--- - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Mao, Yixin; Nijssen, Bart; Lettenmaier, Dennis P.' DOI: 10.1002/2015GL063456 ISSN: 1944-8007 Issue: 8 Journal: Geophysical Research Letters Keywords: California drought; climate change; hydrologic model; 1812 Drought; 1807 Climate impacts; 1817 Extreme events; 1833 Hydroclimatology Pages: 2805-2813 Title: 'Is climate change implicated in the 2013–2014 California drought? A hydrologic perspective' Volume: 42 Year: 2015 _record_number: 19563 _uuid: 00530ebe-5a48-46de-bbd4-ace938dfd17c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1002/2015GL063456 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/00530ebe-5a48-46de-bbd4-ace938dfd17c.yaml identifier: 00530ebe-5a48-46de-bbd4-ace938dfd17c uri: /reference/00530ebe-5a48-46de-bbd4-ace938dfd17c - attrs: Abstract: 'The impacts of climate change on agriculture depend on local conditions and crops grown. For instance, warmer winter temperatures in a given area would reduce chill hours, potentially cutting yields for some crops but extending the growing season for others. Using a century of climate data and six decades of acreage data, we established quantitative economic relationships between the evolution of local climate and acreage of 12 important crops in Yolo County. We then used the historical trend in climate change to project future crop acreages in the county. Only marginal changes in acreage in 2050 were projected for tree and vine crops there, in part because chill hours, although lower, remained above critical values. Walnuts were the most vulnerable tree crop, and the projections indicated some cultivars might be marginal in years with particularly warm winters. Processing tomato acreage might increase, due to a longer growing season, and also alfalfa acreage, if water availability and other factors remain constant.' Author: 'Lee, Hyunok; Sumner, Daniel A.' DOI: 10.3733/ca.v070n01p9 ISSN: 0008-0845 Issue: 1 Journal: California Agriculture Pages: 9-14 Publisher: University of California Agriculture and Nature Resources Title: Modeling the effects of local climate change on crop acreage Volume: 70 Year: 2016 _record_number: 23808 _uuid: 0190c6b6-6e8c-4988-837a-b984e69b3dd9 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3733/ca.v070n01p9 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0190c6b6-6e8c-4988-837a-b984e69b3dd9.yaml identifier: 0190c6b6-6e8c-4988-837a-b984e69b3dd9 uri: /reference/0190c6b6-6e8c-4988-837a-b984e69b3dd9 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Moritz, C.\rPatton, J.L.\rConroy, C.J.\rParra, J.L.\rWhite, G.C.\rBeissinger, S.R." DOI: 10.1126/science.1163428 ISSN: 0036-8075 Issue: 5899 Journal: Science Pages: 261-264 Title: 'Impact of a century of climate change on small-mammal communities in Yosemite National Park, USA' Volume: 322 Year: 2008 _chapter: '["RF 10","Ch. 8: Ecosystems FINAL"]' _record_number: 2087 _uuid: 0327141f-d0f2-4c78-833d-61c47136242d reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1126/science.1163428 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0327141f-d0f2-4c78-833d-61c47136242d.yaml identifier: 0327141f-d0f2-4c78-833d-61c47136242d uri: /reference/0327141f-d0f2-4c78-833d-61c47136242d - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Raffa, K.F.\rAukema, B.H.\rBentz, B.J.\rCarroll, A.L.\rHicke, J.A.\rTurner, M.G.\rRomme, W.H." DOI: 10.1641/b580607 ISSN: 0006-3568 Issue: 6 Journal: BioScience Pages: 501-517 Title: 'Cross-scale drivers of natural disturbances prone to anthropogenic amplification: The dynamics of bark beetle eruptions' URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/10.1641/B580607.pdf Volume: 58 Year: 2008 _chapter: '["Ch. 20: Southwest FINAL","RF 10","Ch. 8: Ecosystems FINAL","RG 5 Southwest","Ch. 7: Forests FINAL"]' _record_number: 2572 _uuid: 0346508c-1b13-4e3e-a95d-33acaac2b2c1 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1641/b580607 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0346508c-1b13-4e3e-a95d-33acaac2b2c1.yaml identifier: 0346508c-1b13-4e3e-a95d-33acaac2b2c1 uri: /reference/0346508c-1b13-4e3e-a95d-33acaac2b2c1 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'NOAA,' Institution: 'National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Office of Coastal Management' Pages: 23 Place Published: 'Charleston, SC' Title: NOAA Report on the U.S. Ocean and Great Lakes Economy URL: https://coast.noaa.gov/digitalcoast/training/econreport.html Year: 2017 _record_number: 23932 _uuid: 0410a660-8ede-4bb2-a101-43fd6306a309 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/noaa-report-on-us-ocean-great-lakes-economy href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0410a660-8ede-4bb2-a101-43fd6306a309.yaml identifier: 0410a660-8ede-4bb2-a101-43fd6306a309 uri: /reference/0410a660-8ede-4bb2-a101-43fd6306a309 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Yurok Tribe,' Institution: Yurok Tribe Pages: 52 Place Published: '[Klamath, CA]' Title: 'Yurok Tribe Sustainable Forest Project: Climate Action Reserve (CAR) 777' URL: http://www.yuroktribe.org/departments/forestry/Documents/PDDCAR777v86-27-13.pdf Year: 2013 _record_number: 23897 _uuid: 04697d92-ed19-4fdc-95bf-4ee9f86aab8f reftype: Report child_publication: /report/yurok-tribe-sustainable-forest-project-climate-action-reserve-car-777 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/04697d92-ed19-4fdc-95bf-4ee9f86aab8f.yaml identifier: 04697d92-ed19-4fdc-95bf-4ee9f86aab8f uri: /reference/04697d92-ed19-4fdc-95bf-4ee9f86aab8f - attrs: Author: 'Calosi, Piero; Melatunan, Sedercor; Turner, Lucy M.; Artioli, Yuri; Davidson, Robert L.; Byrne, Jonathan J.; Viant, Mark R.; Widdicombe, Stephen; Rundle, Simon D.' DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13994 Date: 01/09/online Journal: Nature Communications Pages: 13994 Publisher: The Author(s) Title: Regional adaptation defines sensitivity to future ocean acidification Type of Article: Article Volume: 8 Year: 2017 _record_number: 23670 _uuid: 04a02114-e2b5-4c87-8c34-5658bc4f3c05 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/ncomms13994 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/04a02114-e2b5-4c87-8c34-5658bc4f3c05.yaml identifier: 04a02114-e2b5-4c87-8c34-5658bc4f3c05 uri: /reference/04a02114-e2b5-4c87-8c34-5658bc4f3c05 - attrs: Author: 'Ward, Frank A.; Crawford, Terry L.' DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.06.057 Date: 2016/09/01/ ISSN: 0022-1694 Journal: Journal of Hydrology Keywords: Food security; Climate; Irrigation; Institutions; Policy Pages: 757-773 Title: Economic performance of irrigation capacity development to adapt to climate in the American Southwest Volume: 540 Year: 2016 _record_number: 23881 _uuid: 050c3a3b-46fc-45cd-9632-87f781da2d2a reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.06.057 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/050c3a3b-46fc-45cd-9632-87f781da2d2a.yaml identifier: 050c3a3b-46fc-45cd-9632-87f781da2d2a uri: /reference/050c3a3b-46fc-45cd-9632-87f781da2d2a - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: 'U.S. Geological Survey,' Place Published: 'Reston, VA' Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Title: 'Gap Analysis Program (GAP): National Land Cover, Version 2.' URL: https://gapanalysis.usgs.gov/gaplandcover/data/ Year: 2011 _record_number: 23903 _uuid: 0570224a-81d6-4b91-8cc6-c645cfb7cf96 reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/8062bb62-9b6b-408a-9cff-b09b4a5c6b67 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0570224a-81d6-4b91-8cc6-c645cfb7cf96.yaml identifier: 0570224a-81d6-4b91-8cc6-c645cfb7cf96 uri: /reference/0570224a-81d6-4b91-8cc6-c645cfb7cf96 - attrs: Abstract: 'Climate change is causing increases in temperature, changes in precipitation and extreme weather events, sea-level rise, and other environmental impacts. It is also causing or contributing to heat-related disorders, respiratory and allergic disorders, infectious diseases, malnutrition due to food insecurity, and mental health disorders. In addition, increasing evidence indicates that climate change is causally associated with collective violence, generally in combination with other causal factors. Increased temperatures and extremes of precipitation with their associated consequences, including resultant scarcity of cropland and other key environmental resources, are major pathways by which climate change leads to collective violence. Public health professionals can help prevent collective violence due to climate change (a) by supporting mitigation measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, (b) by promoting adaptation measures to address the consequences of climate change and to improve community resilience, and (c) by addressing underlying risk factors for collective violence, such as poverty and socioeconomic disparities.' Author: 'Levy, Barry S.; Victor W. Sidel; Jonathan A. Patz' DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031816-044232 Issue: 1 Journal: Annual Review of Public Health Keywords: 'climate change,public health,collective violence,war,armed conflict' Pages: 241-257 Title: Climate change and collective violence Volume: 38 Year: 2017 _record_number: 25971 _uuid: 060faba7-2acb-4082-8ff6-5d1e1ebffbd1 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031816-044232 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/060faba7-2acb-4082-8ff6-5d1e1ebffbd1.yaml identifier: 060faba7-2acb-4082-8ff6-5d1e1ebffbd1 uri: /reference/060faba7-2acb-4082-8ff6-5d1e1ebffbd1 - attrs: Author: 'Stephens, Scott L.; Ruth, Lawrence W.' DOI: 10.1890/04-0545 ISSN: 1939-5582 Issue: 2 Journal: Ecological Applications Keywords: fire hazard; fire suppression; forest policy; fuels management; U.S. government policy; wildfire Pages: 532-542 Publisher: Ecological Society of America Title: Federal forest-fire policy in the United States Volume: 15 Year: 2005 _record_number: 23862 _uuid: 0663f8bd-4d46-4420-9555-95b752917ba6 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1890/04-0545 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0663f8bd-4d46-4420-9555-95b752917ba6.yaml identifier: 0663f8bd-4d46-4420-9555-95b752917ba6 uri: /reference/0663f8bd-4d46-4420-9555-95b752917ba6 - attrs: Abstract: 'Environmental justice is concerned with an equitable distribution of environmental burdens. These burdens comprise immediate health hazards as well as subtle inequities, such as limited access to healthy foods.We reviewed the literature on neighborhood disparities in access to fast-food outlets and convenience stores. Low-income neighborhoods offered greater access to food sources that promote unhealthy eating. The distribution of fast-food outlets and convenience stores differed by the racial/ethnic characteristics of the neighborhood.Further research is needed to address the limitations of current studies, identify effective policy actions to achieve environmental justice, and evaluate intervention strategies to promote lifelong healthy eating habits, optimum health, and vibrant communities.' Author: 'Hilmers, Angela; David C. Hilmers; Jayna Dave' DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2012.300865 Issue: 9 Journal: American Journal of Public Health Pages: 1644-1654 Title: Neighborhood disparities in access to healthy foods and their effects on environmental justice Volume: 102 Year: 2012 _record_number: 23778 _uuid: 071375c1-b1f9-4f23-8177-7736a404b2fb reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.2105/ajph.2012.300865 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/071375c1-b1f9-4f23-8177-7736a404b2fb.yaml identifier: 071375c1-b1f9-4f23-8177-7736a404b2fb uri: /reference/071375c1-b1f9-4f23-8177-7736a404b2fb - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Knutson, T.; J.P. Kossin; C. Mears; J. Perlwitz; M.F. Wehner' Book Title: 'Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I' DOI: 10.7930/J01834ND Editor: 'Wuebbles, D.J.; D.W. Fahey; K.A. Hibbard; D.J. Dokken; B.C. Stewart; T.K. Maycock' Pages: 114-132 Place Published: 'Washington, DC, USA' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: Detection and Attribution of Climate Change Year: 2017 _record_number: 21561 _uuid: 0725eae6-7458-4ec2-8f66-880d88118148 reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/climate-science-special-report/chapter/detection-attribution href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0725eae6-7458-4ec2-8f66-880d88118148.yaml identifier: 0725eae6-7458-4ec2-8f66-880d88118148 uri: /reference/0725eae6-7458-4ec2-8f66-880d88118148 - attrs: Abstract: 'This study used Landsat-based detection of spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis) outbreak over the years 2000–2014 across the Southern Rocky Mountain Ecoregion to examine the spatiotemporal patterns of outbreak and assess the influence of temperature, drought, forest characteristics, and previous spruce beetle activity on outbreak development. During the 1999–2013 period, time series of spruce beetle activity were highly spatially correlated (r > 0.5) at distances <5 km, but remained weakly correlated (r = 0.08) at distances >400 km. Furthermore, cluster analysis on time series of outbreak activity revealed the outbreak developed at multiple incipient locations and spread to unaffected forest, highlighting the importance of both local-scale dispersal and regional-scale drivers in synchronizing spruce beetle outbreak. Spatial overlay analysis and Random Forest modeling of outbreak development show that outbreaks initiate in areas characterized by summer, winter, and multi-year drought and that outbreak spread is strongly linked to the proximity and extent of nearby outbreak, but remains associated with drought. Notably, we find that spruce beetle outbreak is associated with low peak snow water equivalent, not just summer drought. As such, future alterations to both winter and summer precipitation regimes are likely to drive important changes in subalpine forests.' Author: 'Hart, Sarah J.; Veblen, Thomas T.; Schneider, Dominik; Molotch, Noah P.' DOI: 10.1002/ecy.1963 Issue: 10 Journal: Ecology Pages: 2698-2707 Title: Summer and winter drought drive the initiation and spread of spruce beetle outbreak Volume: 98 Year: 2017 _record_number: 25969 _uuid: 080da3ff-be19-4b7d-aa6b-e90a9ef452a5 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1002/ecy.1963 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/080da3ff-be19-4b7d-aa6b-e90a9ef452a5.yaml identifier: 080da3ff-be19-4b7d-aa6b-e90a9ef452a5 uri: /reference/080da3ff-be19-4b7d-aa6b-e90a9ef452a5 - attrs: Author: 'Alexander, M. A.; J. D. Scott; K. Friedland; K. E. Mills; J. A. Nye; A. J. Pershing; A. C. Thomas' DOI: 10.1525/elementa.191 Issue: 1 Journal: 'Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene' Pages: Art. 9 Title: 'Projected sea surface temperatures over the 21st century: Changes in the mean, variability and extremes for large marine ecosystem regions of Northern Oceans' Volume: 6 Year: 2018 _record_number: 21934 _uuid: 0826d3d5-2742-415f-a9de-3621c4b79442 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1525/elementa.191 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0826d3d5-2742-415f-a9de-3621c4b79442.yaml identifier: 0826d3d5-2742-415f-a9de-3621c4b79442 uri: /reference/0826d3d5-2742-415f-a9de-3621c4b79442 - attrs: Author: 'Hoover, David L.; Duniway, Michael C.; Belnap, Jayne' DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.12647 ISSN: 1365-2745 Issue: 1 Journal: Journal of Ecology Keywords: cold desert; dryland; ecophysiology; Hierarchical Response Framework; normalized difference vegetation index; photosynthesis; plant functional types; press; soil moisture dynamics Pages: 152-162 Title: Testing the apparent resistance of three dominant plants to chronic drought on the Colorado Plateau Volume: 105 Year: 2017 _record_number: 23783 _uuid: 0849170d-5e82-4d66-ab66-8a0fd28e4689 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/1365-2745.12647 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0849170d-5e82-4d66-ab66-8a0fd28e4689.yaml identifier: 0849170d-5e82-4d66-ab66-8a0fd28e4689 uri: /reference/0849170d-5e82-4d66-ab66-8a0fd28e4689 - attrs: Abstract: 'Rising sea levels are increasing the exposure of populations and infrastructure to coastal flooding. While earlier studies estimate magnitudes of future exposure or project rates of sea level rise, here, we estimate growth rates of exposure, likely to be a key factor in how effectively coastal communities can adapt. These rates may not correlate well with sea level rise rates due to varying patterns of topography and development. We integrate exposure assessments based on LiDAR elevation data with extreme flood event distributions and sea level rise projections to compute the expected annual exposure of population, housing, roads, and property value in 327 medium-to-large coastal municipalities circumscribing the contiguous USA, and identify those localities that could experience rapid exposure growth sometime this century. We define a rate threshold of 0.25% additive increase in expected annual exposure per year, based on its rarity of present-day exceedance. With unchecked carbon emissions under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5, the number of cities exceeding the threshold reaches 33 (18–59, 90% CI) by 2050 and 90 (22–196) by 2100, including the cities of Boston and Miami. Sharp cuts under RCP 2.6 limit the end-of-century total to 28 (12–105), versus a baseline of 7 cities in 2000. The methods and results presented here offer a new way to illustrate the consequences of different emission scenarios or mitigation efforts, and locally assess the urgency of coastal adaptation measures.' Author: 'Kulp, Scott; Strauss, Benjamin H.' DOI: 10.1007/s10584-017-1963-7 Date: June 01 ISSN: 1573-1480 Issue: 3 Journal: Climatic Change Pages: 477-489 Title: Rapid escalation of coastal flood exposure in US municipalities from sea level rise Type of Article: journal article Volume: 142 Year: 2017 _record_number: 23803 _uuid: 0970be4d-a14e-4d5f-8b4b-cdb76c5d202f reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10584-017-1963-7 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0970be4d-a14e-4d5f-8b4b-cdb76c5d202f.yaml identifier: 0970be4d-a14e-4d5f-8b4b-cdb76c5d202f uri: /reference/0970be4d-a14e-4d5f-8b4b-cdb76c5d202f - attrs: Author: 'Reichmuth, David S.; Lutz, Andrew E.; Manley, Dawn K.; Keller, Jay O.' DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.10.047 Date: 2013/01/24/ ISSN: 0360-3199 Issue: 2 Journal: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Keywords: Greenhouse gas emissions; Biofuels; Renewable hydrogen Pages: 1200-1208 Title: 'Comparison of the technical potential for hydrogen, battery electric, and conventional light-duty vehicles to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and petroleum consumption in the United States' Volume: 38 Year: 2013 _record_number: 26382 _uuid: 0994c5da-7592-4690-9bdb-44259208db6e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.10.047 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0994c5da-7592-4690-9bdb-44259208db6e.yaml identifier: 0994c5da-7592-4690-9bdb-44259208db6e uri: /reference/0994c5da-7592-4690-9bdb-44259208db6e - attrs: Abstract: "BACKGROUND: The observational evidence of the impacts of climate conditions on human health is accumulating. A variety of direct, indirect, and systemically mediated health effects have been identified. Excessive daily heat exposures create direct effects, such as heat stroke (and possibly death), reduce work productivity, and interfere with daily household activities. Extreme weather events, including storms, floods, and droughts, create direct injury risks and follow-on outbreaks of infectious diseases, lack of nutrition, and mental stress. Climate change will increase these direct health effects. Indirect effects include malnutrition and under-nutrition due to failing local agriculture, spread of vector-borne diseases and other infectious diseases, and mental health and other problems caused by forced migration from affected homes and workplaces. Examples of systemically mediated impacts on population health include famine, conflicts, and the consequences of large-scale adverse economic effects due to reduced human and environmental productivity. This article highlights links between climate change and non-communicable health problems, a major concern for global health beyond 2015. DISCUSSION: Detailed regional analysis of climate conditions clearly shows increasing temperatures in many parts of the world. Climate modelling indicates that by the year 2100 the global average temperature may have increased by 34 degrees C unless fundamental reductions in current global trends for greenhouse gas emissions are achieved. Given other unforeseeable environmental, social, demographic, and geopolitical changes that may occur in a plus-4-degree world, that scenario may comprise a largely uninhabitable world for millions of people and great social and military tensions. CONCLUSION: It is imperative that we identify actions and strategies that are effective in reducing these increasingly likely threats to health and well-being. The fundamental preventive strategy is, of course, climate change mitigation by significantly reducing global greenhouse gas emissions, especially long-acting carbon dioxide (CO(2)), and by increasing the uptake of CO(2) at the earth's surface. This involves urgent shifts in energy production from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources, energy conservation in building design and urban planning, and reduced waste of energy for transport, building heating/cooling, and agriculture. It would also involve shifts in agricultural production and food systems to reduce energy and water use particularly in meat production. There is also potential for prevention via mitigation, adaptation, or resilience building actions, but for the large populations in tropical countries, mitigation of climate change is required to achieve health protection solutions that will last." Author: 'Kjellstrom, T.; McMichael, A. J.' Author Address: 'Division of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umea Centre for Global Health Research, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. kjellstromt@yahoo.com' DOI: 10.3402/gha.v6i0.20816 Database Provider: CCII PubMed NLM EPub Date: 2013/04/09 ISSN: "1654-9880 (Electronic)\r1654-9880 (Linking)" Journal: Global Health Action Keywords: 'Climate Change; Environment; Environmental Policy; Health Status; Humans; Models, Statistical; Socioeconomic Factors' Language: eng NIHMSID: ' NIEHS' Name of Database: ' ' Notes: "Kjellstrom, Tord\rMcMichael, Anthony J\rResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't\rSweden\rGlob Health Action. 2013 Apr 3;6:20816. doi: 10.3402/gha.v6i0.20816." PMCID: 3617647 Pages: 20816 Research Notes: 'CCII Unique - PDF retrieved ' Title: 'Climate change threats to population health and well-being: The imperative of protective solutions that will last' Volume: 6 Year: 2013 _record_number: 4663 _uuid: 0a83bef6-18cb-4d69-88b2-df4834172670 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3402/gha.v6i0.20816 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0a83bef6-18cb-4d69-88b2-df4834172670.yaml identifier: 0a83bef6-18cb-4d69-88b2-df4834172670 uri: /reference/0a83bef6-18cb-4d69-88b2-df4834172670 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Average annual absolute minimum temperatures (TN n ) provide a means of delineating agriculturally relevant climate zones and are used to define cold hardiness zones (CHZ) by the United States Department of Agriculture. Projected changes in TN n , mean winter minimum temperatures, and CHZs over the conterminous United States (CONUS) were assessed using an ensemble of statistically downscaled daily climate model output through the mid 21st century (2041–2070). Warming of TN n is on average ∼40% greater than that of mean winter minimum temperatures across CONUS with an average climate velocity of 21.4 km decade −1 resulting in widespread shifts in CHZs. These changes enable a geographic expansion of thermally suitable areas for the cultivation of cold-intolerant perennial agriculture including almond, kiwi, and orange crops. Beyond these crops, warming of TN n has broad implications for food security and biotic interactions.' Author: Lauren E. Parker; John T. Abatzoglou DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/11/3/034001 ISSN: 1748-9326 Issue: 3 Journal: Environmental Research Letters Pages: 034001 Title: Projected changes in cold hardiness zones and suitable overwinter ranges of perennial crops over the United States Volume: 11 Year: 2016 _record_number: 19787 _uuid: 0a8508df-df59-4080-89a2-52bfeaca47e0 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1088/1748-9326/11/3/034001 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/0a8508df-df59-4080-89a2-52bfeaca47e0.yaml identifier: 0a8508df-df59-4080-89a2-52bfeaca47e0 uri: /reference/0a8508df-df59-4080-89a2-52bfeaca47e0