--- - attrs: .publisher: Elsevier .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Daley, W. Randolph; Smith, Andrew; Paz-Argandona, Enrique; Malilay, Josephine; McGeehin, Michael' DOI: 10.1016/S0736-4679(99)00184-5 ISSN: 0736-4679 Issue: 1 Journal: The Journal of Emergency Medicine Pages: 87-93 Title: An outbreak of carbon monoxide poisoning after a major ice storm in Maine Volume: 18 Year: 2000 _record_number: 18992 _uuid: ad3c4329-eac0-47ea-8342-be6ca602610c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/S0736-4679(99)00184-5 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ad3c4329-eac0-47ea-8342-be6ca602610c.yaml identifier: ad3c4329-eac0-47ea-8342-be6ca602610c uri: /reference/ad3c4329-eac0-47ea-8342-be6ca602610c - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'We examined the variation in association between high temperatures and elderly mortality (age >/= 75 years) from year to year in 83 US cities between 1987 and 2000. We used a Poisson regression model and decomposed the mortality risk for high temperatures into: a "main effect" due to high temperatures using lagged non-linear function, and an "added effect" due to consecutive high temperature days. We pooled yearly effects across both regional and national levels. The high temperature effects (both main and added effects) on elderly mortality varied greatly from year to year. In every city there was at least one year where higher temperatures were associated with lower mortality. Years with relatively high heat-related mortality were often followed by years with relatively low mortality. These year to year changes have important consequences for heat-warning systems and for predictions of heat-related mortality due to climate change.' Author: 'Guo, Y.; Barnett, A. G.; Tong, S.' DOI: 10.1038/srep00830 ISSN: 2045-2322 Issue: 830 Journal: Scientific Reports Keywords: 'Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Hot Temperature; Humans; Male; Mortality; Seasons; Temperature; United States/epidemiology' Language: eng Notes: "Guo, Yuming Barnett, Adrian G Tong, Shilu Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England Sci Rep. 2012;2:830. doi: 10.1038/srep00830. Epub 2012 Nov 9." Title: 'High temperatures-related elderly mortality varied greatly from year to year: Important information for heat-warning systems' Volume: 2 Year: 2012 _record_number: 4498 _uuid: ad5fb3ba-9924-4df9-a68f-1e94822f78f9 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/srep00830 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ad5fb3ba-9924-4df9-a68f-1e94822f78f9.yaml identifier: ad5fb3ba-9924-4df9-a68f-1e94822f78f9 uri: /reference/ad5fb3ba-9924-4df9-a68f-1e94822f78f9 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Heaney, C.D.; Wing, S.; Wilson, S.M.; Campbell, R.L.; Caldwell, D.; Hopkins, B.; O'Shea, S.; Yeatts, K." ISSN: 0022-0892 Issue: 10 Journal: Journal of Environmental Health PMC: 4514614 Pages: 24-36 Title: Public infrastructure disparities and the microbiological and chemical safety of drinking and surface water supplies in a community bordering a landfill URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4514614 Volume: 75 Year: 2013 _record_number: 19303 _uuid: ad69c664-54bc-4c2e-bc99-c86829c0ee35 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/pmid-23858663 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ad69c664-54bc-4c2e-bc99-c86829c0ee35.yaml identifier: ad69c664-54bc-4c2e-bc99-c86829c0ee35 uri: /reference/ad69c664-54bc-4c2e-bc99-c86829c0ee35 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: 'Ott, W.R.' Book Title: Proceedings of the Research Planning Conference on Human Activity Patterns Pages: 3-1 to 3-38 Place Published: 'Las Vegas, NV' Publisher: EPA National Exposure Research Laboratory Title: 'Human activity patterns: A review of the literature for estimating time spent indoors, outdoors, and in transit' Volume: EPA/600/4-89/004 Year: 1989 _record_number: 18530 _uuid: ada33d6a-7403-4a59-9b6d-f2777dd75f38 reftype: Book Section child_publication: ~ href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ada33d6a-7403-4a59-9b6d-f2777dd75f38.yaml identifier: ada33d6a-7403-4a59-9b6d-f2777dd75f38 uri: /reference/ada33d6a-7403-4a59-9b6d-f2777dd75f38 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'The new scenario framework for climate change research envisions combining pathways of future radiative forcing and their associated climate changes with alternative pathways of socioeconomic development in order to carry out research on climate change impacts, adaptation, and mitigation. Here we propose a conceptual framework for how to define and develop a set of Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) for use within the scenario framework. We define SSPs as reference pathways describing plausible alternative trends in the evolution of society and ecosystems over a century timescale, in the absence of climate change or climate policies. We introduce the concept of a space of challenges to adaptation and to mitigation that should be spanned by the SSPs, and discuss how particular trends in social, economic, and environmental development could be combined to produce such outcomes. A comparison to the narratives from the scenarios developed in the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) illustrates how a starting point for developing SSPs can be defined. We suggest initial development of a set of basic SSPs that could then be extended to meet more specific purposes, and envision a process of application of basic and extended SSPs that would be iterative and potentially lead to modification of the original SSPs themselves.' Author: 'O’Neill, Brian C.; Kriegler, Elmar; Riahi, Keywan; Ebi, Kristie L.; Hallegatte, Stephane; Carter, Timothy R.; Mathur, Ritu; van Vuuren, Detlef P.' DOI: 10.1007/s10584-013-0905-2 Date: February 01 ISSN: 1573-1480 Issue: 3 Journal: Climatic Change Pages: 387-400 Title: 'A new scenario framework for climate change research: The concept of shared socioeconomic pathways' Type of Article: journal article Volume: 122 Year: 2014 _chapter: Ch10 _record_number: 16544 _uuid: ae138b1a-a619-4312-a671-0f671a85662b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10584-013-0905-2 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ae138b1a-a619-4312-a671-0f671a85662b.yaml identifier: ae138b1a-a619-4312-a671-0f671a85662b uri: /reference/ae138b1a-a619-4312-a671-0f671a85662b - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Anderson, Craig A.; Bushman, Brad J.; Groom, Ralph W.' DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.73.6.1213 ISSN: 0022-3514 Issue: 6 Journal: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Pages: 1213-1223 Title: 'Hot years and serious and deadly assault: Empirical tests of the heat hypothesis' Volume: 73 Year: 1997 _chapter: Ch8 _record_number: 16353 _uuid: ae62c0bd-dc78-44f1-a80f-b34ac58b1970 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1037/0022-3514.73.6.1213 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/ae62c0bd-dc78-44f1-a80f-b34ac58b1970.yaml identifier: ae62c0bd-dc78-44f1-a80f-b34ac58b1970 uri: /reference/ae62c0bd-dc78-44f1-a80f-b34ac58b1970 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Thomas, Andrew C.; Weatherbee, Ryan; Xue, Huijie; Liu, Guimei' DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2010.03.002 ISSN: 1878-1470 Issue: 5 Journal: Harmful Algae Pages: 458-480 Title: 'Interannual variability of shellfish toxicity in the Gulf of Maine: Time and space patterns and links to environmental variability' Volume: 9 Year: 2010 _record_number: 17477 _uuid: aed02b78-4d7c-4cce-863e-f4cab8862321 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.hal.2010.03.002 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/aed02b78-4d7c-4cce-863e-f4cab8862321.yaml identifier: aed02b78-4d7c-4cce-863e-f4cab8862321 uri: /reference/aed02b78-4d7c-4cce-863e-f4cab8862321 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: "Brown, M.E.; Antle, J.M.; Backlund, P.; Carr, E.R.; Easterling, W.E.; Walsh, M.K.; Ammann, C.; Attavanich, W.; Barrett, C.B.; Bellemare, M.F.; Dancheck, V.; Funk, C.; Grace, K.; Ingram, J.S.I.; Jiang, H.; Maletta, H.; Mata, T.; Murray, A.; Ngugi, M.; Ojima, D.; O'Neill, B.; Tebaldi, C." Pages: 146 Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Title: 'Climate Change, Global Food Security and the U.S. Food System' URL: http://www.usda.gov/oce/climate_change/FoodSecurity2015Assessment/FullAssessment.pdf Year: 2015 _record_number: 19322 _uuid: af26d1a8-db0b-4bf9-9760-1cae9f355e6e reftype: Report child_publication: /report/usda-climate-change-global-food-security-us-food-system-2015 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/af26d1a8-db0b-4bf9-9760-1cae9f355e6e.yaml identifier: af26d1a8-db0b-4bf9-9760-1cae9f355e6e uri: /reference/af26d1a8-db0b-4bf9-9760-1cae9f355e6e - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: "SETTING: Asthma symptoms in adults in relation to the indoor environment. OBJECTIVES: To study the relationships between current asthma symptoms (wheeze or attacks of breathlessness) and the indoor environment and dampness in hospitals. DESIGN: A study among personnel (n = 87) in four geriatric hospitals in winter. Indoor air pollutants, dampness in the concrete floor, and allergens in settled dust were measured. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied, adjusting for age, sex, atopy, and dampness in the participants' own dwellings. RESULTS: Current asthma symptoms were reported by 17%, and 8% had doctor's diagnosed asthma. Asthma symptoms were more common (adjusted odds ratio = 8.6; 95% confidence interval 1.3-56.7) in two buildings with signs of dampness-related degradation of di(ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) floor material, detected as presence of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (2-32 microg/m3) in indoor air (CAS nr 104-76-7). Asthma symptoms were related to higher relative humidity in the upper concrete floor construction, and ammonia in the floor. The newest hospital, built by an anthroposophic society, had low levels of dampness and few asthma symptoms (4%). Cat (Fel d1) and dog allergens (Can f1) were found in dust from all buildings (geometric mean 340 ng/g and 2490 ng/g, respectively). House dust mite allergens (Derp1, Derf1, or Derm1) were found in 75% of all samples (geometric mean 130 ng/g). There was no relationship between allergen levels and asthma symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Asthma symptoms may be related to increased humidity in concrete floor constructions and emission of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, an indicator of dampness-related alkaline degradation of plasticiser DEHP. Moreover, geriatric hospitals can be contaminated by significant amounts of cat, dog and mite allergens." Author: 'Norbäck, D.; Wieslander, G.; Nordström, K.; Wålinder, R.' Date: Nov Issue: 11 Journal: International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Keywords: 'Air Pollution, Indoor/*adverse effects; Allergens; Asthma/epidemiology/*etiology; *Construction Materials; Diethylhexyl Phthalate/*adverse effects; Female; Hexanols/*adverse effects; Hospital Design and Construction; *Hospitals; Humans; Humidity/*adverse effects; Logistic Models; Male; Personnel, Hospital; Sweden/epidemiology' Language: eng Notes: "Norback, D Wieslander, G Nordstrom, K Walinder, R Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't France Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2000 Nov;4(11):1016-25." Pages: 1016-1025 Title: 'Asthma symptoms in relation to measured building dampness in upper concrete floor construction, and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol in indoor air' URL: http://www.nchh.org/portals/0/contents/article0877.pdf Volume: 4 Year: 2000 _record_number: 18528 _uuid: af729802-608b-4d90-a848-0796d625f332 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/pmid-11092713 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/af729802-608b-4d90-a848-0796d625f332.yaml identifier: af729802-608b-4d90-a848-0796d625f332 uri: /reference/af729802-608b-4d90-a848-0796d625f332 - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Author: National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine Place Published: 'Washington, D.C.' Publisher: National Academies Press Title: Review of the Draft Interagency Report on the Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States URL: http://www.nap.edu/catalog/21787/review-of-the-draft-interagency-report-on-the-impacts-of-climate-change-on-human-health-in-the-united-states Year: 2015 _record_number: 19305 _uuid: af963b9b-9a41-4d23-b3a8-04fb1dd52ae5 reftype: Book child_publication: /report/nas-hareview-2015 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/af963b9b-9a41-4d23-b3a8-04fb1dd52ae5.yaml identifier: af963b9b-9a41-4d23-b3a8-04fb1dd52ae5 uri: /reference/af963b9b-9a41-4d23-b3a8-04fb1dd52ae5 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Jacob, D. J.\rWinner, D. A." DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.09.051 ISSN: 1352-2310 Issue: 1 Journal: Atmospheric Environment Pages: 51-63 Title: Effect of climate change on air quality URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1352231008008571 Volume: 43 Year: 2009 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL","Ch. 15: Biogeochemical FINAL","Overview","Ch. 18: Midwest FINAL"]' _record_number: 577 _uuid: afbd60ab-ba9f-4547-88e3-968bc3a4b949 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.09.051 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/afbd60ab-ba9f-4547-88e3-968bc3a4b949.yaml identifier: afbd60ab-ba9f-4547-88e3-968bc3a4b949 uri: /reference/afbd60ab-ba9f-4547-88e3-968bc3a4b949 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Rosenzweig, Cynthia; Iglesias, Ana; Yang, X. B.; Epstein, Paul R.; Chivian, Eric' DOI: 10.1023/a:1015086831467 ISSN: 1389-5702 Issue: 2 Journal: Global Change and Human Health Pages: 90-104 Title: 'Climate change and extreme weather events: Implications for food production, plant diseases, and pests' Volume: 2 Year: 2001 _chapter: Ch6 _record_number: 17938 _uuid: afc4d024-e3a0-436c-b037-28a2397bf4c7 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1023/a:1015086831467 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/afc4d024-e3a0-436c-b037-28a2397bf4c7.yaml identifier: afc4d024-e3a0-436c-b037-28a2397bf4c7 uri: /reference/afc4d024-e3a0-436c-b037-28a2397bf4c7 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Heat is an environmental and occupational hazard. The prevention of deaths in the community caused by extreme high temperatures (heat waves) is now an issue of public health concern. The risk of heat-related mortality increases with natural aging, but persons with particular social and/or physical vulnerability are also at risk. lmportant differences in vulnerability exist between populations, depending on climate, culture, infrastructure (housing), and other factors. Public health measures include health promotion and heat wave warning systems, but the effectiveness of acute measures in response to heat waves has not yet been formally evaluated. Climate change will increase the frequency and the intensity of heat waves, and a range of measures, including improvements to housing, management of chronic diseases, and institutional care of the elderly and the vulnerable, will need to be developed to reduce health impacts.' Accession Number: ISI:000255349400007 Alternate Journal: Annu Rev Publ Health Author: "Kovats, R. S.\rHajat, S." Author Address: 'Kovats, RS; London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, PEHRU, London WC1E 7HT, England; London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, PEHRU, London WC1E 7HT, England; London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, PEHRU, London WC1E 7HT, England' DOI: 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.29.020907.090843 ISSN: 0163-7525 Journal: Annual Review of Public Health Keywords: heat waves; early warning; mortality; august 2003; air-pollution; hospital admissions; united-states; excess mortality; elderly-people; french cities; risk-factors; hot weather; series data Language: English Notes: 293QI; Times Cited:67; Cited References Count:100; Annual Review of Public Health Pages: 41-55 Title: 'Heat stress and public health: A critical review' Volume: 29 Year: 2008 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL","Ch. 17: Southeast and Caribbean FINAL"]' _record_number: 831 _uuid: b00a1349-fb5f-4e2d-b1bc-cfceb0863de2 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.29.020907.090843 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b00a1349-fb5f-4e2d-b1bc-cfceb0863de2.yaml identifier: b00a1349-fb5f-4e2d-b1bc-cfceb0863de2 uri: /reference/b00a1349-fb5f-4e2d-b1bc-cfceb0863de2 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Bonanno, George A.' DOI: 10.1037/0003-066x.59.1.20 ISSN: 1935-990X Issue: 1 Journal: American Psychologist Pages: 20-28 Title: 'Loss, trauma, and human resilience: Have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events?' Volume: 59 Year: 2004 _chapter: Ch8 _record_number: 16355 _uuid: b02aadf3-74d2-4a96-b034-d5595c4aaa50 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1037/0003-066x.59.1.20 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b02aadf3-74d2-4a96-b034-d5595c4aaa50.yaml identifier: b02aadf3-74d2-4a96-b034-d5595c4aaa50 uri: /reference/b02aadf3-74d2-4a96-b034-d5595c4aaa50 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'We show that the spatial-temporal variability of human West Nile (WN) cases and the transmission of West Nile virus (WNV) to sentinel chickens are associated with the spatial-temporal variability of drought and wetting in southern Florida. Land surface wetness conditions at 52 sites in 31 counties in southern Florida for 2001-2003 were simulated and compared with the occurrence of human WN cases and the transmission of WNV to sentinel chickens within these counties. Both WNV transmission to sentinel chickens and the occurrence of human WN cases were associated with drought 2-6 mo prior and land surface wetting 0.5-1.5 mo prior. These dynamics are similar to the amplification and transmission patterns found in southern Florida for the closely related St. Louis encephalitis virus. Drought brings avian hosts and vector mosquitoes into close contact and facilitates the epizootic cycling and amplification of the arboviruses within these populations. Southern Florida has not recorded a severe, widespread drought since the introduction of WNV into the state in 2001. Our results indicate that widespread drought in the spring followed by wetting during summer greatly increase the probability of a WNV epidemic in southern Florida.' Author: 'Shaman, J.; Day, J. F.; Stieglitz, M.' DOI: 10.1093/jmedent/42.2.134 Date: Mar ISSN: 1938-2928 Issue: 2 Journal: Journal of Medical Entomology Keywords: Animals; Chickens; *Disasters; Florida; Humans; Logistic Models; Poultry Diseases/transmission/virology; West Nile Fever/*epidemiology/*transmission/veterinary; *West Nile virus Notes: "Shaman, Jeffrey Day, Jonathan F Stieglitz, Marc eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2005/04/01 09:00 J Med Entomol. 2005 Mar;42(2):134-41." Pages: 134-141 Title: Drought-induced amplification and epidemic transmission of West Nile virus in southern Florida Volume: 42 Year: 2005 _record_number: 18037 _uuid: b043eeb2-18ba-4344-b574-9e59aacd6547 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1093/jmedent/42.2.134 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b043eeb2-18ba-4344-b574-9e59aacd6547.yaml identifier: b043eeb2-18ba-4344-b574-9e59aacd6547 uri: /reference/b043eeb2-18ba-4344-b574-9e59aacd6547 - attrs: .publisher: Springer Netherlands .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'This paper summarizes the main characteristics of the RCP8.5 scenario. The RCP8.5 combines assumptions about high population and relatively slow income growth with modest rates of technological change and energy intensity improvements, leading in the long term to high energy demand and GHG emissions in absence of climate change policies. Compared to the total set of Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), RCP8.5 thus corresponds to the pathway with the highest greenhouse gas emissions. Using the IIASA Integrated Assessment Framework and the MESSAGE model for the development of the RCP8.5, we focus in this paper on two important extensions compared to earlier scenarios: 1) the development of spatially explicit air pollution projections, and 2) enhancements in the land-use and land-cover change projections. In addition, we explore scenario variants that use RCP8.5 as a baseline, and assume different degrees of greenhouse gas mitigation policies to reduce radiative forcing. Based on our modeling framework, we find it technically possible to limit forcing from RCP8.5 to lower levels comparable to the other RCPs (2.6 to 6 W/m2). Our scenario analysis further indicates that climate policy-induced changes of global energy supply and demand may lead to significant co-benefits for other policy priorities, such as local air pollution.' Author: 'Riahi, Keywan; Rao, Shilpa; Krey, Volker; Cho, Cheolhung; Chirkov, Vadim; Fischer, Guenther; Kindermann, Georg; Nakicenovic, Nebojsa; Rafaj, Peter' DOI: 10.1007/s10584-011-0149-y Date: 2011/11/01 ISSN: 1573-1480 Issue: 1 Journal: Climatic Change Language: English Notes: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0149-y http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/700/art%253A10.1007%252Fs10584-011-0149-y.pdf?auth66=1425485968_7daa7e5c67b5c076ffbfaa49b9de9c05&ext=.pdf Pages: 33-57 Title: RCP 8.5—A scenario of comparatively high greenhouse gas emissions Volume: 109 Year: 2011 _record_number: 18539 _uuid: b05850d3-a9d7-4395-8588-5e27531c160a reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10584-011-0149-y href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b05850d3-a9d7-4395-8588-5e27531c160a.yaml identifier: b05850d3-a9d7-4395-8588-5e27531c160a uri: /reference/b05850d3-a9d7-4395-8588-5e27531c160a - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Baja, Emmanuel S.; Schwartz, Joel D.; Wellenius, Gregory A.; Coull, Brent A.; Zanobetti, Antonella; Vokonas, Pantel S.; Suh, Helen H.' DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0901396 ISSN: 1552-9924 Issue: 6 Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives Pages: 840-846 Title: 'Traffic-related air pollution and QT interval: Modification by diabetes, obesity, and oxidative stress gene polymorphisms in the normative aging study' Volume: 118 Year: 2010 _chapter: Ch9 _record_number: 17825 _uuid: b0633efb-02c8-4e25-b820-fff9665dd4a3 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1289/ehp.0901396 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b0633efb-02c8-4e25-b820-fff9665dd4a3.yaml identifier: b0633efb-02c8-4e25-b820-fff9665dd4a3 uri: /reference/b0633efb-02c8-4e25-b820-fff9665dd4a3 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: "Bullard, R.\rWright, B." Book Title: 'Race, Place, and Environmental Justice After Hurricane Katrina, Struggles to Reclaim Rebuild, and Revitalize New Orleans and the Gulf Coast' Editor: "Bullard, R.\rWright, B." ISBN: 9780813344249 Pages: 1-15 Place Published: 'Boulder, CO' Publisher: Westview Press Reviewer: b0818c9e-b245-44be-9851-213def5d25da Title: Introduction Year: 2009 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL"]' _record_number: 4696 _uuid: b0818c9e-b245-44be-9851-213def5d25da reftype: Book Section child_publication: /book/1570e6bf-685a-47bd-923b-15a56e13e6f6 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b0818c9e-b245-44be-9851-213def5d25da.yaml identifier: b0818c9e-b245-44be-9851-213def5d25da uri: /reference/b0818c9e-b245-44be-9851-213def5d25da - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: "Causal attribution of recent biological trends to climate change is complicated because non-climatic influences dominate local, short-term biological changes. Any underlying signal from climate change is likely to be revealed by analyses that seek systematic trends across diverse species and geographic regions; however, debates within the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reveal several definitions of a 'systematic trend'. Here, we explore these differences, apply diverse analyses to more than 1,700 species, and show that recent biological trends match climate change predictions. Global meta-analyses documented significant range shifts averaging 6.1 km per decade towards the poles ( or metres per decade upward), and significant mean advancement of spring events by 2.3 days per decade. We define a diagnostic fingerprint of temporal and spatial 'sign-switching' responses uniquely predicted by twentieth century climate trends. Among appropriate long-term/large-scale/multi-species data sets, this diagnostic fingerprint was found for 279 species. This suite of analyses generates 'very high confidence' (as laid down by the IPCC) that climate change is already affecting living systems." Author: "Parmesan, C.\rYohe, G." Author Address: 'Parmesan, C (reprint author), Univ Texas, Patterson Labs 141, Austin, TX 78712 USA; Univ Texas, Patterson Labs 141, Austin, TX 78712 USA; Wesleyan Univ, Publ Affairs Ctr 238, Middletown, CT 06459 USA' DOI: 10.1038/nature01286 Date: JAN 2 2003 ISSN: 0028-0836 Issue: 6918 Journal: Nature Keywords: EGG-LAYING TRENDS; BRITISH BUTTERFLIES; PHENOLOGY; PLANTS; RESPONSES; BIRDS; TIME; TEMPERATURE; ABUNDANCE; MOUNTAIN Language: English Pages: 37-42 Title: A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems URL: http://www.discoverlife.org/pa/or/polistes/pr/2010nsf_macro/references/Parmesan_and_Yohe2003.pdf Volume: 421 Year: 2003 _chapter: '["Ch. 8: Ecosystems FINAL"]' _record_number: 2431 _uuid: b0ab019c-3ea7-4e75-986c-2cc74541c187 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nature01286 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b0ab019c-3ea7-4e75-986c-2cc74541c187.yaml identifier: b0ab019c-3ea7-4e75-986c-2cc74541c187 uri: /reference/b0ab019c-3ea7-4e75-986c-2cc74541c187 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'There is a paucity of research investigating the relationship of community-level characteristics such as collective efficacy and posttraumatic stress following disasters. We examine the association of collective efficacy with probable posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity in Florida public health workers (n = 2249) exposed to the 2004 hurricane season using a multilevel approach. Anonymous questionnaires were distributed electronically to all Florida Department of Health personnel nine months after the 2004 hurricane season. The collected data were used to assess posttraumatic stress disorder and collective efficacy measured at both the individual and zip code levels. The majority of participants were female (80.42%), and ages ranged from 20 to 78 years (median = 49 years); 73.91% were European American, 13.25% were African American, and 8.65% were Hispanic. Using multi-level analysis, our data indicate that higher community-level and individual-level collective efficacy were associated with a lower likelihood of having posttraumatic stress disorder (OR = 0.93, CI = 0.88-0.98; and OR = 0.94, CI = 0.92-0.97, respectively), even after adjusting for individual sociodemographic variables, community socioeconomic characteristic variables, individual injury/damage, and community storm damage. Higher levels of community-level collective efficacy and individual-level collective efficacy were also associated with significantly lower posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity (b = -0.22, p<0.01; and b = -0.17, p<0.01, respectively), after adjusting for the same covariates. Lower rates of posttraumatic stress disorder are associated with communities with higher collective efficacy. Programs enhancing community collective efficacy may be an important part of prevention practices and possibly lead to a reduction in the rate of posttraumatic stress disorder post-disaster.' Author: 'Ursano, R. J.; McKibben, J. B.A.; Reissman, D. B.; Liu, X.; Wang, L.; Sampson, R. J.; Fullerton, C. S.' DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088467 ISSN: 1932-6203 Issue: 2 Journal: PLoS ONE Keywords: 'Adult; Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; *Cyclonic Storms; *Disaster Planning; *Disasters; Female; Florida; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Probability; Regression Analysis; Residence Characteristics; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis/*epidemiology; Young Adult' Language: eng Notes: "1932-6203 Ursano, Robert J McKibben, Jodi B A Reissman, Dori B Liu, Xian Wang, Leming Sampson, Robert J Fullerton, Carol S Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. United States PLoS One. 2014 Feb 11;9(2):e88467. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088467. eCollection 2014." Pages: e88467 Title: Posttraumatic stress disorder and community collective efficacy following the 2004 Florida hurricanes Volume: 9 Year: 2014 _record_number: 18198 _uuid: b0beccb3-8f38-4c89-b19f-268129df9188 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1371/journal.pone.0088467 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/b0beccb3-8f38-4c89-b19f-268129df9188.yaml identifier: b0beccb3-8f38-4c89-b19f-268129df9188 uri: /reference/b0beccb3-8f38-4c89-b19f-268129df9188