--- - attrs: Name of Act: National Goals and Performance Management Measures Sections: 150 URL: http://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=(title:23%20section:150%20edition:prelim _record_number: 26147 _uuid: c12d5f3d-a18a-4177-b975-657e968f1b47 reftype: Statute child_publication: /generic/cf0d5638-f563-43af-9a92-3face287bbbc href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c12d5f3d-a18a-4177-b975-657e968f1b47.yaml identifier: c12d5f3d-a18a-4177-b975-657e968f1b47 uri: /reference/c12d5f3d-a18a-4177-b975-657e968f1b47 - attrs: .reference_type: 47 Author: 'Evans, Christopher; Angela Wong; Cassandra Snow; Anne Choate; Beth Rodehorst' Conference Location: 'Long Beach, CA' Conference Name: 'International Conference on Sustainable Infrastructure 2014: Creating Infrastructure for a Sustainable World' DOI: 10.1061/9780784478745.019 Date: November 6-8 Editor: John Crittenden; Chris Hendrickson; Bill Wallace Pages: 215-228 Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers Title: Indicator-based vulnerability screening for improving infrastructure resilience to climate change risks Year: 2014 _record_number: 24592 _uuid: c28aaa0a-1a2c-4cbf-84c7-c8cfa2e1ddbf reftype: Conference Paper child_publication: /generic/f7207b82-ebd4-40dc-a5a3-9b1725cb0f28 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c28aaa0a-1a2c-4cbf-84c7-c8cfa2e1ddbf.yaml identifier: c28aaa0a-1a2c-4cbf-84c7-c8cfa2e1ddbf uri: /reference/c28aaa0a-1a2c-4cbf-84c7-c8cfa2e1ddbf - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Douglass, Scott L.; Webb, Bret M.; Kilgore, Roger' Institution: 'Federal Highway Administration, Office of Bridge Technology' Pages: 123 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Series Volume: FHWA-NHI-14-006 Title: 'Highways in the Coastal Environment: Assessing Extreme Events: Volume 2 (Hydraulic Engineering Circular No. 25–Volume 2)' URL: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/engineering/hydraulics/library_arc.cfm?pub_number=192&id=158 Year: 2014 _record_number: 24544 _uuid: c4151050-1289-41b6-a2ac-b760afe3c98b reftype: Report child_publication: /report/highways-coastal-environment-assessing-extreme-events-volume-2-hydraulic-engineering-circular-no-25volume-2 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c4151050-1289-41b6-a2ac-b760afe3c98b.yaml identifier: c4151050-1289-41b6-a2ac-b760afe3c98b uri: /reference/c4151050-1289-41b6-a2ac-b760afe3c98b - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Hodges, Tina' Date: August 2011 Institution: 'Federal Transit Administration, Office of Research, Demonstration and Innovation, U.S. Department of Transportation ' Pages: 128 Title: 'Flooded Bus Barns and Buckled Rails: Public Transportation and Climate Change Adaptation. FTA Report No. 0001 ' URL: http://www.fta.dot.gov/documents/FTA_0001_-_Flooded_Bus_Barns_and_Buckled_Rails.pdf Year: 2011 _chapter: '["Ch. 5: Transportation FINAL","Ch. 17: Southeast and Caribbean FINAL"]' _record_number: 3929 _uuid: c41596dd-67b3-460a-8e7c-5b9e5c2a986a reftype: Report child_publication: /report/fta-report-0001 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c41596dd-67b3-460a-8e7c-5b9e5c2a986a.yaml identifier: c41596dd-67b3-460a-8e7c-5b9e5c2a986a uri: /reference/c41596dd-67b3-460a-8e7c-5b9e5c2a986a - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Sweet, W.V.; R.E. Kopp; C.P. Weaver; J. Obeysekera; R.M. Horton; E.R. Thieler; C. Zervas ' Pages: 75 Place Published: 'Silver Spring, MD' Publisher: 'National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service' Series Volume: NOAA Tech. Rep. NOS CO-OPS 083 Title: Global and Regional Sea Level Rise Scenarios for the United States URL: https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/publications/techrpt83_Global_and_Regional_SLR_Scenarios_for_the_US_final.pdf Year: 2017 _record_number: 20608 _uuid: c66bf5a9-a6d7-4043-ad99-db0ae6ae562c reftype: Report child_publication: /report/global-regional-sea-level-rise-scenarios-united-states href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c66bf5a9-a6d7-4043-ad99-db0ae6ae562c.yaml identifier: c66bf5a9-a6d7-4043-ad99-db0ae6ae562c uri: /reference/c66bf5a9-a6d7-4043-ad99-db0ae6ae562c - attrs: Author: 'Flint, Madeleine M.; Oliver Fringer; Sarah L. Billington; David Freyberg; Noah S. Diffenbaugh' DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000354 Issue: 3 Journal: Journal of Infrastructure Systems Pages: 04017005 Title: Historical analysis of hydraulic bridge collapses in the continental United States Volume: 23 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21830 _uuid: c96e5047-2887-4def-a977-9ee57c9e04e3 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000354 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/c96e5047-2887-4def-a977-9ee57c9e04e3.yaml identifier: c96e5047-2887-4def-a977-9ee57c9e04e3 uri: /reference/c96e5047-2887-4def-a977-9ee57c9e04e3 - attrs: Author: 'Barnes, Mark' DOI: 10.1111/gec3.12246 ISSN: 1749-8198 Issue: 11 Journal: Geography Compass Pages: 604-616 Title: 'Transit systems and ridership under extreme weather and climate change stress: An urban transportation agenda for hazards geography' Volume: 9 Year: 2015 _record_number: 24532 _uuid: cb78feca-294e-49fe-8326-542ece44c6fe reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/gec3.12246 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/cb78feca-294e-49fe-8326-542ece44c6fe.yaml identifier: cb78feca-294e-49fe-8326-542ece44c6fe uri: /reference/cb78feca-294e-49fe-8326-542ece44c6fe - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Federal Highway Administration,' Institution: 'Federal Highway Administration,Transportation Engineering Approaches to Climate Resiliency (TEACR) Project' Pages: 52 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Series Volume: FHWA-HEP-17-014 Title: 'Sea level rise and storm surge impacts on a coastal bridge: I-10 Bayway, Mobile Bay, Alabama' URL: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/sustainability/resilience/ongoing_and_current_research/teacr/al_i-10/index.cfm Year: 2016 _record_number: 24589 _uuid: cc670795-0251-48b0-8bf3-2f87fc67f8fd reftype: Report child_publication: /report/sea-level-rise-storm-surge-impacts-on-coastal-bridge-i-10-bayway-mobile-bay-alabama href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/cc670795-0251-48b0-8bf3-2f87fc67f8fd.yaml identifier: cc670795-0251-48b0-8bf3-2f87fc67f8fd uri: /reference/cc670795-0251-48b0-8bf3-2f87fc67f8fd - attrs: Abstract: 'Numerous studies have shown that precipitation has a significant impact on motor vehicle crashes. Hourly weather radar data with a 4-km resolution and over 600 000 crashes from 2002 to 2012 in Iowa are used to assess the effects of precipitation on motor vehicle crashes. Using a matched pairs analysis, this study finds that the relative accident risk (RAR) across the state during the study period was 1.69 [1.66, 1.71]. However, RAR increased to as high as 3.7 [3.6, 4.0] and as low as 1.1 [1.0, 1.2] for frozen and liquid precipitation types, respectively. RAR also varied significantly by hour of the day, with RAR near 2 in the late afternoon and 1.3 during the early morning hours, suggesting an interaction effect between precipitation and traffic volume and/or density on crash risk. The study also shows that interstates and major highways tend to have higher RAR than smaller roads, and it was able to identify locations that are particularly sensitive to precipitation with regard to crashes. This study can be used to inform future studies on the effects of weather and climate change on crashes.' Author: 'Tamerius, J. D.; X. Zhou; R. Mantilla; T. Greenfield-Huitt' DOI: 10.1175/wcas-d-16-0009.1 Issue: 4 Journal: 'Weather, Climate, and Society' Keywords: 'Geographic location/entity,North America,Observational techniques and algorithms,Radars/Radar observations,Applications,Geographic information systems (GIS),Local effects,Societal impacts,Transportation meteorology' Pages: 399-407 Title: 'Precipitation effects on motor vehicle crashes vary by space, time, and environmental conditions' Volume: 8 Year: 2016 _record_number: 24565 _uuid: ccb1b544-9a86-4b57-a3d7-9499227d67c7 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1175/wcas-d-16-0009.1 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ccb1b544-9a86-4b57-a3d7-9499227d67c7.yaml identifier: ccb1b544-9a86-4b57-a3d7-9499227d67c7 uri: /reference/ccb1b544-9a86-4b57-a3d7-9499227d67c7 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Gopalakrishna, Deepak; Jeremy Schroeder; Amy Huff; Amy Thomas; Amy Leibrand ' Institution: Federal Highway Administration Pages: 37 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Series Volume: FHWA-HOP-13-030 Title: 'Planning for systems management & operations as part of climate change adaptation ' URL: https://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/fhwahop13030/index.htm Year: 2013 _record_number: 24586 _uuid: cd7183d0-7e06-4d08-bba2-3765b2eba3fe reftype: Report child_publication: /report/planning-systems-management-operations-as-part-climate-change-adaptation href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/cd7183d0-7e06-4d08-bba2-3765b2eba3fe.yaml identifier: cd7183d0-7e06-4d08-bba2-3765b2eba3fe uri: /reference/cd7183d0-7e06-4d08-bba2-3765b2eba3fe - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'U.S. Department of Transportation,' Institution: 'U.S. DOT, Office of Highway Policy Information' Pages: 11 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Title: 'Traffic volume trends: December 2015' URL: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/travel_monitoring/15dectvt/15dectvt.pdf Year: 2015 _record_number: 26062 _uuid: cedf5928-9e0e-4cd7-8d6f-65a16b38d58f reftype: Report child_publication: /report/traffic-volume-trends-december-2015 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/cedf5928-9e0e-4cd7-8d6f-65a16b38d58f.yaml identifier: cedf5928-9e0e-4cd7-8d6f-65a16b38d58f uri: /reference/cedf5928-9e0e-4cd7-8d6f-65a16b38d58f - attrs: Abstract: 'Coastal communities with road infrastructure close to the shoreline are vulnerable to the effects of sea level rise caused by climate change. The sea level in coastal New Hampshire is projected to rise by 3.9 to 6.6 ft (1.2 to 2.0 m) by 2100. Climate change vulnerability and adaptation studies have focused on surface water flooding caused by sea level rise; however, little attention has been given to the effects of climate change on groundwater. Groundwater is expected to rise with sea level rise and will intersect the unbound layers of coastal road infrastructure, thus reducing the service life of pavement. Vulnerability studies are an essential part of adaptation planning, and pavement engineers are looking for methods to identify roads that may experience premature failure. In this study, a regional groundwater flow model of coastal New Hampshire was used to identify road infrastructure for which rising groundwater will move into the unbound materials during the design life of the pavement. Multilayer elastic theory was used to analyze typical pavement profiles in several functional classifications of roadway to determine the magnitude of fatigue and rutting life reduction expected from four scenarios of sea level rise. All the evaluation sites experienced service life reduction, the magnitude and timing of which depended on the current depth to groundwater, the pavement structure, and the subgrade. The use of this methodology will enable pavement engineers to target coastal road adaptation projects effectively and will result in significant cost savings compared with implementation of broad adaptation projects or the costs of no action.' Author: 'Knott, Jayne F.; Mohamed Elshaer; Jo Sias Daniel; Jennifer M. Jacobs; Paul Kirshen' DOI: 10.3141/2639-01 Journal: 'Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board' Pages: 1-10 Title: Assessing the effects of rising groundwater from sea level rise on the service life of pavements in coastal road infrastructure Volume: 2639 Year: 2017 _record_number: 21756 _uuid: d09c22ad-256c-4fc1-998b-cf888a93fa58 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3141/2639-01 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d09c22ad-256c-4fc1-998b-cf888a93fa58.yaml identifier: d09c22ad-256c-4fc1-998b-cf888a93fa58 uri: /reference/d09c22ad-256c-4fc1-998b-cf888a93fa58 - attrs: Author: 'Padgett, Jamie; Reginald DesRoches; Bryant Nielson; Mark Yashinsky; Oh-Sung Kwon; Nick Burdette; Ed Tavera' DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2008)13:1(6) Issue: 1 Journal: Journal of Bridge Engineering Pages: 6-14 Title: Bridge damage and repair costs from Hurricane Katrina Volume: 13 Year: 2008 _record_number: 24007 _uuid: d2771659-e0f3-48e1-aaf9-0cf44189f670 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2008)13:1(6) href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d2771659-e0f3-48e1-aaf9-0cf44189f670.yaml identifier: d2771659-e0f3-48e1-aaf9-0cf44189f670 uri: /reference/d2771659-e0f3-48e1-aaf9-0cf44189f670 - attrs: Abstract: 'Multi-level governance networks provide both opportunities and challenges to mainstream climate change adaptation due to their routine decision-making and coordination processes. This paper explores institutionalizing resilience and adaptation to climate change in the intergovernmental transportation planning processes that address bridge infrastructure in the Northeastern United States (USA), specifically in Vermont and Maine. The research presented here relies on nine interviews with policy-makers and planners, a survey of transportation project prioritization criteria, development of a longitudinal bridge funding database, and its integration with publicly available geospatial data. It presents a novel spatial analysis methodology, a modified version of which could be adopted by transportation agencies for prioritizing scarce adaptation funds. Although transportation agencies are undertaking a variety of mitigation activities to address business-as-usual needs, climate change adaptation and resilience efforts remain underprioritized. Adaptation is a global concern, but impacts vary dramatically between regions and require localized solutions. Bridges and culverts, which are especially vulnerable to climate-induced flooding impacts, have complex maintenance and design processes and are subject to convoluted adaptation planning procedures. Critical gaps in resources and knowledge are barriers to improved adaptation planning. Restructuring the transportation project prioritization procedures used by planning organizations to explicitly include adaptation may provide a novel strategy to institutionalize resilience in transportation. These procedures must be considered in the context of the intergovernmental networks that exist to support transportation infrastructure. Although these networks will likely vary across countries, the approaches introduced here to study and address transportation infrastructure adaptation may be applied to many settings.' Author: 'Schulz, Anna; Zia, Asim; Koliba, Christopher' DOI: 10.1007/s11027-015-9672-x Date: January 01 ISSN: 1573-1596 Issue: 1 Journal: Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change Pages: 175-198 Title: 'Adapting bridge infrastructure to climate change: Institutionalizing resilience in intergovernmental transportation planning processes in the Northeastern USA' Type of Article: journal article Volume: 22 Year: 2017 _record_number: 26037 _uuid: d2cd1f94-3149-4f48-b613-331da9ad52d5 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s11027-015-9672-x href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d2cd1f94-3149-4f48-b613-331da9ad52d5.yaml identifier: d2cd1f94-3149-4f48-b613-331da9ad52d5 uri: /reference/d2cd1f94-3149-4f48-b613-331da9ad52d5 - attrs: Abstract: 'The objective of this research was to integrate current data sources to develop a methodology for assessing and mitigating the potential impacts of sea level rise (SLR) on Florida’s transportation infrastructure to assist transportation planning. The proposed approach integrates the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) information system with existing topographical and geological data to facilitate (1) the evaluation of current and projected SLR impacts on Florida’s coastline and low-lying terrain areas, and (2) the identification of the physical transportation infrastructure that is most likely to be affected by frequent to continuous flooding because of SLR so that solutions could be sought. The projection of SLR, and the timing for the same, was outlined using a benchmark approach that brackets time intervals as opposed to specific timing for improvements. Further research to evaluate the impact of sea level rise on ponding and storm surge is a future, more difficult area of investigation.' Author: 'Bloetscher, Frederick; Leonard Berry; Jarice Rodriguez-Seda; Nicole Hernandez Hammer; Thomas Romah; Dusan Jolovic; Barry Heimlich; Maria Abadal Cahill' DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000174 Issue: 2 Journal: Journal of Infrastructure Systems Pages: 04013015 Title: Identifying FDOT's physical transportation infrastructure vulnerable to sea level rise Volume: 20 Year: 2014 _record_number: 24536 _uuid: d339d85e-f249-4ab4-acbb-eb605b777dd9 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000174 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d339d85e-f249-4ab4-acbb-eb605b777dd9.yaml identifier: d339d85e-f249-4ab4-acbb-eb605b777dd9 uri: /reference/d339d85e-f249-4ab4-acbb-eb605b777dd9 - attrs: Abstract: 'A method to assess the impacts of forecasted climate change on pavement deterioration is presented. Traditional methods of pavement design use historic climate data and assume that climate is stationary with time. Climate change challenges this assumption of stationarity (i.e., natural driving forces of engineering have a variability described by a time-invariant probability density function). Therefore, the use of historic climate data is insufficient for the prediction of climate conditions. The focus is on the preparation and the use of climate model data sets as inputs to the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) model to simulate flexible pavement performance and deterioration over time. The method is illustrated with a case study that uses future climate model temperature data from three North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program scenarios at four sites across New England. Pavement distress predicted with future temperature scenarios is compared with that from MEPDG temperature data. Application of the method demonstrates the importance of matching the overlapping periods before using climate forecast output in the MEPDG. Although the simulated impact of future temperature changes on pavement performance was negligible for alligator cracking at the four study sites, asphalt concrete rutting differences were great enough to warrant additional consideration and to suggest that climate change and variability in future climate scenarios could affect pavement design and evaluation. The proposed method can be used to evaluate the impact of other climate variables alone or in combination. The method also can readily use new climate model output and be adapted for new downscaling methods.' Author: 'Meagher, William; Jo Daniel; Jennifer Jacobs; Ernst Linder' DOI: 10.3141/2305-12 Journal: 'Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board' Pages: 111-120 Title: Method for evaluating implications of climate change for design and performance of flexible pavements Volume: 2305 Year: 2012 _record_number: 24551 _uuid: d67e92b2-0e74-45a2-8e13-5cb22ea12623 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3141/2305-12 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d67e92b2-0e74-45a2-8e13-5cb22ea12623.yaml identifier: d67e92b2-0e74-45a2-8e13-5cb22ea12623 uri: /reference/d67e92b2-0e74-45a2-8e13-5cb22ea12623 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Asam, Susan; Bhat, Cassandra; Dix, Brenda; Bauer, Jocelyn; Gopalakrishna, Deepak' Institution: Federal Highway Administration Pages: 77 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Series Volume: FHWA-HOP-15-026 Title: 'Climate Change Adaptation Guide for Transportation Systems Management, Operations, and Maintenance' URL: https://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/fhwahop15026/index.htm Year: 2015 _record_number: 24606 _uuid: d68d92a7-bd15-4532-9c35-4fe454badf0c reftype: Report child_publication: /report/climate-change-adaptation-guide-transportation-systems-management-operations-maintenance href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d68d92a7-bd15-4532-9c35-4fe454badf0c.yaml identifier: d68d92a7-bd15-4532-9c35-4fe454badf0c uri: /reference/d68d92a7-bd15-4532-9c35-4fe454badf0c - attrs: Abstract: 'The economic impacts from geological hazards that occur within or adjacent to Colorado Department of Transportation (DOT) right-of-way can be measured in support of exposure estimation for risk-based asset and performance management. The events include rockfalls, rock slides, landslides, debris flows, and sinkholes and can be categorized as routine maintenance, regular program activities, and urgent response. The statewide economic impacts from geologic hazards were grouped into two categories: (a) direct costs for maintenance labor and equipment, engineering, and construction and (b) indirect costs, including property damage, injury or fatalities, traveler delay, lost productivity, loss of revenue to businesses and communities, and environmental impacts. Annual direct department costs from geologic hazard events average about $17 million to $20 million, which includes maintenance staff response to approximately 8,500 work orders each year. Most work orders are high-frequency events that are addressed daily by maintenance staff. Conversely, some events occur less frequently and have a larger economic impact, particularly for users and communities. In 2014, the economic impact from geologic hazards on Colorado DOT roadways was estimated to be nearly $30 million. Historical data indicate that the 2014 estimate is conservative when high-volume roadways are affected or when more large events occur in a single year. For example, the economic impact for two rockfall events on I-70 in 2004 and 2010 was estimated to be more than $40 million each, adjusted to 2015 dollars. When average Colorado DOT direct expenses are included, the economic impact in those years may have exceeded $60 million.' Author: 'Vessely, Mark; Scott Richrath; Ermias Weldemicael' DOI: 10.3141/2646-02 Journal: 'Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board' Pages: 8-16 Title: Economic impacts from geologic hazard events on Colorado Department of Transportation right-of-way Volume: 2646 Year: 2017 _record_number: 26039 _uuid: d802e9b9-b00b-42e6-bb03-330b21637e6c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3141/2646-02 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d802e9b9-b00b-42e6-bb03-330b21637e6c.yaml identifier: d802e9b9-b00b-42e6-bb03-330b21637e6c uri: /reference/d802e9b9-b00b-42e6-bb03-330b21637e6c - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'FHWA,' Institution: Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Pages: 32 Report Number: FHWA-HEP-17-015 Title: 'Barrier Island roadway overwashing from sea level rise and storm surge: US 98 on Okaloosa Island, Florida (TEACR Engineering Assessment)' URL: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/sustainability/resilience/ongoing_and_current_research/teacr/fl_us_98/fhwahep17015.pdf Year: 2016 _record_number: 26054 _uuid: dc4d04ab-f610-4ae4-ac9d-5fda5febe789 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/barrier-island-roadway-overwashing-sea-level-rise-storm-surge-us-98-on-okaloosa-island-florida-teacr-engineering-assessment href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/dc4d04ab-f610-4ae4-ac9d-5fda5febe789.yaml identifier: dc4d04ab-f610-4ae4-ac9d-5fda5febe789 uri: /reference/dc4d04ab-f610-4ae4-ac9d-5fda5febe789 - attrs: .reference_type: 9 DOI: 10.7930/J0Z31WJ2 Editor: 'Melillo, Jerry M.; Richmond, Terese (T.C.); Yohe, Gary W.' ISBN: 9780160924026 Number of Pages: 841 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: 'Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment' URL: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov Year: 2014 _chapter: '["Ch. 0: About this Report FINAL"]' _record_number: 4692 _uuid: dd5b893d-4462-4bb3-9205-67b532919566 reftype: Edited Book child_publication: /report/nca3 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/dd5b893d-4462-4bb3-9205-67b532919566.yaml identifier: dd5b893d-4462-4bb3-9205-67b532919566 uri: /reference/dd5b893d-4462-4bb3-9205-67b532919566 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'ASCE,' Institution: American Society of Civil Engineers Pages: 29 Place Published: 'Reston, VA' Title: 'Failure to Act: Closing the Infrastructure Investment Gap For America’s Economic Future. 2017 Infrastructure Report Card' URL: https://www.infrastructurereportcard.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/ASCE-Failure-to-Act-2016-FINAL.pdf Year: 2016 _record_number: 23202 _uuid: dec098f2-67cd-4d8c-80da-8a9502dd8ea2 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/failure-act-closing-infrastructure-investment-gap-americas-economic-future-2017-infrastructure-report-card href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/dec098f2-67cd-4d8c-80da-8a9502dd8ea2.yaml identifier: dec098f2-67cd-4d8c-80da-8a9502dd8ea2 uri: /reference/dec098f2-67cd-4d8c-80da-8a9502dd8ea2 - attrs: Author: 'Melvin, April M.; Larsen, Peter; Boehlert, Brent; Neumann, James E.; Chinowsky, Paul; Espinet, Xavier; Martinich, Jeremy; Baumann, Matthew S.; Rennels, Lisa; Bothner, Alexandra; Nicolsky, Dmitry J.; Marchenko, Sergey S.' DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1611056113 Database Provider: www.pnas.org Date: 2016/12/27/ ISSN: '0027-8424, 1091-6490' Issue: 2 Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Keywords: adaptation; Alaska; climate change; damages; infrastructure Language: en Pages: E122-E131 Title: Climate change damages to Alaska public infrastructure and the economics of proactive adaptation Volume: 114 Year: 2017 _record_number: 22252 _uuid: df6fcad4-f0ea-4c60-97e1-ae2a40455f51 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.1611056113 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/df6fcad4-f0ea-4c60-97e1-ae2a40455f51.yaml identifier: df6fcad4-f0ea-4c60-97e1-ae2a40455f51 uri: /reference/df6fcad4-f0ea-4c60-97e1-ae2a40455f51 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Freudenberg, Robert; Lucrecia Montemayor; Ellis Calvin; Emily Korman; Sarabrent McCoy; Julieet Michaelson; Chris Jones; Richard Barone; Moses Gates; Wendy Pollack; Ben Oldenburg' Institution: Regional Plan Association Pages: 25 Place Published: New York Title: 'Under water: How sea level rise threatens the Tri-State Region' URL: http://library.rpa.org/pdf/RPA-Under-Water-How-Sea-Level-Rise-Threatens-the-Tri-State-Region.pdf Year: 2016 _record_number: 24587 _uuid: e192e196-23b1-417f-b4a3-ce2a8ef52268 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/under-water-how-sea-level-rise-threatens-tri-state-region href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e192e196-23b1-417f-b4a3-ce2a8ef52268.yaml identifier: e192e196-23b1-417f-b4a3-ce2a8ef52268 uri: /reference/e192e196-23b1-417f-b4a3-ce2a8ef52268 - attrs: Abstract: 'A method for deriving quantitative relationships between road slipperiness, traffic accident risk and winter road maintenance (WRM) activity is described. The method is also applied to data from an area in southern Sweden. If a specific type of road slipperiness represents a large accident risk despite high WRM activity it is important to increase public awareness during such periods. If the type of slipperiness represents a large accident risk but is accompanied by low WRM activity, it is also important to increase the WRM to reduce the accident risk. In the method, a road slipperiness classification, based on atmospheric processes, is used to classify the road conditions at the time an accident occurred. The road condition is classified either as non-slippery or as one out of 10 types of slipperiness. Data for the slipperiness classification are taken from the Swedish Road Weather Information System (RWIS). Results from this study show that the traffic accident risk was different for different types of road slipperiness. Highest accident risk was associated with road slipperiness due to rain or sleet on a frozen road surface. When accidents occurred in these situations, there was always high WRM activity. This indicates that, in order to reduce the accident rate during these situations, public awareness must be increased by providing information to drivers. The study also demonstrates the benefits of applying a standardized road slipperiness classification to all kinds of sources of road safety information, such as a RWIS, traffic accident reports and WRM reports. With a standardized and objective classification of the road conditions and digitally stored data, all evaluations are easily conducted.' Author: 'Norrman, Jonas; Marie Eriksson; Sven Lindqvist' DOI: 10.3354/cr015185 Issue: 3 Journal: Climate Research Pages: 185-193 Title: 'Relationships between road slipperiness, traffic accident risk and winter road maintenance activity' Volume: 15 Year: 2000 _record_number: 24557 _uuid: e1b34455-2f79-4bb8-8983-521b2e1c3f82 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3354/cr015185 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e1b34455-2f79-4bb8-8983-521b2e1c3f82.yaml identifier: e1b34455-2f79-4bb8-8983-521b2e1c3f82 uri: /reference/e1b34455-2f79-4bb8-8983-521b2e1c3f82