---
- attrs:
    .reference_type: 10
    Author: 'Brown, M.E.; J.M. Antle; P. Backlund; E.R. Carr; W.E. Easterling; M.K. Walsh; C. Ammann; W. Attavanich; C.B. Barrett; M.F. Bellemare; V. Dancheck; C. Funk; K. Grace; J.S.I. Ingram; H. Jiang; H. Maletta; T. Mata; A. Murray; M. Ngugi; D. Ojima; B. O’Neill; C. Tebaldi'
    DOI: 10.7930/J0862DC7
    Institution: U.S. Global Change Research Program
    Pages: 146
    Place Published: 'Washington, DC'
    Title: 'Climate Change, Global Food Security, and the U.S. Food System'
    Year: 2015
    _record_number: 23655
    _uuid: d51156cc-0034-4afc-b2b7-1ad99efde458
    reftype: Report
  child_publication: /report/usda-climate-change-global-food-security-us-food-system-2015
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d51156cc-0034-4afc-b2b7-1ad99efde458.yaml
  identifier: d51156cc-0034-4afc-b2b7-1ad99efde458
  uri: /reference/d51156cc-0034-4afc-b2b7-1ad99efde458
- attrs:
    Author: 'Taylor, Michael A.; Tannecia S. Stephenson; A. Anthony Chen; Kimberly A. Stephenson '
    DOI: 10.1353/crb.2012.0020
    Issue: 2
    Journal: Caribbean Studies
    Pages: 169-200
    Title: 'Climate change and Caribbean: Review and response.'
    Volume: 40
    Year: 2012
    _record_number: 25098
    _uuid: d557b8f0-06ba-4b24-8384-16a681dd8939
    reftype: Journal Article
  child_publication: /article/10.1353/crb.2012.0020
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/d557b8f0-06ba-4b24-8384-16a681dd8939.yaml
  identifier: d557b8f0-06ba-4b24-8384-16a681dd8939
  uri: /reference/d557b8f0-06ba-4b24-8384-16a681dd8939
- attrs:
    Abstract: 'Experimental studies have shown that coral calcification rates are dependent on light, nutrients, food availability, temperature, and seawater aragonite saturation (Ω arag), but the relative importance of each parameter in natural settings remains uncertain. In this study, we applied Calcein fluorescent dyes as time indicators within the skeleton of coral colonies (n = 3) of Porites astreoides and Diploria strigosa at three study sites distributed across the northern Bermuda coral reef platform. We evaluated the correlation between seasonal average growth rates based on coral density and extension rates with average temperature, light, and seawater Ω arag in an effort to decipher the relative importance of each parameter. The results show significant seasonal differences among coral calcification rates ranging from summer maximums of 243 ± 58 and 274 ± 57 mmol CaCO3 m−2 d−1 to winter minimums of 135 ± 39 and 101 ± 34 mmol CaCO3 m−2 d−1 for P. astreoides and D. strigosa, respectively. We also placed small coral colonies (n = 10) in transparent chambers and measured the instantaneous rate of calcification under light and dark treatments at the same study sites. The results showed that the skeletal growth of D. strigosa and P. astreoides, whether hourly or seasonal, was highly sensitive to Ω arag. We believe this high sensitivity, however, is misleading, due to covariance between light and Ω arag, with the former being the strongest driver of calcification variability. For the seasonal data, we assessed the impact that the observed seasonal differences in temperature (4.0 °C), light (5.1 mol photons m−2 d−1), and Ω arag (0.16 units) would have on coral growth rates based on established relationships derived from laboratory studies and found that they could account for approximately 44, 52, and 5 %, respectively, of the observed seasonal change of 81 ± 14 mmol CaCO3 m−2 d−1. Using short-term light and dark incubations, we show how the covariance of light and Ω arag can lead to the false conclusion that calcification is more sensitive to Ω arag than it really is.'
    Author: 'Venti, A.; Andersson, A.; Langdon, C.'
    DOI: 10.1007/s00338-014-1191-9
    Date: December 01
    ISSN: 1432-0975
    Issue: 4
    Journal: Coral Reefs
    Pages: 979-997
    Title: Multiple driving factors explain spatial and temporal variability in coral calcification rates on the Bermuda platform
    Type of Article: journal article
    Volume: 33
    Year: 2014
    _record_number: 24994
    _uuid: dc5e5365-8b0f-4a21-93b4-c6a822be824d
    reftype: Journal Article
  child_publication: /article/10.1007/s00338-014-1191-9
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/dc5e5365-8b0f-4a21-93b4-c6a822be824d.yaml
  identifier: dc5e5365-8b0f-4a21-93b4-c6a822be824d
  uri: /reference/dc5e5365-8b0f-4a21-93b4-c6a822be824d
- attrs:
    .reference_type: 10
    Author: 'Ewel, John J.; Jacob L. Whitmore'
    Institution: 'USDA Forest Service, Institute of Tropical Forestry'
    Pages: 72
    Place Published: 'Rio Piedras, PR'
    Series Volume: Forest Service Research Paper ITF-018
    Title: The Ecological Life Zones of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands
    URL: https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/5551
    Year: 1973
    _record_number: 25080
    _uuid: dfe9f57b-4fb9-413a-ace6-873b8450a5cd
    reftype: Report
  child_publication: /report/ecological-life-zones-puerto-rico-us-virgin-islands
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/dfe9f57b-4fb9-413a-ace6-873b8450a5cd.yaml
  identifier: dfe9f57b-4fb9-413a-ace6-873b8450a5cd
  uri: /reference/dfe9f57b-4fb9-413a-ace6-873b8450a5cd
- attrs:
    Article Number: 425987
    Author: 'McLean, Natalie Melissa; Stephenson, Tannecia Sydia; Taylor, Michael Alexander; Campbell, Jayaka Danaco'
    DOI: 10.1155/2015/425987
    Journal: Advances in Meteorology
    Pages: Art. 425987
    Title: Characterization of future Caribbean rainfall and temperature extremes across rainfall zones
    Volume: 2015
    Year: 2015
    _record_number: 25027
    _uuid: e031a298-836a-4dbb-b5c8-f4f0ddb047a3
    reftype: Journal Article
  child_publication: /article/10.1155/2015/425987
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e031a298-836a-4dbb-b5c8-f4f0ddb047a3.yaml
  identifier: e031a298-836a-4dbb-b5c8-f4f0ddb047a3
  uri: /reference/e031a298-836a-4dbb-b5c8-f4f0ddb047a3
- attrs:
    .reference_type: 10
    Author: 'PRASA,'
    Institution: Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority (PRASA)
    Pages: various
    Place Published: 'Hato Rey, PR'
    Title: Fiscal Year 2013 Consulting Engineer's Report for the Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority
    URL: https://www.acueductospr.com/INVESTORS/download/Consulting%20Engineer's%20Reports/FY2013%20Consulting%20Engineers%20Report%20for%20PRASA_Final.pdf
    Year: 2014
    _record_number: 25262
    _uuid: e0be39e5-7b5b-4d13-966a-fb00fa73637c
    reftype: Report
  child_publication: /report/fiscal-year-2013-consulting-engineers-report-puerto-rico-aqueduct-sewer-authority
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e0be39e5-7b5b-4d13-966a-fb00fa73637c.yaml
  identifier: e0be39e5-7b5b-4d13-966a-fb00fa73637c
  uri: /reference/e0be39e5-7b5b-4d13-966a-fb00fa73637c
- attrs:
    Author: 'Sobel, A. H.; Burleyson, C. D.; Yuter, S. E.'
    DOI: 10.1029/2010JD014695
    ISSN: 2156-2202
    Issue: D8
    Journal: Journal of Geophysical Research
    Keywords: rainfall; islands; tropical; 1878 Water/energy interactions; 1840 Hydrometeorology; 3374 Tropical meteorology; 3309 Climatology
    Pages: D08102
    Title: Rain on small tropical islands
    Volume: 116
    Year: 2011
    _record_number: 25001
    _uuid: e16c77ed-0eaf-4fa6-8c98-256a28794b3b
    reftype: Journal Article
  child_publication: /article/10.1029/2010JD014695
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e16c77ed-0eaf-4fa6-8c98-256a28794b3b.yaml
  identifier: e16c77ed-0eaf-4fa6-8c98-256a28794b3b
  uri: /reference/e16c77ed-0eaf-4fa6-8c98-256a28794b3b
- attrs:
    .reference_type: 10
    Author: 'FCC,'
    Institution: Federal Communication Commission (FCC)
    Pages: 12
    Place Published: 'Washington, DC'
    Title: 'Order FCC 17-129, in the matter of Connect America Fund [WC Docket No. 10-90]'
    URL: https://apps.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-17-129A1.pdf
    Year: 2017
    _record_number: 25256
    _uuid: e5a0d64d-a061-4322-8bfd-d235beb83000
    reftype: Report
  child_publication: /report/order-fcc-17-129-matter-connect-america-fund-wc-docket-no-10-90
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e5a0d64d-a061-4322-8bfd-d235beb83000.yaml
  identifier: e5a0d64d-a061-4322-8bfd-d235beb83000
  uri: /reference/e5a0d64d-a061-4322-8bfd-d235beb83000
- attrs:
    Author: 'Anthony, Kenneth R. N.; Maynard, Jeffrey A.; Diaz-Pulido, Guillermo; Mumby, Peter J.; Marshall, Paul A.; Cao, Long; Hoegh-Guldberg, O. V. E.'
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02364.x
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Issue: 5
    Journal: Global Change Biology
    Keywords: climate change; coral reefs; herbivory; ocean acidification; resilience
    Pages: 1798-1808
    Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Title: Ocean acidification and warming will lower coral reef resilience
    Volume: 17
    Year: 2011
    _record_number: 24289
    _uuid: e684169c-60a2-4c78-a724-36fb93fb385a
    reftype: Journal Article
  child_publication: /article/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02364.x
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e684169c-60a2-4c78-a724-36fb93fb385a.yaml
  identifier: e684169c-60a2-4c78-a724-36fb93fb385a
  uri: /reference/e684169c-60a2-4c78-a724-36fb93fb385a
- attrs:
    .publisher: 'John Wiley & Sons, Inc.'
    .reference_type: 0
    Author: 'Zhang, Xuebin; Alexander, Lisa; Hegerl, Gabriele C.; Jones, Philip; Tank, Albert Klein; Peterson, Thomas C.; Trewin, Blair; Zwiers, Francis W.'
    DOI: 10.1002/wcc.147
    ISSN: 1757-7799
    Issue: 6
    Journal: 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change'
    Pages: 851-870
    Title: Indices for monitoring changes in extremes based on daily temperature and precipitation data
    Volume: 2
    Year: 2011
    _record_number: 20273
    _uuid: e6ecbe14-fe1b-46f8-bad5-bde9e4cc658a
    reftype: Journal Article
  child_publication: /article/10.1002/wcc.147
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e6ecbe14-fe1b-46f8-bad5-bde9e4cc658a.yaml
  identifier: e6ecbe14-fe1b-46f8-bad5-bde9e4cc658a
  uri: /reference/e6ecbe14-fe1b-46f8-bad5-bde9e4cc658a
- attrs:
    Abstract: 'Concerns over the status of freshwater availability in the Caribbean region and in particular the eastern Caribbean states have been expressed for at least the past 30 years. There is a growing realization that availability will be vulnerable to extremes of climate behavior and increasing demand for water. Climate modeling for the Caribbean region under a range of scenarios suggests a continuation of a warming in average temperatures, a lengthening of seasonal dry periods, and increases in frequency of occurrence of drought conditions. Using information from the most recent IPCC report and regional downscaling, the authors suggest what some of the macrolevel changes in temperature and rainfall might be and the implications for water resources availability. This article evaluates the existing availability of water resources, the implications of the most recent climate change modeling for the Caribbean region, and the impact of on existing service provision strategies.'
    Author: 'Cashman, Adrian; Leonard Nurse; Charlery John'
    DOI: 10.1177/1070496509347088
    Issue: 1
    Journal: Journal of Environment & Development
    Keywords: 'climate change,water resources,water management,scarcity,vulnerability,social impacts'
    Pages: 42-67
    Title: 'Climate change in the Caribbean: The water management implications'
    Volume: 19
    Year: 2010
    _record_number: 25062
    _uuid: e73b29bb-f4e5-47a7-9b18-45697e8e7bdf
    reftype: Journal Article
  child_publication: /article/10.1177/1070496509347088
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e73b29bb-f4e5-47a7-9b18-45697e8e7bdf.yaml
  identifier: e73b29bb-f4e5-47a7-9b18-45697e8e7bdf
  uri: /reference/e73b29bb-f4e5-47a7-9b18-45697e8e7bdf
- attrs:
    Author: 'Harmsen, Eric W.; Santa Elizabeth Gomez Mesa; Edvier Cabassa; Nazario D. Ramírez-Beltran; Sandra Cruz Pol; Robert J. Kuligowski; Ramón Vasquez'
    ISSN: 1790-5022
    Issue: 8
    Journal: WSEAS Transaction on Signal Processing
    Pages: 504-513
    Title: Satellite sub-pixel rainfall variability
    URL: https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1481986.1481994
    Volume: 4
    Year: 2008
    _record_number: 25041
    _uuid: e7926338-a550-4594-ae83-84090e9d8905
    reftype: Journal Article
  child_publication: /article/satellite-sub-pixel-rainfall-variability
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e7926338-a550-4594-ae83-84090e9d8905.yaml
  identifier: e7926338-a550-4594-ae83-84090e9d8905
  uri: /reference/e7926338-a550-4594-ae83-84090e9d8905
- attrs:
    .reference_type: 16
    Author: 'NCEI,'
    Place Published: 'Asheville, NC'
    Publisher: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
    Title: 'Climate Data Online [web tool]'
    URL: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/
    Year: 2018
    _record_number: 26704
    _uuid: e8d32931-3301-45c8-bfe7-b8e8b9fff6b6
    reftype: Web Page
  child_publication: /webpage/bdd8ea75-d8f8-4f57-b187-a9d2fd8085ea
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e8d32931-3301-45c8-bfe7-b8e8b9fff6b6.yaml
  identifier: e8d32931-3301-45c8-bfe7-b8e8b9fff6b6
  uri: /reference/e8d32931-3301-45c8-bfe7-b8e8b9fff6b6
- attrs:
    .reference_type: 16
    Access Date: 'March 27, 2018'
    Author: 'ALERT Worldwide,'
    Late Update Date: December 6
    Place Published: 'Boston, MA'
    Publisher: AIR Worldwide
    Title: 'Hurricane Maria [web site]'
    URL: http://alert.air-worldwide.com/EventSummary.aspx?e=880&tp=68&c=1
    Year: 2017
    _record_number: 26431
    _uuid: e912269d-8cf1-4c81-9262-db656c844745
    reftype: Web Page
  child_publication: /webpage/b6869c47-4e41-410d-8b11-3f83642068d5
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/e912269d-8cf1-4c81-9262-db656c844745.yaml
  identifier: e912269d-8cf1-4c81-9262-db656c844745
  uri: /reference/e912269d-8cf1-4c81-9262-db656c844745
- attrs:
    .reference_type: 10
    Author: 'Acevedo, Sebastian; Cebotari, Aliona; Turner-Jones, Therese'
    Institution: International Monetary Fund
    Pages: 22
    Place Published: 'Washington, D.C.'
    Title: 'Caribbean small states: Challenges of high debt and low growth'
    URL: https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/Policy-Papers/Issues/2016/12/31/Caribbean-Small-States-Challenges-of-High-Debt-and-Low-Growth-PP4747
    Year: 2013
    _record_number: 25084
    _uuid: ea19c1de-2b71-4e82-ba8e-d97e9e583ae5
    reftype: Report
  child_publication: /report/caribbean-small-states-challenges-high-debt-low-growth
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ea19c1de-2b71-4e82-ba8e-d97e9e583ae5.yaml
  identifier: ea19c1de-2b71-4e82-ba8e-d97e9e583ae5
  uri: /reference/ea19c1de-2b71-4e82-ba8e-d97e9e583ae5
- attrs:
    .reference_type: 0
    Author: 'Larsen, M.C.'
    DOI: 10.1080/02723646.2000.10642723
    ISSN: 0272-3646
    Issue: 6
    Journal: Physical Geography
    Pages: 494-521
    Title: Analysis of 20th century rainfall and streamflow to characterize drought and water resources in Puerto Rico
    URL: http://www.usgs.gov/climate_landuse/contacts/presents/Larsen-PhysGeog-2000.pdf
    Volume: 21
    Year: 2000
    _chapter: '["Ch. 17: Southeast and Caribbean FINAL"]'
    _record_number: 79
    _uuid: edd9a004-f859-41ae-9f93-80201c4ffd65
    reftype: Journal Article
  child_publication: /article/10.1080/02723646.2000.10642723
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/edd9a004-f859-41ae-9f93-80201c4ffd65.yaml
  identifier: edd9a004-f859-41ae-9f93-80201c4ffd65
  uri: /reference/edd9a004-f859-41ae-9f93-80201c4ffd65
- attrs:
    .reference_type: 16
    Author: 'Puerto Rico Coastal Zone Management Program,'
    Place Published: 'San Juan, PR'
    Publisher: Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources (DRNA in Spanish)
    Title: 'Riesgos Costeros [Coastal Hazards]'
    URL: http://drna.pr.gov/programas-y-proyectos/zona-costanera/riesgos-costeros/
    Year: 2017
    _record_number: 26700
    _uuid: ee3c8a7b-59e3-40ed-8769-1f248870e570
    reftype: Web Page
  child_publication: /webpage/400173be-245f-442b-bb73-51cffb2bed6f
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ee3c8a7b-59e3-40ed-8769-1f248870e570.yaml
  identifier: ee3c8a7b-59e3-40ed-8769-1f248870e570
  uri: /reference/ee3c8a7b-59e3-40ed-8769-1f248870e570
- attrs:
    Abstract: 'We examine the mesoscale structure of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), low-level circulation, and trade wind convection over the sub-tropical island of Puerto Rico in mid-summer. Shallow afternoon thunderstorms are frequently seen over the western plains of the island. Observational data include automatic weather station measurements, radiosonde profiles, infrared satellite images, and mesoscale reanalysis data with a focus on the summer of 2006. Satellite microwave radar data (TRMM and CloudSat) indicate that island clouds typically extend just above the −20°C level during afternoon hours with reflectivity values reaching 50 dBz. A singular value decomposition of 3-hourly high resolution satellite rainfall maps reveals an island mode. From this a composite is constructed for a group of ten cases. With a Froude number ≈1 the trade winds pass over the mountains and standing vortices and gravity waves are trapped in the meandering wake. The Weather and Research Forecasting (WRF) model at 1-km resolution with 51 vertical layers is used to simulate the short-lived thunderstorms for two cases: 27 June and 20 July 2006. The model correctly locates the convective cells that develop between 1400 and 1700 LST. The shallow afternoon thunderstorms are triggered by surface heat fluxes, confluent sea breezes and a mountain wake. Recommendations for enhanced observations are given.'
    Author: 'Jury, Mark R.; Chiao, Sen; Harmsen, Eric W.'
    DOI: 10.1007/s10546-009-9393-3
    Date: August 01
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Issue: 2
    Journal: Boundary-Layer Meteorology
    Pages: 289-313
    Title: 'Mesoscale structure of trade wind convection over Puerto Rico: Composite observations and numerical simulation'
    Type of Article: journal article
    Volume: 132
    Year: 2009
    _record_number: 25035
    _uuid: f0dee221-fc70-498e-a618-4b272642bab2
    reftype: Journal Article
  child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10546-009-9393-3
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f0dee221-fc70-498e-a618-4b272642bab2.yaml
  identifier: f0dee221-fc70-498e-a618-4b272642bab2
  uri: /reference/f0dee221-fc70-498e-a618-4b272642bab2
- attrs:
    .reference_type: 9
    Author: USGCRP
    DOI: 10.7930/J0R49NQX
    Number of Pages: 312
    Place Published: 'Washington, DC'
    Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program
    Title: 'The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment'
    Year: 2016
    _record_number: 19368
    _uuid: f1e633d5-070a-4a7d-935b-a2281a0c9cb6
    reftype: Book
  child_publication: /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f1e633d5-070a-4a7d-935b-a2281a0c9cb6.yaml
  identifier: f1e633d5-070a-4a7d-935b-a2281a0c9cb6
  uri: /reference/f1e633d5-070a-4a7d-935b-a2281a0c9cb6
- attrs:
    Abstract: 'The intensely active 2017 Atlantic basin hurricane season provided an opportunity to examine how climate drivers, including warming oceans and rising seas, exacerbated tropical cyclone hazards. The season also highlighted the unique vulnerabilities of populations residing on Small Island Developing States (SIDS) to the catastrophic potential of these storms. During 2017, 22 of the 29 Caribbean SIDS were affected by at least one named storm, and multiple SIDS experienced extreme damage. This paper aims to review the multiplicity of storm impacts on Caribbean SIDS throughout the 2017 season, to explicate the influences of climate drivers on storm formation and intensity, to explore the propensity of SIDS to sustain severe damage and prolonged disruption of essential services, to document the spectrum of public health consequences, and to delineate the daunting hurdles that challenged emergency response and recovery operations for island-based, disaster-affected populations. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;page 1 of 13)'
    Author: 'Shultz, James M.; Kossin, James P.; Shepherd, J. Marshall; Ransdell, Justine M.; Walshe, Rory; Kelman, Ilan; Galea, Sandro'
    DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2018.28
    Database Provider: Cambridge University Press
    EPub Date: 2018/04/06
    ISSN: 1935-7893
    Journal: Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
    Keywords: climate change; climate driver; disaster; disaster response; hazard; health consequences; hurricane; risk; Small Island Developing States; tropical cyclone; tropical storm; vulnerability
    Name of Database: Cambridge Core
    Pages: 1-13
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press
    Title: 'Risk, health consequences, and response challenges for small-island-based populations: Observations from the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season'
    Year: 2018
    _record_number: 25240
    _uuid: f27d73b2-8618-4674-a111-a92276930d26
    reftype: Journal Article
  child_publication: /article/10.1017/dmp.2018.28
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f27d73b2-8618-4674-a111-a92276930d26.yaml
  identifier: f27d73b2-8618-4674-a111-a92276930d26
  uri: /reference/f27d73b2-8618-4674-a111-a92276930d26
- attrs:
    Academic Department: Planning and Environmental Management
    Advisor: Richard Kingston
    Author: 'Aponte-Gonzalez, Felix'
    Degree: Ph.D.
    Number of Pages: 372
    Place Published: 'Manchester, UK'
    Title: Concerning Caribbean Climate Change Vulnerabilities and Adaptation in Small Island Cities
    URL: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/concerning-caribbean-climate-change-vulnerabilities-and-adaptation-in-small-island-cities(f9bc2ea2-8fc7-4d91-8577-87fa88b8db12).html
    University: University of Manchester
    Year: 2014
    _record_number: 25072
    _uuid: f30fcd50-d968-45c5-99a3-59e1db045ba5
    reftype: Thesis
  child_publication: /generic/0255090c-699f-43f4-b6dd-b03410823534
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/f30fcd50-d968-45c5-99a3-59e1db045ba5.yaml
  identifier: f30fcd50-d968-45c5-99a3-59e1db045ba5
  uri: /reference/f30fcd50-d968-45c5-99a3-59e1db045ba5
- attrs:
    Abstract: 'Heatwaves present a significant health risk and the hazard is likely to escalate with the increased future temperatures presently predicted by climate change models. The impact of heatwaves is often felt strongest in towns and cities where populations are concentrated and where the climate is often unintentionally modified to produce an urban heat island effect; where urban areas can be significantly warmer than surrounding rural areas. The purpose of this interdisciplinary study is to integrate remotely sensed urban heat island data alongside commercial social segmentation data via a spatial risk assessment methodology in order to highlight potential heat health risk areas and build the foundations for a climate change risk assessment. This paper uses the city of Birmingham, UK as a case study area.'
    Author: 'Tomlinson, Charlie J.; Chapman, Lee; Thornes, John E.; Baker, Christopher J.'
    DOI: 10.1186/1476-072x-10-42
    Date: June 17
    ISSN: 1476-072X
    Issue: 1
    Journal: International Journal of Health Geographics
    Pages: 42
    Title: 'Including the urban heat island in spatial heat health risk assessment strategies:  A case study for Birmingham, UK'
    Type of Article: journal article
    Volume: 10
    Year: 2011
    _record_number: 24998
    _uuid: fd10f97c-39c6-4f3a-8306-aead1a368908
    reftype: Journal Article
  child_publication: /article/10.1186/1476-072x-10-42
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/fd10f97c-39c6-4f3a-8306-aead1a368908.yaml
  identifier: fd10f97c-39c6-4f3a-8306-aead1a368908
  uri: /reference/fd10f97c-39c6-4f3a-8306-aead1a368908
- attrs:
    .reference_type: 10
    Author: 'CCCCC,'
    Institution: Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre (CCCCC)
    Pages: 188
    Place Published: 'Belmopan, Belize'
    Title: Impact assessment and national adaptation strategy and action plan to address climate change in the tourism sector of Saint Lucia. Volumes I and II
    URL: http://www.climatechange.govt.lc/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Impact-Assessment-National-Adaptation-Strategy-and-Action-Plan-in-Tourism-Sector.pdf
    Year: 2015
    _record_number: 26446
    _uuid: fe7795e1-ecba-43eb-a69a-6e1217526a2c
    reftype: Report
  child_publication: /report/impact-assessment-national-adaptation-strategy-action-plan-address-climate-change-tourism-sector-saint-lucia-volumes-i-ii
  href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/fe7795e1-ecba-43eb-a69a-6e1217526a2c.yaml
  identifier: fe7795e1-ecba-43eb-a69a-6e1217526a2c
  uri: /reference/fe7795e1-ecba-43eb-a69a-6e1217526a2c