--- - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'EIA,' Institution: U.S. Energy Information Administration Notes: 'Broader web site: ' Pages: 1 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Title: 'State Energy Data System (SEDS): 1960-2015. Table P2. Primary Energy Production Estimates in Trillion Btu, 2015.' URL: https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/sep_prod/pdf/P2.pdf Year: 2017 _record_number: 23905 _uuid: ab3cc54d-c74f-4a6d-8746-efa051c2e97e reftype: Report child_publication: /report/state-energy-data-system-seds-1960-2015-table-p2-primary-energy-production-estimates-trillion-btu-2015 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ab3cc54d-c74f-4a6d-8746-efa051c2e97e.yaml identifier: ab3cc54d-c74f-4a6d-8746-efa051c2e97e uri: /reference/ab3cc54d-c74f-4a6d-8746-efa051c2e97e - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Kunkel, Ken; R. Frankson; Jennifer Runkle; Sarah Champion; Laura Stevens; David Easterling; Brooke Stewart ' Institution: 'National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Centers for Environmental Information' Pages: '[various]' Place Published: 'Asheville, NC' Series Volume: NOAA Technical Report NESDIS 149 Title: State Climate Summaries for the United States URL: https://statesummaries.ncics.org/ Year: 2017 _record_number: 23940 _uuid: acbb7b12-c119-4c42-8a80-c2555964db4c reftype: Report child_publication: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/acbb7b12-c119-4c42-8a80-c2555964db4c.yaml identifier: acbb7b12-c119-4c42-8a80-c2555964db4c uri: /reference/acbb7b12-c119-4c42-8a80-c2555964db4c - attrs: Abstract: 'Forests are major components of the carbon cycle, and disturbances are important influences of forest carbon. Our objective was to contribute to the understanding of forest carbon cycling by quantifying the amount of carbon in trees killed by two disturbance types, fires and bark beetles, in the western United States in recent decades. We combined existing spatial data sets of forest biomass, burn severity, and beetle-caused tree mortality to estimate the amount of aboveground and belowground carbon in killed trees across the region. We found that during 1984–2010, fires killed trees that contained 5–11 Tg C year −1 and during 1997–2010, beetles killed trees that contained 2–24 Tg C year −1 , with more trees killed since 2000 than in earlier periods. Over their periods of record, amounts of carbon in trees killed by fires and by beetle outbreaks were similar, and together these disturbances killed trees representing 9% of the total tree carbon in western forests, a similar amount to harvesting. Fires killed more trees in lower-elevation forest types such as Douglas-fir than higher-elevation forest types, whereas bark beetle outbreaks also killed trees in higher-elevation forest types such as lodgepole pine and Engelmann spruce. Over 15% of the carbon in lodgepole pine and spruce/fir forest types was in trees killed by beetle outbreaks; other forest types had 5–10% of the carbon in killed trees. Our results document the importance of these natural disturbances in the carbon budget of the western United States.' Author: 'Hicke, Jeffrey A.; Arjan J. H. Meddens; Craig D. Allen; Crystal A. Kolden' DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035032 ISSN: 1748-9326 Issue: 3 Journal: Environmental Research Letters Pages: 035032 Title: Carbon stocks of trees killed by bark beetles and wildfire in the western United States Volume: 8 Year: 2013 _record_number: 25158 _uuid: ad121807-c933-445c-ac86-eb346f6177d1 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035032 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ad121807-c933-445c-ac86-eb346f6177d1.yaml identifier: ad121807-c933-445c-ac86-eb346f6177d1 uri: /reference/ad121807-c933-445c-ac86-eb346f6177d1 - attrs: Abstract: 'Electricity from fossil fuels contributes substantially to both climate change and the health burden of air pollution. Renewable energy sources are capable of displacing electricity from fossil fuels, but the quantity of health and climate benefits depend on site-specific attributes that are not often included in quantitative models. Here, we link an electrical grid simulation model to an air pollution health impact assessment model and US regulatory estimates of the impacts of carbon to estimate the health and climate benefits of offshore wind facilities of different sizes in two different locations. We find that offshore wind in the Mid-Atlantic is capable of producing health and climate benefits of between $54 and $120 per MWh of generation, with the largest simulated facility (3000 MW off the coast of New Jersey) producing approximately $690 million in benefits in 2017. The variability in benefits per unit generation is a function of differences in locations (Maryland versus New Jersey), simulated years (2012 versus 2017), and facility generation capacity, given complexities of the electrical grid and differences in which power plants are offset. This work demonstrates health and climate benefits of offshore wind, provides further evidence of the utility of geographically-refined modeling frameworks, and yields quantitative insights that would allow for inclusion of both climate and public health in benefits assessments of renewable energy.' Author: 'Buonocore, Jonathan J.; Patrick Luckow; Jeremy Fisher; Willett Kempton; Jonathan I. Levy' DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/11/7/074019 ISSN: 1748-9326 Issue: 7 Journal: Environmental Research Letters Pages: 074019 Title: Health and climate benefits of offshore wind facilities in the Mid-Atlantic United States Volume: 11 Year: 2016 _record_number: 23668 _uuid: ad2129d6-f01f-48e3-afb5-24fd1385d1c7 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1088/1748-9326/11/7/074019 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ad2129d6-f01f-48e3-afb5-24fd1385d1c7.yaml identifier: ad2129d6-f01f-48e3-afb5-24fd1385d1c7 uri: /reference/ad2129d6-f01f-48e3-afb5-24fd1385d1c7 - attrs: Author: 'Pinsky, Malin L.; Nathan J. Mantua' DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2014.93 Issue: 4 Journal: Oceanography Pages: 146-159 Title: Emerging adaptation approaches for climate-ready fisheries management Volume: 27 Year: 2014 _record_number: 21721 _uuid: ad9cbd45-a115-4a2a-9e9f-9ed17a171a8b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.5670/oceanog.2014.93 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ad9cbd45-a115-4a2a-9e9f-9ed17a171a8b.yaml identifier: ad9cbd45-a115-4a2a-9e9f-9ed17a171a8b uri: /reference/ad9cbd45-a115-4a2a-9e9f-9ed17a171a8b - attrs: Abstract: 'Iconic sagebrush ecosystems of the American West are threatened by larger and more frequent wildfires that can kill sagebrush and facilitate invasion by annual grasses, creating a cycle that alters sagebrush ecosystem recovery post disturbance. Thwarting this accelerated grass–fire cycle is at the forefront of current national conservation efforts, yet its impacts on wildlife populations inhabiting these ecosystems have not been quantified rigorously. Within a Bayesian framework, we modeled 30 y of wildfire and climatic effects on population rates of change of a sagebrush-obligate species, the greater sage-grouse, across the Great Basin of western North America. Importantly, our modeling also accounted for variation in sagebrush recovery time post fire as determined by underlying soil properties that influence ecosystem resilience to disturbance and resistance to invasion. Our results demonstrate that the cumulative loss of sagebrush to direct and indirect effects of wildfire has contributed strongly to declining sage-grouse populations over the past 30 y at large spatial scales. Moreover, long-lasting effects from wildfire nullified pulses of sage-grouse population growth that typically follow years of higher precipitation. If wildfire trends continue unabated, model projections indicate sage-grouse populations will be reduced to 43% of their current numbers over the next three decades. Our results provide a timely example of how altered fire regimes are disrupting recovery of sagebrush ecosystems and leading to substantial declines of a widespread indicator species. Accordingly, we present scenario-based stochastic projections to inform conservation actions that may help offset the adverse effects of wildfire on sage-grouse and other wildlife populations.' Author: 'Coates, Peter S.; Ricca, Mark A.; Prochazka, Brian G.; Brooks, Matthew L.; Doherty, Kevin E.; Kroger, Travis; Blomberg, Erik J.; Hagen, Christian A.; Casazza, Michael L.' DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1606898113 Date: 'November 8, 2016' Issue: 45 Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Pages: 12745-12750 Title: 'Wildfire, climate, and invasive grass interactions negatively impact an indicator species by reshaping sagebrush ecosystems' Volume: 113 Year: 2016 _record_number: 23745 _uuid: adc9b4b4-16db-4fa7-a0f0-316d3ce57bc9 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.1606898113 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/adc9b4b4-16db-4fa7-a0f0-316d3ce57bc9.yaml identifier: adc9b4b4-16db-4fa7-a0f0-316d3ce57bc9 uri: /reference/adc9b4b4-16db-4fa7-a0f0-316d3ce57bc9 - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: 'U.S. Census Bureau,' Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: 'U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division' Title: 'Monthly Population Estimates for the United States: April 1, 2010 to December 1, 2017' URL: https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk Year: 2017 _record_number: 23909 _uuid: ae79c7c9-ca88-4308-9641-d90760627655 reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/2d1134d4-fa62-45a8-8777-fc34ee2b22bb href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ae79c7c9-ca88-4308-9641-d90760627655.yaml identifier: ae79c7c9-ca88-4308-9641-d90760627655 uri: /reference/ae79c7c9-ca88-4308-9641-d90760627655 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Meko, D.M.\rWoodhouse, C.A.\rBaisan, C.A.\rKnight, T.\rLukas, J.J.\rHughes, M.K.\rSalzer, M.W." DOI: 10.1029/2007GL029988 ISSN: 0094-8276 Issue: 10 Journal: Geophysical Research Letters Pages: L10705 Title: Medieval drought in the upper Colorado River Basin URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2007GL029988/pdf Volume: 34 Year: 2007 _chapter: '["Ch. 20: Southwest FINAL","Ch. 3: Water Resources FINAL"]' _record_number: 1989 _uuid: ae89341b-b4bb-4d20-8ebc-20965f751c31 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1029/2007GL029988 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ae89341b-b4bb-4d20-8ebc-20965f751c31.yaml identifier: ae89341b-b4bb-4d20-8ebc-20965f751c31 uri: /reference/ae89341b-b4bb-4d20-8ebc-20965f751c31 - attrs: Author: 'Wilder, Margaret; Liverman, Diana; Bellante, Laurel; Osborne, Tracey' DOI: 10.1080/13549839.2015.1116063 Date: 2016/11/01 ISSN: 1354-9839 Issue: 11 Journal: Local Environment Pages: 1332-1353 Publisher: Routledge Title: 'Southwest climate gap: Poverty and environmental justice in the US Southwest' Volume: 21 Year: 2016 _record_number: 23885 _uuid: aec88eca-4b4e-4fa9-9b61-10f8d965b70d reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1080/13549839.2015.1116063 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/aec88eca-4b4e-4fa9-9b61-10f8d965b70d.yaml identifier: aec88eca-4b4e-4fa9-9b61-10f8d965b70d uri: /reference/aec88eca-4b4e-4fa9-9b61-10f8d965b70d - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Willliams, Thomas H.; Brian C. Spence; David A. Boughton; Rachel C. Johnson; Lisa G. Crozier; Nathan J. Mantua; Michael R. O’Farrell; Steven T. Lindley' DOI: '10.7289/V5/TM-SWFSC-564 ' Institution: NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Pages: 152 Place Published: 'La Jolla, CA' Report Number: NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-564 Title: 'Viability assessment for Pacific salmon and steelhead listed under the Endangered Species Act: Southwest' Year: 2016 _record_number: 26395 _uuid: af3c2919-473d-4652-bc86-f84b46d282e7 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/viability-assessment-pacific-salmon-steelhead-listed-under-endangered-species-act-southwest href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/af3c2919-473d-4652-bc86-f84b46d282e7.yaml identifier: af3c2919-473d-4652-bc86-f84b46d282e7 uri: /reference/af3c2919-473d-4652-bc86-f84b46d282e7 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Norris, Tina; Paula L. Vines; Elizabeth M. Hoeffel ' Institution: U.S. Census Bureau Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Series Title: 2010 Census Briefs Series Volume: C2010BR-10 Title: 'The American Indian and Alaska Native Population: 2010' URL: https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2012/dec/c2010br-10.html Year: 2012 _record_number: 23910 _uuid: afd45a07-16bd-4520-943f-c2d766561b47 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/census-c2012br-10 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/afd45a07-16bd-4520-943f-c2d766561b47.yaml identifier: afd45a07-16bd-4520-943f-c2d766561b47 uri: /reference/afd45a07-16bd-4520-943f-c2d766561b47 - attrs: Abstract: 'The Southwestern United States has a greater vulnerability to climate change impacts on water security due to a reliance on snowmelt driven imported water. The State of California, which is the most populous and agriculturally productive in the United States, depends on an extensive artificial water storage and conveyance system primarily for irrigated agriculture, municipal and industrial supply and hydropower generation. Here we take an integrative high-resolution ensemble modeling approach to examine near term climate change impacts on all imported and local sources of water supply to Southern California. While annual precipitation is projected to remain the same or slightly increase, rising temperatures result in a shift towards more rainfall, reduced cold season snowpack and earlier snowmelt. Associated with these hydrological changes are substantial increases in the frequency and the intensity of both drier conditions and flooding events. The 50 year extreme daily maximum precipitation and runoff events are 1.5–6 times more likely to occur depending on the water supply basin. Simultaneously, a clear deficit in total annual runoff over mountainous snow generating regions like the Sierra Nevada is projected. On one hand, the greater probability of drought decreases imported water supply availability. On the other hand, earlier snowmelt and significantly stronger winter precipitation events pose increased flood risk requiring water releases from control reservoirs, which may potentially decrease water availability outside of the wet season. Lack of timely local water resource expansion coupled with projected climate changes and population increases may leave the area in extended periods of shortages.' Author: 'Pagán, Brianna R.; Moetasim Ashfaq; Deeksha Rastogi; Donald R. Kendall; Shih-Chieh Kao; Bibi S. Naz; Rui Mei; Jeremy S. Pal' DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/11/9/094026 ISSN: 1748-9326 Issue: 9 Journal: Environmental Research Letters Pages: 094026 Title: Extreme hydrological changes in the southwestern US drive reductions in water supply to Southern California by mid century Volume: 11 Year: 2016 _record_number: 23688 _uuid: b0083a29-7ccc-4ec4-ab0e-07ec7fad2838 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1088/1748-9326/11/9/094026 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b0083a29-7ccc-4ec4-ab0e-07ec7fad2838.yaml identifier: b0083a29-7ccc-4ec4-ab0e-07ec7fad2838 uri: /reference/b0083a29-7ccc-4ec4-ab0e-07ec7fad2838 - attrs: Author: 'Murphy, Lindsay' ISSN: 0094-002X Issue: 1 Journal: American Indian Law Review Pages: 173-187 Title: 'Death of a monster: Laws may finally kill Gila River adjudication' URL: 'http://www.jstor.org/stable/20171718; ' Volume: 28 Year: 2003 _record_number: 23833 _uuid: b0365f5c-39c7-4713-99cd-f6bd332a955e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/death-monster-laws-may-finally-kill-gila-river-adjudication href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b0365f5c-39c7-4713-99cd-f6bd332a955e.yaml identifier: b0365f5c-39c7-4713-99cd-f6bd332a955e uri: /reference/b0365f5c-39c7-4713-99cd-f6bd332a955e - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Brown, Heidi E.; Andrew C. Comrie; James Tamerius; Mohammed Khan; Joseph A.Tabor; John N. Galgiani' Book Title: The Influence of Global Environmental Change on Infectious Disease Dynamics Editor: 'Institute of Medicine,' ISBN: 978-0-309-30499-3 Pages: 266-281 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: National Academies Press Title: 'Climate, windstorms, and the risk of valley fever (Coccidioidomycosis)' Year: 2014 _record_number: 23735 _uuid: b262f5a3-6d59-4902-ba8e-04427593dabd reftype: Book Section child_publication: /book/283f5a15-2280-4532-ae0b-bf424efbc1ef href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b262f5a3-6d59-4902-ba8e-04427593dabd.yaml identifier: b262f5a3-6d59-4902-ba8e-04427593dabd uri: /reference/b262f5a3-6d59-4902-ba8e-04427593dabd - attrs: Article Number: e01673 Author: 'Maher, Sean P.; Morelli, Toni Lyn; Hershey, Michelle; Flint, Alan L.; Flint, Lorraine E.; Moritz, Craig; Beissinger, Steven R.' DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1673 ISSN: 2150-8925 Issue: 4 Journal: Ecosphere Keywords: Circuitscape; climate; connectivity; conservation; dispersal; meadows; refugia Pages: e01673 Title: Erosion of refugia in the Sierra Nevada meadows network with climate change Volume: 8 Year: 2017 _record_number: 23683 _uuid: b284e9ea-c2d2-446b-9ba3-c5ada472ee0c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1002/ecs2.1673 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b284e9ea-c2d2-446b-9ba3-c5ada472ee0c.yaml identifier: b284e9ea-c2d2-446b-9ba3-c5ada472ee0c uri: /reference/b284e9ea-c2d2-446b-9ba3-c5ada472ee0c - attrs: Author: 'Ulmer, Jared M.; Wolf, Kathleen L.; Backman, Desiree R.; Tretheway, Raymond L.; Blain, Cynthia J. A.; O’Neil-Dunne, Jarlath P. M.; Frank, Lawrence D.' DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.08.011 Date: 2016/11/01/ ISSN: 1353-8292 Journal: Health & Place Keywords: Tree canopy; Urban forest; Built environment; General health; Obesity; Psychosocial Pages: 54-62 Title: 'Multiple health benefits of urban tree canopy: The mounting evidence for a green prescription' Volume: 42 Year: 2016 _record_number: 25989 _uuid: b2f8766b-9927-4e29-9b8d-3d2031cf7550 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.08.011 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b2f8766b-9927-4e29-9b8d-3d2031cf7550.yaml identifier: b2f8766b-9927-4e29-9b8d-3d2031cf7550 uri: /reference/b2f8766b-9927-4e29-9b8d-3d2031cf7550 - attrs: Author: 'Norgaard, Kari Marie' ISSN: 0160-4341 Journal: Humboldt Journal of Social Relations Pages: 77-101 Title: The politics of fire and the social impacts of fire exclusion on the Klamath URL: 'http://www.jstor.org/stable/humjsocrel.36.77; ' Volume: 36 Year: 2014 _record_number: 23836 _uuid: b3886cc0-6488-4124-9fb3-a71c7f04bd50 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/politics-fire-social-impacts-fire-exclusion-on-klamath href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b3886cc0-6488-4124-9fb3-a71c7f04bd50.yaml identifier: b3886cc0-6488-4124-9fb3-a71c7f04bd50 uri: /reference/b3886cc0-6488-4124-9fb3-a71c7f04bd50 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'McMichael, A. J.' Author Address: 'National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia. tony.mcmichael@anu.edu.au' DOI: 10.1056/NEJMra1109341 Date: Apr 4 ISSN: 1533-4406 Issue: 14 Journal: New England Journal of Medicine Keywords: Climate Change; Environment; Health; Humans; Internationality; Population Growth; Urbanization Language: eng Notes: 'McMichael, Anthony J United States N Engl J Med. 2013 Apr 4;368(14):1335-43. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1109341.' Pages: 1335-1343 Title: 'Globalization, climate change, and human health' Volume: 368 Year: 2013 _record_number: 4825 _uuid: b3a14272-c3f4-4226-a196-afc0d0992306 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1056/NEJMra1109341 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b3a14272-c3f4-4226-a196-afc0d0992306.yaml identifier: b3a14272-c3f4-4226-a196-afc0d0992306 uri: /reference/b3a14272-c3f4-4226-a196-afc0d0992306 - attrs: Abstract: 'Heat waves kill more people in the United States than hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes, and floods combined. Recently, international attention focused on the linkages and impacts of human health vulnerability to urban climate when Western Europe experienced over 30,000 excess deaths during the heat waves of the summer of 2003—surpassing the 1995 heat wave in Chicago, Illinois, that killed 739. While Europe dealt with heat waves, in the United States, Phoenix, Arizona, established a new all-time high minimum temperature for the region on July 15, 2003. The low temperature of 35.5°C (96°F) was recorded, breaking the previous all-time high minimum temperature record of 33.8°C (93°F). While an extensive literature on heat-related mortality exists, greater understanding of influences of heat-related morbidity is required due to climate change and rapid urbanization influences. We undertook an analysis of 6 years (2001–2006) of heat-related dispatches through the Phoenix Fire Department regional dispatch center to examine temporal, climatic and other non-spatial influences contributing to high-heat-related medical dispatch events. The findings identified that there were no significant variations in day-of-week dispatch events. The greatest incidence of heat-related medical dispatches occurred between the times of peak solar irradiance and maximum diurnal temperature, and during times of elevated human comfort indices (combined temperature and relative humidity).' Author: 'Golden, Jay S.; Hartz, Donna; Brazel, Anthony; Luber, George; Phelan, Patrick' DOI: 10.1007/s00484-007-0142-3 Date: July 01 ISSN: 1432-1254 Issue: 6 Journal: International Journal of Biometeorology Pages: 471-480 Title: A biometeorology study of climate and heat-related morbidity in Phoenix from 2001 to 2006 Type of Article: journal article Volume: 52 Year: 2008 _record_number: 23769 _uuid: b3e00a14-a876-44fa-9c1f-836bd53a7f69 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s00484-007-0142-3 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b3e00a14-a876-44fa-9c1f-836bd53a7f69.yaml identifier: b3e00a14-a876-44fa-9c1f-836bd53a7f69 uri: /reference/b3e00a14-a876-44fa-9c1f-836bd53a7f69 - attrs: Author: 'Bednaršek, N.; Feely, R. A.; Tolimieri, N.; Hermann, A. J.; Siedlecki, S. A.; Waldbusser, G. G.; McElhany, P.; Alin, S. R.; Klinger, T.; Moore-Maley, B.; Pörtner, H. O.' DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03934-z Date: 2017/07/03 ISSN: 2045-2322 Issue: 1 Journal: Scientific Reports Pages: 4526 Title: Exposure history determines pteropod vulnerability to ocean acidification along the US West Coast Volume: 7 Year: 2017 _record_number: 22172 _uuid: b40433f3-51a0-4191-b35c-a682aca84982 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/s41598-017-03934-z href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b40433f3-51a0-4191-b35c-a682aca84982.yaml identifier: b40433f3-51a0-4191-b35c-a682aca84982 uri: /reference/b40433f3-51a0-4191-b35c-a682aca84982 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Salmon Technical Team (STT),' Institution: Pacific Fishery Management Council Pages: 343 Place Published: 'Portland, OR' Title: Review of 2016 Ocean Salmon Fisheries. Stock Assessment and Fishery Evaluation (SAFE) document URL: https://www.pcouncil.org/salmon/stock-assessment-and-fishery-evaluation-safe-documents/review-of-2016-ocean-salmon-fisheries/ Year: 2017 _record_number: 23927 _uuid: b418c56e-b3b2-4a0f-a055-f4846cc57faa reftype: Report child_publication: /report/review-2016-ocean-salmon-fisheries-stock-assessment-fishery-evaluation-safe-document href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b418c56e-b3b2-4a0f-a055-f4846cc57faa.yaml identifier: b418c56e-b3b2-4a0f-a055-f4846cc57faa uri: /reference/b418c56e-b3b2-4a0f-a055-f4846cc57faa - attrs: Abstract: 'Southwestern North America (SWNA) is projected to become drier in the twenty-first century as both precipitation (P) and evaporation (E) rates change with increasing greenhouse gas concentration. The authors diagnose the relative contributions of changes in P and E to the local surface moisture balance (P − E) in cold and warm halves of the year across SWNA. Trends in P − E vary spatially between the arid southern subregion (mostly northern Mexico) and the more temperate northern subregion (southwest United States), although both subregions exhibit a negative trend in P − E (trending toward more arid conditions) in CMIP5 projections for the twenty-first century. The P − E trend is biggest in the cold season, when much of the base flow to rivers in the southwest United States is generated. The downward trend in cold season P − E across SWNA is caused primarily by increasing E in the north and decreasing P in the south. Decreasing P is the primary contributor to modest warm season drying trends in both northern and southern subregions. Also, P accounts for most of the interannual variability in SWNA P − E and is strongly correlated with modes of oceanic natural variability during the cold season. SWNA aridification is therefore most readily distinguished from the region’s large natural climate variability in the cold season in the northern subregion, where the projected temperature-driven increase in E is greater than the projected decrease in P.' Author: 'Jones, Shannon M.; David S. Gutzler' DOI: 10.1175/jcli-d-14-00852.1 Issue: 12 Journal: Journal of Climate Keywords: 'Geographic location/entity,North America,Physical Meteorology and Climatology,Climate change,Water budget,Models and modeling,Climate models,Variability,Interannual variability,Trends' Pages: 4637-4649 Title: Spatial and seasonal variations in aridification across southwest North America Volume: 29 Year: 2016 _record_number: 23797 _uuid: b4678125-72a3-4c14-8159-b5c18ca2b38b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00852.1 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b4678125-72a3-4c14-8159-b5c18ca2b38b.yaml identifier: b4678125-72a3-4c14-8159-b5c18ca2b38b uri: /reference/b4678125-72a3-4c14-8159-b5c18ca2b38b - attrs: Author: 'Coopersmith, E. J.; Bell, J. E.; Benedict, K.; Shriber, J.; McCotter, O.; Cosh, M. H.' DOI: 10.1002/2016GH000033 ISSN: 2471-1403 Issue: 1 Journal: GeoHealth Keywords: 'coccidioidomycosis; valley fever; soil moisture; machine learning; modeling; 1719 Hydrology; 1866 Soil moisture; 1894 Instruments and techniques: modeling; 1984 Statistical methods: Descriptive; 1914 Data mining' Pages: 51-63 Title: Relating coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) incidence to soil moisture conditions Volume: 1 Year: 2017 _record_number: 24132 _uuid: b4d1a19f-d19a-4a91-99f9-c1680ef0a4ad reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1002/2016GH000033 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b4d1a19f-d19a-4a91-99f9-c1680ef0a4ad.yaml identifier: b4d1a19f-d19a-4a91-99f9-c1680ef0a4ad uri: /reference/b4d1a19f-d19a-4a91-99f9-c1680ef0a4ad - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Bureau of Reclamation,' Institution: 'U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Upper Colorado Region' Notes: "URL isn't full report--appendices separate files. No common web site. See right column of " Pages: 138+ Title: 'West-Wide Climate Risk Assessment: Upper Rio Grande Impact Assessment' URL: https://www.usbr.gov/watersmart/wcra/docs/urgia/URGIAMainReport.pdf Year: 2013 _record_number: 23914 _uuid: b4d365c7-b6ca-4b95-86f7-e7f7402ff508 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/west-wide-climate-risk-assessment-upper-rio-grande-impact-assessment href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b4d365c7-b6ca-4b95-86f7-e7f7402ff508.yaml identifier: b4d365c7-b6ca-4b95-86f7-e7f7402ff508 uri: /reference/b4d365c7-b6ca-4b95-86f7-e7f7402ff508