uri,href,identifier,attrs.Abstract,attrs.Author,attrs.DOI,attrs.ISSN,attrs.Issue,attrs.Journal,attrs.Notes,attrs.Pages,attrs.Title,attrs.Volume,attrs.Year,attrs.\.publisher,attrs.\.reference_type,attrs._record_number,attrs._uuid,attrs.reftype,child_publication
/reference/22a12098-889a-4048-9a0f-95105dcbdebc,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/22a12098-889a-4048-9a0f-95105dcbdebc,22a12098-889a-4048-9a0f-95105dcbdebc,"Although infrequently diagnosed in the United States, leptospirosis is a notable reemerging infectious disease throughout developing countries. Until 1995, when the disease was eliminated from the US list of nationally notifiable diseases, Hawaii led the nation in reported annual incidence rates. Leptospirosis remains a notifiable disease in Hawaii. To ascertain the status of leptospirosis in Hawaii since the most recent US report in 2002, we reviewed 1999–2008 data obtained from case investigation reports by the Hawaii State Department of Health. Of the 345 case reports related to in-state exposures, 198 (57%) were laboratory confirmed. Our findings indicate a change in seasonal disease occurrence from summer to winter and in the infective serogroup from Icterohemorrhagiae to Australis. Also, during the past 20 years, recreational exposures have plateaued, while occupational exposures have increased. Ongoing surveillance is needed to clarify and track the dynamic epidemiology of this widespread zoonosis.","Katz, Alan R.; Buchholz, Arlene E.; Hinson, Kialani; Park, Sarah Y.; Effler, Paul V.",10.3201/eid1702.101109,1080-6059,2,"Emerging Infectious Diseases","10-1109[PII] 21291592[pmid] Emerg Infect Dis",221-226,"Leptospirosis in Hawaii, USA, 1999–2008",17,2011,"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention",0,19033,22a12098-889a-4048-9a0f-95105dcbdebc,"Journal Article",/article/10.3201/eid1702.101109
/reference/22acf211-b716-4aae-8607-f514b0d05f19,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/22acf211-b716-4aae-8607-f514b0d05f19,22acf211-b716-4aae-8607-f514b0d05f19,,"Kennedy, Gina; Nantel, Guy; Shetty, Prakash",,,,"Food Nutrition and Agriculture",,8-16,"The scourge of ""hidden hunger"": Global dimensions of micronutrient deficiencies",32,2003,,0,17957,22acf211-b716-4aae-8607-f514b0d05f19,"Journal Article",/report/fao-hiddenhunger-2003
/reference/22bdb2cf-4fe1-4bb5-ac21-3bc3f0c6790b,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/22bdb2cf-4fe1-4bb5-ac21-3bc3f0c6790b,22bdb2cf-4fe1-4bb5-ac21-3bc3f0c6790b,,"Solomon, E. B.; Yaron, S.; Matthews, K. R.",10.1128/aem.68.1.397-400.2002,0099-2240,1,"Applied and Environmental Microbiology",,397-400,"Transmission of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from contaminated manure and irrigation water to lettuce plant tissue and its subsequent internalization",68,2002,,0,17940,22bdb2cf-4fe1-4bb5-ac21-3bc3f0c6790b,"Journal Article",/article/10.1128/aem.68.1.397-400.2002
/reference/22ca8e37-f5b4-4f86-90d4-e3662b7d6245,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/22ca8e37-f5b4-4f86-90d4-e3662b7d6245,22ca8e37-f5b4-4f86-90d4-e3662b7d6245,"In this paper, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) presents an approach and a national estimate of drinking water related endemic acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) that uses information from epidemiologic studies. There have been a limited number of epidemiologic studies that have measured waterborne disease occurrence in the United States. For this analysis, we assume that certain unknown incidence of AGI in each public drinking water system is due to drinking water and that a statistical distribution of the different incidence rates for the population served by each system can be estimated to inform a mean national estimate of AGI illness due to drinking water. Data from public water systems suggest that the incidence rate of AGI due to drinking water may vary by several orders of magnitude. In addition, data from epidemiologic studies show AGI incidence due to drinking water ranging from essentially none (or less than the study detection level) to a rate of 0.26 cases per person-year. Considering these two perspectives collectively, and associated uncertainties, EPA has developed an analytical approach and model for generating a national estimate of annual AGI illness due to drinking water. EPA developed a national estimate of waterborne disease to address, in part, the 1996 Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments. The national estimate uses best available science, but also recognizes gaps in the data to support some of the model assumptions and uncertainties in the estimate. Based on the model presented, EPA estimates a mean incidence of AGI attributable to drinking water of 0.06 cases per year (with a 95% credible interval of 0.02-0.12). The mean estimate represents approximately 8.5% of cases of AGI illness due to all causes among the population served by community water systems. The estimated incidence translates to 16.4 million cases/year among the same population. The estimate illustrates the potential usefulness and challenges of the approach, and provides a focus for discussions of data needs and future study designs. Areas of major uncertainty that currently limit the usefulness of the approach are discussed in the context of the estimate analysis.","Messner, M.; Shaw, S.; Regli, S.; Rotert, K.; Blank, V.; Soller, J.",10.2166/wh.2006.024,1477-8920,"Suppl 2","Journal of Water and Health","Messner, Michael Shaw, Susan Regli, Stig Rotert, Ken Blank, Valerie Soller, Jeff Journal Article England J Water Health. 2006;4 Suppl 2:201-40.",201-240,"An approach for developing a national estimate of waterborne disease due to drinking water and a national estimate model application","4 Suppl 2",2006,,0,18980,22ca8e37-f5b4-4f86-90d4-e3662b7d6245,"Journal Article",/article/10.2166/wh.2006.024
/reference/22dc1579-7325-4f43-bac6-949f59609066,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/22dc1579-7325-4f43-bac6-949f59609066,22dc1579-7325-4f43-bac6-949f59609066,,"Medina, Angel; Rodriguez, Alicia; Magan, Naresh",10.3389/fmicb.2014.00348,1664-302X,348,"Frontiers in Microbiology",,,"Effect of climate change on Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin B1 production",5,2014,,0,16206,22dc1579-7325-4f43-bac6-949f59609066,"Journal Article",/article/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00348
/reference/2306dc6d-f95a-46e2-bf28-300083f31dec,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2306dc6d-f95a-46e2-bf28-300083f31dec,2306dc6d-f95a-46e2-bf28-300083f31dec,,"Riera, Antonio; Navas-Nazario, Aledie; Shabanova, Veronika; Vaca, Federico E.",10.3109/02770903.2013.858266,1532-4303,2,"Journal of Asthma",,178-184,"The impact of limited English proficiency on asthma action plan use",51,2014,,0,16411,2306dc6d-f95a-46e2-bf28-300083f31dec,"Journal Article",/article/10.3109/02770903.2013.858266
/reference/2316e212-8f26-4828-8c38-86827dc8771e,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2316e212-8f26-4828-8c38-86827dc8771e,2316e212-8f26-4828-8c38-86827dc8771e,"BACKGROUND: Naegleria fowleri is a climate-sensitive, thermophilic ameba found in the environment, including warm, freshwater lakes and rivers. Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), which is almost universally fatal, occurs when N. fowleri-containing water enters the nose, typically during swimming, and N. fowleri migrates to the brain via the olfactory nerve. In 2011, 2 adults died in Louisiana hospitals of infectious meningoencephalitis after brief illnesses. METHODS: Clinical and environmental testing and case investigations were initiated to determine the cause of death and to identify the exposures. RESULTS: Both patients had diagnoses of PAM. Their only reported water exposures were tap water used for household activities, including regular sinus irrigation with neti pots. Water samples, tap swab samples, and neti pots were collected from both households and tested; N. fowleri were identified in water samples from both homes. CONCLUSIONS: These are the first reported PAM cases in the United States associated with the presence of N. fowleri in household plumbing served by treated municipal water supplies and the first reports of PAM potentially associated with the use of a nasal irrigation device. These cases occurred in the context of an expanding geographic range for PAM beyond southern tier states with recent case reports from Minnesota, Kansas, and Virginia. These infections introduce an additional consideration for physicians recommending nasal irrigation and demonstrate the importance of using appropriate water (distilled, boiled, filtered) for nasal irrigation. Furthermore, the changing epidemiology of PAM highlights the importance of raising awareness about this disease among physicians treating persons showing meningitislike symptoms.","Yoder, J. S.; Straif-Bourgeois, S.; Roy, S. L.; Moore, T. A.; Visvesvara, G. S.; Ratard, R. C.; Hill, V. R.; Wilson, J. D.; Linscott, A. J.; Crager, R.; Kozak, N. A.; Sriram, R.; Narayanan, J.; Mull, B.; Kahler, A. M.; Schneeberger, C.; da Silva, A. J.; Poudel, M.; Baumgarten, K. L.; Xiao, L.; Beach, M. J.",10.1093/cid/cis626,1537-6591,9,"Clinical Infectious Diseases","1537-6591 Yoder, Jonathan S Straif-Bourgeois, Susanne Roy, Sharon L Moore, Thomas A Visvesvara, Govinda S Ratard, Raoult C Hill, Vincent R Wilson, Jon D Linscott, Andrea J Crager, Ron Kozak, Natalia A Sriram, Rama Narayanan, Jothikumar Mull, Bonnie Kahler, Amy M Schneeberger, Chandra da Silva, Alexandre J Poudel, Mahendra Baumgarten, Katherine L Xiao, Lihua Beach, Michael J Case Reports Journal Article United States Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Nov;55(9):e79-85. doi: 10.1093/cid/cis626. Epub 2012 Aug 22.",e79-e85,"Primary amebic meningoencephalitis deaths associated with sinus irrigation using contaminated tap water",55,2012,,0,19024,2316e212-8f26-4828-8c38-86827dc8771e,"Journal Article",/article/10.1093/cid/cis626
/reference/235f4a57-2262-47cb-a0c0-a8df7c017e1d,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/235f4a57-2262-47cb-a0c0-a8df7c017e1d,235f4a57-2262-47cb-a0c0-a8df7c017e1d,,"Sercu, Bram; Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C.; Murray, Jill L. S.; Holden, Patricia A.",10.1021/es200981k,1520-5851,17,"Environmental Science & Technology",,7151-7157,"Sewage exfiltration as a source of storm drain contamination during dry weather in urban watersheds",45,2011,,0,18855,235f4a57-2262-47cb-a0c0-a8df7c017e1d,"Journal Article",/article/10.1021/es200981k
/reference/23698ef9-9662-4f1e-8204-9c8fa2c1c532,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/23698ef9-9662-4f1e-8204-9c8fa2c1c532,23698ef9-9662-4f1e-8204-9c8fa2c1c532,,"Vereen, Ethell, Jr.; Lowrance, R. Richard; Jenkins, Michael B.; Adams, Paige; Rajeev, Sreekumari; Lipp, Erin K.",10.1016/j.watres.2013.07.028,1879-2448,16,"Water Research",,6075-6085,"Landscape and seasonal factors influence Salmonella and Campylobacter prevalence in a rural mixed use watershed",47,2013,,0,18867,23698ef9-9662-4f1e-8204-9c8fa2c1c532,"Journal Article",/article/10.1016/j.watres.2013.07.028
/reference/236f2212-2b3d-4919-a675-239444643afc,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/236f2212-2b3d-4919-a675-239444643afc,236f2212-2b3d-4919-a675-239444643afc,,USFA,,,,,,63,"Firefighter Fatalities in the United States in 2012",,2013,,10,18251,236f2212-2b3d-4919-a675-239444643afc,Report,/report/fema-firefighter-fatalities-united-states-2012
/reference/23de5705-632a-423f-acfc-9d0aae2e1c57,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/23de5705-632a-423f-acfc-9d0aae2e1c57,23de5705-632a-423f-acfc-9d0aae2e1c57,"BACKGROUND: Indigenous American communities face disproportionate health burdens and environmental health risks compared with the average North American population. These health impacts are issues of both environmental and reproductive justice. OBJECTIVES: In this commentary, we review five indigenous communities in various stages of environmental health research and discuss the intersection of environmental health and reproductive justice issues in these communities as well as the limitations of legal recourse. DISCUSSION: The health disparities impacting life expectancy and reproductive capabilities in indigenous communities are due to a combination of social, economic, and environmental factors. The system of federal environmental and Indian law is insufficient to protect indigenous communities from environmental contamination. Many communities are interested in developing appropriate research partnerships in order to discern the full impact of environmental contamination and prevent further damage. CONCLUSIONS: Continued research involving collaborative partnerships among scientific researchers, community members, and health care providers is needed to determine the impacts of this contamination and to develop approaches for remediation and policy interventions.","Hoover, E.; Cook, K.; Plain, R.; Sanchez, K.; Waghiyi, V.; Miller, P.; Dufault, R.; Sislin, C.; Carpenter, D. O.",10.1289/ehp.1205422,1552-9924,12,"Environmental Health Perspectives","1552-9924 Hoover, Elizabeth Cook, Katsi Plain, Ron Sanchez, Kathy Waghiyi, Vi Miller, Pamela Dufault, Renee Sislin, Caitlin Carpenter, David O Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't United States Environ Health Perspect. 2012 Dec;120(12):1645-9. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1205422. Epub 2012 Aug 16.",1645-1649,"Indigenous peoples of North America: Environmental exposures and reproductive justice",120,2012,,0,19084,23de5705-632a-423f-acfc-9d0aae2e1c57,"Journal Article",/article/10.1289/ehp.1205422
/reference/23f2225e-c4f5-45f0-9bab-1f3c97848dc2,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/23f2225e-c4f5-45f0-9bab-1f3c97848dc2,23f2225e-c4f5-45f0-9bab-1f3c97848dc2,,"Davis, R. E.; Knappenberger, P. C.; Novicoff, W. M.; Michaels, P. J.",10.3354/cr022175,1616-1572,,"Climate Research",,175-184,"Decadal changes in heat-related human mortality in the eastern United States",22,2002,,0,17591,23f2225e-c4f5-45f0-9bab-1f3c97848dc2,"Journal Article",/article/10.3354/cr022175
/reference/240fe936-11ca-4d47-a234-a5533a96e248,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/240fe936-11ca-4d47-a234-a5533a96e248,240fe936-11ca-4d47-a234-a5533a96e248,"1. Over the past two decades, Ixodes scapularis, the primary tick vector of the Lyme disease pathogen Borrelia burgdorferi in North America has expanded its range northward from the USA to colonize new regions in southern Canada. We have previously projected range increases for I. scapularis based on temperature suitability, but to what extent this is matched by actual tick range expansion is unknown. 2. Since 1990, I. scapularis ticks have been collected across Canada offering a unique opportunity to track the range expansion of an arthropod vector. We used these data to model time-to-establishment for tick populations across Canada to identify factors influencing the rate of spread. 3. Our results point to both long-distance dispersal of ticks by migratory birds and local dispersal by resident hosts as important potential mechanisms underlying patterns of tick range expansion. 4. Temperature (accumulated degree days > 0 degrees C) was the most important determinant of environmental suitability for tick population establishment, suggesting that climate warming may facilitate range expansion. 5. Model projections suggest that I. scapularis range will expand c. 46 km year) 1 in the coming decade, with climate warming expected to increase the rate of spread. This expansion is likely to result in a substantial increase in human Lyme disease risk, with the proportion of the human population of eastern Canada inhabiting areas with established tick populations increasing from 18% in 2010 to over 80% by 2020. 6. This first empirical model of I. scapularis invasion supports theoretical range projections based on climate suitability and provides a unique data-driven estimate of the speed of northward range expansion for I. scapularis at the continental scale. 7. Synthesis and applications. By tracking I. scapularis invasion in Canada over the past two decades, we show that I. scapularis is rapidly expanding its range and is likely to colonize the most densely populated areas of southern Canada in the coming decade. These projections suggest that prompt action is necessary to prepare the Canadian public for a likely epidemic of Lyme disease, with emphasis on focusing surveillance activities to confirm the locations of emerging Lyme disease risk.","Leighton, P. A.; Koffi, J. K.; Pelcat, Y.; Lindsay, L. R.; Ogden, N. H.",10.1111/j.1365-2664.2012.02112.x,1365-2664,2,"Journal of Applied Ecology","916BF Times Cited:22 Cited References Count:35",457-464,"Predicting the speed of tick invasion: An empirical model of range expansion for the Lyme disease vector Ixodes scapularis in Canada",49,2012,,0,17743,240fe936-11ca-4d47-a234-a5533a96e248,"Journal Article",/article/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2012.02112.x
/reference/2420a523-8ebc-4513-bf7c-dc6ab3e9abad,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2420a523-8ebc-4513-bf7c-dc6ab3e9abad,2420a523-8ebc-4513-bf7c-dc6ab3e9abad,,"Klein, Terry A.; Pacha, Laura A.; Lee, Hee-Choon S.; Kim, Heung-Chul; Lee, Won-Ja; Lee, Jong-Koo; Jeung, Gi-Gon; Sames, William J.; Gaydos, Joel C.",10.7205/MILMED-D-01-4608,1930-613X,4,"Military Medicine",,412-418,"Plasmodium vivax malaria among U.S. Forces Korea in the Republic of Korea, 1993-2007",174,2009,,0,19251,2420a523-8ebc-4513-bf7c-dc6ab3e9abad,"Journal Article",/article/10.7205/MILMED-D-01-4608
/reference/243f4b3b-7596-469f-ac11-3610ddb033f8,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/243f4b3b-7596-469f-ac11-3610ddb033f8,243f4b3b-7596-469f-ac11-3610ddb033f8,,"Emelko, Monica B.; Silins, Uldis; Bladon, Kevin D.; Stone, Micheal",10.1016/j.watres.2010.08.051,1879-2448,2,"Water Research",,461-472,"Implications of land disturbance on drinking water treatability in a changing climate: Demonstrating the need for ""source water supply and protection"" strategies",45,2011,,0,19186,243f4b3b-7596-469f-ac11-3610ddb033f8,"Journal Article",/article/10.1016/j.watres.2010.08.051
/reference/246569fc-019d-4f86-a64b-89320403246a,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/246569fc-019d-4f86-a64b-89320403246a,246569fc-019d-4f86-a64b-89320403246a,,"Caillouet, Kevin A.; Michaels, Sarah R.; Xiong, X.; Foppa, Ivo; Wesson, Dawn M.",10.3201/eid1405.071066,1080-6059,5,"Emerging Infectious Diseases",,804-807,"Increase in West Nile neuroinvasive disease after Hurricane Katrina",14,2008,,0,19207,246569fc-019d-4f86-a64b-89320403246a,"Journal Article",/article/10.3201/eid1405.071066
/reference/2466d08a-8dfe-4883-88e4-e6b5839dddd5,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2466d08a-8dfe-4883-88e4-e6b5839dddd5,2466d08a-8dfe-4883-88e4-e6b5839dddd5,,"40 CFR Part 82",,,,,,,"Request for Public Engagement in the Interagency Special Report on the Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States",,2014,,10,19306,2466d08a-8dfe-4883-88e4-e6b5839dddd5,Report,/report/federalregister-40-cfr-part-82
/reference/2471c8e7-348f-40c2-9a28-0d46d3d1f1df,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/2471c8e7-348f-40c2-9a28-0d46d3d1f1df,2471c8e7-348f-40c2-9a28-0d46d3d1f1df,"An understanding of the spatial distribution of the black-legged tick, Ixodes scapularis, is a fundamental component in assessing human risk for Lyme disease in much of the United States. Although a county-level vector distribution map exists for the United States, its accuracy is limited by arbitrary categories of its reported presence. It is unknown whether reported positive areas can support established populations and whether negative areas are suitable for established populations. The steadily increasing range of I. scapularis in the United States suggests that all suitable habitats are not currently occupied. Therefore, we developed a spatially predictive logistic model for I. scapularis in the 48 conterminous states to improve the previous vector distribution map. We used ground-observed environmental data to predict the probability of established I. scapularis populations. The autologistic analysis showed that maximum, minimum, and mean temperatures as well as vapor pressure significantly contribute to population maintenance with an accuracy of 95% (p < 0.0001). A cutoff probability for habitat suitability was assessed by sensitivity analysis and was used to reclassify the previous distribution map. The spatially modeled relationship between I. scapularis presence and large-scale environmental data provides a robust suitability model that reveals essential environmental determinants of habitat suitability, predicts emerging areas of Lyme disease risk, and generates the future pattern of I. scapularis across the United States.","Brownstein, John S.; Holford, Theodore R.; Fish, Durland",10.1289/ehp.6052,1552-9924,9,"Environmental Health Perspectives","12842766[pmid] Environ Health Perspect",1152-1157,"A climate-based model predicts the spatial distribution of the Lyme disease vector Ixodes scapularis in the United States",111,2003,,0,18337,2471c8e7-348f-40c2-9a28-0d46d3d1f1df,"Journal Article",/article/10.1289/ehp.6052
/reference/248a40d4-9638-4e22-ac87-aa9184159d25,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/248a40d4-9638-4e22-ac87-aa9184159d25,248a40d4-9638-4e22-ac87-aa9184159d25,"Distribution of the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis Say, is poorly defined in Ontario. An endemic population is known on Long Point peninsula, Lake Erie, Ontario, but I. scapularis adults have also been collected from other localities within the province. To test the hypothesis that distribution of the blacklegged tick is limited by cold climatic extremes, 35 fed female, 70 unfed adult, and 70 unfed nymphal I. scapularis were held in containers within four natural habitats on Long Point (42 degrees 36' N; 80 degrees 5' W) and at northern localities near Ottawa (45 degrees 27' N; 75 degrees 42' W), Hearst (49 degrees 40' N; 83 degrees 41' W), and Kenora (49 degrees 47' N; 94 degrees 29' W), Ontario, from early December 1991 until May 1993. At the northern localities, 84.8 and 30.5% of fed females and unfed adults survived overwinter, respectively. On Long Point, 56.4% of fed females and 23.6% of unfed adults successfully overwintered. Longevity of fed females and unfed adults was increased by > 2 mo at the northern localities compared with Long Point, although survival rates for unfed nymphs at the northern sites and on Long Point were similar. Females within the four habitats on Long Point, and at Kenora and Ottawa, laid eggs from late April to mid-May, whereas eggs were deposited in late June at Hearst. Emergence of larvae from eggs began in late July or early August on Long Point and at Ottawa. Larvae were first observed in early October at Kenora, and no larvae emerged during 1992 at Hearst. Some eggs that overwintered during 1992-1993 at the northern sites were viable; however, hatching rate was < 10%. The minimum duration of the life cycle of I. scapularis is extended when ticks are introduced into regions of the province with seasonal degree-day accumulations lower than those observed on Long Point. Delays in deposition of eggs and emergence of larvae at Hearst and Kenora were likely a result of insufficient accumulation of degree-days above threshold temperatures for development in 1992. Though some eggs can overwinter successfully, suggesting that latitude-related reduction in seasonal temperature may not limit distribution of this tick in Ontario, hatchability was low. This factor, combined with innate incremental mortality at each instar, difficulty in finding a mate, and low density of medium to large mammal hosts for adults, may mitigate against establishment of I. scapularis by introduction of individual ticks into certain northern regions.","Lindsay, L. R.; Barker, I. K.; Surgeoner, G. A.; McEwen, S. A.; Gillespie, T. J.; Robinson, J. T.",10.1093/jmedent/32.2.143,1938-2928,2,"Journal of Medical Entomology","Lindsay, L R Barker, I K Surgeoner, G A McEwen, S A Gillespie, T J Robinson, J T eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 1995/03/01 J Med Entomol. 1995 Mar;32(2):143-52.",143-152,"Survival and development of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) under various climatic conditions in Ontario, Canada",32,1995,,0,18012,248a40d4-9638-4e22-ac87-aa9184159d25,"Journal Article",/article/10.1093/jmedent/32.2.143
/reference/24aa2b5f-db54-4fcc-b2df-f0161076de79,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/24aa2b5f-db54-4fcc-b2df-f0161076de79,24aa2b5f-db54-4fcc-b2df-f0161076de79,,"Grifferty, A.; Barrington, S.",10.2134/jeq2000.00472425002900020011x,1537-2537,2,"Journal of Environmental Quality",,443-446,"Zinc uptake by young wheat plants under two transpiration regimes",29,2000,,0,17908,24aa2b5f-db54-4fcc-b2df-f0161076de79,"Journal Article",/article/10.2134/jeq2000.00472425002900020011x
/reference/250b4ec3-1264-4570-8417-c00e6d8752a8,https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/250b4ec3-1264-4570-8417-c00e6d8752a8,250b4ec3-1264-4570-8417-c00e6d8752a8,"BACKGROUND: During the summer of 2003 numerous fires burned in British Columbia, Canada. OBJECTIVES: We examined the associations between respiratory and cardiovascular physician visits and hospital admissions, and three measures of smoke exposure over a 92-day study period (1 July to 30 September 2003). METHODS: A population-based cohort of 281,711 residents was identified from administrative data. Spatially specific daily exposure estimates were assigned to each subject based on total measurements of particulate matter (PM) ≤ 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) from six regulatory tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) air quality monitors, smoke-related PM10 from a CALPUFF dispersion model run for the study, and a SMOKE exposure metric for plumes visible in satellite images. Logistic regression with repeated measures was used to estimate associations with each outcome. RESULTS: The mean (± SD) exposure based on TEOM-measured PM10 was 29 ± 31 μg/m3, with an interquartile range of 14-31 μg/m3. Correlations between the TEOM, smoke, and CALPUFF metrics were moderate (0.37-0.76). Odds ratios (ORs) for a 30-μg/m3 increase in TEOM-based PM10 were 1.05 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03-1.06] for all respiratory physician visits, 1.16 (95% CI, 1.09-1.23) for asthma-specific visits, and 1.15 (95% CI, 1.00-1.29) for respiratory hospital admissions. Associations with cardiovascular outcomes were largely null. CONCLUSIONS: Overall we found that increases in TEOM-measured PM10 were associated with increased odds of respiratory physician visits and hospital admissions, but not with cardiovascular health outcomes. Results indicating effects of fire smoke on respiratory outcomes are consistent with previous studies, as are the null results for cardiovascular outcomes. Some agreement between TEOM and the other metrics suggests that exposure assessment tools that are independent of air quality monitoring may be useful with further refinement.","Henderson, S. B.
Brauer, M.
Macnab, Y. C.
Kennedy, S. M.",10.1289/ehp.1002288,1552-9924,9,"Environmental Health Perspectives","Journal Article,Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",1266-1271,"Three measures of forest fire smoke exposure and their associations with respiratory and cardiovascular health outcomes in a population-based cohort",119,2011,,0,4200,250b4ec3-1264-4570-8417-c00e6d8752a8,"Journal Article",/article/10.1289/ehp.1002288
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