--- - attributes: ~ caption: ~ chapter_identifier: south-dakota create_dt: 2015-04-13T00:00:00 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/south-dakota/figure/sd-observed-summer-precipitation.yaml identifier: sd-observed-summer-precipitation lat_max: 45.9455 lat_min: 42.4796 lon_max: -104.0577 lon_min: -96.4364 ordinal: 3d report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2014-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1895-01-01T00:00:00 title: Observed Summer Precipitaton uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/south-dakota/figure/sd-observed-summer-precipitation url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: |+2 The observed number of very cold days (annual number of days with maximum temperature below 0°F) for 1900–2014, averaged over 5-year periods; these values are averages from 30 long-term reporting stations. Since 2000, South Dakota has experienced a below normal number of extremely cold days, indicative of overall winter warming in the region. The dark horizontal line is the long-term average (1900–2014) of 2.8 days per year. Source: CICS-NC and NOAA NCEI. chapter_identifier: south-dakota create_dt: 2015-04-13T00:00:00 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/south-dakota/figure/sd-observed-number-of-very-cold-days.yaml identifier: sd-observed-number-of-very-cold-days lat_max: 45.9455 lat_min: 42.4796 lon_max: -104.0577 lon_min: -96.4364 ordinal: 4 report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2014-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1900-01-01T00:00:00 title: Observed Number of Very Cold Days uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/south-dakota/figure/sd-observed-number-of-very-cold-days url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: |+2 Annual snowfall totals at Menno, SD. Winter season snowfall totals at Menno, in the eastern part of the state,vary widely from year to year. Since 2000, snowfall has ranged from less than 20 inches to nearly 50 inches, annually. Source: Midwestern Regional Climate Center. chapter_identifier: south-dakota create_dt: 2015-08-18T11:26:00 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/south-dakota/figure/sd-annual-snowfall-totals-at-menno.yaml identifier: sd-annual-snowfall-totals-at-menno lat_max: 45.9455 lat_min: 42.4796 lon_max: -104.0577 lon_min: -96.4364 ordinal: 5 report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2015-06-30T00:00:00 time_start: 1940-07-01T00:00:00 title: Annual Snowfall Totals at Menno uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/south-dakota/figure/sd-annual-snowfall-totals-at-menno url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: |+2 The observed number of extreme precipitation events (annual number of days with precipitation greater than 1 inch) for 1900–2014, averaged over 5-year periods; these values are averages from 32 long-term reporting sites. Since 1990, South Dakota has experienced an above average number of such events. The dark horizontal line is the long-term average (1900–2014) of 4.3 days per year. Source: CICS-NC and NOAA NCEI. chapter_identifier: south-dakota create_dt: 2015-04-13T00:00:00 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/south-dakota/figure/sd-observed-number-of-extreme-precipitation-events.yaml identifier: sd-observed-number-of-extreme-precipitation-events lat_max: 45.9455 lat_min: 42.4796 lon_max: -104.0577 lon_min: -96.4364 ordinal: 6 report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2014-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1900-01-01T00:00:00 title: Observed Number of Extreme Precipitation Events uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/south-dakota/figure/sd-observed-number-of-extreme-precipitation-events url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'Projected changes in winter precipitation (%) for the middle of the 21st century compared to the late 20th century under a higher emissions pathway. Hatching represents areas where the majority of climate models indicate a statistically significant change. Winter precipitation is projected to increase by 10%–20%. South Dakota is part of a large area across the northern and central United States with projected increases in winter precipitation. Source: CICS-NC, NOAA NCEI, and NEMAC.' chapter_identifier: south-dakota create_dt: 2019-02-15T18:30:50 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/south-dakota/figure/sd-projected-change-in-winter-precipitation.yaml identifier: sd-projected-change-in-winter-precipitation lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 7 report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: 2019-06-11T16:57:33 time_end: 2070-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1971-01-01T00:00:00 title: Projected Change in Winter Precipitation uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/south-dakota/figure/sd-projected-change-in-winter-precipitation url: ~ usage_limits: Figure may be copyright protected and permission may be required. Contact original figure source for information - attributes: ~ caption: |+2 Observed and projected changes (compared to the 1901–1960 average) in near-surface air temperature for Tennessee. Observed data are for 1900–2014. Projected changes for 2015–2100 are from global climate models for two possible futures: one in which greenhouse gas emissions continue to increase (higher emissions) and another in which greenhouse gas emissions increase at a slower rate (lower emissions). Temperatures in Tennessee (orange line) have not risen significantly since the beginning of the 20th century. Shading indicates the range of annual temperatures from the set of models. Observed temperatures are generally within the envelope of model simulations of the historical period (gray shading). Historically unprecedented warming is projected during 21st century. Less warming is expected under a lower emissions future (the coldest years being about as warm as the hottest year in the historical record; green shading) and more warming under a higher emissions future (the hottest years being about 11°F warmer than the hottest year in the historical record; red shading). Source: CICS-NC and NOAA NCEI chapter_identifier: tennessee create_dt: 2015-08-12T00:00:00 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/tennessee/figure/tn-observed-and-projected-temperature-change.yaml identifier: tn-observed-and-projected-temperature-change lat_max: 36.6783 lat_min: 34.9832 lon_max: -90.3105 lon_min: -81.6469 ordinal: 1 report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2100-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1900-01-01T00:00:00 title: Observed and Projected Temperature Change uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/tennessee/figure/tn-observed-and-projected-temperature-change url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: |+2 The observed number of extremely hot days (annual number of days with maximum temperature above 100°F) for 1950–2014, averaged over 5-year periods; these values are averages from 19 long-term reporting stations. The number of extremely hot days has not changed much over the last 60 years, until the most recent decade, which saw a slight increase. Record high numbers occurred during the droughts of the 1930s and early 1950s. The dark horizontal line is the long-term average (1900–2014) of 2.3 days per year. Source: CICS-NC and NOAA NCEI. chapter_identifier: tennessee create_dt: 2015-04-13T00:00:00 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/tennessee/figure/tn-observed-number-of-extremely-hot-days.yaml identifier: tn-observed-number-of-extremely-hot-days lat_max: 36.6783 lat_min: 34.9832 lon_max: -90.3105 lon_min: -81.6469 ordinal: 2 report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2014-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1900-01-01T00:00:00 title: Observed Number of Extremely Hot Days uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/tennessee/figure/tn-observed-number-of-extremely-hot-days url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: |+2 The observed number of very warm nights (annual number of days with minimum temperatures above 75°F) for 1900–2014, averaged over 5-year periods; these values are averages from 19 long-term reporting stations. The number of very warm nights has generally been near the long-term average since 1980, with slightly above average levels for the last 5 years. The dark horizontal line is the long-term average (1900–2014) of 2.0 days per year. Source: CICS-NC and NOAA NCEI chapter_identifier: tennessee create_dt: 2015-04-13T00:00:00 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/tennessee/figure/tn-observed-number-of-very-warm-nights.yaml identifier: tn-observed-number-of-very-warm-nights lat_max: 36.6783 lat_min: 34.9832 lon_max: -90.3105 lon_min: -81.6469 ordinal: 3 report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2014-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1900-01-01T00:00:00 title: Observed Number of Very Warm Nights uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/tennessee/figure/tn-observed-number-of-very-warm-nights url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: |+2 The observed annual precipitation for 1895–2014, averaged over 5-year periods; these values are averages from NCEI’s version 2 climate division dataset. Annual precipitation varies widely from year to year. For the most recent 5-year period (2010–2014), precipitation has been above the long-term average. The dark horizontal line is the long-term average (1895–2014) of 51.8 inches. Source: CICS-NC and NOAA NCEI. chapter_identifier: tennessee create_dt: 2015-04-13T00:00:00 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/tennessee/figure/tn-observed-annual-precipitation.yaml identifier: tn-observed-annual-precipitation lat_max: 36.6783 lat_min: 34.9832 lon_max: -90.3105 lon_min: -81.6469 ordinal: 4 report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2014-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1895-01-01T00:00:00 title: Observed Annual Precipitation uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/tennessee/figure/tn-observed-annual-precipitation url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: |+2 The observed number of extreme precipitation events (annual number of events with greater than 3 inches) for 1950–2014, averaged over 5-year periods; these values are averages from 19 long-term reporting stations. Tennessee has experienced an above average number of extreme precipitation events since 1990, except for the period from 2005 to 2009. The dark horizontal line is the long-term average (1900–2014) of 0.67 days per year. Source: CICS-NC and NOAA NCEI. chapter_identifier: tennessee create_dt: 2015-04-13T00:00:00 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/tennessee/figure/tn-observed-number-of-extreme-precipitation-events.yaml identifier: tn-observed-number-of-extreme-precipitation-events lat_max: 36.6783 lat_min: 34.9832 lon_max: -90.3105 lon_min: -81.6469 ordinal: 5 report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2014-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1900-01-01T00:00:00 title: Observed Number of Extreme Precipitation Events uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/tennessee/figure/tn-observed-number-of-extreme-precipitation-events url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: |+2 The observed total annual summer precipitation for 1895–2014, averaged over 5-year periods; these values are averages from NCEI’s version 2 climate division dataset. The most recent 5-year period experienced above average precipitation. The dark horizontal line is the long-term average (1895–2014) of 12.5 inches. Source: CICS-NC and NOAA NCEI. chapter_identifier: tennessee create_dt: 2015-04-13T00:00:00 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/tennessee/figure/tn-observed-summer-precipitation.yaml identifier: tn-observed-summer-precipitation lat_max: 36.6783 lat_min: 34.9832 lon_max: -90.3105 lon_min: -81.6469 ordinal: 6 report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2014-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1895-01-01T00:00:00 title: Observed Summer Precipitaton uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/tennessee/figure/tn-observed-summer-precipitation url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'Climate model projections of changes (%) in spring precipitation by the middle of the 21st century relative to the late 20th century under a higher emissions pathway. Hatching represents areas where the majority of climate models indicate a statistically significant change. Precipitation is projected to increase in Tennessee. Source: CICS-NC and NOAA NCEI.' chapter_identifier: tennessee create_dt: 2019-02-15T18:31:07 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/tennessee/figure/tn-projected-change-in-spring-precipitation.yaml identifier: tn-projected-change-in-spring-precipitation lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 7 report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: 2019-06-11T16:59:54 time_end: 2070-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1971-01-01T00:00:00 title: Projected Change in Spring Precipitation uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/tennessee/figure/tn-projected-change-in-spring-precipitation url: ~ usage_limits: Figure may be copyright protected and permission may be required. Contact original figure source for information - attributes: ~ caption: "Observed and projected changes (compared to the 1901–1960 average) in near-surface air temperature for Texas. Observed data are for 1900–2014. Projected changes for 2006–2100 are from global climate models for two possible futures: one in which greenhouse gas emissions continue to increase (higher emissions) and another in which greenhouse gas emissions increase at a slower rate (lower emissions). Temperatures in Texas (orange line) have risen about 1°F since the beginning of the 20th century. Shading indicates the range of annual temperatures from the set of models. Observed temperatures are generally within the envelope of model simulations of the historical period (gray shading). Historically unprecedented warming is projected during the 21st century. Less warming is expected under a lower emissions future (the coldest years being about as warm as the hottest year in the historical record; green shading) and more warming under a higher emissions future (the hottest years being about 11°F warmer than the hottest year in the historical record; red shading). Source: CICS-NC and NOAA NCEI.\n\n\t \n\n" chapter_identifier: texas create_dt: 2015-08-12T00:00:00 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/texas/figure/tx-observed-and-projected-temperature-change.yaml identifier: tx-observed-and-projected-temperature-change lat_max: 36.5007 lat_min: 25.8371 lon_max: -106.6460 lon_min: -93.5083 ordinal: 1 report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2100-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1900-01-01T00:00:00 title: Observed and Projected Temperature Change uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/texas/figure/tx-observed-and-projected-temperature-change url: ~ usage_limits: ~ - attributes: ~ caption: |+2 The observed number of extremely hot days (annual number of days with maximum temperature above 100°F) for 1900–2014, averaged over 5-year periods; these values are averages from twenty-six long-term reporting stations.The number of extremely hot days in Texas was mostly above average between 1910 and 1960, below average between the 1960s and early 2000s, and above average again in the last 5 years. The dark horizontal line is the long-term average (1900–2014) of about 20 days per year. Source: CICS-NC and NOAA NCEI. chapter_identifier: texas create_dt: 2015-04-13T00:00:00 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/texas/figure/tx-observed-number-of-extremely-hot-days.yaml identifier: tx-observed-number-of-extremely-hot-days lat_max: 36.5007 lat_min: 25.8371 lon_max: -106.6460 lon_min: -93.5083 ordinal: 2 report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2014-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1899-12-31T00:00:00 title: Observed Number of Extremely Hot Days uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/texas/figure/tx-observed-number-of-extremely-hot-days url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: |+2 The observed number of very warm nights (number of days with minimum temperature above 75°F) for 1900–2014, averaged over 5-year periods; these values are averages from twenty-six long-term reporting stations. The 1970s saw a record low number of very warm nights. That number increased in the early 21st century, with the record highest number occurring in 2010–2014. The dark horizontal line is the long-term average (1900–2014) of about 21 days per year. Source: CICS-NC and NOAA NCEI. chapter_identifier: texas create_dt: 2015-04-13T00:00:00 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/texas/figure/tx-observed-number-of-very-warm-nights.yaml identifier: tx-observed-number-of-very-warm-nights lat_max: 36.5007 lat_min: 25.8371 lon_max: -106.6460 lon_min: -93.5083 ordinal: 3 report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2014-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1900-01-01T00:00:00 title: Observed Number of Very Warm Nights uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/texas/figure/tx-observed-number-of-very-warm-nights url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: ~ chapter_identifier: texas create_dt: 2014-04-24T11:41:00 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/texas/figure/tx-observed-number-of-days-below-freezing.yaml identifier: tx-observed-number-of-days-below-freezing lat_max: 36.5007 lat_min: 25.8371 lon_max: -106.6460 lon_min: -93.5083 ordinal: 4a report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2014-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1900-01-01T00:00:00 title: Observed Number of Days Below Freezing uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/texas/figure/tx-observed-number-of-days-below-freezing url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: ~ chapter_identifier: texas create_dt: 2015-04-13T00:00:00 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/texas/figure/tx-observed-annual-precipitation.yaml identifier: tx-observed-annual-precipitation lat_max: 36.5007 lat_min: 25.8371 lon_max: -106.6460 lon_min: -93.5083 ordinal: 4b report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2014-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1895-01-01T00:00:00 title: Observed Annual Precipitation uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/texas/figure/tx-observed-annual-precipitation url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: ~ chapter_identifier: texas create_dt: 2015-04-13T00:00:00 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/texas/figure/tx-observed-number-of-extreme-precipitation-events.yaml identifier: tx-observed-number-of-extreme-precipitation-events lat_max: 36.5007 lat_min: 25.8371 lon_max: -106.6460 lon_min: ' -93.5083, ' ordinal: 4c report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2014-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1900-01-01T00:00:00 title: Observed Number of Extreme Precipitation Events uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/texas/figure/tx-observed-number-of-extreme-precipitation-events url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: |+2 Texas Palmer Drought Severity Index. While periods of drought are common in Texas, the severity of the 2011 drought exceeded that of any previous drought throughout the history of the instrumental record (1895–2013 shown in red). Reconstruction of drought using proxies (blue) indicate droughts of the 2011 severity have occurred occasionally in the past. Source: NOAA NCEI. chapter_identifier: texas create_dt: 2015-05-07T05:08:00 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/texas/figure/texas-palmer-drought-severity-index.yaml identifier: texas-palmer-drought-severity-index lat_max: 36.5007 lat_min: 25.8371 lon_max: -106.6460 lon_min: -93.5083 ordinal: 6 report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2013-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1000-01-01T00:00:00 title: Texas Palmer Drought Severity Index uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/texas/figure/texas-palmer-drought-severity-index url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: ~ chapter_identifier: texas create_dt: 2019-06-06T15:10:17 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/texas/figure/projected-change-in-annual-precipitation-tx.yaml identifier: projected-change-in-annual-precipitation-tx lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 8 report_identifier: noaa-led-state-summaries-2017 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: 2019-06-11T17:03:23 time_end: 2070-12-31T00:00:00 time_start: 1971-01-01T00:00:00 title: Projected Change in Annual Precipitation uri: /report/noaa-led-state-summaries-2017/chapter/texas/figure/projected-change-in-annual-precipitation-tx url: ~ usage_limits: Figure may be copyright protected and permission may be required. Contact original figure source for information