---
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caption: "(a) Paleoreconstruction of atmospheric CO2 in\r\nparts per million (ppm) versus time over the past 400\r\nmillion years. The Geologic Carbon Cycle (GEOCARB)\r\nModel simulation is depicted by the black line; also\r\nshown (as dots) are publicly archived proxy data for\r\npaleosol carbon isotopes (red), phytoplankton carbon\r\nisotopes (green), stomatal indices (blue), marine boron\r\nisotopes (black), and liverwort carbon isotopes (cyan).\r\n(b) Ocean surface pH, shown in red, has increased over\r\nthe last 50 million years as atmospheric CO2 declined.\r\n[Data sources: Panel (a) from Royer 2006. Data are\r\npublicly available at www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/\r\npaleoclimatology-data/datasets/climate-forcing. Panel\r\n(b) proxy data from Hönisch et al., 2012.]"
chapter:
  doi: 10.7930/SOCCR2.2018.Ch17
  identifier: biogeochemical-effects-of-rising-atmospheric-carbon-dioxide
  number: 17
  report_identifier: second-state-carbon-cycle-report-soccr2-sustained-assessment-report
  sort_key: 170
  title: Biogeochemical Effects of Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide
  url: https://carbon2018.globalchange.gov/chapter/17/
chapter_identifier: biogeochemical-effects-of-rising-atmospheric-carbon-dioxide
cited_by: []
contributors: []
create_dt: 2018-02-16T19:07:36
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report_identifier: second-state-carbon-cycle-report-soccr2-sustained-assessment-report
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submission_dt: 2019-03-15T13:33:56
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title: Geological Context of Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
uri: /report/second-state-carbon-cycle-report-soccr2-sustained-assessment-report/chapter/biogeochemical-effects-of-rising-atmospheric-carbon-dioxide/figure/figure-17-2--geological-context-of-carbon-dioxide--co2--
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usage_limits: Figure may be copyright protected and permission may be required. Contact original figure source for information