--- - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Increased forest fire activity across the western continental United States (US) in recent decades has likely been enabled by a number of factors, including the legacy of fire suppression and human settlement, natural climate variability, and human-caused climate change. We use modeled climate projections to estimate the contribution of anthropogenic climate change to observed increases in eight fuel aridity metrics and forest fire area across the western United States. Anthropogenic increases in temperature and vapor pressure deficit significantly enhanced fuel aridity across western US forests over the past several decades and, during 2000–2015, contributed to 75% more forested area experiencing high (>1 σ) fire-season fuel aridity and an average of nine additional days per year of high fire potential. Anthropogenic climate change accounted for ∼55% of observed increases in fuel aridity from 1979 to 2015 across western US forests, highlighting both anthropogenic climate change and natural climate variability as important contributors to increased wildfire potential in recent decades. We estimate that human-caused climate change contributed to an additional 4.2 million ha of forest fire area during 1984–2015, nearly doubling the forest fire area expected in its absence. Natural climate variability will continue to alternate between modulating and compounding anthropogenic increases in fuel aridity, but anthropogenic climate change has emerged as a driver of increased forest fire activity and should continue to do so while fuels are not limiting.' Author: 'Abatzoglou, John T.; Williams, A. Park' DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1607171113 Date: 'October 18, 2016' Issue: 42 Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pages: 11770-11775 Title: Impact of anthropogenic climate change on wildfire across western US forests Volume: 113 Year: 2016 _record_number: 20416 _uuid: de4a77df-03ba-4319-a13f-7fdefbb353a5 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.1607171113 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/de4a77df-03ba-4319-a13f-7fdefbb353a5.yaml identifier: de4a77df-03ba-4319-a13f-7fdefbb353a5 uri: /reference/de4a77df-03ba-4319-a13f-7fdefbb353a5 - attrs: .publisher: Springer Netherlands .reference_type: 0 Alternate Journal: Climatic Change Author: "Voggesser, Garrit\rLynn, Kathy\rDaigle, John\rLake, Frank K.\rRanco, Darren" DOI: 10.1007/s10584-013-0733-4 Date: October 2013 Epub Date: 2013/03/29 ISSN: 0165-0009 Issue: 3 Journal: Climatic Change Language: English Pages: 615-626 Title: Cultural impacts to tribes from climate change influences on forests Volume: 120 Year: 2013 _chapter: '["Ch. 12: Indigenous FINAL","RG 6 Northwest","Ch. 1: Overview FINAL","Ch. 21: Northwest FINAL"]' _record_number: 3852 _uuid: debdf209-4050-4706-965c-09cff7ec353b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10584-013-0733-4 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/debdf209-4050-4706-965c-09cff7ec353b.yaml identifier: debdf209-4050-4706-965c-09cff7ec353b uri: /reference/debdf209-4050-4706-965c-09cff7ec353b - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Klos, P. Zion; Link, Timothy E.; Abatzoglou, John T.' DOI: 10.1002/2014GL060500 ISSN: 1944-8007 Issue: 13 Journal: Geophysical Research Letters Keywords: precipitation phase; rain-snow transition; rain snow transition; climate change; 0736 Snow; 1621 Cryospheric change; 1637 Regional climate change; 1854 Precipitation; 1840 Hydrometeorology Pages: 4560-4568 Title: Extent of the rain–snow transition zone in the western U.S. under historic and projected climate Volume: 41 Year: 2014 _record_number: 20539 _uuid: df25e033-b388-4aab-b7a4-00d6a9ef3e7e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1002/2014GL060500 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/df25e033-b388-4aab-b7a4-00d6a9ef3e7e.yaml identifier: df25e033-b388-4aab-b7a4-00d6a9ef3e7e uri: /reference/df25e033-b388-4aab-b7a4-00d6a9ef3e7e - attrs: Author: 'Sherson, Lauren R.; Van Horn, David J.; Gomez-Velez, Jesus D.; Crossey, Laura J.; Dahm, Clifford N.' DOI: 10.1002/hyp.10426 ISSN: 1099-1085 Issue: 14 Journal: Hydrological Processes Keywords: nutrient dynamics; continuous monitoring; wildfire; monsoonal storms; water quality; headwater streams Pages: 3193-3207 Title: 'Nutrient dynamics in an alpine headwater stream: Use of continuous water quality sensors to examine responses to wildfire and precipitation events' Volume: 29 Year: 2015 _record_number: 23855 _uuid: e02079e4-6160-4552-8493-ba80eeeeff8c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1002/hyp.10426 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e02079e4-6160-4552-8493-ba80eeeeff8c.yaml identifier: e02079e4-6160-4552-8493-ba80eeeeff8c uri: /reference/e02079e4-6160-4552-8493-ba80eeeeff8c - attrs: Author: 'Stewart, Joseph A. E.; Perrine, John D.; Nichols, Lyle B.; Thorne, James H.; Millar, Constance I.; Goehring, Kenneth E.; Massing, Cody P.; Wright, David H.' DOI: 10.1111/jbi.12466 ISSN: 1365-2699 Issue: 5 Journal: Journal of Biogeography Keywords: Climate change; global warming; historical resurvey; metapopulation; Ochotona princeps; pika; range shift; species distribution modelling; talus Pages: 880-890 Title: 'Revisiting the past to foretell the future: Summer temperature and habitat area predict pika extirpations in California' Volume: 42 Year: 2015 _record_number: 23865 _uuid: e028e561-0d0d-4ebd-acc0-5aa92fc73750 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/jbi.12466 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e028e561-0d0d-4ebd-acc0-5aa92fc73750.yaml identifier: e028e561-0d0d-4ebd-acc0-5aa92fc73750 uri: /reference/e028e561-0d0d-4ebd-acc0-5aa92fc73750 - attrs: Author: 'Writer, Jeffrey H.; Hohner, Amanda; Oropeza, Jill; Schmidt, Amanda; Cawley, Kaelin M.; Rosario-Ortiz, Fernando L.' DOI: 10.5942/jawwa.2014.106.0055 Issue: 4 Journal: Journal—American Water Works Association Pages: E189-E199 Title: 'Water treatment implications after the High Park Wildfire, Colorado' Volume: 106 Year: 2014 _record_number: 23889 _uuid: e0d237d0-bc2d-4538-9eb0-4732237cae82 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.5942/jawwa.2014.106.0055 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e0d237d0-bc2d-4538-9eb0-4732237cae82.yaml identifier: e0d237d0-bc2d-4538-9eb0-4732237cae82 uri: /reference/e0d237d0-bc2d-4538-9eb0-4732237cae82 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'The 2012–2015 drought has left California with severely reduced snowpack, soil moisture, ground water, and reservoir stocks, but the impact of this estimated millennial-scale event on forest health is unknown. We used airborne laser-guided spectroscopy and satellite-based models to assess losses in canopy water content of California’s forests between 2011 and 2015. Approximately 10.6 million ha of forest containing up to 888 million large trees experienced measurable loss in canopy water content during this drought period. Severe canopy water losses of greater than 30% occurred over 1 million ha, affecting up to 58 million large trees. Our measurements exclude forests affected by fire between 2011 and 2015. If drought conditions continue or reoccur, even with temporary reprieves such as El Niño, we predict substantial future forest change.' Author: 'Asner, Gregory P.; Brodrick, Philip G.; Anderson, Christopher B.; Vaughn, Nicholas; Knapp, David E.; Martin, Roberta E.' DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1523397113 Date: 'January 12, 2016' Issue: 2 Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pages: E249-E255 Title: Progressive forest canopy water loss during the 2012–2015 California drought Volume: 113 Year: 2016 _record_number: 19775 _uuid: e126059c-67f3-4522-8381-ae2499296312 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.1523397113 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e126059c-67f3-4522-8381-ae2499296312.yaml identifier: e126059c-67f3-4522-8381-ae2499296312 uri: /reference/e126059c-67f3-4522-8381-ae2499296312 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Largier, John; Brian Cheng; Kelley Higgason' Institution: 'National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of National Marine Sanctuaries' Pages: 121 Place Published: 'Silver Spring, MD' Series Volume: Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series ONMS-11-04 Title: 'Climate Change Impacts: Gulf of the Farallones and Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuaries' URL: https://nmssanctuaries.blob.core.windows.net/sanctuaries-prod/media/archive/science/conservation/pdfs/gf_cbnms_climate_report.pdf Year: 2011 _record_number: 23938 _uuid: e1dd379b-04d7-447d-ac40-27ed82995e4c reftype: Report child_publication: /report/climate-change-impacts-gulf-farallones-cordell-bank-national-marine-sanctuaries href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e1dd379b-04d7-447d-ac40-27ed82995e4c.yaml identifier: e1dd379b-04d7-447d-ac40-27ed82995e4c uri: /reference/e1dd379b-04d7-447d-ac40-27ed82995e4c - attrs: Author: 'Tarroja, Brian; AghaKouchak, Amir; Samuelsen, Scott' DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.05.131 Date: 2016/09/15/ ISSN: 0360-5442 Journal: Energy Keywords: Hydropower; Hydroelectricity; Climate change; Greenhouse gas emissions; Electric grid Pages: 295-305 Title: Quantifying climate change impacts on hydropower generation and implications on electric grid greenhouse gas emissions and operation Volume: 111 Year: 2016 _record_number: 23869 _uuid: e22493ce-7924-4036-90f4-9c0e69ddfcfd reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.energy.2016.05.131 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e22493ce-7924-4036-90f4-9c0e69ddfcfd.yaml identifier: e22493ce-7924-4036-90f4-9c0e69ddfcfd uri: /reference/e22493ce-7924-4036-90f4-9c0e69ddfcfd - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Editor: "Karl, T.R.\rJ.T. Melillo\rT.C. Peterson " ISBN: 978-0-521-14407-0 Number of Pages: 189 Place Published: 'New York, NY' Publisher: Cambridge University Press Series Editor: "Karl, T.R.\rJ.T. Melillo\rT.C. Peterson " Title: Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States URL: http://downloads.globalchange.gov/usimpacts/pdfs/climate-impacts-report.pdf Year: 2009 _chapter: '["Ch. 20: Southwest FINAL","Ch. 25: Coastal Zone FINAL","Ch. 16: Northeast FINAL","Ch. 24: Oceans FINAL","Ch. 12: Indigenous FINAL","Ch. 19: Great Plains FINAL","Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL","Ch. 6: Agriculture FINAL","Ch. 29: Research Needs FINAL","Ch. 11: Urban Systems FINAL","Ch. 28: Adaptation FINAL","Ch. 23: Hawaii FINAL","Ch. 8: Ecosystems FINAL","Ch. 17: Southeast and Caribbean FINAL","RF 12","Ch. 3: Water Resources FINAL","Ch. 30: NCA Long-Term Process FINAL","NCA Report Citations","Appendix 3: Climate Science FINAL","RF 1","Ch. 10: Energy Water Land FINAL","Ch. 18: Midwest FINAL","Ch. 21: Northwest FINAL","Ch. 22: Alaska FINAL"]' _record_number: 769 _uuid: e251f590-177e-4ba6-8ed1-6f68b5e54c8a reftype: Edited Book child_publication: /report/nca2 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e251f590-177e-4ba6-8ed1-6f68b5e54c8a.yaml identifier: e251f590-177e-4ba6-8ed1-6f68b5e54c8a uri: /reference/e251f590-177e-4ba6-8ed1-6f68b5e54c8a - attrs: Author: 'Munson, Seth M.; Webb, Robert H.; Belnap, Jayne; Hubbard, J.A.; Swann, Don E.; Rutman, Sue' DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02598.x ISSN: 1365-2486 Issue: 3 Journal: Global Change Biology Keywords: arid; drought; long-term change; plant cover; southwestern United States NIHMSID: ' NCA' Pages: 1083-1095 Title: Forecasting climate change impacts to plant community composition in the Sonoran Desert region Volume: 18 Year: 2012 _record_number: 14640 _uuid: e2ad8754-f271-4960-b198-51edd21e2e04 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02598.x href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e2ad8754-f271-4960-b198-51edd21e2e04.yaml identifier: e2ad8754-f271-4960-b198-51edd21e2e04 uri: /reference/e2ad8754-f271-4960-b198-51edd21e2e04 - attrs: Abstract: 'Climate change is likely to affect the generation of energy from California’s high-elevation hydropower systems. To investigate these impacts, this study formulates a linear programming model of an 11-reservoir hydroelectric system operated by the Sacramento Municipal Utility District in the Upper American River basin. Four sets of hydrologic scenarios are developed using the Variable Infiltration Capacity model combined with climatic output from two general circulation models under two greenhouse-gas emissions scenarios. Power generation and revenues fall under two of the four climate change scenarios, as a consequence of drier hydrologic conditions. Energy generation is primarily limited by annual volume of streamflow, and is affected more than revenues, reflecting the ability of the system to store water when energy prices are low for use when prices are high (July through September). Power generation and revenues increase for two of the scenarios, which predict wetter hydrologic conditions. In this case, power generation increases more than revenues indicating that the system is using most of its available capacity under current hydrologic conditions. Hydroelectric systems located in basins with hydrograph centroids occuring close to summer months (July through September) are likely to be affected by the changes in hydrologic timing associated with climate change (e.g., earlier snowmelts and streamflows) if the systems lack sufficient storage capacity. High Sierra hydroelectric systems with sufficiently large storage capacity should not be affected by climate-induced changes in hydrologic timing.' Author: 'Vicuna, S.; Leonardson, R.; Hanemann, M. W.; Dale, L. L.; Dracup, J. A.' DOI: 10.1007/s10584-007-9365-x Date: March 01 ISSN: 1573-1480 Issue: 1 Journal: Climatic Change Label: Vicuna2008 Pages: 123-137 Title: 'Climate change impacts on high elevation hydropower generation in California’s Sierra Nevada: A case study in the Upper American River' Type of Article: journal article Volume: 87 Year: 2008 _record_number: 26397 _uuid: e2cbf775-6f83-4a51-8042-010716f7d47e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10584-007-9365-x href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e2cbf775-6f83-4a51-8042-010716f7d47e.yaml identifier: e2cbf775-6f83-4a51-8042-010716f7d47e uri: /reference/e2cbf775-6f83-4a51-8042-010716f7d47e - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Millar, C. I.\rWestfall, R. D.\rDelany, D. L.\rKing, J. C.\rGraumlich, L. J." DOI: '10.1657/1523-0430(2004)036[0181:roscit]2.0.co;2' Date: May ISSN: 1523-0430 Issue: 2 Journal: 'Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research' Label: IN Pages: 181-200 Title: 'Response of subalpine conifers in the Sierra Nevada, California, USA, to 20th-century warming and decadal climate variability' Volume: 36 Year: 2004 _chapter: '["Ch. 8: Ecosystems FINAL"]' _record_number: 2029 _uuid: e353701d-b2bf-4ddd-af78-6bced072e963 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1657/1523-0430(2004)036%5B0181:roscit%5D2.0.co;2 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e353701d-b2bf-4ddd-af78-6bced072e963.yaml identifier: e353701d-b2bf-4ddd-af78-6bced072e963 uri: /reference/e353701d-b2bf-4ddd-af78-6bced072e963 - attrs: Abstract: 'Mountain snowpack stores a significant quantity of water in the western US, accumulating during the wet season and melting during the dry summers and supplying much of the water used for irrigated agriculture, and municipal and industrial uses. Updating our earlier work published in 2005, we find that with 14 additional years of data, over 90% of snow monitoring sites with long records across the western US now show declines, of which 33% are significant (vs. 5% expected by chance) and 2% are significant and positive (vs. 5% expected by chance). Declining trends are observed across all months, states, and climates, but are largest in spring, in the Pacific states, and in locations with mild winter climate. We corroborate and extend these observations using a gridded hydrology model, which also allows a robust estimate of total western snowpack and its decline. We find a large increase in the fraction of locations that posted decreasing trends, and averaged across the western US, the decline in average April 1 snow water equivalent since mid-century is roughly 15–30% or 25–50 km3, comparable in volume to the West’s largest man-made reservoir, Lake Mead.' Author: 'Mote, Philip W.; Li, Sihan; Lettenmaier, Dennis P.; Xiao, Mu; Engel, Ruth' DOI: 10.1038/s41612-018-0012-1 Date: 2018/03/02 ISSN: 2397-3722 Issue: 1 Journal: npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pages: 2 Title: Dramatic declines in snowpack in the western US Volume: 1 Year: 2018 _record_number: 25165 _uuid: e450ba2c-db69-43c8-8af4-e0c8ce7c8f2f reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/s41612-018-0012-1 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e450ba2c-db69-43c8-8af4-e0c8ce7c8f2f.yaml identifier: e450ba2c-db69-43c8-8af4-e0c8ce7c8f2f uri: /reference/e450ba2c-db69-43c8-8af4-e0c8ce7c8f2f - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'The highly variable timing of streamflow in snowmelt-dominated basins across western North America is an important consequence, and indicator, of climate fluctuations. Changes in the timing of snowmelt-derived streamflow from 1948 to 2002 were investigated in a network of 302 western North America gauges by examining the center of mass for flow, spring pulse onset dates, and seasonal fractional flows through trend and principal component analyses. Statistical analysis of the streamflow timing measures with Pacific climate indicators identified local and key large-scale processes that govern the regionally coherent parts of the changes and their relative importance.|Widespread and regionally coherent trends toward earlier onsets of springtime snowmelt and streamflow have taken place across most of western North America, affecting an area that is much larger than previously recognized. These timing changes have resulted in increasing fractions of annual flow occurring earlier in the water year by 1-4 weeks. The immediate (or proximal) forcings for the spatially coherent parts of the year-to-year fluctuations and longer-term trends of streamflow timing have been higher winter and spring temperatures. Although these temperature changes are partly controlled by the decadal-scale Pacific climate mode [Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO)], a separate ani significant part of the variance is associated with a springtime warming trend that spans the PDO phases.' Accession Number: 158 Author: "Stewart, I.T.\rCayan, D.R.\rDettinger, M.D." Author Address: 'Stewart, IT (reprint author), Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA; Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA; US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA USA' DOI: 10.1175/JCLI3321.1 Date: APR 15 2005 ISSN: 0894-8755 Issue: 8 Journal: Journal of Climate Keywords: UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MASS-BALANCE; ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; SNOWMELT RUNOFF; SIERRA-NEVADA; RIVER-BASIN; VARIABILITY; PRECIPITATION Language: English Pages: 1136-1155 Title: Changes toward earlier streamflow timing across western North America Volume: 18 Year: 2005 _chapter: '["Ch. 3: Water Resources FINAL","Appendix 3: Climate Science FINAL","Ch. 21: Northwest FINAL"]' _record_number: 2957 _uuid: e4a5a03e-0138-4ebb-98ad-6fb28ec56be5 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1175/JCLI3321.1 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e4a5a03e-0138-4ebb-98ad-6fb28ec56be5.yaml identifier: e4a5a03e-0138-4ebb-98ad-6fb28ec56be5 uri: /reference/e4a5a03e-0138-4ebb-98ad-6fb28ec56be5 - attrs: .publisher: Elsevier Science .reference_type: 0 Author: "Luber, George\rMcGeehin, Michael" DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2008.08.021 ISSN: 0749-3797 Issue: 5 Journal: American Journal of Preventive Medicine Pages: 429-435 Title: Climate change and extreme heat events URL: http://download.journals.elsevierhealth.com/pdfs/journals/0749-3797/PIIS0749379708006867.pdf Volume: 35 Year: 2008 _chapter: '["Ch. 18: Midwest FINAL"]' _record_number: 4293 _uuid: e4c07020-0c97-4a6c-ab4a-1859aaebd5ab reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.amepre.2008.08.021 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e4c07020-0c97-4a6c-ab4a-1859aaebd5ab.yaml identifier: e4c07020-0c97-4a6c-ab4a-1859aaebd5ab uri: /reference/e4c07020-0c97-4a6c-ab4a-1859aaebd5ab - attrs: Author: 'Hirshon, Jon Mark; Alson, Roy L.; Blunk, David; Brosnan, Douglas P.; Epstein, Stephen K.; Gardner, Angela F.; Lum, Donald L.; Moskovitz, Joshua B.; Richardson, Lynne D.; Stankus, Jennifer L.; Kivela, Paul D.; Wilkerson, Dean; Price, Craig; Bromley, Marilyn; Calaway, Nancy; Geist, Marjorie; Gore, Laura; Singh, Cynthia; Wheeler, Gordon' DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.11.024 ISSN: 0196-0644 Issue: 2 Journal: Annals of Emergency Medicine Pages: 100-243 Publisher: Elsevier Title: "America's emergency care environment, a state-by-state report card" Volume: 63 Year: 2014 _record_number: 23847 _uuid: e523f9c0-56f9-44ff-b2d9-7debec2a19d0 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.11.024 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e523f9c0-56f9-44ff-b2d9-7debec2a19d0.yaml identifier: e523f9c0-56f9-44ff-b2d9-7debec2a19d0 uri: /reference/e523f9c0-56f9-44ff-b2d9-7debec2a19d0 - attrs: Abstract: 'Climate projections for the southwestern US suggest a warmer, drier future and have the potential to impact forest carbon (C) sequestration and post-fire C recovery. Restoring forest structure and surface fire regimes initially decreases total ecosystem carbon (TEC), but can stabilize the remaining C by moderating wildfire behavior. Previous research has demonstrated that fire maintained forests can store more C over time than fire suppressed forests in the presence of wildfire. However, because the climate future is uncertain, I sought to determine the efficacy of forest management to moderate fire behavior and its effect on forest C dynamics under current and projected climate. I used the LANDIS-II model to simulate carbon dynamics under early (2010–2019), mid (2050–2059), and late (2090–2099) century climate projections for a ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) dominated landscape in northern Arizona. I ran 100-year simulations with two different treatments (control, thin and burn) and a 1 in 50 chance of wildfire occurring. I found that control TEC had a consistent decline throughout the simulation period, regardless of climate. Thin and burn TEC increased following treatment implementation and showed more differentiation than the control in response to climate, with late-century climate having the lowest TEC. Treatment efficacy, as measured by mean fire severity, was not impacted by climate. Fire effects were evident in the cumulative net ecosystem exchange (NEE) for the different treatments. Over the simulation period, 32.8–48.9% of the control landscape was either C neutral or a C source to the atmosphere and greater than 90% of the thin and burn landscape was a moderate C sink. These results suggest that in southwestern ponderosa pine, restoring forest structure and surface fire regimes provides a reasonable hedge against the uncertainty of future climate change for maintaining the forest C sink.' Author: 'Hurteau, Matthew D.' DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169275 Issue: 1 Journal: PLOS ONE Pages: e0169275 Publisher: Public Library of Science Title: Quantifying the carbon balance of forest restoration and wildfire under projected climate in the fire-prone southwestern US Volume: 12 Year: 2017 _record_number: 23678 _uuid: e56d8268-7bc7-4d40-a36f-21bfbf54a7cf reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1371/journal.pone.0169275 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e56d8268-7bc7-4d40-a36f-21bfbf54a7cf.yaml identifier: e56d8268-7bc7-4d40-a36f-21bfbf54a7cf uri: /reference/e56d8268-7bc7-4d40-a36f-21bfbf54a7cf - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Mawdsley, Jonathan; Lamb, Rachel' Institution: 'The H. John Heinz III Center for Science, Economics and the Environment for the Navajo Nation Department of Fish and Wildlife' Pages: 49 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Title: Climate change vulnerability assessment for priority wildlife species URL: https://conbio.org/images/content_publications/Final_Navajo_Vulnerability_Assessment_Report_2.pdf Year: 2013 _record_number: 26377 _uuid: e6404db9-fef8-42ba-95c8-3a7c5b7d8d05 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/climate-change-vulnerability-assessment-priority-wildlife-species href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e6404db9-fef8-42ba-95c8-3a7c5b7d8d05.yaml identifier: e6404db9-fef8-42ba-95c8-3a7c5b7d8d05 uri: /reference/e6404db9-fef8-42ba-95c8-3a7c5b7d8d05 - attrs: Author: 'Nicholas, Kimberly A.; Matthews, Mark A.; Lobell, David B.; Willits, Neil H.; Field, Christopher B.' DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.06.010 Date: 2011/12/15/ ISSN: 0168-1923 Issue: 12 Journal: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Keywords: Climate change; Vitis vinifera; Wine; Climate sensitivity; Anthocyanins; Phenology; Temperature Pages: 1556-1567 Title: Effect of vineyard-scale climate variability on Pinot noir phenolic composition Volume: 151 Year: 2011 _record_number: 25975 _uuid: e6928875-a32d-445c-90c0-e97bce50364c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.06.010 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e6928875-a32d-445c-90c0-e97bce50364c.yaml identifier: e6928875-a32d-445c-90c0-e97bce50364c uri: /reference/e6928875-a32d-445c-90c0-e97bce50364c - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Nania, Julie; Cozzetto, Karen; Gillet, Nicole; Duren, Sabre; Tapp, Anne Mariah; Eitner, Michael; Baldwin, Beth' Institution: University of Colorado Law School Pages: 204 Place Published: 'Boulder, CO' Title: Considerations for climate change and variability adaptation on the Navajo Nation URL: http://wwa.colorado.edu/publications/reports/navajo_report4_9.pdf Year: 2014 _record_number: 24985 _uuid: e7386ded-fc42-4907-b607-4ccc458dd638 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/considerations-climate-change-variability-adaptation-on-navajo-nation href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e7386ded-fc42-4907-b607-4ccc458dd638.yaml identifier: e7386ded-fc42-4907-b607-4ccc458dd638 uri: /reference/e7386ded-fc42-4907-b607-4ccc458dd638 - attrs: Abstract: 'Valley fever is endemic to the southwestern United States. Humans contract this fungal disease by inhaling spores of Coccidioides spp. Changes in the environment can influence the abundance and dispersal of Coccidioides spp., causing fluctuations in valley fever incidence. We combined county‐level case records from state health agencies to create a regional valley fever database for the southwestern United States, including Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah. We used this data set to explore how environmental factors influenced the spatial pattern and temporal dynamics of valley fever incidence during 2000–2015. We compiled climate and environmental geospatial data sets from multiple sources to compare with valley fever incidence. These variables included air temperature, precipitation, soil moisture, surface dust concentration, normalized difference vegetation index, and cropland area. We found that valley fever incidence was greater in areas with warmer air temperatures and drier soils. The mean annual cycle of incidence varied throughout the southwestern United States and peaked following periods of low precipitation and soil moisture. From year‐to‐year, however, autumn incidence was higher following cooler, wetter, and productive springs in the San Joaquin Valley of California. In southcentral Arizona, incidence increased significantly through time. By 2015, incidence in this region was more than double the rate in the San Joaquin Valley. Our analysis provides a framework for interpreting the influence of climate change on valley fever incidence dynamics. Our results may allow the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to improve their estimates of the spatial pattern and intensity of valley fever endemicity.' Author: 'Gorris, M. E.; L. A. Cat; C. S. Zender; K. K. Treseder; J. T. Randerson' DOI: 10.1002/2017GH000095 Issue: 1 Journal: GeoHealth Pages: 6-24 Title: Coccidioidomycosis dynamics in relation to climate in the southwestern United States Volume: 2 Year: 2018 _record_number: 25334 _uuid: e7604efd-b24b-43f7-93b9-5046de36a18a reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1002/2017GH000095 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e7604efd-b24b-43f7-93b9-5046de36a18a.yaml identifier: e7604efd-b24b-43f7-93b9-5046de36a18a uri: /reference/e7604efd-b24b-43f7-93b9-5046de36a18a - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Bouchama, A.\rDehbi, M.\rMohamed, G.\rMatthies, F.\rShoukri, M.\rMenne, B." DOI: 10.1001/archinte.167.20.ira70009 ISSN: 1538-3679 Issue: 20 Journal: Archives of Internal Medicine Pages: 2170-2176 Title: 'Prognostic factors in heat wave-related deaths: A meta-analysis' Volume: 167 Year: 2007 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL"]' _record_number: 1326 _uuid: e7927819-0782-42ff-a491-6e125f61600e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1001/archinte.167.20.ira70009 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e7927819-0782-42ff-a491-6e125f61600e.yaml identifier: e7927819-0782-42ff-a491-6e125f61600e uri: /reference/e7927819-0782-42ff-a491-6e125f61600e - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Easterling, D.R.; J.R. Arnold; T. Knutson; K.E. Kunkel; A.N. LeGrande; L.R. Leung; R.S. Vose; D.E. Waliser; M.F. Wehner' Book Title: 'Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I' Chapter: 7 DOI: 10.7930/J0H993CC Editor: 'Wuebbles, D.J.; D.W. Fahey; K.A. Hibbard; D.J. Dokken; B.C. Stewart; T.K. Maycock' Pages: 207-230 Place Published: 'Washington, DC, USA' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: Precipitation Change in the United States Year: 2017 _record_number: 21565 _uuid: e8089a19-413e-4bc5-8c4a-7610399e268c reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/precipitation-change href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e8089a19-413e-4bc5-8c4a-7610399e268c.yaml identifier: e8089a19-413e-4bc5-8c4a-7610399e268c uri: /reference/e8089a19-413e-4bc5-8c4a-7610399e268c