---
attrs:
  .reference_type: 0
  Abstract: "The incidence of Western Equine Encephalitis (WEE) in humans and equids peaked during the mid-20th century and has declined to fewer than 1-2 human cases annually during the past 20 years. Using the mouse model, changes in WEE virus (WEEV) virulence were investigated as a potential explanation for the decline in the number of cases. Evaluation of 10 WEEV strains representing a variety of isolation locations, hosts, and all decades from the 1940's to the 1990's yielded no evidence of a decline in virulence. These results suggest that ecological factors affecting human and equine exposure should be investigated to explain the decline in WEE."
  Author: 'Forrester, N. L.; Kenney, J. L.; Deardorff, E.; Wang, E.; Weaver, S. C.'
  DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2008.08.012
  Date: Oct 25
  ISSN: 0042-6822
  Issue: 2
  Journal: Virology
  Keywords: 'Animals; Body Weight; Encephalitis Virus, Western Equine/*pathogenicity; Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine/epidemiology/*virology; Humans; Incidence; Mice; Survival Analysis; Virulence'
  Notes: "Forrester, Naomi L Kenney, Joan L Deardorff, Eleanor Wang, Eryu Weaver, Scott C eng T32 AI007526/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ T32 AI060549/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ T32 AI060549-04/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ T32 AI060549-05/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ U54 AI057156/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ U54 AI057156-010003/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ U54 AI057156-05S18269/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2008/09/20 09:00 Virology. 2008 Oct 25;380(2):170-2. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2008.08.012. Epub 2008 Sep 17."
  Pages: 170-172
  Title: 'Western equine encephalitis submergence: Lack of evidence for a decline in virus virulence'
  Volume: 380
  Year: 2008
  _record_number: 18000
  _uuid: 1adbeb42-3948-4398-aa1f-1eee32bff0c3
  reftype: Journal Article
child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.virol.2008.08.012
href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/1adbeb42-3948-4398-aa1f-1eee32bff0c3.yaml
identifier: 1adbeb42-3948-4398-aa1f-1eee32bff0c3
publications:
  - /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016
  - /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016/chapter/vectorborne-diseases
uri: /reference/1adbeb42-3948-4398-aa1f-1eee32bff0c3