Uncertainties Pages: 80-89 Title: Adaptive planning for climate resilient long-lived infrastructures Volume: 23 Year: 2012 _record_number: 21438 _uuid: 51081935-d488-42bd-896f-f188b30e951e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.jup.2012.07.001 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/51081935-d488-42bd-896f-f188b30e951e.yaml identifier: 51081935-d488-42bd-896f-f188b30e951e uri: /reference/51081935-d488-42bd-896f-f188b30e951e - attrs: Abstract: 'The interactions between natural water availability and societal water demand and management are complex. In response to gaps in empirical research of the adaptive capacity of social and environmental systems to climate stresses, we provide an assessment of responses to water scarcity during a multi-year drought in California. In particular, we use Barnett and O’Neill’s (Global Environ Change 20:211–213, 2010) criteria for maladaptation to examine responses in the agricultural and energy sectors to a multi-year (2007–2009) California drought. We conclude that despite evidence in both sectors of resiliency to the impacts of the drought, some of the coping strategies adopted increased the vulnerability of other systems. These other systems include California’s aquatic ecosystems and social groups that rely on those ecosystems for their health or employment; future generations whose resources were drawn down in the near-term, where otherwise those resources would have been available at a later time; and current and future generations who were, or will be, exposed to the effects of increased greenhouse gas emissions. This case study demonstrates that California’s current strategies for dealing with long or severe droughts are less successful than previously thought when short- and long-term impacts are evaluated together. This finding is particularly relevant given projections of more frequent and severe water shortages in the future due to climate change. This study recommends a shift from crisis-driven responses to the development and enactment of long-term mitigation measures that are anticipatory and focus on comprehensive risk reduction.' Author: 'Christian-Smith, Juliet; Levy, Morgan C.; Gleick, Peter H.' DOI: 10.1007/s11625-014-0269-1 Date: July 01 ISSN: 1862-4057 Issue: 3 Journal: Sustainability Science Pages: 491-501 Title: 'Maladaptation to drought: A case report from California, USA' Type of Article: journal article Volume: 10 Year: 2015 _record_number: 21457 _uuid: 53f0bf93-d4cf-4656-ba6e-2aaf70bd6a0a reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s11625-014-0269-1 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/53f0bf93-d4cf-4656-ba6e-2aaf70bd6a0a.yaml identifier: 53f0bf93-d4cf-4656-ba6e-2aaf70bd6a0a uri: /reference/53f0bf93-d4cf-4656-ba6e-2aaf70bd6a0a - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: "Skaggs, R.\rHibbard, K.\rFrumhoff, Peter\rLowry, Thomas\rMiddleton, Richard\rPate, Ron\rTidwell, Vince\rArnold, Jeffrey\rAvert, Kristen\rJanetos, Anthony\rIzaurralde, Cesar\rRice, Jennie\rRose, Steve" Institution: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Pages: 152 Place Published: 'Richland, Washington' Title: Climate and Energy-Water-Land System Interactions. Technical Report to the U.S. Department of Energy in Support of the National Climate Assessment. PNNL-21185 URL: http://www.pnnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-21185.pdf Year: 2012 _chapter: '["RF 7","Ch. 4: Energy Supply and Use FINAL","Ch. 28: Adaptation FINAL","RF 12","Ch. 10: Energy Water Land FINAL"]' _record_number: 2862 _uuid: 552cc5f5-a7b3-4a64-8bee-98ae0cced150 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/pnnl-21185 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/552cc5f5-a7b3-4a64-8bee-98ae0cced150.yaml identifier: 552cc5f5-a7b3-4a64-8bee-98ae0cced150 uri: /reference/552cc5f5-a7b3-4a64-8bee-98ae0cced150 - attrs: Author: 'Dunn-Cavelty, Myriam; Suter, Manuel' DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcip.2009.08.006 Date: 2009/12/01/ ISSN: 1874-5482 Issue: 4 Journal: International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection Keywords: Critical infrastructure protection; Public–Private Partnerships; Governance theory; Meta-governance Pages: 179-187 Title: 'Public–Private Partnerships are no silver bullet: An expanded governance model for Critical Infrastructure Protection' Volume: 2 Year: 2009 _record_number: 21446 _uuid: 57da6191-41b4-48a5-8fe6-0d55fd26a01b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.ijcip.2009.08.006 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/57da6191-41b4-48a5-8fe6-0d55fd26a01b.yaml identifier: 57da6191-41b4-48a5-8fe6-0d55fd26a01b uri: /reference/57da6191-41b4-48a5-8fe6-0d55fd26a01b - attrs: Abstract: 'The global demand for water and energy is projected to grow, but there likely will be significant constraints in our ability to keep meeting it. These constraints will be imposed partly by the interdependence between water, energy, and climate change. If left unchecked, these connections can exacerbate water and energy shortages and aggravate climate change impacts: Energy is used to supply and treat water; moreover, emissions from energy generation contribute to climate change, which affects water supplies and increases the demand for energy to sustain Earth’s growing population and economy. The linkage between water and energy can offer opportunities for better meeting expected demand while minimizing damage from shortages of either. This article focuses on the technological and engineering aspects of various connections in the water-energy nexus where advancements can enable greater supply of one or both. It also outlines the benefits and challenges associated with each connection. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Environment and Resources Volume 42 is October 17, 2017. Please see ; http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates; for revised estimates.' Author: 'Rao, Prakash; Robert Kostecki; Larry Dale; Ashok Gadgil' DOI: 10.1146/annurev-environ-102016-060959 Issue: 1 Journal: Annual Review of Environment and Resources Pages: 407-437 Title: Technology and engineering of the water-energy nexus Volume: 42 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21407 _uuid: 5c8bfa52-fbc1-46bd-859d-d335cd10da1c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1146/annurev-environ-102016-060959 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/5c8bfa52-fbc1-46bd-859d-d335cd10da1c.yaml identifier: 5c8bfa52-fbc1-46bd-859d-d335cd10da1c uri: /reference/5c8bfa52-fbc1-46bd-859d-d335cd10da1c - attrs: Author: 'Heeres, Niels; Tillema, Taede; Arts, Jos' DOI: 10.1080/14649357.2016.1193888 Date: 2016/07/02 ISSN: 1464-9357 Issue: 3 Journal: Planning Theory & Practice Pages: 421-443 Publisher: Routledge Title: 'Dealing with interrelatedness and fragmentation in road infrastructure planning: An analysis of integrated approaches throughout the planning process in the Netherlands' Volume: 17 Year: 2016 _record_number: 21433 _uuid: 5e9e38bc-040a-4201-a2c0-62d9916f7089 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1080/14649357.2016.1193888 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/5e9e38bc-040a-4201-a2c0-62d9916f7089.yaml identifier: 5e9e38bc-040a-4201-a2c0-62d9916f7089 uri: /reference/5e9e38bc-040a-4201-a2c0-62d9916f7089 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Fann, Neal; Brennan, Terry; Dolwick, Patrick; Gamble, Janet L.; Ilacqua, Vito; Kolb, Laura; Nolte, Christopher G.; Spero, Tanya L.; Ziska, Lewis' Book Title: 'The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment' DOI: 10.7930/J0GQ6VP6 Pages: 69–98 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: 'Ch. 3: Air quality impacts' Year: 2016 _record_number: 19375 _uuid: 5ec155e5-8b77-438f-afa9-fbcac4d27690 reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016/chapter/air-quality-impacts href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/5ec155e5-8b77-438f-afa9-fbcac4d27690.yaml identifier: 5ec155e5-8b77-438f-afa9-fbcac4d27690 uri: /reference/5ec155e5-8b77-438f-afa9-fbcac4d27690 - attrs: Author: 'Crichton, Margaret T.; Ramsay, Cameron G.; Kelly, Terence' DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-5973.2009.00556.x ISSN: 1468-5973 Issue: 1 Journal: Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management Pages: 24-37 Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd Title: 'Enhancing organizational resilience through emergency planning: Learnings from cross-sectoral lessons' Volume: 17 Year: 2009 _record_number: 21454 _uuid: 63b68419-6ab4-4917-93dd-d9ac9a3572c2 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/j.1468-5973.2009.00556.x href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/63b68419-6ab4-4917-93dd-d9ac9a3572c2.yaml identifier: 63b68419-6ab4-4917-93dd-d9ac9a3572c2 uri: /reference/63b68419-6ab4-4917-93dd-d9ac9a3572c2 - attrs: Abstract: 'The Central Valley in California (USA) covers about 52,000 km2 and is one of the most productive agricultural regions in the world. This agriculture relies heavily on surface-water diversions and groundwater pumpage to meet irrigation water demand. Because the valley is semi-arid and surface-water availability varies substantially, agriculture relies heavily on local groundwater. In the southern two thirds of the valley, the San Joaquin Valley, historic and recent groundwater pumpage has caused significant and extensive drawdowns, aquifer-system compaction and subsidence. During recent drought periods (2007–2009 and 2012-present), groundwater pumping has increased owing to a combination of decreased surface-water availability and land-use changes. Declining groundwater levels, approaching or surpassing historical low levels, have caused accelerated and renewed compaction and subsidence that likely is mostly permanent. The subsidence has caused operational, maintenance, and construction-design problems for water-delivery and flood-control canals in the San Joaquin Valley. Planning for the effects of continued subsidence in the area is important for water agencies. As land use, managed aquifer recharge, and surface-water availability continue to vary, long-term groundwater-level and subsidence monitoring and modelling are critical to understanding the dynamics of historical and continued groundwater use resulting in additional water-level and groundwater storage declines, and associated subsidence. Modeling tools such as the Central Valley Hydrologic Model, can be used in the evaluation of management strategies to mitigate adverse impacts due to subsidence while also optimizing water availability. This knowledge will be critical for successful implementation of recent legislation aimed toward sustainable groundwater use.' Author: 'Faunt, Claudia C.; Sneed, Michelle; Traum, Jon; Brandt, Justin T.' DOI: 10.1007/s10040-015-1339-x Date: May 01 ISSN: 1435-0157 Issue: 3 Journal: Hydrogeology Journal Pages: 675-684 Title: 'Water availability and land subsidence in the Central Valley, California, USA' Type of Article: journal article Volume: 24 Year: 2016 _record_number: 25269 _uuid: 6677226e-8dbf-4f43-a070-5950fd020a04 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10040-015-1339-x href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/6677226e-8dbf-4f43-a070-5950fd020a04.yaml identifier: 6677226e-8dbf-4f43-a070-5950fd020a04 uri: /reference/6677226e-8dbf-4f43-a070-5950fd020a04 - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Author: 'Wilbanks, Thomas J.; Bilello, D.; Schmalzer, D.; Scott, M.' ISBN: 9781610915526 Publisher: Island Press Series Editor: 'Wilbanks, Thomas J.' Title: Climate Change and Energy Supply and Use. Technical Report to the U.S. Department of Energy in Support of the National Climate Assessment URL: https://islandpress.org/book/climate-change-and-energy-supply-and-use Year: 2014 _record_number: 21391 _uuid: 66fa5de6-5f51-4d35-a6dc-ecc243575ac6 reftype: Book child_publication: /report/ornl-climchenergy-2012 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/66fa5de6-5f51-4d35-a6dc-ecc243575ac6.yaml identifier: 66fa5de6-5f51-4d35-a6dc-ecc243575ac6 uri: /reference/66fa5de6-5f51-4d35-a6dc-ecc243575ac6 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: "McKenzie, D.\rPeterson, D.L.\rLittell, J.J." Book Title: Developments in Environmental Sciences DOI: 10.1016/S1474-8177(08)00015-6 Editor: "Bytnerowicz, Andrzej\rArbaugh, Michael J.\rRiebau, Allen R.\rAndersen, Christian" ISBN: 978-0-08-055609-3 Pages: 319-337 Publisher: 'Elsevier, Ltd.' Reviewer: 6a236496-3436-481f-a3a4-ce35b52c0f0b Title: 'Ch. 15: Global warming and stress complexes in forests of western North America' URL: http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/4451/psw_2009_4451-001_319-338.pdf Volume: 8 Year: 2008 _chapter: '["Ch. 21: Northwest FINAL"]' _record_number: 1953 _uuid: 6a236496-3436-481f-a3a4-ce35b52c0f0b reftype: Book Section child_publication: /book/90797532-c388-4ee0-8635-ea25b3261754 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/6a236496-3436-481f-a3a4-ce35b52c0f0b.yaml identifier: 6a236496-3436-481f-a3a4-ce35b52c0f0b uri: /reference/6a236496-3436-481f-a3a4-ce35b52c0f0b - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Kopp, R.E.; D.R. Easterling; T. Hall; K. Hayhoe; R. Horton; K.E. Kunkel; A.N. LeGrande' Book Title: 'Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I' Chapter: Ch. 15 DOI: 10.7930/J0GB227J Editor: 'Wuebbles, D.J.; D.W. Fahey; K.A. Hibbard; D.J. Dokken; B.C. Stewart; T.K. Maycock' Pages: 411-429 Place Published: 'Washington, DC, USA' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: 'Potential Surprises: Compound Extremes and Tipping Elements' Year: 2017 _record_number: 21573 _uuid: 6b87bc9c-d8f5-438a-9693-7b33324f4c22 reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/potential-surprises href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/6b87bc9c-d8f5-438a-9693-7b33324f4c22.yaml identifier: 6b87bc9c-d8f5-438a-9693-7b33324f4c22 uri: /reference/6b87bc9c-d8f5-438a-9693-7b33324f4c22 - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Author: 'Perrow, Charles' Edition: Updated ISBN: '140082849X, 9781400828494' Number of Pages: 464 Place Published: 'Princeton, NJ' Publisher: Princeton University Press Title: 'Normal Accidents: Living with High Risk Technologies' URL: http://press.princeton.edu/titles/6596.html Year: 2011 _record_number: 21412 _uuid: 6e8c3e16-343a-43bb-8476-6a4304a3464a reftype: Book child_publication: /book/normal-accidents-living-high-risk-technologies href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/6e8c3e16-343a-43bb-8476-6a4304a3464a.yaml identifier: 6e8c3e16-343a-43bb-8476-6a4304a3464a uri: /reference/6e8c3e16-343a-43bb-8476-6a4304a3464a - attrs: Author: 'Shapiro, Shari' DOI: 10.1080/09613218.2016.1156957 Date: 2016/08/17 ISSN: 0961-3218 Issue: 5-6 Journal: Building Research & Information Pages: 490-506 Publisher: Routledge Title: 'The realpolitik of building codes: Overcoming practical limitations to climate resilience' Volume: 44 Year: 2016 _record_number: 25284 _uuid: 6ea115a7-00dc-4ac4-816d-270841586bba reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1080/09613218.2016.1156957 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/6ea115a7-00dc-4ac4-816d-270841586bba.yaml identifier: 6ea115a7-00dc-4ac4-816d-270841586bba uri: /reference/6ea115a7-00dc-4ac4-816d-270841586bba - attrs: Author: 'Zanella, A.; N. Bui; A. Castellani; L. Vangelista; M. Zorzi' DOI: 10.1109/JIOT.2014.2306328 ISSN: 2327-4662 Issue: 1 Journal: IEEE Internet of Things Journal Keywords: Internet; Internet of Things; protocols; Padova smart city project; Smart City vision; advanced communication technology; digital services; heterogeneous end systems; link layer technology; urban IoT system; value-addedservices; Business; IEEE 802.15 Standards; Monitoring; Smart buildings; Smart homes; Urban areas; 6lowPAN; Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP); Efficient XML Interchange (EXI); Smart Cities; network architecture; sensor system integration; service functions and management; testbed and trials Pages: 22-32 Title: Internet of things for smart cities Volume: 1 Year: 2014 _record_number: 21389 _uuid: 6f4b0d29-f2b3-4bef-9c25-8b3bbf1fea9b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1109/JIOT.2014.2306328 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/6f4b0d29-f2b3-4bef-9c25-8b3bbf1fea9b.yaml identifier: 6f4b0d29-f2b3-4bef-9c25-8b3bbf1fea9b uri: /reference/6f4b0d29-f2b3-4bef-9c25-8b3bbf1fea9b - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Klein, R. J. T.; Midgley, G. F.; Preston, B. L.; Alam, M.; Berkhout, F. G. H.; Dow, K.; Shaw, M. R.' Book Title: 'Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change' Editor: 'Field, C. B.; Barros, V. R.; Dokken, D. J.; Mach, K. J.; Mastrandrea, M. D.; Bilir, T. E.; Chatterjee, M.; Ebi, K. L.; Estrada, Y. O.; Genova, R. C.; Girma, B.; Kissel, E. S.; Levy, A. N.; MacCracken, S.; Mastrandrea, P. R.; White, L. L.' Pages: 899-943 Place Published: 'Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA' Publisher: Cambridge University Press Short Title: 'Adaptation opportunities, constraints, and limits' Title: 'Adaptation opportunities, constraints, and limits' Year: 2014 _record_number: 17687 _uuid: 6f504af2-a3a0-46c3-a8bd-9f5f266bd5bf reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/ipcc-ar5-wg2-parta/chapter/wg2-ar5-chap16-final href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/6f504af2-a3a0-46c3-a8bd-9f5f266bd5bf.yaml identifier: 6f504af2-a3a0-46c3-a8bd-9f5f266bd5bf uri: /reference/6f504af2-a3a0-46c3-a8bd-9f5f266bd5bf - attrs: Abstract: 'Complexities and uncertainties surrounding urbanization and climate change complicate water resource sustainability. Although research has examined various aspects of complex water systems, including uncertainties, relatively few attempts have been made to synthesize research findings in particular contexts. We fill this gap by examining the complexities, uncertainties, and decision processes for water sustainability and urban adaptation to climate change in the case study region of Phoenix, Arizona. In doing so, we integrate over a decade of research conducted by Arizona State University’s Decision Center for a Desert City (DCDC). DCDC is a boundary organization that conducts research in collaboration with policy makers, with the goal of informing decision-making under uncertainty. Our results highlight: the counterintuitive, non-linear, and competing relationships in human–environment dynamics; the myriad uncertainties in climatic, scientific, political, and other domains of knowledge and practice; and, the social learning that has occurred across science and policy spheres. Finally, we reflect on how our interdisciplinary research and boundary organization has evolved over time to enhance adaptive and sustainable governance in the face of complex system dynamics.' Accession Number: 10.3390/su71114761 Author: 'Larson, Kelli; White, Dave; Gober, Patricia; Wutich, Amber' ISSN: 2071-1050 Issue: 11 Journal: Sustainability Keywords: urban; water; SW; climate change; Adaptation Pages: 14761-14784 Title: Decision-making under uncertainty for water sustainability and urban climate change adaptation URL: http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/7/11/14761 Volume: 7 Year: 2015 _record_number: 22773 _uuid: 6fe6f42c-4d13-4d5c-9359-e76e276e90a3 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/decision-making-under-uncertainty-water-sustainability-urban-climate-change-adaptation href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/6fe6f42c-4d13-4d5c-9359-e76e276e90a3.yaml identifier: 6fe6f42c-4d13-4d5c-9359-e76e276e90a3 uri: /reference/6fe6f42c-4d13-4d5c-9359-e76e276e90a3 - attrs: Author: 'Ernst, Kathleen M.; Preston, Benjamin L.' DOI: 10.1016/j.envsci.2017.01.001 Date: 4// ISSN: 1462-9011 Journal: Environmental Science & Policy Keywords: Climate change; Energy; Water; Adaptation; Decision-making; Scale Pages: 38-45 Title: 'Adaptation opportunities and constraints in coupled systems: Evidence from the U.S. energy-water nexus' Volume: 70 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21444 _uuid: 747e6b30-6afc-4520-af4b-660389e167ba reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.envsci.2017.01.001 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/747e6b30-6afc-4520-af4b-660389e167ba.yaml identifier: 747e6b30-6afc-4520-af4b-660389e167ba uri: /reference/747e6b30-6afc-4520-af4b-660389e167ba - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Kenward, Alyson; Raja, Urooj' Institution: Climate Central Pages: 23 Place Published: 'Princeton, NJ' Title: 'Blackout: Extreme Weather, Climate Change and Power Outages' URL: http://assets.climatecentral.org/pdfs/PowerOutages.pdf Year: 2014 _record_number: 25300 _uuid: 75dd41da-a739-4ec3-a365-d72465c80b70 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/blackout-extreme-weather-climate-change-power-outages href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/75dd41da-a739-4ec3-a365-d72465c80b70.yaml identifier: 75dd41da-a739-4ec3-a365-d72465c80b70 uri: /reference/75dd41da-a739-4ec3-a365-d72465c80b70 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'U.S.-Canada Power System Outage Task Force,' Institution: U.S.-Canada Power System Outage Task Force Pages: 228 Place Published: 'Washington, DC and Ottawa, Canada' Title: 'August 14, 2003 Blackout in the United States and Canada: Causes and Recommendations. Final Report' URL: https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/oeprod/DocumentsandMedia/BlackoutFinal-Web.pdf Year: 2004 _record_number: 25309 _uuid: 78342524-50c8-4468-8127-49c52ac213c5 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/august-14-2003-blackout-united-states-canada-causes-recommendations-final-report href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/78342524-50c8-4468-8127-49c52ac213c5.yaml identifier: 78342524-50c8-4468-8127-49c52ac213c5 uri: /reference/78342524-50c8-4468-8127-49c52ac213c5 - attrs: Author: 'Bramer, L. M.; Rounds, J.; Burleyson, C. D.; Fortin, D.; Hathaway, J.; Rice, J.; Kraucunas, I.' DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.09.087 ISSN: 0306-2619 Journal: Applied Energy Keywords: Electrical grid; Grid stress; Heatwave; Statistical modeling Title: Evaluating penalized logistic regression models to predict heat-related electric grid stress days Year: 2017 _record_number: 21385 _uuid: 7888f243-1665-47b2-8c11-015c30dce492 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.09.087 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7888f243-1665-47b2-8c11-015c30dce492.yaml identifier: 7888f243-1665-47b2-8c11-015c30dce492 uri: /reference/7888f243-1665-47b2-8c11-015c30dce492 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Blomdahl, Karl Sundequist; Pierre Flener; Justin Pearson' Book Title: 'Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming—CP 2010 (16th International Conference, St. Andrews, Scotland, 6-10 Sep 2010)' Editor: 'Cohen, D.' ISBN: 978-3-642-15396-9 Pages: 643-657 Place Published: Berlin Publisher: Springer Title: Contingency plans for air traffic management Year: 2010 _record_number: 21462 _uuid: 789d82f1-e7af-441d-b991-127e2cb90926 reftype: Book Section child_publication: /book/bcba8a25-d65b-412d-a3e3-93fb89014b34 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/789d82f1-e7af-441d-b991-127e2cb90926.yaml identifier: 789d82f1-e7af-441d-b991-127e2cb90926 uri: /reference/789d82f1-e7af-441d-b991-127e2cb90926 - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Date: December 2012 Editor: "Vose, J. M.\rPeterson, D.L.\rPatel-Weynand, T." Number of Pages: 265 Place Published: 'Portland, OR' Publisher: 'U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station' Title: 'Effects of Climatic Variability and Change on Forest Ecosystems: A Comprehensive Science Synthesis for the U.S. Forest Sector. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-870' URL: http://www.usda.gov/oce/climate_change/effects_2012/FS_Climate1114%20opt.pdf Year: 2012 _chapter: '["RF 10","Ch. 28: Adaptation FINAL","Ch. 17: Southeast and Caribbean FINAL","Ch. 7: Forests FINAL"]' _record_number: 3307 _uuid: 78f2cbd8-d8f2-4d99-abbd-017bad4d52f1 reftype: Edited Book child_publication: /report/usfs-pnw-gtr-870 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/78f2cbd8-d8f2-4d99-abbd-017bad4d52f1.yaml identifier: 78f2cbd8-d8f2-4d99-abbd-017bad4d52f1 uri: /reference/78f2cbd8-d8f2-4d99-abbd-017bad4d52f1 - attrs: .reference_type: 1 Access Date: 'February 24, 2012' Author: 'NRC,' Number of Pages: 200 Place Published: 'Washington, D.C.' Publisher: 'National Research Council, Panel on Strategies and Methods for Climate-Related Decision Support, Committee on the Human Dimensions of Global Change, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. National Academies Press' Reviewer: 7ab8b14a-38c7-4128-b0e3-fe1ab65edac0 Title: Informing Decisions in a Changing Climate URL: http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12626 Year: 2009 _chapter: '["Ch. 26: Decision Support FINAL","RF 12","Ch. 30: NCA Long-Term Process FINAL"]' _record_number: 2294 _uuid: 7ab8b14a-38c7-4128-b0e3-fe1ab65edac0 reftype: Book child_publication: /report/nrc-inform-decisions-2009 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7ab8b14a-38c7-4128-b0e3-fe1ab65edac0.yaml identifier: 7ab8b14a-38c7-4128-b0e3-fe1ab65edac0 uri: /reference/7ab8b14a-38c7-4128-b0e3-fe1ab65edac0 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: "Janetos, A.C.\rClarke, L.\rCollins, B.\rEbi, K.\rEdmonds, J.\rFoster, I.\rJacoby, J.\rJudd, K.\rLeung, R.\rNewell, R." Institution: 'U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science' Pages: 80 Title: 'Science Challenges and Future Directions: Climate Change Integrated Assessment Research. Report PNNL-18417' URL: http://science.energy.gov/~/media/ber/pdf/ia_workshop_low_res_06_25_09.pdf Year: 2009 _chapter: '["Ch. 27: Mitigation FINAL"]' _record_number: 1498 _uuid: 7ba2752c-4235-47bd-b854-40cde9dc2649 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/pnnl-18417 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7ba2752c-4235-47bd-b854-40cde9dc2649.yaml identifier: 7ba2752c-4235-47bd-b854-40cde9dc2649 uri: /reference/7ba2752c-4235-47bd-b854-40cde9dc2649 - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: 'EPA,' Place Published: 'Dallas, TX' Publisher: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Title: 'Hurricane Harvey 2017 [web site]' URL: https://response.epa.gov/site/site_profile.aspx?site_id=12353 Year: 2017 _record_number: 25929 _uuid: 7d520322-84aa-4830-88c3-ead7d36b593c reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/ad9e30bd-1fe6-4395-8db8-9a849e8ed04b href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7d520322-84aa-4830-88c3-ead7d36b593c.yaml identifier: 7d520322-84aa-4830-88c3-ead7d36b593c uri: /reference/7d520322-84aa-4830-88c3-ead7d36b593c - attrs: Abstract: 'A decline in the stature and abundance of willows during the 20th century occurred throughout the northern range of Yellowstone National Park, where riparian woody‐plant communities are key components in multiple‐trophic‐level interactions. The potential causes of willow decline include climate change, increased elk browsing coincident with the loss of an apex predator, the gray wolf, and an absence of habitat engineering by beavers. The goal of this study was to determine the spatial and temporal patterns of willow establishment through the 20th century and to identify causal processes. Sampled willows established from 1917 to 1999 and contained far fewer young individuals than was predicted from a modeled stable willow population, indicating reduced establishment during recent decades. Two hydrologically distinct willow establishment environments were identified: fine‐grained beaver pond sediments and coarse‐grained alluvium. Willows established on beaver pond sediment earlier in time, higher on floodplain surfaces, and farther from the current stream channel than did willows on alluvial sediment. Significant linear declines from the 1940s to the 1990s in alluvial willow establishment elevation and lateral distance from the stream channel resulted in a much reduced area of alluvial willow establishment. Willow establishment was not well correlated with climate‐driven hydrologic variables, but the trends were consistent with the effects of stream channel incision initiated in ca. 1950, 20–30 years after beaver dam abandonment. Radiocarbon dates and floodplain stratigraphy indicate that stream incision of the present magnitude may be unprecedented in the past two millennia. We propose that hydrologic changes, stemming from competitive exclusion of beaver by elk overbrowsing, caused the landscape to transition from a historical beaver‐pond and willow‐mosaic state to its current alternative stable state where active beaver dams and many willow stands are absent. Because of hydrologic changes in streams, a rapid return to the historical state may not occur by reduction of elk browsing alone. Management intervention to restore the historical hydrologic regime may be necessary to recover willows and beavers across the landscape.' Author: 'Wolf, Evan C.; David J. Cooper; N. Thompson Hobbs' DOI: 10.1890/06-2042.1 Issue: 6 Journal: Ecological Applications Pages: 1572-1587 Title: Hydrologic regime and herbivory stabilize an alternative state in Yellowstone National Park Volume: 17 Year: 2007 _record_number: 25279 _uuid: 7edc5360-aa30-4fb3-a339-d7fe0fc6b6be reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1890/06-2042.1 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7edc5360-aa30-4fb3-a339-d7fe0fc6b6be.yaml identifier: 7edc5360-aa30-4fb3-a339-d7fe0fc6b6be uri: /reference/7edc5360-aa30-4fb3-a339-d7fe0fc6b6be - attrs: Issue Date: August 27 Newspaper: Reuters Reporter: 'Scheyder, Ernest; Seba, Erwin' Title: Harvey throws a wrench into US energy engine URL: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-storm-harvey-energy-idUSKCN1B70YQ Year: 2017 _record_number: 25303 _uuid: 7ee8e741-d369-48d9-84c9-4a660e1d2b26 reftype: Newspaper Article child_publication: /generic/c9323502-a934-4234-8b14-29456b9f1796 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/7ee8e741-d369-48d9-84c9-4a660e1d2b26.yaml identifier: 7ee8e741-d369-48d9-84c9-4a660e1d2b26 uri: /reference/7ee8e741-d369-48d9-84c9-4a660e1d2b26 - attrs: Author: 'Maloney, Megan C.; Preston, Benjamin L.' DOI: 10.1016/j.crm.2014.02.004 Date: 2014/01/01/ ISSN: 2212-0963 Journal: Climate Risk Management Keywords: Climate change; Storm surge; Hurricane; Sea-level rise; Coastal vulnerability; Exposure Pages: 26-41 Title: 'A geospatial dataset for U.S. hurricane storm surge and sea-level rise vulnerability: Development and case study applications' Volume: 2 Year: 2014 _record_number: 21331 _uuid: 828795a3-29d2-4d70-90c7-33a75ba99575 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.crm.2014.02.004 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/828795a3-29d2-4d70-90c7-33a75ba99575.yaml identifier: 828795a3-29d2-4d70-90c7-33a75ba99575 uri: /reference/828795a3-29d2-4d70-90c7-33a75ba99575 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Eldredge, Niles, and Stephen Jay Gould' Book Title: Models in Paleobiology Editor: 'Schopf, Thomas J. M.' ISBN: 978-0877353256 Pages: 82-115 Place Published: 'San Francisco, CA' Publisher: Freeman & Cooper Title: 'Punctuated equilibria: An alternative to phyletic gradualism' Year: 1972 _record_number: 21445 _uuid: 82abbb5d-1c8e-4178-82c3-249fb0fdf168 reftype: Book Section child_publication: /book/d1870c8d-bea7-4eac-bf18-45badcbf0555 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/82abbb5d-1c8e-4178-82c3-249fb0fdf168.yaml identifier: 82abbb5d-1c8e-4178-82c3-249fb0fdf168 uri: /reference/82abbb5d-1c8e-4178-82c3-249fb0fdf168 - attrs: Author: 'Oppenheimer, Michael; Little, Christopher M.; Cooke, Roger M.' DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2959 Date: 04/27/online Journal: Nature Climate Change Pages: 445-451 Publisher: 'Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.' Title: Expert judgement and uncertainty quantification for climate change Type of Article: Perspective Volume: 6 Year: 2016 _record_number: 25287 _uuid: 843b8feb-de6f-42be-88f9-657915e75601 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nclimate2959 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/843b8feb-de6f-42be-88f9-657915e75601.yaml identifier: 843b8feb-de6f-42be-88f9-657915e75601 uri: /reference/843b8feb-de6f-42be-88f9-657915e75601 - attrs: .reference_type: 47 Author: 'Simon, Herbert A.' Conference Location: 'Nashua, New Hampshire, USA' Conference Name: Proceedings from the International Conference on Complex Systems on Unifying Themes in Complex Systems Pages: 3-14 Place Published: 331794 Publisher: Perseus Books Title: Can there be a science of complex systems? Year: 2000 _record_number: 21403 _uuid: 87e9e534-034f-450c-b205-f268be5c2152 reftype: Conference Paper child_publication: /generic/353cabe8-5993-46f4-9c7a-b086f9d098e3 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/87e9e534-034f-450c-b205-f268be5c2152.yaml identifier: 87e9e534-034f-450c-b205-f268be5c2152 uri: /reference/87e9e534-034f-450c-b205-f268be5c2152 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'California is currently in the midst of a record-setting drought. The drought began in 2012 and now includes the lowest calendar-year and 12-mo precipitation, the highest annual temperature, and the most extreme drought indicators on record. The extremely warm and dry conditions have led to acute water shortages, groundwater overdraft, critically low streamflow, and enhanced wildfire risk. Analyzing historical climate observations from California, we find that precipitation deficits in California were more than twice as likely to yield drought years if they occurred when conditions were warm. We find that although there has not been a substantial change in the probability of either negative or moderately negative precipitation anomalies in recent decades, the occurrence of drought years has been greater in the past two decades than in the preceding century. In addition, the probability that precipitation deficits co-occur with warm conditions and the probability that precipitation deficits produce drought have both increased. Climate model experiments with and without anthropogenic forcings reveal that human activities have increased the probability that dry precipitation years are also warm. Further, a large ensemble of climate model realizations reveals that additional global warming over the next few decades is very likely to create ∼100% probability that any annual-scale dry period is also extremely warm. We therefore conclude that anthropogenic warming is increasing the probability of co-occurring warm–dry conditions like those that have created the acute human and ecosystem impacts associated with the “exceptional” 2012–2014 drought in California.' Author: 'Diffenbaugh, Noah S.; Swain, Daniel L.; Touma, Danielle' DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1422385112 Date: 'March 31, 2015' Issue: 13 Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pages: 3931-3936 Title: Anthropogenic warming has increased drought risk in California Volume: 112 Year: 2015 _record_number: 19545 _uuid: 89e08a41-6091-45fa-a92e-6168a90a8151 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.1422385112 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/89e08a41-6091-45fa-a92e-6168a90a8151.yaml identifier: 89e08a41-6091-45fa-a92e-6168a90a8151 uri: /reference/89e08a41-6091-45fa-a92e-6168a90a8151 - attrs: Author: 'van Vliet, Michelle T. H.; Wiberg, David; Leduc, Sylvain; Riahi, Keywan' DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2903 Date: 04//print ISSN: 1758-678X Issue: 4 Journal: Nature Climate Change Pages: 375-380 Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Title: Power-generation system vulnerability and adaptation to changes in climate and water resources Type of Article: Letter Volume: 6 Year: 2016 _record_number: 21334 _uuid: 8c12cc4c-3448-4055-b7a2-e03ead1c2572 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nclimate2903 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8c12cc4c-3448-4055-b7a2-e03ead1c2572.yaml identifier: 8c12cc4c-3448-4055-b7a2-e03ead1c2572 uri: /reference/8c12cc4c-3448-4055-b7a2-e03ead1c2572 - attrs: Author: 'Xiao, Mu; Koppa, Akash; Mekonnen, Zelalem; Pagán, Brianna R.; Zhan, Shengan; Cao, Qian; Aierken, Abureli; Lee, Hyongki; Lettenmaier, Dennis P.' DOI: 10.1002/2017GL073333 ISSN: 1944-8007 Issue: 10 Journal: Geophysical Research Letters Keywords: groundwater loss; Central Valley; water balance; 1829 Groundwater hydrology; 1876 Water budgets Pages: 4872-4879 Title: How much groundwater did California's Central Valley lose during the 2012–2016 drought? Volume: 44 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21388 _uuid: 8ca4a4ae-9b6c-478f-bfc9-16762726dfff reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1002/2017GL073333 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8ca4a4ae-9b6c-478f-bfc9-16762726dfff.yaml identifier: 8ca4a4ae-9b6c-478f-bfc9-16762726dfff uri: /reference/8ca4a4ae-9b6c-478f-bfc9-16762726dfff - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Abstract: "California's Central Valley produces one quarter of the nation's food, much of it irrigated with groundwater. This chapter presents results of a continuing study of the application of Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) to monitoring of land subsidence as a function of groundwater dynamics. It defines the full extent as well as the evolution from 2007 to 2011 of a large subsidence bowl in the southern San Joaquin Valley and presents the results in several different formats geared to different audiences. Further development, including subsurface geologic information, may allow more quantitative estimates of groundwater change based on InSAR subsidence histories. The aquifer system of the southern Central Valley has both unconfined and confined parts caused by alternating layers of coarse and fine‐grained sediments. Snow and surface water are of primary importance in the hydrologic cycle of California, and new techniques are today being applied to their mapping and monitoring." Author: 'Farr, Tom G.; Zhen Liu ' Book Title: Remote Sensing of the Terrestrial Water Cycle DOI: 10.1002/9781118872086.ch24 Editor: 'Venkat Lakshmi; Douglas Alsdorf; Martha Anderson; Sylvain Biancamaria; Michael Cosh; Jared Entin; George Huffman; William Kustas; van Oevelen, Peter; Thomas Painter; Juraj Parajka; Matthew Rodell; Christoph Rüdiger' Pages: 397-406 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: American Geophysical Union Series Volume: Geophysical Monograph Series 206 Title: Monitoring subsidence associated with groundwater dynamics in the Central Valley of California using interferometric radar Year: 2014 _record_number: 25295 _uuid: 8d05f053-d182-4a7d-b3d9-82d3ff77d03a reftype: Book Section child_publication: /book/7fe5537e-ce34-4108-a9f0-1598b484f3ec href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8d05f053-d182-4a7d-b3d9-82d3ff77d03a.yaml identifier: 8d05f053-d182-4a7d-b3d9-82d3ff77d03a uri: /reference/8d05f053-d182-4a7d-b3d9-82d3ff77d03a - attrs: Abstract: 'With gray wolves restored to Yellowstone National Park, this ecosystem once again supports the full native array of large ungulates and their attendant large carnivores. We consider the possible ecological implications of wolf restoration in the context of another national park, Isle Royale, where wolves restored themselves a half-century ago. At Isle Royale, where resident mammals are relatively few, wolves completely eliminated coyotes and went on to influence moose population dynamics, which had implications for forest growth and composition. At Yellowstone, we predict that wolf restoration will have similar effects to a degree, reducing elk and coyote density. As at Isle Royale, Yellowstone plant communities will be affected, as will mesocarnivores, but to what degree is as yet undetermined. At Yellowstone, ecosystem response to the arrival of the wolf will take decades to unfold, and we argue that comprehensive ecological research and monitoring should be an essential long-term component of the management of Yellowstone National Park.' Author: 'Smith, Douglas W.; Peterson, Rolf O.; Houston, Douglas B.' DOI: '10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[0330:YAW]2.0.CO;2' ISSN: 0006-3568 Issue: 4 Journal: BioScience Notes: '10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[0330:YAW]2.0.CO;2' Pages: 330-340 Title: Yellowstone after Wolves Volume: 53 Year: 2003 _record_number: 25282 _uuid: 8d2320e9-e319-4e80-b7bd-60ad0bdbef3b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053%5B0330:YAW%5D2.0.CO;2 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8d2320e9-e319-4e80-b7bd-60ad0bdbef3b.yaml identifier: 8d2320e9-e319-4e80-b7bd-60ad0bdbef3b uri: /reference/8d2320e9-e319-4e80-b7bd-60ad0bdbef3b - attrs: Author: 'Thornton, Peter E.; Calvin, Katherine; Jones, Andrew D.; Di Vittorio, Alan V.; Bond-Lamberty, Ben; Chini, Louise; Shi, Xiaoying; Mao, Jiafu; Collins, William D.; Edmonds, Jae; Thomson, Allison; Truesdale, John; Craig, Anthony; Branstetter, Marcia L.; Hurtt, George' DOI: 10.1038/nclimate3310 Date: 06/12/online Journal: Nature Climate Change Pages: 496-500 Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Title: Biospheric feedback effects in a synchronously coupled model of human and Earth systems Volume: 7 Year: 2017 _record_number: 25275 _uuid: 8f2df2be-1570-411c-a3f8-84d7a41a87cd reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nclimate3310 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8f2df2be-1570-411c-a3f8-84d7a41a87cd.yaml identifier: 8f2df2be-1570-411c-a3f8-84d7a41a87cd uri: /reference/8f2df2be-1570-411c-a3f8-84d7a41a87cd - attrs: Author: 'Christophers, Brett' DOI: 10.1080/24694452.2017.1293502 Date: 2017/09/03 ISSN: 2469-4452 Issue: 5 Journal: Annals of the American Association of Geographers Pages: 1108-1127 Publisher: Taylor & Francis Title: 'Climate change and financial instability: Risk disclosure and the problematics of neoliberal governance' Volume: 107 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21456 _uuid: 923d9247-ef68-48fe-b4fc-66d5649d0b63 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1080/24694452.2017.1293502 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/923d9247-ef68-48fe-b4fc-66d5649d0b63.yaml identifier: 923d9247-ef68-48fe-b4fc-66d5649d0b63 uri: /reference/923d9247-ef68-48fe-b4fc-66d5649d0b63 - attrs: Author: 'Panteli, Mathaios; Kirschen, Daniel S.' DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2015.01.008 Date: 2015/05/01/ ISSN: 0378-7796 Journal: Electric Power Systems Research Keywords: Control center; Decision-making; Power systems; Situation awareness; Power System Observability; Power System Operation Pages: 140-151 Title: 'Situation awareness in power systems: Theory, challenges and applications' Volume: 122 Year: 2015 _record_number: 21414 _uuid: 9278107f-e3d4-4d4b-92db-a72057d3a5fa reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.epsr.2015.01.008 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9278107f-e3d4-4d4b-92db-a72057d3a5fa.yaml identifier: 9278107f-e3d4-4d4b-92db-a72057d3a5fa uri: /reference/9278107f-e3d4-4d4b-92db-a72057d3a5fa - attrs: Author: 'Carreras, B. A.; D. E. Newman; Ian Dobson' DOI: 10.1063/1.4868393 Issue: 2 Journal: 'Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science' Pages: 023104 Title: Does size matter? Volume: 24 Year: 2014 _record_number: 25268 _uuid: 930663cf-bb7f-495f-b974-c64f47ea35e6 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1063/1.4868393 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/930663cf-bb7f-495f-b974-c64f47ea35e6.yaml identifier: 930663cf-bb7f-495f-b974-c64f47ea35e6 uri: /reference/930663cf-bb7f-495f-b974-c64f47ea35e6 - attrs: Abstract: 'Wildland fire management has reached a crossroads. Current perspectives are not capable of answering interdisciplinary adaptation and mitigation challenges posed by increases in wildfire risk to human populations and the need to reintegrate fire as a vital landscape process. Fire science has been, and continues to be, performed in isolated “silos,” including institutions (e.g., agencies versus universities), organizational structures (e.g., federal agency mandates versus local and state procedures for responding to fire), and research foci (e.g., physical science, natural science, and social science). These silos tend to promote research, management, and policy that focus only on targeted aspects of the “wicked” wildfire problem. In this article, we provide guiding principles to bridge diverse fire science efforts to advance an integrated agenda of wildfire research that can help overcome disciplinary silos and provide insight on how to build fire-resilient communities.' Author: 'Smith, Alistair M. S.; Kolden, Crystal A.; Paveglio, Travis B.; Cochrane, Mark A.; Bowman, David M. J. S.; Moritz, Max A.; Kliskey, Andrew D.; Alessa, Lilian; Hudak, Andrew T.; Hoffman, Chad M.; Lutz, James A.; Queen, Lloyd P.; Goetz, Scott J.; Higuera, Philip E.; Boschetti, Luigi; Flannigan, Mike; Yedinak, Kara M.; Watts, Adam C.; Strand, Eva K.; van Wagtendonk, Jan W.; Anderson, John W.; Stocks, Brian J.; Abatzoglou, John T.' DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biv182 ISSN: 0006-3568 Issue: 2 Journal: BioScience Pages: 130-146 Title: 'The science of firescapes: Achieving fire-resilient communities' Volume: 66 Year: 2016 _record_number: 21402 _uuid: 93e74b72-dff9-4cc6-96e2-2dfd76d9c418 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1093/biosci/biv182 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/93e74b72-dff9-4cc6-96e2-2dfd76d9c418.yaml identifier: 93e74b72-dff9-4cc6-96e2-2dfd76d9c418 uri: /reference/93e74b72-dff9-4cc6-96e2-2dfd76d9c418 - attrs: Author: 'de Bremond, Ariane; Preston, Benjamin L.; Rice, Jennie' DOI: 10.1016/j.envsci.2014.05.004 Date: 2014/10/01/ ISSN: 1462-9011 Journal: Environmental Science & Policy Keywords: Climate change; Energy; Adaptation; Integrated assessment; Decision-making Pages: 45-55 Title: 'Improving the usability of integrated assessment for adaptation practice: Insights from the U.S. southeast energy sector' Volume: 42 Year: 2014 _record_number: 21451 _uuid: 9582d876-1c21-4d18-995e-f69ace96ae3b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.envsci.2014.05.004 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9582d876-1c21-4d18-995e-f69ace96ae3b.yaml identifier: 9582d876-1c21-4d18-995e-f69ace96ae3b uri: /reference/9582d876-1c21-4d18-995e-f69ace96ae3b - attrs: Author: 'Ayyub, Bilal M.' DOI: 10.1061/AJRUA6.0000826 Issue: 3 Journal: 'ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering Systems, Part A: Civil Engineering' Pages: 04015008 Title: 'Practical resilience metrics for planning, design, and decision making' Volume: 1 Year: 2015 _record_number: 25265 _uuid: 97189668-36ce-4b55-9550-f10a6ebdea24 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1061/AJRUA6.0000826 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/97189668-36ce-4b55-9550-f10a6ebdea24.yaml identifier: 97189668-36ce-4b55-9550-f10a6ebdea24 uri: /reference/97189668-36ce-4b55-9550-f10a6ebdea24 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the health effects of the 2003 Northeastern blackout, the largest one in history, on mortality and hospital admissions due to respiratory, cardiovascular, and renal diseases in New York City (NYC), and compared the disease patterns and sociodemographic profiles of cases during the blackout with those on control days. METHOD: We investigated the effects of the blackout on health using incidence rate ratios to compare the disease on blackout days (August 14 and 15, 2003) with those on normal and comparably hot days (controls). Normal days were defined as summer days (June-August) between the 25th and 75th percentiles of maximum temperature during 1991-2004. Comparably hot days were days with maximum temperatures in the same range as that of the blackout days. We evaluated the interactive effects of demographics and the blackout using a case-only design. RESULTS: We found that mortality and respiratory hospital admissions in NYC increased significantly (two- to eightfold) during the blackout, but cardiovascular and renal hospitalizations did not. The most striking increases occurred among elderly, female, and chronic bronchitis admissions. We identified stronger effects during the blackout than on comparably hot days. In contrast to the pattern observed for comparably hot days, higher socioeconomic status groups were more likely to be hospitalized during the blackout. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that power outages may have important health impacts, even stronger than the effects of heat alone. The findings provide some direction for future emergency planning and public health preparedness.' Author: 'Lin, S.; Fletcher, B. A.; Luo, M.; Chinery, R.; Hwang, S-. A.' Author Address: 'New York State Department of Health, Center for Environmental Health, Bureau of Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology, 547 River St., Room 200, Troy, NY 12180-2216, USA. sxl05@health.state.ny.us' DOI: 10.1177/003335491112600312 Date: May-Jun ISSN: 1468-2877 Issue: 3 Journal: Public Health Reports Keywords: Climate; Disaster Planning; *Electricity; Female; Hospitalization/*statistics & numerical data; Humans; Male; New York City/epidemiology; Poisson Distribution; Respiratory Tract Diseases/*epidemiology; Risk Factors; Seasons; Socioeconomic Factors PMC: 3072860 PMCID: PMC3072860 Pages: 384-93 Title: Health impact in New York City during the Northeastern blackout of 2003 URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3072860 Volume: 126 Year: 2011 _chapter: Ch7 _record_number: 16321 _uuid: 9a6c7a87-5c0f-4d64-904c-c707f68f2115 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/pmc-3072860 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9a6c7a87-5c0f-4d64-904c-c707f68f2115.yaml identifier: 9a6c7a87-5c0f-4d64-904c-c707f68f2115 uri: /reference/9a6c7a87-5c0f-4d64-904c-c707f68f2115 - attrs: Abstract: 'Wildfire is an ever present, natural process shaping landscapes. Having the ability to accurately measure and predict wildfire occurrence and impacts to ecosystem goods and services, both retrospectively and prospectively, is critical for adaptive management of landscapes. Landscape vulnerability is a concept widely utilized in the ecosystem management literature that has not been explicitly defined, particularly with regard to wildfire. Vulnerability more broadly is defined by three primary components: exposure to the stressor, sensitivity to a range of stressor variability, and resilience following exposure. In this synthesis, we define vulnerability in the context of wildfire. We first identify the components of a guiding framework for a vulnerability assessment with respect to wildfire. We then address retrospective assessments of wildfire vulnerability and the data that have been developed and utilized to complete these assessments. Finally, we review the modeling efforts that allow for predictive and probabilistic assessment of future vulnerability. Throughout the synthesis, we highlight gaps in the research, data availability, and models used to complete vulnerability assessments.' Author: 'Vaillant, Nicole M.; Kolden, Crystal A.; Smith, Alistair M. S.' DOI: 10.1007/s40725-016-0040-1 Date: September 01 ISSN: 2198-6436 Issue: 3 Journal: Current Forestry Reports Pages: 201-213 Title: Assessing landscape vulnerability to wildfire in the USA Type of Article: journal article Volume: 2 Year: 2016 _record_number: 21396 _uuid: 9af1f157-5f58-48ec-a0c3-a6ae2a74c772 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s40725-016-0040-1 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9af1f157-5f58-48ec-a0c3-a6ae2a74c772.yaml identifier: 9af1f157-5f58-48ec-a0c3-a6ae2a74c772 uri: /reference/9af1f157-5f58-48ec-a0c3-a6ae2a74c772 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Hayhoe, K.; J. Edmonds; R.E. Kopp; A.N. LeGrande; B.M. Sanderson; M.F. Wehner; D.J. Wuebbles' Book Title: 'Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I' DOI: 10.7930/J0WH2N54 Editor: 'Wuebbles, D.J.; D.W. Fahey; K.A. Hibbard; D.J. Dokken; B.C. Stewart; T.K. Maycock' Pages: 133-160 Place Published: 'Washington, DC, USA' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: 'Climate Models, Scenarios, and Projections' Year: 2017 _record_number: 21562 _uuid: 9c909a77-a1d9-477d-82fc-468a6b1af771 reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/projections href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9c909a77-a1d9-477d-82fc-468a6b1af771.yaml identifier: 9c909a77-a1d9-477d-82fc-468a6b1af771 uri: /reference/9c909a77-a1d9-477d-82fc-468a6b1af771 - attrs: Author: 'Zhou, Q.; Leng, G.; Huang, M.' DOI: 10.5194/hess-22-305-2018 ISSN: 1607-7938 Issue: 1 Journal: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Notes: HESS Pages: 305-316 Publisher: Copernicus Publications Title: 'Impacts of future climate change on urban flood volumes in Hohhot in northern China: Benefits of climate change mitigation and adaptations' Volume: 22 Year: 2018 _record_number: 25277 _uuid: 9cd4ecef-7a09-416a-81e8-6af572d12bc7 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.5194/hess-22-305-2018 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9cd4ecef-7a09-416a-81e8-6af572d12bc7.yaml identifier: 9cd4ecef-7a09-416a-81e8-6af572d12bc7 uri: /reference/9cd4ecef-7a09-416a-81e8-6af572d12bc7 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Gilbert, Stanley W.; Butry, David T.; Helgeson, Jennifer F.; Chapman, Robert E. ' DOI: 10.6028/NIST.SP.1197 Institution: National Institute of Standards and Technology Pages: 52 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Report Number: NIST Special Publication 1197 Title: Community Resilience Economic Decision Guide for Buildings and Infrastructure Systems Year: 2015 _record_number: 25296 _uuid: 9eb51e22-e5c8-4f74-96b9-4525b48135fd reftype: Report child_publication: /report/community-resilience-economic-decision-guide-buildings-infrastructure-systems href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9eb51e22-e5c8-4f74-96b9-4525b48135fd.yaml identifier: 9eb51e22-e5c8-4f74-96b9-4525b48135fd uri: /reference/9eb51e22-e5c8-4f74-96b9-4525b48135fd - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Abstract: 'High-reliability management of critical infrastructures-the safe and continued provision of electricity, natural gas, telecommunications, transportation, and water-is a social imperative. Loss of service in interconnected critical infrastructure systems (ICISs) after hurricanes, earthquakes, floods, and tsunamis and their delayed large-scale recovery have turned these events into catastrophes. Reliability and Risk reveals a neglected management dimension and provides a new framework for understanding interconnected infrastructures, their potential for cascading failure, and how to improve their reliability and reduce risk of system failure. The book answers two questions: How are modern interconnected infrastructures managed and regulated for reliability? How can policy makers, analysts, managers, and citizenry better promote reliability in interconnected systems whose failures can scarcely be imagined? The current consensus is that the answers lie in better design, technology, and regulation, but the book argues that these have inevitable shortfalls and that it is dangerous to stop there. The framework developed in Reliability and Risk draws from first-of-its-kind research at the infrastructure crossroads of California, the California Delta, in the San Francisco Bay region. The book demonstrates that infrastructure reliability in an interconnected world must be managed by system professionals in real time.' Author: 'Schulman, Paul; Roe, Emery' DOI: 10.11126/stanford/9780804793933.001.0001 ISBN: 9780804793933 Keywords: High-reliability management; interconnected critical infrastructure systems; risk assessment; risk management; infrastructure design technology regulation; system failure; large-scale recovery; regulated reliability; ER Language: eng Publisher: Stanford University Press Title: 'Reliability and Risk: The Challenge of Managing Interconnected Infrastructures' Year: 2016 _record_number: 25304 _uuid: 9f316b11-0ea5-4aff-b638-9bb9737cd7b6 reftype: Book child_publication: /book/reliability-risk-challenge-managing-interconnected-infrastructures href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9f316b11-0ea5-4aff-b638-9bb9737cd7b6.yaml identifier: 9f316b11-0ea5-4aff-b638-9bb9737cd7b6 uri: /reference/9f316b11-0ea5-4aff-b638-9bb9737cd7b6 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Wehner, M.F.; J.R. Arnold; T. Knutson; K.E. Kunkel; A.N. LeGrande' Book Title: 'Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I' DOI: 10.7930/J0CJ8BNN Editor: 'Wuebbles, D.J.; D.W. Fahey; K.A. Hibbard; D.J. Dokken; B.C. Stewart; T.K. Maycock' Pages: 231-256 Place Published: 'Washington, DC, USA' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: 'Droughts, Floods, and Wildfires' Year: 2017 _record_number: 21566 _uuid: a29b612b-8c28-4c93-9c18-19314babce89 reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/drought-floods-hydrology href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/a29b612b-8c28-4c93-9c18-19314babce89.yaml identifier: a29b612b-8c28-4c93-9c18-19314babce89 uri: /reference/a29b612b-8c28-4c93-9c18-19314babce89 - attrs: .reference_type: 47 Author: 'Darley, Vince' Conference Location: 'Massachusette Institute of Technology, Boston' Conference Name: 'Artificial Life IV: Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems' Date: 6-8 July 1994 Notes: 'ISBN: 9780262521901 (out of stock)' Pages: 411-406 Publisher: MIT Press Title: Emergent phenomena and complexity URL: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.76.9965&rep=rep1&type=pdf Year: 1994 _record_number: 21453 _uuid: a4feb2d0-0a82-4f20-98af-89c295b177c0 reftype: Conference Paper child_publication: /generic/5e4deda1-51f0-4b47-91f3-45a78c581bfe href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/a4feb2d0-0a82-4f20-98af-89c295b177c0.yaml identifier: a4feb2d0-0a82-4f20-98af-89c295b177c0 uri: /reference/a4feb2d0-0a82-4f20-98af-89c295b177c0 - attrs: Author: 'Gain, Animesh K.; Josselin J. Rouillard; David Benson ' DOI: '10.4236/jwarp.2013.54A003 ' Issue: 4A Journal: Journal of Water Resource and Protection Pages: 11-20 Title: 'Can integrated water resources management increase adaptive capacity to climate change adaptation? A critical review' Volume: 5 Year: 2013 _record_number: 21440 _uuid: a628fcb3-4e2a-4f3e-b6f2-1bce04b5d6df reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.4236/jwarp.2013.54A003%20 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/a628fcb3-4e2a-4f3e-b6f2-1bce04b5d6df.yaml identifier: a628fcb3-4e2a-4f3e-b6f2-1bce04b5d6df uri: /reference/a628fcb3-4e2a-4f3e-b6f2-1bce04b5d6df - attrs: Abstract: 'For centuries, thinkers have considered whether and how climatic conditions influence the nature of societies and the performance of economies. A multidisciplinary renaissance of quantitative empirical research has begun to illuminate key linkages in the coupling of these complex natural and human systems, uncovering notable effects of climate on health, agriculture, economics, conflict, migration, and demographics. ADVANCESPast scholars of climate-society interactions were limited to theorizing on the basis of anecdotal evidence; advances in computing, data availability, and study design now allow researchers to draw generalizable causal inferences tying climatic events to social outcomes. This endeavor has demonstrated that a range of climate factors have substantial influence on societies and economies, both past and present, with important implications for the future.Temperature, in particular, exerts remarkable influence over human systems at many social scales; heat induces mortality, has lasting impact on fetuses and infants, and incites aggression and violence while lowering human productivity. High temperatures also damage crops, inflate electricity demand, and may trigger population movements within and across national borders. Tropical cyclones cause mortality, damage assets, and reduce economic output for long periods. Precipitation extremes harm economies and populations predominately in agriculturally dependent settings. These effects are often quantitatively substantial; for example, we compute that temperature depresses current U.S. maize yields roughly 48%, warming trends since 1980 elevated conflict risk in Africa by 11%, and future warming may slow global economic growth rates by 0.28 percentage points year−1. Much research aims to forecast impacts of future climate change, but we point out that society may also benefit from attending to ongoing impacts of climate in the present, because current climatic conditions impose economic and social burdens on populations today that rival in magnitude the projected end-of-century impacts of climate change. For instance, we calculate that current temperature climatologies slow global economic growth roughly 0.25 percentage points year−1, comparable to the additional slowing of 0.28 percentage points year−1 projected from future warming.Both current and future losses can theoretically be avoided if populations adapt to fully insulate themselves from the climate—why this has not already occurred everywhere remains a critical open question. For example, clear patterns of adaptation in health impacts and in response to tropical cyclones contrast strongly with limited adaptation in agricultural and macroeconomic responses to temperature. Although some theories suggest these various levels of adaptation ought to be economically optimal, in the sense that costs of additional adaptive actions should exactly balance the benefits of avoided climate-related losses, there is no evidence that allows us to determine how closely observed “adaptation gaps” reflect optimal investments or constrained suboptimal adaptation that should be addressed through policy. OUTLOOKRecent findings provide insight into the historical evolution of the global economy; they should inform how we respond to modern climatic conditions, and they can guide how we understand the consequences of future climate changes. Although climate is clearly not the only factor that affects social and economic outcomes, new quantitative measurements reveal that it is a major factor, often with first-order consequences. Research over the coming decade will seek to understand the numerous mechanisms that drive these effects, with the hope that policy may interfere with the most damaging pathways of influence. Both current and future generations will benefit from near-term investigations. “Cracking the code” on when, where, and why adaptation is or is not successful will generate major social benefits today and in the future. In addition, calculations used to design global climate change olicies require as input “damage functions” that describe how social and economic losses accrue under different climatic conditions, essential elements that now can (and should) be calibrated to real-world relationships. Designing effective, efficient, and fair policies to manage anthropogenic climate change requires that we possess a quantitative grasp of how different investments today may affect economic and social possibilities in the future.Two globes depict two possible futures for how the climate might change and how those changes are likely to affect humanity, based on recent empirical findings.Base colors are temperature change under “Business as usual” (left, RCP 8.5) and “stringent emissions mitigation” (right, RCP 2.6). Overlaid are composite satellite images of nighttime lights with rescaled intensity reflecting changes in economic productivity in each climate scenario.For centuries, thinkers have considered whether and how climatic conditions—such as temperature, rainfall, and violent storms—influence the nature of societies and the performance of economies. A multidisciplinary renaissance of quantitative empirical research is illuminating important linkages in the coupled climate-human system. We highlight key methodological innovations and results describing effects of climate on health, economics, conflict, migration, and demographics. Because of persistent “adaptation gaps,” current climate conditions continue to play a substantial role in shaping modern society, and future climate changes will likely have additional impact. For example, we compute that temperature depresses current U.S. maize yields by ~48%, warming since 1980 elevated conflict risk in Africa by ~11%, and future warming may slow global economic growth rates by ~0.28 percentage points per year. In general, we estimate that the economic and social burden of current climates tends to be comparable in magnitude to the additional projected impact caused by future anthropogenic climate changes. Overall, findings from this literature point to climate as an important influence on the historical evolution of the global economy, they should inform how we respond to modern climatic conditions, and they can guide how we predict the consequences of future climate changes.%U ; http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/353/6304/aad9837.full.pdf' Author: 'Carleton, Tamma A.; Hsiang, Solomon M.' DOI: 10.1126/science.aad9837 Issue: 6304 Journal: Science Title: Social and economic impacts of climate Volume: 353 Year: 2016 _record_number: 21459 _uuid: a73835ed-0558-4fe3-bccf-e61b4014ed63 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1126/science.aad9837 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/a73835ed-0558-4fe3-bccf-e61b4014ed63.yaml identifier: a73835ed-0558-4fe3-bccf-e61b4014ed63 uri: /reference/a73835ed-0558-4fe3-bccf-e61b4014ed63 - attrs: Author: 'Ouyang, Min' DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2013.06.040 Date: 2014/01/01/ ISSN: 0951-8320 Journal: Reliability Engineering & System Safety Keywords: Critical infrastructure systems (CISs); Interdependencies; Empirical approach; Agent; System dynamics; Economic theory; Network; Resilience Pages: 43-60 Title: Review on modeling and simulation of interdependent critical infrastructure systems Volume: 121 Year: 2014 _record_number: 21416 _uuid: a90f4a5c-16d6-4fcb-81d7-50cd599de443 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.ress.2013.06.040 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/a90f4a5c-16d6-4fcb-81d7-50cd599de443.yaml identifier: a90f4a5c-16d6-4fcb-81d7-50cd599de443 uri: /reference/a90f4a5c-16d6-4fcb-81d7-50cd599de443 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: "Hibbard, Kathy\rWilson, Tom\rAveryt, Kristen\rHarriss, Robert\rNewmark, Robin\rRose, Steven\rShevliakova, Elena\rTidwell, Vincent" Book Title: 'Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment' DOI: 10.7930/J0JW8BSF Editor: "Melillo, Jerry M.\rTerese (T.C.) Richmond,\rYohe, Gary W." Pages: 257-281 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Reviewer: aa1fec1f-b5c3-48b8-b17e-ca88da35eb4c Title: 'Ch. 10: Energy, Water, and Land Use' URL: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/sectors/energy-water-and-land Year: 2014 _chapter: '["Ch. 0: About this Report FINAL"]' _record_number: 4721 _uuid: aa1fec1f-b5c3-48b8-b17e-ca88da35eb4c reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/nca3/chapter/water-energy-land-use href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/aa1fec1f-b5c3-48b8-b17e-ca88da35eb4c.yaml identifier: aa1fec1f-b5c3-48b8-b17e-ca88da35eb4c uri: /reference/aa1fec1f-b5c3-48b8-b17e-ca88da35eb4c - attrs: Abstract: 'Efforts to restore ecosystems often focus on reintroducing apex predators to re-establish coevolved relationships among predators, herbivores and plants. The preponderance of evidence for indirect effects of predators on terrestrial plant communities comes from ecosystems where predators have been removed. Far less is known about the consequences of their restoration. The effects of removal and restoration are unlikely to be symmetrical because removing predators can create feedbacks that reinforce the effects of predator loss. Observational studies have suggested that the reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone National Park initiated dramatic restoration of riparian ecosystems by releasing willows from excessive browsing by elk. Here, we present results from a decade-long experiment in Yellowstone showing that moderating browsing alone was not sufficient to restore riparian zones along small streams. Instead, restoration of willow communities depended on removing browsing and restoring hydrological conditions that prevailed before the removal of wolves. The 70-year absence of predators from the ecosystem changed the disturbance regime in a way that was not reversed by predator reintroduction. We conclude that predator restoration may not quickly repair effects of predator removal in ecosystems.' Author: 'Marshall, Kristin N.; Hobbs, N. Thompson; Cooper, David J.' DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2012.2977 Issue: 1756 Journal: 'Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences' Title: Stream hydrology limits recovery of riparian ecosystems after wolf reintroduction Volume: 280 Year: 2013 _record_number: 25288 _uuid: aae738d7-66a6-4470-bba4-1d82465d628c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1098/rspb.2012.2977 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/aae738d7-66a6-4470-bba4-1d82465d628c.yaml identifier: aae738d7-66a6-4470-bba4-1d82465d628c uri: /reference/aae738d7-66a6-4470-bba4-1d82465d628c - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'The new scenario framework for climate change research envisions combining pathways of future radiative forcing and their associated climate changes with alternative pathways of socioeconomic development in order to carry out research on climate change impacts, adaptation, and mitigation. Here we propose a conceptual framework for how to define and develop a set of Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) for use within the scenario framework. We define SSPs as reference pathways describing plausible alternative trends in the evolution of society and ecosystems over a century timescale, in the absence of climate change or climate policies. We introduce the concept of a space of challenges to adaptation and to mitigation that should be spanned by the SSPs, and discuss how particular trends in social, economic, and environmental development could be combined to produce such outcomes. A comparison to the narratives from the scenarios developed in the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) illustrates how a starting point for developing SSPs can be defined. We suggest initial development of a set of basic SSPs that could then be extended to meet more specific purposes, and envision a process of application of basic and extended SSPs that would be iterative and potentially lead to modification of the original SSPs themselves.' Author: 'O’Neill, Brian C.; Kriegler, Elmar; Riahi, Keywan; Ebi, Kristie L.; Hallegatte, Stephane; Carter, Timothy R.; Mathur, Ritu; van Vuuren, Detlef P.' DOI: 10.1007/s10584-013-0905-2 Date: February 01 ISSN: 1573-1480 Issue: 3 Journal: Climatic Change Pages: 387-400 Title: 'A new scenario framework for climate change research: The concept of shared socioeconomic pathways' Type of Article: journal article Volume: 122 Year: 2014 _chapter: Ch10 _record_number: 16544 _uuid: ae138b1a-a619-4312-a671-0f671a85662b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10584-013-0905-2 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ae138b1a-a619-4312-a671-0f671a85662b.yaml identifier: ae138b1a-a619-4312-a671-0f671a85662b uri: /reference/ae138b1a-a619-4312-a671-0f671a85662b