--- - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Jacobs, J.; Moore, S.K.; Kunkel, K.E.; Sun, L.' DOI: 10.1016/j.crm.2015.03.002 ISSN: 2212-0963 Journal: Climate Risk Management Pages: 16-27 Title: A framework for examining climate-driven changes to the seasonality and geographical range of coastal pathogens and harmful algae Volume: 8 Year: 2015 _record_number: 18814 _uuid: 8640a3db-35fa-4089-8fb5-d52dc8b35c71 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.crm.2015.03.002 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8640a3db-35fa-4089-8fb5-d52dc8b35c71.yaml identifier: 8640a3db-35fa-4089-8fb5-d52dc8b35c71 uri: /reference/8640a3db-35fa-4089-8fb5-d52dc8b35c71 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Triunfo, S.; Lanzone, A.' DOI: 10.1007/s40618-014-0168-4 ISSN: 1720-8386 Issue: 1 Journal: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation Pages: 31-38 Title: Impact of maternal under nutrition on obstetric outcomes Volume: 38 Year: 2015 _record_number: 18221 _uuid: 8643e40b-b240-41d1-a026-851fef02e84b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s40618-014-0168-4 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8643e40b-b240-41d1-a026-851fef02e84b.yaml identifier: 8643e40b-b240-41d1-a026-851fef02e84b uri: /reference/8643e40b-b240-41d1-a026-851fef02e84b - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Gasparrini, Antonio' DOI: 10.1002/sim.5963 ISSN: 0277-6715 Issue: 5 Journal: Statistics in Medicine Pages: 881-899 Title: Modeling exposure-lag-response associations with distributed lag non-linear models Volume: 33 Year: 2014 _record_number: 19265 _uuid: 86e779ed-0764-48ad-807d-cc4203e28c08 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1002/sim.5963 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/86e779ed-0764-48ad-807d-cc4203e28c08.yaml identifier: 86e779ed-0764-48ad-807d-cc4203e28c08 uri: /reference/86e779ed-0764-48ad-807d-cc4203e28c08 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Kessler, R.C.\rGalea, S.\rGruber, M.J.\rSampson, N.A.\rUrsano, R.J.\rWessely, S." DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4002119 ISSN: 1359-4184 Issue: 4 Journal: Molecular Psychiatry Pages: 374-384 Title: Trends in mental illness and suicidality after Hurricane Katrina URL: http://www.nature.com/mp/journal/v13/n4/pdf/4002119a.pdf Volume: 13 Year: 2008 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL"]' _record_number: 1696 _uuid: 8702da89-76d0-44e1-9eda-b04dc6a26385 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/sj.mp.4002119 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8702da89-76d0-44e1-9eda-b04dc6a26385.yaml identifier: 8702da89-76d0-44e1-9eda-b04dc6a26385 uri: /reference/8702da89-76d0-44e1-9eda-b04dc6a26385 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Bernard, S.M.; Samet, J.M.; Grambsch, A.; Ebi, K.L.; Romieu, I.' ISSN: 1552-9924 Issue: (Suppl 2) Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives Pages: 199-209 Title: The potential impacts of climate variability and change on air pollution-related health effects in the United States Volume: 109 Year: 2001 _record_number: 19102 _uuid: 87031b30-75fa-495d-8a99-0df6c5eb4ced reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/potential-impacts-climate-variability-change-on-air-pollution-related href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/87031b30-75fa-495d-8a99-0df6c5eb4ced.yaml identifier: 87031b30-75fa-495d-8a99-0df6c5eb4ced uri: /reference/87031b30-75fa-495d-8a99-0df6c5eb4ced - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been associated with stress, but few studies have examined the effect of natural disaster on IPV. In this study, the authors examine the relationship between experience of Hurricane Katrina and reported relationship aggression and violence in a cohort of 123 postpartum women. Hurricane experience is measured using a series of questions about damage, injury, and danger during the storm; IPV was measured using the Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS-2). Multiple log-poisson regression was used to calculate relative risks (RRs), adjusted for potential confounders. Most participants report that they and their partners had explained themselves to each other, showed each other respect, and also insulted, swore, or shouted during conflicts with each other. A few participants report physical violence, sexual force, or destroying property, though in each case at least 5% endorse that it had happened at least once in the last 6 months. Another few report that they and their partners had carried out these actions. Experiencing damage due to the storm is associated with increased likelihood of most conflict tactics. Strong RRs are seen for the relationship between damage due to the storm and aggression or violence, especially being insulted, sworn, shouted, or yelled at (adjusted relative risk [aRR] = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.02-1.48); pushed, shoved, or slapped (aRR = 5.28, 95% CI = 1.93-14.45); or being punched, kicked, or beat up (aRR = 8.25, 95% CI = 1.68-40.47). Results suggest that certain experiences of the hurricane are associated with an increased likelihood of violent methods of conflict resolution. Relief and medical workers may need to be aware of the possibility of increased IPV after disaster.' Author: 'Harville, Emily W.; Taylor, Catherine A.; Tesfai, Helen; Xiong, Xu; Buekens, Pierre' DOI: 10.1177/0886260510365861 Date: Mar ISSN: 1552-6518 Issue: 4 Journal: Journal of Interpersonal Violence Keywords: Adult; Battered Women/*statistics & numerical data; Comorbidity; Confidence Intervals; Crime Victims/*statistics & numerical data; *Cyclonic Storms; Environmental Exposure/*statistics & numerical data; Female; Humans; *Interpersonal Relations; Male; Middle Aged; Mississippi/epidemiology; Odds Ratio; Prevalence; Questionnaires; Risk Factors; Sexual Partners; Spouse Abuse/*statistics & numerical data; Young Adult Language: eng Notes: '1552-6518 Harville, Emily W Taylor, Catherine A Tesfai, Helen Xu Xiong Buekens, Pierre K12HD043451/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States R21 MH078185/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States R21 MH078185-01/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural United States J Interpers Violence. 2011 Mar;26(4):833-45. doi: 10.1177/0886260510365861. Epub 2010 May 21.' Pages: 833-845 Title: Experience of Hurricane Katrina and reported intimate partner violence Volume: 26 Year: 2011 _record_number: 18098 _uuid: 871e1113-59cb-4f06-a415-284137b17c51 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1177/0886260510365861 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/871e1113-59cb-4f06-a415-284137b17c51.yaml identifier: 871e1113-59cb-4f06-a415-284137b17c51 uri: /reference/871e1113-59cb-4f06-a415-284137b17c51 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Tapsell, S. M.; Penning-Rowsell, E. C.; Tunstall, S. M.; Wilson, T. L.' DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2002.1013 ISSN: 1471-2962 Issue: 1796 Journal: 'Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences' Pages: 1511-1525 Title: 'Vulnerability to flooding: Health and social dimensions' Volume: 360 Year: 2002 _chapter: Ch7 _record_number: 17810 _uuid: 874d657c-f3a1-48f8-b76a-13416e47f666 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1098/rsta.2002.1013 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/874d657c-f3a1-48f8-b76a-13416e47f666.yaml identifier: 874d657c-f3a1-48f8-b76a-13416e47f666 uri: /reference/874d657c-f3a1-48f8-b76a-13416e47f666 - attrs: .reference_type: 47 Author: 'Jordan, P.; Turner, K.; Nicol, D.; Boyer, D.' Conference Location: 'Calgary, Alberta, Canada' Conference Name: 1st Specialty Conference on Disaster Medicine Date Published: May 23-26 Title: Developing a risk analysis procedure for post-wildfire mass movement and flooding in British Columbia URL: http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/rsi/fsp/Misc/Misc071.pdf Year of Conference: 2006 _record_number: 18608 _uuid: 884af7b8-8e72-498a-8b43-8362314595ae reftype: Conference Paper child_publication: /generic/d82a103e-5cbf-4519-8caf-f5d0a0f52415 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/884af7b8-8e72-498a-8b43-8362314595ae.yaml identifier: 884af7b8-8e72-498a-8b43-8362314595ae uri: /reference/884af7b8-8e72-498a-8b43-8362314595ae - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Numbers of reported Lyme disease cases have increased dramatically over the past decade in the northeastern United States, but the year-to-year variability is sizable (average standard deviation ~30% of the mean). An improved understanding of the causes of such variability would aid in prevention and control of the disease, which is transmitted by a spirochete carried in the “black-legged” tick, Ixodes scapularis. In this study, the variability in reported Lyme disease incidence between 1993 and 2001 in seven northeastern US states was analyzed as an outcome of weather variability. For all seven states analyzed, significant (p < 0.05) positive relations were found for the correlation of early summer disease incidence with the June moisture index (Palmer Hydrological Drought Index) in the region 2 years previously. The correlations may reflect enhanced nymph tick survival in wetter conditions. Few significant relations were found with same-year moisture index, which suggests that moisture has a greater effect on nymph tick survival following the insect’s blood meal than before. In some states, significant correlations were observed related to warmer winter weather a year and a half prior to disease incidence, which may have been due to higher survival and activity levels of the white-footed mouse, the main host for Lyme disease-infected ticks.' Author: 'Subak, Susan' DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwg014 Date: 'March 15, 2003' ISSN: 1476-6256 Issue: 6 Journal: American Journal of Epidemiology Pages: 531-538 Title: Effects of climate on variability in Lyme disease incidence in the northeastern United States URL: http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/157/6/531.full.pdf+html Volume: 157 Year: 2003 _chapter: '["Ch. 16: Northeast FINAL"]' _record_number: 3982 _uuid: 8856aecc-549d-44b6-99ef-61d2d2d24905 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1093/aje/kwg014 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8856aecc-549d-44b6-99ef-61d2d2d24905.yaml identifier: 8856aecc-549d-44b6-99ef-61d2d2d24905 uri: /reference/8856aecc-549d-44b6-99ef-61d2d2d24905 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Summary About 14% of the global burden of disease has been attributed to neuropsychiatric disorders, mostly due to the chronically disabling nature of depression and other common mental disorders, alcohol-use and substance-use disorders, and psychoses. Such estimates have drawn attention to the importance of mental disorders for public health. However, because they stress the separate contributions of mental and physical disorders to disability and mortality, they might have entrenched the alienation of mental health from mainstream efforts to improve health and reduce poverty. The burden of mental disorders is likely to have been underestimated because of inadequate appreciation of the connectedness between mental illness and other health conditions. Because these interactions are protean, there can be no health without mental health. Mental disorders increase risk for communicable and non-communicable diseases, and contribute to unintentional and intentional injury. Conversely, many health conditions increase the risk for mental disorder, and comorbidity complicates help-seeking, diagnosis, and treatment, and influences prognosis. Health services are not provided equitably to people with mental disorders, and the quality of care for both mental and physical health conditions for these people could be improved. We need to develop and evaluate psychosocial interventions that can be integrated into management of communicable and non-communicable diseases. Health-care systems should be strengthened to improve delivery of mental health care, by focusing on existing programmes and activities, such as those which address the prevention and treatment of HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria; gender-based violence; antenatal care; integrated management of childhood illnesses and child nutrition; and innovative management of chronic disease. An explicit mental health budget might need to be allocated for such activities. Mental health affects progress towards the achievement of several Millennium Development Goals, such as promotion of gender equality and empowerment of women, reduction of child mortality, improvement of maternal health, and reversal of the spread of HIV/AIDS. Mental health awareness needs to be integrated into all aspects of health and social policy, health-system planning, and delivery of primary and secondary general health care.' Author: 'Prince, Martin; Patel, Vikram; Saxena, Shekhar; Maj, Mario; Maselko, Joanna; Phillips, Michael R.; Rahman, Atif' DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61238-0 ISSN: 1474-547X Issue: 9590 Journal: The Lancet Pages: 859-877 Title: No health without mental health Volume: 370 Year: 2007 _record_number: 18160 _uuid: 88885fc4-a6c8-454f-881d-51a8e2739bb5 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61238-0 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/88885fc4-a6c8-454f-881d-51a8e2739bb5.yaml identifier: 88885fc4-a6c8-454f-881d-51a8e2739bb5 uri: /reference/88885fc4-a6c8-454f-881d-51a8e2739bb5 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Hlavsa, M.C.; Roberts, V.A.; Kahler, A.; Hilborn, E.D.; Wade, T.J.; Backer, L.C.; Yoder, J.S.' ISSN: 1545-861X Issue: 1 Journal: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Notes: 'Hlavsa, M.C. Roberts, V.A. Kahler, A. Hilborn, E.D. Wade, T.J. Backer, L.C. Yoder, J.S.' PMID: 24402466 Pages: 6-10 Title: 'Recreational water-associated disease outbreaks--United States, 2009-2010' URL: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6301a2.htm Volume: 63 Year: 2014 _record_number: 18428 _uuid: 889d39b6-8400-43e9-b103-d20395490f9b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/pmid-24402466 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/889d39b6-8400-43e9-b103-d20395490f9b.yaml identifier: 889d39b6-8400-43e9-b103-d20395490f9b uri: /reference/889d39b6-8400-43e9-b103-d20395490f9b - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Doyle, John T.; Redsteer, Margaret Hiza; Eggers, Margaret J.' DOI: 10.1007/s10584-013-0799-z ISSN: 1573-1480 Issue: 3 Journal: Climatic Change Pages: 643-655 Title: Exploring effects of climate change on Northern Plains American Indian health Volume: 120 Year: 2013 _chapter: Ch9 _record_number: 17840 _uuid: 88a5315d-074d-4918-9118-b30e828de06d reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10584-013-0799-z href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/88a5315d-074d-4918-9118-b30e828de06d.yaml identifier: 88a5315d-074d-4918-9118-b30e828de06d uri: /reference/88a5315d-074d-4918-9118-b30e828de06d - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Myers, Teresa A.; Nisbet, Matthew C.; Maibach, Edward W.; Leiserowitz, Anthony A.' DOI: 10.1007/s10584-012-0513-6 ISSN: 1573-1480 Issue: 3 Journal: Climatic Change Pages: 1105-1112 Title: A public health frame arouses hopeful emotions about climate change Volume: 113 Year: 2012 _record_number: 19218 _uuid: 88a64708-aabf-40b4-8677-0021edda378f reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10584-012-0513-6 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/88a64708-aabf-40b4-8677-0021edda378f.yaml identifier: 88a64708-aabf-40b4-8677-0021edda378f uri: /reference/88a64708-aabf-40b4-8677-0021edda378f - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Asthma has a high prevalence in the United States, and persons with asthma may be at added risk from the adverse effects of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). Complex mixtures (fine particulate matter and tobacco smoke) have been associated with respiratory symptoms and hospital admissions for asthma. The toxic ingredients of these mixtures are HAPs, but whether ambient HAP exposures can induce asthma remains unclear. Certain HAPs are occupational asthmagens, whereas others may act as adjuncts during sensitization. HAPs may exacerbate asthma because, once sensitized, individuals can respond to remarkably low concentrations, and irritants lower the bronchoconstrictive threshold to respiratory antigens. Adverse responses after ambient exposures to complex mixtures often occur at concentrations below those producing effects in controlled human exposures to a single compound. In addition, certain HAPs that have been associated with asthma in occupational settings may interact with criteria pollutants in ambient air to exacerbate asthma. Based on these observations and past experience with 188 HAPs, a list of 19 compounds that could have the highest impact on the induction or exacerbation of asthma was developed. Nine additional compounds were identified that might exacerbate asthma based on their irritancy, respirability, or ability to react with biological macromolecules. Although the ambient levels of these 28 compounds are largely unknown, estimated exposures from emissions inventories and limited air monitoring suggest that aldehydes (especially acrolein and formaldehyde) and metals (especially nickel and chromium compounds) may have possible health risk indices sufficient for additional attention. Recommendations for research are presented regarding exposure monitoring and evaluation of biologic mechanisms controlling how these substances induce and exacerbate asthma.' Author: 'Leikauf, G. D.' Date: Aug ISSN: 1552-9924 Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives Keywords: Air Pollutants/*adverse effects; Asthma/epidemiology/*etiology; *Environmental Exposure; Humans; Incidence; Risk Assessment; Urban Population Language: eng Notes: "Leikauf, George D ES06096/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States ES10562/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States HL-65612/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States HL-65613/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Review United States Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Aug;110 Suppl 4:505-26." PMC: 1241200 Pages: 505-526 Title: Hazardous air pollutants and asthma URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1241200/pdf/ehp110s-000505.pdf Volume: 110 Suppl 4 Year: 2002 _record_number: 19086 _uuid: 88b80ccc-df30-4d54-8d8d-ba3820fd517e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/pmc-1241200 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/88b80ccc-df30-4d54-8d8d-ba3820fd517e.yaml identifier: 88b80ccc-df30-4d54-8d8d-ba3820fd517e uri: /reference/88b80ccc-df30-4d54-8d8d-ba3820fd517e - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Fischer, E.M.; Knutti, R.' DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2617 ISSN: 1758-6798 Issue: 6 Journal: Nature Climate Change Pages: 560-564 Title: Anthropogenic contribution to global occurrnece of heavy-precipitation and high-temperature extremes Volume: 5 Year: 2015 _record_number: 19277 _uuid: 89069b7e-23d6-4287-bce6-1e00f54c2f67 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nclimate2617 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/89069b7e-23d6-4287-bce6-1e00f54c2f67.yaml identifier: 89069b7e-23d6-4287-bce6-1e00f54c2f67 uri: /reference/89069b7e-23d6-4287-bce6-1e00f54c2f67 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: "Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are a significant burden on global economies and public health. Their emergence is thought to be driven largely by socio-economic, environmental and ecological factors, but no comparative study has explicitly analysed these linkages to understand global temporal and spatial patterns of EIDs. Here we analyse a database of 335 EID 'events' (origins of EIDs) between 1940 and 2004, and demonstrate non-random global patterns. EID events have risen significantly over time after controlling for reporting bias, with their peak incidence (in the 1980s) concomitant with the HIV pandemic. EID events are dominated by zoonoses (60.3% of EIDs): the majority of these (71.8%) originate in wildlife (for example, severe acute respiratory virus, Ebola virus), and are increasing significantly over time. We find that 54.3% of EID events are caused by bacteria or rickettsia, reflecting a large number of drug-resistant microbes in our database. Our results confirm that EID origins are significantly correlated with socio-economic, environmental and ecological factors, and provide a basis for identifying regions where new EIDs are most likely to originate (emerging disease 'hotspots'). They also reveal a substantial risk of wildlife zoonotic and vector-borne EIDs originating at lower latitudes where reporting effort is low. We conclude that global resources to counter disease emergence are poorly allocated, with the majority of the scientific and surveillance effort focused on countries from where the next important EID is least likely to originate." Author: 'Jones, K. E.; Patel, N. G.; Levy, M. A.; Storeygard, A.; Balk, D.; Gittleman, J. L.; Daszak, P.' DOI: 10.1038/nature06536 Date: Feb 21 ISSN: 1476-4687 Issue: 7181 Journal: Nature Keywords: 'Animals; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/*epidemiology/microbiology/transmission/virology; Databases, Factual; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Environment; Geography; Humans; Incidence; Risk; Socioeconomic Factors; Zoonoses/epidemiology/microbiology/transmission/virology' Notes: "Jones, Kate E Patel, Nikkita G Levy, Marc A Storeygard, Adam Balk, Deborah Gittleman, John L Daszak, Peter eng R01 AI079231/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ R01 TW005869/TW/FIC NIH HHS/ T32 HD007338/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. England 2008/02/22 09:00 Nature. 2008 Feb 21;451(7181):990-3. doi: 10.1038/nature06536." Pages: 990-993 Title: Global trends in emerging infectious diseases Volume: 451 Year: 2008 _record_number: 18006 _uuid: 8954dbd9-7a96-4441-8861-97dd34761c80 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nature06536 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8954dbd9-7a96-4441-8861-97dd34761c80.yaml identifier: 8954dbd9-7a96-4441-8861-97dd34761c80 uri: /reference/8954dbd9-7a96-4441-8861-97dd34761c80 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: "OBJECTIVE: Hurricane Katrina highlighted both the crucial role of first responders in times of disaster and the resultant stress on them and their families. The primary objective of this study was to describe the mental health status and symptoms of first responders in the New Orleans area. We further hypothesized that given the extent of the disaster and slowness of recovery, symptoms of posttraumatic stress and depression would not decrease after the first-year anniversary of Hurricane Katrina. METHODS: A total of 1382 first responders, including respondents from police, fire, emergency medical services, and city workers, participated in this longitudinal study. The first screening was conducted between 6 and 9 months after Hurricane Katrina and the second round of data collection was conducted 13 to 18 months after the hurricane. A subsample of the respondents (n = 87) were matched at both time points, which allowed for paired sample comparisons. We measured all of the respondents' levels of traumatic experiences, alcohol use, partner conflict, requests for services, posttraumatic stress, and depression. RESULTS: More than one-quarter of the first responders reported the following traumatic experiences: witnessed injury or death (70%); damage to home (93%); injury to a friend (25%); and previous loss or trauma (30%). Data also revealed that at least 10% of the respondents had significant levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms; 25% of the participants reported significant levels of depression; and more than 40% reported increased alcohol use and conflict with partner (41%). A statistically significant decrease in the symptoms of posttraumatic stress or depression was not found within 18 months of Hurricane Katrina. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that the severity of the traumas experienced from both the impact of Hurricane Katrina and the subsequent recovery has important mental health implications for first responders. Reports of symptoms of anxiety or depression should be attended to so as to prevent increasing symptoms that could negatively affect the first responder and his or her family. These findings highlight the importance of not only providing mental health services for first responders but also having adequate plans in place before natural or technological disasters strike." Author: 'Osofsky, H. J.; Osofsky, J. D.; Arey, J.; Kronenberg, M. E.; Hansel, T.; Many, M.' DOI: 10.1001/dmp.2011.53 Date: Sep ISSN: 1938-744X Issue: S2 Journal: Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness Keywords: Adult; Aged; *Cyclonic Storms; *Disasters; Emergency Medical Technicians; *Emergency Responders; Firefighters; Health Status; Humans; *Mental Health; Middle Aged; Police Language: eng Notes: '1938-744x Osofsky, Howard J Osofsky, Joy D Arey, James Kronenberg, Mindy E Hansel, Tonya Many, Michele Journal Article United States Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2011 Sep;5 Suppl 2:S214-9. doi: 10.1001/dmp.2011.53. Epub 2011 Aug 24.' Pages: S214-S219 Title: "Hurricane Katrina's first responders: The struggle to protect and serve in the aftermath of the disaster" Volume: 5 Year: 2011 _record_number: 18151 _uuid: 895a462d-2faa-44e3-a888-31efb349f44d reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1001/dmp.2011.53 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/895a462d-2faa-44e3-a888-31efb349f44d.yaml identifier: 895a462d-2faa-44e3-a888-31efb349f44d uri: /reference/895a462d-2faa-44e3-a888-31efb349f44d - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Whiley, Harriet; Giglio, Steven; Bentham, Richard' DOI: 10.3390/pathogens4030590 ISSN: 2076-0817 Issue: 3 Journal: Pathogens Pages: 590-598 Title: Opportunistic Pathogens Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC) and Legionella spp. Colonise Model Shower Volume: 4 Year: 2015 _record_number: 19158 _uuid: 89899d02-e698-44f0-aa23-bfde15fac165 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3390/pathogens4030590 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/89899d02-e698-44f0-aa23-bfde15fac165.yaml identifier: 89899d02-e698-44f0-aa23-bfde15fac165 uri: /reference/89899d02-e698-44f0-aa23-bfde15fac165 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Cusack, L.; de Crespigny, C.; Athanasos, P.' DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05551.x ISSN: 0309-2402 Issue: 4 Journal: Journal of Advanced Nursing Pages: 915-922 Title: 'Heatwaves and their impact on people with alcohol, drug and mental health conditions: A discussion paper on clinical practice considerations' Volume: 67 Year: 2011 _record_number: 13034 _uuid: 898dabcf-7205-4007-8782-7f8fb4afa797 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05551.x href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/898dabcf-7205-4007-8782-7f8fb4afa797.yaml identifier: 898dabcf-7205-4007-8782-7f8fb4afa797 uri: /reference/898dabcf-7205-4007-8782-7f8fb4afa797 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Morman, Suzette A.; Plumlee, Geoffrey S.' DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2012.12.001 ISSN: 1875-9637 Journal: Aeolian Research Pages: 203-212 Title: The role of airborne mineral dusts in human disease Volume: 9 Year: 2013 _chapter: Ch7 _record_number: 17572 _uuid: 89988c29-d249-437e-a15b-be7f1c03ab30 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.aeolia.2012.12.001 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/89988c29-d249-437e-a15b-be7f1c03ab30.yaml identifier: 89988c29-d249-437e-a15b-be7f1c03ab30 uri: /reference/89988c29-d249-437e-a15b-be7f1c03ab30 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Wu, Shiliang; Mickley, Loretta J.; Leibensperger, Eric M.; Jacob, Daniel J.; Rind, David; Streets, David G.' DOI: 10.1029/2007JD008917 ISSN: 2169-8996 Issue: D6 Journal: 'Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres' Pages: D06302 Title: Effects of 2000–2050 global change on ozone air quality in the United States Volume: 113 Year: 2008 _record_number: 18932 _uuid: 89c49b97-dc6e-489c-bd95-a5a0a4bb0ee7 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1029/2007JD008917 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/89c49b97-dc6e-489c-bd95-a5a0a4bb0ee7.yaml identifier: 89c49b97-dc6e-489c-bd95-a5a0a4bb0ee7 uri: /reference/89c49b97-dc6e-489c-bd95-a5a0a4bb0ee7 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Felton, Julia W.; Cole, David A.; Martin, Nina C.' DOI: 10.1037/a0029303 ISSN: 0021-843X Issue: 1 Journal: Journal of Abnormal Psychology Pages: 64-73 Title: 'Effects of rumination on child and adolescent depressive reactions to a natural disaster: The 2010 Nashville flood' Volume: 122 Year: 2013 _chapter: Ch8 _record_number: 16358 _uuid: 89d2438b-bddd-4ded-8e17-1cf498b28571 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1037/a0029303 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/89d2438b-bddd-4ded-8e17-1cf498b28571.yaml identifier: 89d2438b-bddd-4ded-8e17-1cf498b28571 uri: /reference/89d2438b-bddd-4ded-8e17-1cf498b28571 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'IMPORTANCE: Since its introduction in North America in 1999, West Nile virus has produced the 3 largest arboviral neuroinvasive disease outbreaks ever recorded in the United States. OBJECTIVE: To review the ecology, virology, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, prevention, and control of West Nile virus, with an emphasis on North America. EVIDENCE REVIEW: PubMed electronic database was searched through February 5, 2013. United States national surveillance data were gathered from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. FINDINGS: West Nile virus is now endemic throughout the contiguous United States, with 16,196 human neuroinvasive disease cases and 1549 deaths reported since 1999. More than 780,000 illnesses have likely occurred. To date, incidence is highest in the Midwest from mid-July to early September. West Nile fever develops in approximately 25% of those infected, varies greatly in clinical severity, and symptoms may be prolonged. Neuroinvasive disease (meningitis, encephalitis, acute flaccid paralysis) develops in less than 1% but carries a fatality rate of approximately 10%. Encephalitis has a highly variable clinical course but often is associated with considerable long-term morbidity. Approximately two-thirds of those with paralysis remain with significant weakness in affected limbs. Diagnosis usually rests on detection of IgM antibody in serum or cerebrospinal fluid. Treatment is supportive; no licensed human vaccine exists. Prevention uses an integrated pest management approach, which focuses on surveillance, elimination of mosquito breeding sites, and larval and adult mosquito management using pesticides to keep mosquito populations low. During outbreaks or impending outbreaks, emphasis shifts to aggressive adult mosquito control to reduce the abundance of infected, biting mosquitoes. Pesticide exposure and adverse human health events following adult mosquito control operations for West Nile virus appear negligible. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In North America, West Nile virus has and will remain a formidable clinical and public health problem for years to come.' Author: 'Petersen, L. R.; Brault, A. C.; Nasci, R. S.' DOI: 10.1001/jama.2013.8042 Date: Jul 17 ISSN: 0098-7484 Issue: 3 Journal: 'JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association' Keywords: Animals; Birds/virology; Culicidae/virology; Ecology; Humans; Mosquito Control; United States/epidemiology; *West Nile Fever/complications/diagnosis/epidemiology/prevention &; control/transmission; *West Nile virus/pathogenicity Notes: 'Petersen, Lyle R Brault, Aaron C Nasci, Roger S eng Review 2013/07/19 06:00 JAMA. 2013 Jul 17;310(3):308-15. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.8042.' Pages: 308-315 Title: 'West Nile virus: Review of the literature' Volume: 310 Year: 2013 _record_number: 18021 _uuid: 89d4d2ce-f18b-42ae-833a-2197232b7776 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1001/jama.2013.8042 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/89d4d2ce-f18b-42ae-833a-2197232b7776.yaml identifier: 89d4d2ce-f18b-42ae-833a-2197232b7776 uri: /reference/89d4d2ce-f18b-42ae-833a-2197232b7776 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Krieger, James W; Sitren, Harry S; Daniels, Michael J; Langkamp-Henken, Bobbi' Issue: 2 Journal: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Pages: 260-274 Title: 'Effects of variation in protein and carbohydrate intake on body mass and composition during energy restriction: A meta-regression' URL: http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/83/2/260.long Volume: 83 Year: 2006 _chapter: Ch6 _record_number: 17960 _uuid: 89ff80f5-eb21-4c79-bb15-5e78ffb0c11c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/pmid-16469983 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/89ff80f5-eb21-4c79-bb15-5e78ffb0c11c.yaml identifier: 89ff80f5-eb21-4c79-bb15-5e78ffb0c11c uri: /reference/89ff80f5-eb21-4c79-bb15-5e78ffb0c11c - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Francis, J.A.; Vavrus, S.J.' DOI: 10.1029/2012GL051000 ISSN: 1944-8007 Issue: 6 Journal: Geophysical Research Letters Pages: L06801 Title: Evidence linking Arctic amplification to extreme weather in mid-latitudes URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2012GL051000/pdf Volume: 39 Year: 2012 _chapter: '["Ch. 16: Northeast FINAL","Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL","Appendix 3: Climate Science FINAL","RF 1","Ch. 22: Alaska FINAL"]' _record_number: 665 _uuid: 8a57a9b0-a2cb-4ce7-b603-2cf81dc20736 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1029/2012GL051000 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8a57a9b0-a2cb-4ce7-b603-2cf81dc20736.yaml identifier: 8a57a9b0-a2cb-4ce7-b603-2cf81dc20736 uri: /reference/8a57a9b0-a2cb-4ce7-b603-2cf81dc20736 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Osofsky, Howard J.; Osofsky, Joy D.; Kronenberg, Mindy; Brennan, Adrianne; Hansel, Tonya Cross' DOI: 10.1037/a0016179 ISSN: 1939-0025 Issue: 2 Journal: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Pages: 212-220 Title: 'Posttraumatic stress symptoms in children after Hurricane Katrina: Predicting the need for mental health services' Volume: 79 Year: 2009 _chapter: Ch8 _record_number: 16371 _uuid: 8a6174ae-6e37-4f7f-b2d2-ae7073907d51 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1037/a0016179 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8a6174ae-6e37-4f7f-b2d2-ae7073907d51.yaml identifier: 8a6174ae-6e37-4f7f-b2d2-ae7073907d51 uri: /reference/8a6174ae-6e37-4f7f-b2d2-ae7073907d51 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'The national resurgence of human West Nile virus (WNV) disease in 2012 raised questions about the factors responsible for WNV outbreaks. Interannual climatic variations may influence WNV amplification and transmission to humans through multiple pathways, including mosquito breeding habitats, gonotrophic cycles, extrinsic incubation, avian communities, and human behavior. We examined the influences of temperature and precipitation anomalies on interannual variation in human WNV cases in three regions of the United States. There were consistent positive influences of winter temperatures, weaker and more variable positive effects of spring and summer temperatures, and highly variable precipitation effects that ranged from positive to negative. The overwintering period may be a particularly important climatic constraint on the dynamics of WNV in cold-temperate regions of North America. Geographic differences in the seasonal timing and relative importance of climatic drivers of WNV risk likely reflect underlying variability in key ecological and social characteristics.' Author: 'Wimberly, M. C.; Lamsal, A.; Giacomo, P.; Chuang, T.-W.' DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0239 Date: Oct ISSN: 0002-9637 Issue: 4 Journal: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Notes: "Wimberly, Michael C Lamsal, Aashis Giacomo, Paolla Chuang, Ting-Wu eng R01 AI079411/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ R01AI079411/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 2014/08/06 06:00 Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2014 Oct;91(4):677-84. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0239. Epub 2014 Aug 4." Pages: 677-684 Title: Regional variation of climatic influences on West Nile virus outbreaks in the United States Volume: 91 Year: 2014 _record_number: 18044 _uuid: 8a6987a1-ec6c-4027-9a29-315c7bfdbdd2 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.4269/ajtmh.14-0239 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8a6987a1-ec6c-4027-9a29-315c7bfdbdd2.yaml identifier: 8a6987a1-ec6c-4027-9a29-315c7bfdbdd2 uri: /reference/8a6987a1-ec6c-4027-9a29-315c7bfdbdd2 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'BACKGROUND:Several studies have evaluated the association between forest fire smoke and acute exacerbations of respiratory diseases, but few have examined effects on pharmaceutical dispensations. We examine the associations between daily fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and pharmaceutical dispensations for salbutamol in forest fire-affected and non-fire-affected populations in British Columbia (BC), Canada.METHODS:We estimated PM2.5 exposure for populations in administrative health areas using measurements from central monitors. Remote sensing data on fires were used to classify the populations as fire-affected or non-fire-affected, and to identify extreme fire days. Daily counts of salbutamol dispensations between 2003 and 2010 were extracted from the BC PharmaNet database. We estimated rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each population during all fire seasons and on extreme fire days, adjusted for temperature, humidity, and temporal trends. Overall effects for fire-affected and non-fire-affected populations were estimated via meta-regression.RESULTS:Fire season PM2.5 was positively associated with salbutamol dispensations in all fire-affected populations, with a meta-regression RR (95% CI) of 1.06 (1.04-1.07) for a 10 ug/m3 increase. Fire season PM2.5 was not significantly associated with salbutamol dispensations in non-fire-affected populations, with a meta-regression RR of 1.00 (0.98-1.01). On extreme fire days PM2.5 was positively associated with salbutamol dispensations in both population types, with a global meta-regression RR of 1.07 (1.04 - 1.09).CONCLUSIONS:Salbutamol dispensations were clearly associated with fire-related PM2.5. Significant associations were observed in smaller populations (range: 8,000 to 170,000 persons, median: 26,000) than those reported previously, suggesting that salbutamol dispensations may be a valuable outcome for public health surveillance during fire events.' Author: "Elliott, Catherine\rHenderson, Sarah\rWan, Victoria" DOI: 10.1186/1476-069X-12-11 ISSN: 1476-069X Issue: 1 Journal: Environmental Health Pages: 11 Title: Time series analysis of fine particulate matter and asthma reliever dispensations in populations affected by forest fires URL: http://www.ehjournal.net/content/12/1/11 Volume: 12 Year: 2013 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL","Overview"]' _record_number: 4197 _uuid: 8a6d6f43-acbf-4127-8912-10071eda9093 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1186/1476-069X-12-11 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8a6d6f43-acbf-4127-8912-10071eda9093.yaml identifier: 8a6d6f43-acbf-4127-8912-10071eda9093 uri: /reference/8a6d6f43-acbf-4127-8912-10071eda9093 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Dai, A.' DOI: 10.1002/wcc.81 ISSN: 1757-7799 Issue: 1 Journal: 'Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change' Pages: 45-65 Title: 'Drought under global warming: A review' Volume: 2 Year: 2011 _chapter: '["Ch. 18: Midwest FINAL"]' _record_number: 545 _uuid: 8abc0ed4-9d56-40bf-8995-35313552618c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1002/wcc.81 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8abc0ed4-9d56-40bf-8995-35313552618c.yaml identifier: 8abc0ed4-9d56-40bf-8995-35313552618c uri: /reference/8abc0ed4-9d56-40bf-8995-35313552618c - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Sellner, Kevin G.; Doucette, Gregory J.; Kirkpatrick, Gary J.' DOI: 10.1007/s10295-003-0074-9 ISSN: 1476-5535 Issue: 7 Journal: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology Keywords: harmful algae blooms; HABs; detection; modeling; natural causes; climate Pages: 383-406 Title: 'Harmful algal blooms: Causes, impacts and detection' Volume: 30 Year: 2003 _record_number: 17407 _uuid: 8abe9d80-cb3e-46c0-95bb-5ac755689b54 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10295-003-0074-9 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8abe9d80-cb3e-46c0-95bb-5ac755689b54.yaml identifier: 8abe9d80-cb3e-46c0-95bb-5ac755689b54 uri: /reference/8abe9d80-cb3e-46c0-95bb-5ac755689b54 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Mills, J.N.\rGage, K.L.\rKhan, A.S." DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0901389 ISSN: 1552-9924 Issue: 11 Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives Pages: 1507-1514 Title: 'Potential influence of climate change on vector-borne and zoonotic diseases: A review and proposed research plan' URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2974686/ Volume: 118 Year: 2010 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL","Overview"]' _record_number: 2041 _uuid: 8af8019f-cb74-439e-9d95-f5febef01d2f reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1289/ehp.0901389 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8af8019f-cb74-439e-9d95-f5febef01d2f.yaml identifier: 8af8019f-cb74-439e-9d95-f5febef01d2f uri: /reference/8af8019f-cb74-439e-9d95-f5febef01d2f - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: CDC Issue: 32 Journal: MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Pages: 880-881 Title: 'Notice to readers: Final 2005 Reports of Notifiable Diseases' URL: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5532a4.htm Volume: 55 Year: 2006 _record_number: 16513 _uuid: 8b645ad0-c0a5-41dc-8b8d-54ba2d4f3d25 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/mmwr-mm5532a4 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8b645ad0-c0a5-41dc-8b8d-54ba2d4f3d25.yaml identifier: 8b645ad0-c0a5-41dc-8b8d-54ba2d4f3d25 uri: /reference/8b645ad0-c0a5-41dc-8b8d-54ba2d4f3d25 - attrs: .publisher: Springer Netherlands .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Black, Alan W.; Ashley, Walker S.' DOI: 10.1007/s11069-009-9472-2 Date: 2010/08/01 ISSN: 1573-0840 Issue: 2 Journal: Natural Hazards Keywords: Nontornadic convective wind; Fatalities; Thunderstorm Language: English Pages: 355-366 Title: Nontornadic convective wind fatalities in the United States Volume: 54 Year: 2010 _record_number: 18998 _uuid: 8b968b37-ed22-4ffd-95a2-d8d4c2ea5634 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s11069-009-9472-2 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8b968b37-ed22-4ffd-95a2-d8d4c2ea5634.yaml identifier: 8b968b37-ed22-4ffd-95a2-d8d4c2ea5634 uri: /reference/8b968b37-ed22-4ffd-95a2-d8d4c2ea5634 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Bowles, Devin C.; Butler, Colin D.; Friel, Sharon' DOI: 10.1002/2013ef000177 ISSN: 2328-4277 Issue: 2 Journal: Earth's Future Pages: 60-67 Title: Climate change and health in Earth's future Volume: 2 Year: 2014 _chapter: Ch7 _record_number: 16490 _uuid: 8bab3a73-3935-477f-be6e-bd6ee92e5e28 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1002/2013ef000177 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8bab3a73-3935-477f-be6e-bd6ee92e5e28.yaml identifier: 8bab3a73-3935-477f-be6e-bd6ee92e5e28 uri: /reference/8bab3a73-3935-477f-be6e-bd6ee92e5e28 - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: AWO Place Published: 'Arlington, VA' Publisher: American Waterways Operators Title: 'Jobs and Economy: Industry Facts' URL: http://americanwaterways.com/initiatives/jobs-economy/industry-facts Year: 2015 _record_number: 18297 _uuid: 8bbd8b42-526c-4c46-bad9-7d70c097bd72 reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/fcbc90d6-c6e0-48a9-b4c0-de06675ab7ea href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8bbd8b42-526c-4c46-bad9-7d70c097bd72.yaml identifier: 8bbd8b42-526c-4c46-bad9-7d70c097bd72 uri: /reference/8bbd8b42-526c-4c46-bad9-7d70c097bd72 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Lake, I. R.; Gillespie, I. A.; Bentham, G.; Nichols, G. L.; Lane, C.; Adak, G. K.; Threlfall, E. J.' DOI: 10.1017/s0950268809002477 ISSN: 1469-4409 Issue: 11 Journal: Epidemiology & Infection Pages: 1538-1547 Title: A re-evaluation of the impact of temperature and climate change on foodborne illness Volume: 137 Year: 2009 _chapter: Ch6 _record_number: 17918 _uuid: 8bce78b9-816b-480d-a6bf-18ded7984f5b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1017/s0950268809002477 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8bce78b9-816b-480d-a6bf-18ded7984f5b.yaml identifier: 8bce78b9-816b-480d-a6bf-18ded7984f5b uri: /reference/8bce78b9-816b-480d-a6bf-18ded7984f5b - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Basu, R.\rSamet, J.M." DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxf007 ISSN: 0193-936X Issue: 2 Journal: Epidemiologic Reviews Pages: 190-202 Title: 'Relation between elevated ambient temperature and mortality: A review of the epidemiologic evidence' Volume: 24 Year: 2002 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL"]' _record_number: 1422 _uuid: 8bf8d41a-8b94-4ec2-95f0-cfd77b48685e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1093/epirev/mxf007 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8bf8d41a-8b94-4ec2-95f0-cfd77b48685e.yaml identifier: 8bf8d41a-8b94-4ec2-95f0-cfd77b48685e uri: /reference/8bf8d41a-8b94-4ec2-95f0-cfd77b48685e - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Anderson, Donald M.; Couture, Darcie A.; Kleindhinst, Judith L.; Keafer, Bruce A.; McGillicuddy Jr., Dennis J.; Martin, Jennifer L.; Richlen, Mindy L.; Hickey, J. Michael; Solow, Andrew R.' DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.09.018 ISSN: 1879-0100 Journal: 'Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography' Pages: 264-276 Title: 'Understanding interannual, decadal level variability in paralytic shellfish poisoning toxicity in the Gulf of Maine: The HAB Index' Volume: 103 Year: 2014 _record_number: 16590 _uuid: 8c119c5c-ac24-44a5-a6a3-659da5e1876f reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.09.018 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8c119c5c-ac24-44a5-a6a3-659da5e1876f.yaml identifier: 8c119c5c-ac24-44a5-a6a3-659da5e1876f uri: /reference/8c119c5c-ac24-44a5-a6a3-659da5e1876f - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Delpla, I.; Jung, A.-V.; Baures, E.; Clement, M.; Thomas, O.' DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2009.07.001 ISSN: 0160-4120 Issue: 8 Journal: Environment International Pages: 1225-1233 Title: Impacts of climate change on surface water quality in relation to drinking water production Volume: 35 Year: 2009 _chapter: Ch7 _record_number: 16298 _uuid: 8c50c794-b09b-4215-b46c-6c24931faf6e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.envint.2009.07.001 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8c50c794-b09b-4215-b46c-6c24931faf6e.yaml identifier: 8c50c794-b09b-4215-b46c-6c24931faf6e uri: /reference/8c50c794-b09b-4215-b46c-6c24931faf6e - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Environmental temperature can affect the ability of mosquitoes to transmit an arbovirus. However, results of various studies indicate that these effects are not consistent among viruses or mosquito species, and there is no information available on the effect of environmental temperature on the ability of North American mosquito species to transmit West Nile (WN) virus. We evaluated the effect of incubation temperature (18, 20, 26, or 30 degrees C) on the ability of Culex pipiens L. derived from specimens collected during the outbreak in New York in 1999 to transmit a strain of WN virus obtained from a crow that died during this outbreak. Although mosquitoes fed on the same viremic chickens, infection rates were directly related to subsequent incubation temperatures. In mosquitoes held at 30 degrees C, virus was recovered from nearly all mosquitoes tested, disseminated infections were detected as early as 4 d after the infectious blood meal, and >90% of all mosquitoes had a disseminated infection 12 or more days after the infectious blood meal. In contrast, for mosquitoes held at 18 degrees C, disseminated infections were not detected until 25 d after the infectious blood meal, and even after 28 d, <30% contained a disseminated infection. Results for mosquitoes held at 20 and 26 degrees C were intermediate for both infection and dissemination rates. The effect of environmental temperature should to be considered when evaluating the vector competence of these mosquitoes and modeling risk of WN virus transmission in nature.' Author: "Dohm, D. J.; O'Guinn, M. L.; Turell, M. J." DOI: 10.1603/0022-2585-39.1.221 Date: Jan ISSN: 1938-2928 Issue: 1 Journal: Journal of Medical Entomology Keywords: 'Animals; Cercopithecus aethiops; Chickens; Culex/*virology; Disease Models, Animal; *Disease Outbreaks; Environment; Female; Insect Vectors/*virology; New York/epidemiology; Temperature; Time Factors; Vero Cells; Viremia; West Nile Fever/epidemiology/virology; West Nile virus/*physiology' Notes: "Dohm, David J O'Guinn, Monica L Turell, Michael J eng 2002/04/05 10:00 J Med Entomol. 2002 Jan;39(1):221-5." Pages: 221-225 Title: 'Effect of environmental temperature on the ability of Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) to transmit West Nile virus' Volume: 39 Year: 2002 _record_number: 17998 _uuid: 8c5c5e1d-4d05-4c0e-8587-95895e42c7f3 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1603/0022-2585-39.1.221 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8c5c5e1d-4d05-4c0e-8587-95895e42c7f3.yaml identifier: 8c5c5e1d-4d05-4c0e-8587-95895e42c7f3 uri: /reference/8c5c5e1d-4d05-4c0e-8587-95895e42c7f3 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center (AFHSC) ISSN: 2152-8217 Journal: 'MSMR: Medical Surveillance Monthly Report' PMID: 25643089 Pages: 2-6 Title: 'Update: Malaria, U.S. Armed Forces, 2014' URL: http://www.afhsc.mil/documents/pubs/msmrs/2015/v22_n01.pdf Volume: 22 Year: 2015 _record_number: 19232 _uuid: 8ccf0c79-8d9b-4714-ac4a-0cadf9bb3f2b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/pmid-25643089 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8ccf0c79-8d9b-4714-ac4a-0cadf9bb3f2b.yaml identifier: 8ccf0c79-8d9b-4714-ac4a-0cadf9bb3f2b uri: /reference/8ccf0c79-8d9b-4714-ac4a-0cadf9bb3f2b - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Kilonzo, C.; Li, X.; Vivas, E. J.; Jay-Russell, M. T.; Fernandez, K. L.; Atwill, E. R.' DOI: 10.1128/aem.01503-13 ISSN: 0099-2240 Issue: 20 Journal: Applied and Environmental Microbiology Pages: 6337-6344 Title: Fecal shedding of zoonotic food-borne pathogens by wild rodents in a major agricultural region of the central California coast Volume: 79 Year: 2013 _chapter: Ch5 _record_number: 16151 _uuid: 8d27dca0-20d6-4758-82f0-1aa11c22f496 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1128/aem.01503-13 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8d27dca0-20d6-4758-82f0-1aa11c22f496.yaml identifier: 8d27dca0-20d6-4758-82f0-1aa11c22f496 uri: /reference/8d27dca0-20d6-4758-82f0-1aa11c22f496 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Tornevi, Andreas; Bergstedt, Olof; Forsberg, Bertil' DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098546 ISSN: 1932-6203 Issue: 5 Journal: PloS ONE Notes: 'Ch5,6' Pages: e98546 Title: 'Precipitation effects on microbial pollution in a river: Lag structures and seasonal effect modification' Volume: 9 Year: 2014 _chapter: 'Ch5,6' _record_number: 16172 _uuid: 8d28c71a-57ff-4861-9c7d-ee10b3f2da54 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1371/journal.pone.0098546 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8d28c71a-57ff-4861-9c7d-ee10b3f2da54.yaml identifier: 8d28c71a-57ff-4861-9c7d-ee10b3f2da54 uri: /reference/8d28c71a-57ff-4861-9c7d-ee10b3f2da54 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Reheis, M. C.; Urban, Frank E.' DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2011.03.008 ISSN: 1875-9637 Issue: 1 Journal: Aeolian Research Pages: 3-21 Title: Regional and climatic controls on seasonal dust deposition in the southwestern U.S. Volume: 3 Year: 2011 _record_number: 19192 _uuid: 8d7c9401-f6ca-4a85-aea6-09e33c161ff3 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.aeolia.2011.03.008 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8d7c9401-f6ca-4a85-aea6-09e33c161ff3.yaml identifier: 8d7c9401-f6ca-4a85-aea6-09e33c161ff3 uri: /reference/8d7c9401-f6ca-4a85-aea6-09e33c161ff3 - attrs: .reference_type: 1 Author: 'CCSP,' Editor: 'Savonis, M.J.; Burkett, V.R.; Potter, J.R.' Number of Pages: 445 Place Published: 'Washington, D.C.' Publisher: U.S. Department of Transportation Reviewer: 8dbd70c4-cd8c-4dce-b27c-bfb412901e58 Title: 'Impacts of Climate Change and Variability on Transportation Systems and Infrastructure: Gulf Study, Phase I. A Report by the U.S. Climate Change Science Program and the Subcommittee on Global Change Research. Final Report of Synthesis and Assessment Product 4.7' URL: http://downloads.globalchange.gov/sap/sap4-7/sap4-7-final-all.pdf Year: 2008 _chapter: '["Ch. 5: Transportation FINAL"]' _record_number: 902 _uuid: 8dbd70c4-cd8c-4dce-b27c-bfb412901e58 reftype: Book child_publication: /report/ccsp-sap-4_7-2008 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8dbd70c4-cd8c-4dce-b27c-bfb412901e58.yaml identifier: 8dbd70c4-cd8c-4dce-b27c-bfb412901e58 uri: /reference/8dbd70c4-cd8c-4dce-b27c-bfb412901e58 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: CSDH Pages: 247 Place Published: Geneva Publisher: World Health Organization Title: 'Closing the Gap in a Generation: Health Equity through Action on the Social Determinants of Health. Final Report of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health' URL: http://www.who.int/social_determinants/final_report/csdh_finalreport_2008.pdf Year: 2008 _record_number: 18244 _uuid: 8dc8f888-18ac-4250-b07d-e744a46d70f2 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/who-cdsh-2008 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8dc8f888-18ac-4250-b07d-e744a46d70f2.yaml identifier: 8dc8f888-18ac-4250-b07d-e744a46d70f2 uri: /reference/8dc8f888-18ac-4250-b07d-e744a46d70f2 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'BACKGROUND: Older adults make up 13% of the U.S. population, but are projected to account for 20% by 2040. Coinciding with this demographic shift, the rate of climate change is accelerating, bringing rising temperatures; increased risk of floods, droughts, and wildfires; stronger tropical storms and hurricanes; rising sea levels; and other climate-related hazards. Older Americans are expected to be located in places that may be relatively more affected by climate change, including coastal zones and large metropolitan areas. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review is to assess the vulnerability of older Americans to climate change and to identify opportunities for adaptation. METHODS: We performed an extensive literature survey and summarized key findings related to demographics; climate stressors relevant to older adults; factors contributing to exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity; and adaptation strategies. DISCUSSION: A range of physiological and socioeconomic factors make older adults especially sensitive to and/or at risk for exposure to heat waves and other extreme weather events (e.g., hurricanes, floods, droughts), poor air quality, and infectious diseases. Climate change may increase the frequency or severity of these events. CONCLUSIONS: Older Americans are likely to be especially vulnerable to stressors associated with climate change. Although a growing body of evidence reports the adverse effects of heat on the health of older adults, research gaps remain for other climate-related risks. We need additional study of the vulnerability of older adults and the interplay of vulnerability, resilience, and adaptive responses to projected climate stressors.' Author: 'Gamble, J. L.; Hurley, B. J.; Schultz, P. A.; Jaglom, W. S.; Krishnan, N.; Harris, M.' Author Address: 'U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA.gamble.janet@epa.gov' DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1205223 Date: Jan ISSN: 1552-9924 Issue: 1 Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives Keywords: 'Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Climate Change; Humans; Risk Assessment; Socioeconomic Factors; United States' Language: eng Notes: 'Gamble, Janet L Hurley, Bradford J Schultz, Peter A Jaglom, Wendy S Krishnan, Nisha Harris, Melinda United States Environ Health Perspect. 2013 Jan;121(1):15-22. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1205223. Epub 2012 Oct 2.' PMCID: PMC3553435 Pages: 15-22 Title: 'Climate change and older Americans: State of the science' Volume: 121 Year: 2013 _record_number: 4436 _uuid: 8dcca72f-cc82-4b1c-a828-fc0d6c02ca7a reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1289/ehp.1205223 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8dcca72f-cc82-4b1c-a828-fc0d6c02ca7a.yaml identifier: 8dcca72f-cc82-4b1c-a828-fc0d6c02ca7a uri: /reference/8dcca72f-cc82-4b1c-a828-fc0d6c02ca7a - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: U.S. Census Bureau Date Published: December 2014 Notes: Ch8 Place Published: 'Washington, D.C.' Publisher: U.S. Department of Commerce Secondary Title: '2014 National Population Projections: Summary Tables' Title: '2014 National Population Projections: Summary Tables. Table 4: Projections of the Native-Born Population by Sex and Selected Age Groups for the United States: 2015 to 2060 (NP2014-T4)' URL: http://www.census.gov/population/projections/data/national/2014/summarytables.html Volume: 2014 Year: 2014 _chapter: Ch8 _record_number: 17636 _uuid: 8dd99031-877d-4006-96c8-0890df6d1d8c reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/e68e6ab0-33d6-4943-9555-d2a96e59ae90 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8dd99031-877d-4006-96c8-0890df6d1d8c.yaml identifier: 8dd99031-877d-4006-96c8-0890df6d1d8c uri: /reference/8dd99031-877d-4006-96c8-0890df6d1d8c - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Reid, Colleen E.; Mann, Jennifer K.; Alfasso, Ruth; English, Paul B.; King, Galatea C.; Lincoln, Rebecca A.; Margolis, Helene G.; Rubado, Dan J.; Sabato, Joseph E.; West, Nancy L.; Woods, Brian; Navarro, Kathleen M.; Balmes, J. R.' DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1103766 ISSN: 1552-9924 Issue: 5 Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives Pages: 715-720 Title: 'Evaluation of a heat vulnerability index on abnormally hot days: An environmental public health tracking study' URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3346770/pdf/ehp.1103766.pdf Volume: 120 Year: 2012 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL"]' _record_number: 4227 _uuid: 8ddfda37-f9e3-4848-aa97-6f5eb0704765 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1289/ehp.1103766 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8ddfda37-f9e3-4848-aa97-6f5eb0704765.yaml identifier: 8ddfda37-f9e3-4848-aa97-6f5eb0704765 uri: /reference/8ddfda37-f9e3-4848-aa97-6f5eb0704765 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Eder, Waltraud; Ege, Markus J.; von Mutius, Erika' DOI: 10.1056/NEJMra054308 ISSN: 1533-4406 Issue: 21 Journal: New England Journal of Medicine Pages: 2226-2235 Title: The asthma epidemic Volume: 355 Year: 2006 _chapter: Ch9 _record_number: 17841 _uuid: 8de3df16-9fda-4e05-bb06-653a5da910b0 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1056/NEJMra054308 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8de3df16-9fda-4e05-bb06-653a5da910b0.yaml identifier: 8de3df16-9fda-4e05-bb06-653a5da910b0 uri: /reference/8de3df16-9fda-4e05-bb06-653a5da910b0 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Hilborn, E.D.; Wade, T.J.; Hicks, L.; Garrison, L.; Carpenter, J.; Adam, E.; Mull, B.; Yoder, J.S.; Roberts, Virginia; Gargano, J.W.' ISSN: 1545-861X Issue: 35 Journal: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report PMID: 24005226 Pages: 714-720 Title: 'Surveillance for waterborne disease outbreaks associated with drinking water and other nonrecreational water - United States, 2009-2010' URL: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6235a3.htm Volume: 62 Year: 2013 _record_number: 18427 _uuid: 8df1aedb-2252-4bb4-9135-f9666c474b04 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/pmid-24005226 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8df1aedb-2252-4bb4-9135-f9666c474b04.yaml identifier: 8df1aedb-2252-4bb4-9135-f9666c474b04 uri: /reference/8df1aedb-2252-4bb4-9135-f9666c474b04 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: EPA ISBN: EPA420-R-99-023 Pages: 522 Place Published: 'Washington, D.C.' Publisher: 'U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality' Title: 'Regulatory Impact Analysis - Control of Air Pollution from New Motor Vehicles: Tier 2 Motor Vehicle Emissions Standards and Gasoline Sulfur Control Requirements' URL: http://www.epa.gov/tier2/documents/r99023.pdf Year: 1999 _record_number: 18988 _uuid: 8e1110ca-e1dd-42c6-b686-1aa1f964a659 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/epa-420-r-99-023 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8e1110ca-e1dd-42c6-b686-1aa1f964a659.yaml identifier: 8e1110ca-e1dd-42c6-b686-1aa1f964a659 uri: /reference/8e1110ca-e1dd-42c6-b686-1aa1f964a659 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Strosnider, Heather; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo; Banziger, Marianne; Bhat, Ramesh V.; Breiman, Robert; Brune, Marie-Noel; DeCock, Kevin; Dilley, Abby; Groopman, John; Hell, Kerstin; Henry, Sara H.; Jeffers, Daniel; Jolly, Curtis; Jolly, Pauline; Kibata, Gilbert N.; Lewis, Lauren; Liu, Xiumei; Luber, George; McCoy, Leslie; Mensah, Patience; Miraglia, Marina; Misore, Ambrose; Njapau, Henry; Ong, Choon-Nam; Onsongo, Mary T. K.; Page, Samuel W.; Park, Douglas; Patel, Manish; Phillips, Timothy; Pineiro, Maya; Pronczuk, Jenny; Rogers, Helen Schurz; Rubin, Carol; Sabino, Myrna; Schaafsma, Arthur; Shephard, Gordon; Stroka, Joerg; Wild, Christopher; Williams, Jonathan T.; Wilson, David' DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9302 ISSN: 1552-9924 Issue: 12 Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives Pages: 1898-1903 Title: 'Workgroup report: Public health strategies for reducing aflatoxin exposure in developing countries' URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4119604 Volume: 114 Year: 2006 _chapter: Ch6 _record_number: 17945 _uuid: 8e19fbea-d1b9-4d73-aa95-8446bb4307b0 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1289/ehp.9302 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8e19fbea-d1b9-4d73-aa95-8446bb4307b0.yaml identifier: 8e19fbea-d1b9-4d73-aa95-8446bb4307b0 uri: /reference/8e19fbea-d1b9-4d73-aa95-8446bb4307b0 - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: CDC Date Published: 'December 23, 2014' Place Published: 'Atlanta, GA' Publisher: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Title: 'Reproductive Health: Preterm Birth' URL: http://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/maternalinfanthealth/pretermbirth.htm Volume: 2015 Year: 2015 _record_number: 18831 _uuid: 8e1a3894-589c-42c3-909d-ff34d73483c2 reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/2fcb332b-b35d-4604-91e5-237b560569ef href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8e1a3894-589c-42c3-909d-ff34d73483c2.yaml identifier: 8e1a3894-589c-42c3-909d-ff34d73483c2 uri: /reference/8e1a3894-589c-42c3-909d-ff34d73483c2 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Elliott, J. Alex' DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01998.x ISSN: 1365-2486 Issue: 2 Journal: Global Change Biology Pages: 864-876 Title: The seasonal sensitivity of Cyanobacteria and other phytoplankton to changes in flushing rate and water temperature Volume: 16 Year: 2010 _record_number: 18950 _uuid: 8e63a81e-5aee-406a-9fc6-6852889ccc01 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01998.x href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8e63a81e-5aee-406a-9fc6-6852889ccc01.yaml identifier: 8e63a81e-5aee-406a-9fc6-6852889ccc01 uri: /reference/8e63a81e-5aee-406a-9fc6-6852889ccc01 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: "Children are vulnerable to temperature extremes. This paper aimed to review the literature regarding the relationship between ambient temperature and children's health and to propose future research directions. A literature search was conducted in February 2012 using the databases including PubMed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Web of Science. Empirical studies regarding the impact of ambient temperature on children's mortality and morbidity were included. The existing literature indicates that very young children, especially children under one year of age, are particularly vulnerable to heat-related deaths. Hot and cold temperatures mainly affect cases of infectious diseases among children, including gastrointestinal diseases, malaria, hand, foot and mouse disease, and respiratory diseases. Pediatric allergic diseases, like eczema, are also sensitive to temperature extremes. During heat waves, the incidences of renal disease, fever and electrolyte imbalance among children increase significantly. Future research is needed to examine the balance between hot- and cold-temperature related mortality and morbidity among children; evaluate the impacts of cold spells on cause-specific mortality in children; identify the most sensitive temperature exposure and health outcomes to quantify the impact of temperature extremes on children; elucidate the possible modifiers of the temperature and children's health relationship; and project children's disease burden under different climate change scenarios." Author: 'Xu, Z.; Etzel, R. A.; Su, H.; Huang, C.; Guo, Y.; Tong, S.' DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2012.07.002 Date: Aug ISSN: 0013-9351 Journal: Environmental Research Keywords: 'Adolescent; Age Factors; Child; Child, Preschool; Communicable Diseases/ epidemiology; Health Status; Heat Stress Disorders/ epidemiology; Humans; Hypersensitivity/ epidemiology; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Temperature' Language: eng Notes: "Xu, Zhiwei Etzel, Ruth A Su, Hong Huang, Cunrui Guo, Yuming Tong, Shilu Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review United States Environ Res. 2012 Aug;117:120-31. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2012.07.002. Epub 2012 Jul 23." Pages: 120-131 Title: "Impact of ambient temperature on children's health: A systematic review" Volume: 117 Year: 2012 _record_number: 5403 _uuid: 8e74af6d-bae1-4355-92b9-c186e2d09b8c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.envres.2012.07.002 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8e74af6d-bae1-4355-92b9-c186e2d09b8c.yaml identifier: 8e74af6d-bae1-4355-92b9-c186e2d09b8c uri: /reference/8e74af6d-bae1-4355-92b9-c186e2d09b8c - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Selin, N. E.; Wu, S.; Nam, K. M.; Reilly, J. M.; Paltsev, S.; Prinn, R. G.; Webster, M. D.' DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/4/4/044014 ISSN: 1748-9326 Issue: 4 Journal: Environmental Research Letters Pages: 044014 Title: Global health and economic impacts of future ozone pollution Volume: 4 Year: 2009 _chapter: Ch3 _record_number: 16132 _uuid: 8e802a4f-d4f1-4f72-a0ae-aefbbece477e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1088/1748-9326/4/4/044014 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8e802a4f-d4f1-4f72-a0ae-aefbbece477e.yaml identifier: 8e802a4f-d4f1-4f72-a0ae-aefbbece477e uri: /reference/8e802a4f-d4f1-4f72-a0ae-aefbbece477e - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'OBJECTIVE: Depression is a common cause of morbidity. Sufferers are very sensitive to many external factors. Emergency department (ED) visits for this condition can be associated with the concentration of ambient air pollutants. The study objective was to examine and assess the associations between ED visits for depression and ambient air pollution. DESIGN AND METHODS: The present study analyzed 15,556 ED visits for depression (ICD-9: 311) at Edmonton hospitals between 1992 and 2002. The data were clustered based on the triplet {year, month, day of the week}. The generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) technique was used to regress the logarithm of the clustered counts for ED visits for depression on the levels of air pollutants (CO, NO2, SO2, O3, PM10 and PM2.5) and the meteorological variables. The number of ED visits for depression was analyzed separately for all patients, and males and females. An analysis by season was also conducted: for the whole year (I-XII), warm season (IV-IX), and cold season (X-III). RESULTS: After adjusting for temperature and relative humidity, the following increments in daily depression-related ED visits could be noted: 6.9% (95% CI: 1.3, 12.9) for carbon monoxide (CO) for all patients in warm season; 7.4% (95% CI: 0.5, 14.8) for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) for female patients in warm season; 4.5% (95% CI: 0.1, 9.1) for sulphur dioxide (SO2) for female patients in warm season; 6.9% (95% CI: 0.6, 13.6) for ground level ozone (O3, 1-day lagged) for female patients in warm season; 7.2% (95% CI: 2.7, 12.0) for particulate matter (PM10) for females in cold season; and 7.2% (95% CI: 2.0, 12.8) for particulate matter (PM2.5) for females in cold season. CONCLUSIONS: The findings provide support for the hypothesis that ED visits for depression are associated with exposure to ambient air pollution.' Author: 'Szyszkowicz, M.' DOI: 10.2478/v10001-007-0024-2 ISSN: 1896-494X Issue: 3 Journal: International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health Keywords: 'Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Air Pollutants/*adverse effects; Databases as Topic; Depression; Emergency Service, Hospital/*utilization; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Ontario; Temperature' Language: eng Notes: 'Szyszkowicz, Mieczyslaw Journal Article Poland Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2007;20(3):241-5.' Pages: 241-245 Title: 'Air pollution and emergency department visits for depression in Edmonton, Canada' Volume: 20 Year: 2007 _record_number: 18189 _uuid: 8e9658f3-4d95-4b6a-9bb4-9bed3dc96bf5 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.2478/v10001-007-0024-2 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8e9658f3-4d95-4b6a-9bb4-9bed3dc96bf5.yaml identifier: 8e9658f3-4d95-4b6a-9bb4-9bed3dc96bf5 uri: /reference/8e9658f3-4d95-4b6a-9bb4-9bed3dc96bf5 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Reser, J.P.\rSwim, J.K." DOI: 10.1037/a0023412 ISSN: 1935-990X Issue: 4 Journal: American Psychologist Pages: 277-289 Title: Adapting to and coping with the threat and impacts of climate change Volume: 66 Year: 2011 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL"]' _record_number: 2619 _uuid: 8eccc146-c874-49ff-ba79-160c0e12c158 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1037/a0023412 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8eccc146-c874-49ff-ba79-160c0e12c158.yaml identifier: 8eccc146-c874-49ff-ba79-160c0e12c158 uri: /reference/8eccc146-c874-49ff-ba79-160c0e12c158 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'In 2007, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) presented a large amount of evidence about global warming and the impact of human activities on global climate change. The Lancet Commission have identified a number of ways in which climate change can influence human health: lack of food and safe drinking water, poor sanitation, population migration, changing disease patterns and morbidity, more frequent extreme weather events, and lack of shelter. Pregnant women, the developing fetus, and young children are considered the most vulnerable members of our species and are already marginalized in many countries. Therefore, they may have increased sensitivity to the effects of climate change. Published literature in the fields of climate change, human health, tropical diseases, and direct heat exposure were assessed through the regular search engines. This article demonstrates that climate change will increase the risk of infant and maternal mortality, birth complications, and poorer reproductive health, especially in tropical, developing countries. Thus, climate change will have a substantial impact on the health and survival of the next generation among already challenged populations. There is limited knowledge regarding which regions will be most heavily affected. Research efforts are therefore required to identify the most vulnerable populations, fill knowledge gaps, and coordinate efforts to reduce negative health consequences. The effects of malnutrition, infectious diseases, environmental problems, and direct heat exposure on maternal health outcomes will lead to severe health risks for mothers and children. Increased focus on antenatal care is recommended to prevent worsening maternal health and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Interventions to reduce the negative health impacts caused by climate change are also crucial. Every effort should be made to develop and maintain good antenatal care during extreme life conditions as a result of climate change.' Author: 'Rylander, C.; Odland, J. O.; Sandanger, T. M.' DOI: 10.3402/gha.v6i0.19538 ISSN: 1654-9880 Issue: 0 Journal: Global Health Action Keywords: 'Climate Change; Developing Countries; Female; Fetus/metabolism; Humans; Infant Mortality; Infant, Newborn; Maternal Mortality; Maternal Welfare; Postnatal Care; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Prenatal Care' Language: eng Notes: 'Rylander, Charlotta Odland, Jon Oyvind Sandanger, Torkjel Manning Sweden Glob Health Action. 2013 Mar 11;6:19538. doi: 10.3402/gha.v6i0.19538.' Pages: 19538 Title: 'Climate change and the potential effects on maternal and pregnancy outcomes: an assessment of the most vulnerable – the mother, fetus, and newborn child' Volume: 6 Year: 2013 _record_number: 5105 _uuid: 8effe711-1c97-4c79-b4c4-6bfa9e5f666a reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3402/gha.v6i0.19538 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8effe711-1c97-4c79-b4c4-6bfa9e5f666a.yaml identifier: 8effe711-1c97-4c79-b4c4-6bfa9e5f666a uri: /reference/8effe711-1c97-4c79-b4c4-6bfa9e5f666a - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Graff Zivin, Joshua; Neidell, Matthew' DOI: 10.1086/671766 ISSN: 1537-5307 Issue: 1 Journal: Journal of Labor Economics Pages: 1-26 Title: 'Temperature and the allocation of time: Implications for climate change' Volume: 32 Year: 2014 _chapter: Ch2 _record_number: 17597 _uuid: 8f2308d0-7a25-4c47-82e0-cb9196f1de8b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1086/671766 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8f2308d0-7a25-4c47-82e0-cb9196f1de8b.yaml identifier: 8f2308d0-7a25-4c47-82e0-cb9196f1de8b uri: /reference/8f2308d0-7a25-4c47-82e0-cb9196f1de8b - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Koetse, Mark J.; Rietveld, Piet' DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2012.657716 ISSN: 1464-5327 Issue: 3 Journal: Transport Reviews Pages: 267-286 Title: Adaptation to climate change in the transport sector Volume: 32 Year: 2012 _chapter: Ch6 _record_number: 17915 _uuid: 8f90eee3-73f3-4782-b3e0-374f1207be77 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1080/01441647.2012.657716 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8f90eee3-73f3-4782-b3e0-374f1207be77.yaml identifier: 8f90eee3-73f3-4782-b3e0-374f1207be77 uri: /reference/8f90eee3-73f3-4782-b3e0-374f1207be77 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Nosocomial waterborne pathogens may reach patients through several modes of transmission. Colonization of healthcare facility waterworks can occur in the proximal infrastructure, in the distal water outlets, or both. Infections with waterborne organisms such as Legionella, mycobacteria, Pseudomonas, and others cause significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Hospitals should have prospective water safety plans that include preventive measures, as prevention is preferable to remediation of contaminated hospital water distribution systems. Whole-genome sequencing may provide more informative epidemiologic data to link patient infections with hospital water isolates.' Author: 'Decker, B. K.; Palmore, T. N.' DOI: 10.1007/s11908-014-0432-y Date: Oct ISSN: 1534-3146 Issue: 10 Journal: Current Infectious Disease Reports Language: eng Notes: 'Decker, Brooke K Palmore, Tara N Journal Article United States Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2014 Oct;16(10):432. doi: 10.1007/s11908-014-0432-y.' Pages: 432 Title: Hospital water and opportunities for infection prevention Volume: 16 Year: 2014 _record_number: 18460 _uuid: 8fc264f2-ffed-40c1-aa0f-13d4eb2f09df reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s11908-014-0432-y href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8fc264f2-ffed-40c1-aa0f-13d4eb2f09df.yaml identifier: 8fc264f2-ffed-40c1-aa0f-13d4eb2f09df uri: /reference/8fc264f2-ffed-40c1-aa0f-13d4eb2f09df - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Kalkstein, L. S.' DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-80419-9_7 ISSN: 0942-5225 Journal: Advances in Bioclimatology Pages: 161-177 Title: 'Climate and human mortality: Relationships and mitigating measures' Volume: 5 Year: 1998 _chapter: Ch2 _record_number: 17604 _uuid: 8fcb835f-34bc-483b-ace3-650ef439b7b4 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/978-3-642-80419-9_7 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8fcb835f-34bc-483b-ace3-650ef439b7b4.yaml identifier: 8fcb835f-34bc-483b-ace3-650ef439b7b4 uri: /reference/8fcb835f-34bc-483b-ace3-650ef439b7b4 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'The F1 progeny of Culex tarsalis Coquillett females from the Coachella (CV) and San Joaquin (SJV) valleys collected during April 1991, and April, July, and October 1993 were reared and maintained as adults at 5 constant temperatures ranging from 14 to 38 degrees C. CV F1 progeny exhibited smaller body size, enhanced survival during spring, and higher autogeny rates than SJV F1 progeny; however, upper and lower thermal tolerance limits, immature developmental rates and survivorship, and adult life table parameters were relatively similar for both strains. Mosquitoes from both sites exhibited midsummer changes in immature developmental rates and survivorship, adult wing length, life expectancy at emergence, and generation time. These data indicated that temperature may select for both spatial and temporal changes in mosquito biology.' Author: 'Reisen, W. K.' DOI: 10.1093/jmedent/32.5.636 Date: Sep ISSN: 1938-2928 Issue: 5 Journal: Journal of Medical Entomology Keywords: Animals; California; *Culex; Female; Male; Reproduction; Seasons; *Temperature Notes: "Reisen, W K eng 1-R01-AI32939/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ 5-R22-AI-03028/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. 1995/09/01 J Med Entomol. 1995 Sep;32(5):636-45." Pages: 636-645 Title: 'Effect of temperature on Culex tarsalis (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Coachella and San Joaquin Valleys of California' Volume: 32 Year: 1995 _record_number: 18025 _uuid: 8fdde45b-cdd1-49de-b74f-966c15770b2d reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1093/jmedent/32.5.636 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8fdde45b-cdd1-49de-b74f-966c15770b2d.yaml identifier: 8fdde45b-cdd1-49de-b74f-966c15770b2d uri: /reference/8fdde45b-cdd1-49de-b74f-966c15770b2d - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: CDC Date Published: 'September 24, 2015' Place Published: 'Atlanta, GA' Publisher: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Title: 'Food Safety: Foodborne Germs and Illnesses' URL: http://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/foodborne-germs.html Year: 2015 _record_number: 18299 _uuid: 8fffe924-9c53-45a6-9299-f97257e00a0f reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/32cea1d2-cf43-42fc-a5c0-7d7c2f1e0e24 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/8fffe924-9c53-45a6-9299-f97257e00a0f.yaml identifier: 8fffe924-9c53-45a6-9299-f97257e00a0f uri: /reference/8fffe924-9c53-45a6-9299-f97257e00a0f - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Marine food webs are the most important link between the global contaminant, methylmercury (MeHg), and human exposure through consumption of seafood. Warming temperatures may increase human exposure to MeHg, a potent neurotoxin, by increasing MeHg production as well as bioaccumulation and trophic transfer through marine food webs. Studies of the effects of temperature on MeHg bioaccumulation are rare and no study has specifically related temperature to MeHg fate by linking laboratory experiments with natural field manipulations in coastal ecosystems. We performed laboratory and field experiments on MeHg accumulation under varying temperature regimes using the killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus. Temperature treatments were established in salt pools on a coastal salt marsh using a natural temperature gradient where killifish fed on natural food sources. Temperatures were manipulated across a wider range in laboratory experiments with killifish exposed to MeHg enriched food. In both laboratory microcosms and field mesocosms, MeHg concentrations in killifish significantly increased at elevated temperatures. Moreover, in field experiments, other ancillary variables (salinity, MeHg in sediment, etc.) did not relate to MeHg bioaccumulation. Modeling of laboratory experimental results suggested increases in metabolic rate as a driving factor. The elevated temperatures we tested are consistent with predicted trends in climate warming, and indicate that in the absence of confounding factors, warmer sea surface temperatures could result in greater in bioaccumulation of MeHg in fish, and consequently, increased human exposure.' Author: 'Dijkstra, J. A.; Buckman, K. L.; Ward, D.; Evans, D. W.; Dionne, M.; Chen, C. Y.' DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058401 ISSN: 1932-6203 Issue: 3 Journal: PLoS ONE Keywords: 'Animals; Fishes/ metabolism; Food Chain; Global Warming; Humans; Maine; Mercury/analysis/chemistry; Methylmercury Compounds/adverse effects/ analysis/chemistry; Water Pollutants, Chemical/adverse effects/ analysis/chemistry' Language: eng Notes: "Dijkstra, Jennifer A Buckman, Kate L Ward, Darren Evans, David W Dionne, Michele Chen, Celia Y P42 ES007373/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't United States PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e58401. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058401. Epub 2013 Mar 12." Pages: e58401 Title: Experimental and natural warming elevates mercury concentrations in estuarine fish Volume: 8 Year: 2013 _record_number: 4327 _uuid: 90048433-9538-4100-a94f-3ecb8940519f reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1371/journal.pone.0058401 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/90048433-9538-4100-a94f-3ecb8940519f.yaml identifier: 90048433-9538-4100-a94f-3ecb8940519f uri: /reference/90048433-9538-4100-a94f-3ecb8940519f - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: "BACKGROUND: There are no studies of the distinct trajectories of children's psychological distress over the first year after a destructive natural disaster and the determinants of these trajectories. OBJECTIVE: We examined these issues using an existing dataset of children exposed to Hurricane Andrew, one of the most devastating natural disasters in US history. METHODS: At 3-months postdisaster, 568 children (55 % girls; grades 3-5) residing in areas most directly affected by the hurricane completed measures of hurricane exposure and stressors, social support, coping, and general anxiety. Children also reported major life events occurring since the hurricane (at 7-months) and posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms at 3-, 7-, and 10-months postdisaster. RESULTS: Latent growth mixture modeling identified three trajectories of PTS reactions: resilient (37 %), recovering (43 %), and chronic distress (20 %). Predictors of the trajectories were examined. Odds ratios indicated that, compared to the resilient trajectory, girls were more likely to be in the recovering and chronically distressed trajectories, as were children reporting higher anxiety and greater use of coping strategies that reflected poor emotion regulation. Compared to the recovering trajectory, children in the chronically distressed trajectory had greater odds of reporting high anxiety, less social support, more intervening life events, and greater use of poor emotion regulation strategies. CONCLUSIONS: Hurricane exposure may be less effective in identifying children who develop chronic postdisaster distress than other child (anxiety, coping) and contextual variables (social support, life events). Effective screening after disasters is critical for identifying youth most in need of limited clinical resources." Author: 'La Greca, A. M.; Lai, B. S.; Llabre, M. M.; Silverman, W. K.; Vernberg, E. M.; Prinstein, M. J.' DOI: 10.1007/s10566-013-9206-1 Date: Aug 1 ISSN: 1573-3319 Issue: 4 Journal: Child & Youth Care Forum Keywords: Children; Natural disasters; Posttraumatic stress; Resilience; Trajectories; Trauma Language: Eng Notes: 'La Greca, Annette M Lai, Betty S Llabre, Maria M Silverman, Wendy K Vernberg, Eric M Prinstein, Mitchell J T32 HD007510/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States Journal article Child Youth Care Forum. 2013 Aug 1;42(4):351-369.' Pages: 351-369 Title: "Children's postdisaster trajectories of PTS symptoms: Predicting chronic distress" Volume: 42 Year: 2013 _record_number: 18118 _uuid: 9047c320-e8cb-4429-920d-b2d2d7f01ffc reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10566-013-9206-1 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9047c320-e8cb-4429-920d-b2d2d7f01ffc.yaml identifier: 9047c320-e8cb-4429-920d-b2d2d7f01ffc uri: /reference/9047c320-e8cb-4429-920d-b2d2d7f01ffc - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'As climate change impacts are felt around the globe, people are increasingly exposed to changes in weather patterns, wildlife and vegetation, and water and food quality, access and availability in their local regions. These changes can impact human health and well-being in a variety of ways: increased risk of foodborne and waterborne diseases; increased frequency and distribution of vector-borne disease; increased mortality and injury due to extreme weather events and heat waves; increased respiratory and cardiovascular disease due to changes in air quality and increased allergens in the air; and increased susceptibility to mental and emotional health challenges. While climate change is a global phenomenon, the impacts are experienced most acutely in place; as such, a sense of place, place-attachment, and place-based identities are important indicators for climate-related health and adaptation. Representing one of the first qualitative case studies to examine the connections among climate change, a changing sense of place, and health in an Inuit context, this research draws data from a multi-year community-driven case study situated in the Inuit community of Rigolet, Nunatsiavut, Canada. Data informing this paper were drawn from the narrative analysis of 72 in-depth interviews conducted from November 2009 to October 2010, as well as from the descriptive analysis of 112 questionnaires from a survey in October 2010 (95% response rate). The findings illustrated that climate change is negatively affecting feelings of place attachment by disrupting hunting, fishing, foraging, trapping, and traveling, and changing local landscapes-changes which subsequently impact physical, mental, and emotional health and well-being. These results also highlight the need to develop context-specific climate-health planning and adaptation programs, and call for an understanding of place-attachment as a vital indicator of health and well-being and for climate change to be framed as an important determinant of health.' Author: 'Cunsolo Willox, A.; Harper, S. L.; Ford, J. D.; Landman, K.; Houle, K.; Edge, V. L.; Rigolet Inuit Community, Government' Author Address: 'School of Environmental Design & Rural Development, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1. ashlee@uoguelph.ca' DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.03.043 Date: Aug ISSN: 0277-9536 Issue: 3 Journal: Social Science & Medicine Keywords: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Climate Change; Emotions; Food Supply; Health Status; Humans; Inuits/ psychology; Male; Mental Health/ ethnology; Middle Aged; Newfoundland and Labrador/epidemiology; Nunavut/epidemiology; Qualitative Research; Young Adult Language: eng Notes: "Cunsolo Willox, Ashlee Harper, Sherilee L Ford, James D Landman, Karen Houle, Karen Edge, Victoria L Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England Soc Sci Med. 2012 Aug;75(3):538-47. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.03.043. Epub 2012 Apr 26." Pages: 538-547 Title: '"From this place and of this place": Climate change, sense of place, and health in Nunatsiavut, Canada' Volume: 75 Year: 2012 _record_number: 4270 _uuid: 905ad03b-729c-447b-b894-c4ce8f9fec30 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.03.043 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/905ad03b-729c-447b-b894-c4ce8f9fec30.yaml identifier: 905ad03b-729c-447b-b894-c4ce8f9fec30 uri: /reference/905ad03b-729c-447b-b894-c4ce8f9fec30 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Kistin, E. J.; Fogarty, J.; Pokrasso, R. S.; McCally, M.; McCornick, P. G.' DOI: 10.1136/adc.2009.175307 ISSN: 1468-2044 Issue: 7 Journal: Archives of Disease in Childhood Pages: 545-549 Title: 'Climate change, water resources and child health' Volume: 95 Year: 2010 _chapter: Ch9 _record_number: 17863 _uuid: 908fa929-2ea7-4eda-a11c-f1088af6ae2f reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1136/adc.2009.175307 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/908fa929-2ea7-4eda-a11c-f1088af6ae2f.yaml identifier: 908fa929-2ea7-4eda-a11c-f1088af6ae2f uri: /reference/908fa929-2ea7-4eda-a11c-f1088af6ae2f - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Sheridan, Scott C.; Kalkstein, Adam J.; Kalkstein, Laurence S.' DOI: 10.1007/s11069-008-9327-2 ISSN: 1573-0840 Issue: 1 Journal: Natural Hazards Notes: 'Ch2,9' Pages: 145-160 Title: 'Trends in heat-related mortality in the United States, 1975–2004' Volume: 50 Year: 2009 _chapter: 'Ch2,9' _record_number: 16474 _uuid: 9096905c-dc99-46c1-ac2c-2e5f8d58f8d9 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s11069-008-9327-2 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9096905c-dc99-46c1-ac2c-2e5f8d58f8d9.yaml identifier: 9096905c-dc99-46c1-ac2c-2e5f8d58f8d9 uri: /reference/9096905c-dc99-46c1-ac2c-2e5f8d58f8d9 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Jayachandran, Seema' DOI: 10.3368/jhr.44.4.916 ISSN: 1548-8004 Issue: 4 Journal: The Journal of Human Resources Notes: 'Ch3,9' Pages: 916-954 Title: 'Air quality and early-life mortality: Evidence from Indonesia’s wildfires' Volume: 44 Year: 2009 _chapter: 'Ch3,9' _record_number: 16471 _uuid: 90c05e00-cfc6-4d6d-82dd-80ab6c3a751e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3368/jhr.44.4.916 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/90c05e00-cfc6-4d6d-82dd-80ab6c3a751e.yaml identifier: 90c05e00-cfc6-4d6d-82dd-80ab6c3a751e uri: /reference/90c05e00-cfc6-4d6d-82dd-80ab6c3a751e - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Evengard, Birgitta; Berner, Jim; Brubaker, Michael; Mulvad, Gert; Revich, Boris' DOI: 10.3402/gha.v4i0.8449 ISSN: 1654-9880 Issue: 8449 Journal: Global Health Action Title: Climate change and water security with a focus on the Arctic Volume: 4 Year: 2011 _record_number: 18939 _uuid: 90cdeb14-4130-4b48-bcd4-f4497327a7d7 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3402/gha.v4i0.8449 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/90cdeb14-4130-4b48-bcd4-f4497327a7d7.yaml identifier: 90cdeb14-4130-4b48-bcd4-f4497327a7d7 uri: /reference/90cdeb14-4130-4b48-bcd4-f4497327a7d7 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Epidemiology studies of recreational waters have demonstrated that swimmers exposed to faecally-contaminated recreational waters are at risk of excess gastrointestinal illness. Epidemiology studies provide valuable information on the nature and extent of health effects, the magnitude of risks, and how these risks are modified or associated with levels of faecal contamination and other measures of pollution. However, such studies have not provided information about the specific microbial agents that are responsible for the observed illnesses in swimmers. The objective of this work was to understand more fully the reported epidemiologic results from studies conducted on the Great Lakes in the US during 2003 and 2004 by identifying pathogens that could have caused the observed illnesses in those studies. We used a Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) approach to estimate the likelihood of pathogen-induced adverse health effects. The reference pathogens used for this analysis were Norovirus, rotavirus, adenovirus, Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia lamblia, Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella enterica, and Escherichia coli O157:H7. Two QMRA-based approaches were used to estimate the pathogen combinations that would be consistent with observed illness rates: in the first, swimming-associated gastrointestinal (GI) illnesses were assumed to occur in the same proportion as known illnesses in the US due to all non-foodborne sources, and in the second, pathogens were assumed to occur in the recreational waters in the same proportion as they occur in disinfected secondary effluent. The results indicate that human enteric viruses and in particular, Norovirus could have caused the vast majority of the observed swimming-associated GI illnesses during the 2003/2004 water epidemiology studies. Evaluation of the time-to-onset of illness strongly supports the principal finding and sensitivity analyses support the overall trends of the analyses even given their substantial uncertainties. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.' Author: 'Soller, J. A.; Bartrand, T.; Ashbolt, N. J.; Ravenscroft, J.; Wade, T. J.' DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2010.07.064 ISSN: 1879-2448 Issue: 16 Journal: Water Research Keywords: 'Quantitative microbial risk assessment; Recreational water; Water epidemiology; Adverse health effects; Campylobacter jejuni; Cryptosporidium spp; Escherichia coli O157:H7; Etiologic agents; Faecal contamination; Fresh Water; Giardia lamblia; Great Lakes; Health effects; Human enteric virus; Rotaviruses; Salmonella enterica; Secondary effluent; Contamination; Effluents; Epidemiology; Escherichia coli; Health risks; Lakes; Pathogens; Risk perception; Sensitivity analysis; Viruses; Water analysis; Risk assessment; anthropogenic source; effluent; etiology; fecal coliform; flagellate; freshwater; gastroenteritis; health impact; pathogen; recreational facility; risk factor; virus; water quality; Adenovirus; article; Cryptosporidium; enteric virus; environmental exposure; Escherichia coli O157; gastrointestinal disease; human; nonhuman; Norovirus; priority journal; Rotavirus; swimming; United States; water contamination; Bacteria; Communicable Diseases; Feces; Humans; Recreation; Swimming Pools; Uncertainty; Water Microbiology; Water Pollution; Water Supply; Great Lakes [North America]; Adenoviridae; Giardia intestinalis' Notes: 'Cited By (since 1996):22 Export Date: 7 November 2013 Source: Scopus CODEN: WATRA PubMed ID: 20728915 Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Soller, J.A.; Soller Environmental, LLC, 3022 King St, Berkeley, CA 94703, United States; email: jsoller@sollerenvironmental.com' Pages: 4736-4747 Title: Estimating the primary etiologic agents in recreational freshwaters impacted by human sources of faecal contamination Volume: 44 Year: 2010 _record_number: 8181 _uuid: 90e5e68e-c5ed-4365-a29b-67b1fcc371f9 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.watres.2010.07.064 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/90e5e68e-c5ed-4365-a29b-67b1fcc371f9.yaml identifier: 90e5e68e-c5ed-4365-a29b-67b1fcc371f9 uri: /reference/90e5e68e-c5ed-4365-a29b-67b1fcc371f9 - attrs: .reference_type: 48 Author: ATSDR Issue: March 18 Publisher: Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry Title: Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) Mapping Dashboard URL: http://svi.cdc.gov/map.aspx Volume: 2015 Year: 2015 _record_number: 18972 _uuid: 90ee72cf-ab21-486c-bb40-45780e31b45f reftype: Online Multimedia child_publication: /generic/ee49b67e-20b3-4a94-9ecd-f7231abe8922 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/90ee72cf-ab21-486c-bb40-45780e31b45f.yaml identifier: 90ee72cf-ab21-486c-bb40-45780e31b45f uri: /reference/90ee72cf-ab21-486c-bb40-45780e31b45f - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Cunha, Burke A.; Burillo, Almudena; Bouza, Emilio' DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60078-2 ISSN: 1474-547X Issue: 10016 Journal: The Lancet Pages: 376-385 Title: Legionnaires' disease Volume: 387 Year: 2016 _record_number: 19153 _uuid: 913fa7ba-a3f7-48c6-ad06-7b163ea2d084 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60078-2 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/913fa7ba-a3f7-48c6-ad06-7b163ea2d084.yaml identifier: 913fa7ba-a3f7-48c6-ad06-7b163ea2d084 uri: /reference/913fa7ba-a3f7-48c6-ad06-7b163ea2d084 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Bezirtzoglou, Christos; Dekas, Konstantinos; Charvalos, Ekatherina' DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2011.05.016 ISSN: 1075-9964 Issue: 6 Journal: Anaerobe Pages: 337-340 Title: 'Climate changes, environment and infection: Facts, scenarios and growing awareness from the public health community within Europe' Volume: 17 Year: 2011 _chapter: Ch3 _record_number: 17633 _uuid: 9141fd5f-b949-4652-86b0-b31ba25d31c2 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2011.05.016 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9141fd5f-b949-4652-86b0-b31ba25d31c2.yaml identifier: 9141fd5f-b949-4652-86b0-b31ba25d31c2 uri: /reference/9141fd5f-b949-4652-86b0-b31ba25d31c2 - attrs: .publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Emissions of air pollutants and their precursors determine regional air quality and can alter climate. Climate change can perturb the long-range transport, chemical processing, and local meteorology that influence air pollution. We review the implications of projected changes in methane (CH(4)), ozone precursors (O(3)), and aerosols for climate (expressed in terms of the radiative forcing metric or changes in global surface temperature) and hemispheric-to-continental scale air quality. Reducing the O(3) precursor CH(4) would slow near-term warming by decreasing both CH(4) and tropospheric O(3). Uncertainty remains as to the net climate forcing from anthropogenic nitrogen oxide (NO(x)) emissions, which increase tropospheric O(3) (warming) but also increase aerosols and decrease CH(4) (both cooling). Anthropogenic emissions of carbon monoxide (CO) and non-CH(4) volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) warm by increasing both O(3) and CH(4). Radiative impacts from secondary organic aerosols (SOA) are poorly understood. Black carbon emission controls, by reducing the absorption of sunlight in the atmosphere and on snow and ice, have the potential to slow near-term warming, but uncertainties in coincident emissions of reflective (cooling) aerosols and poorly constrained cloud indirect effects confound robust estimates of net climate impacts. Reducing sulfate and nitrate aerosols would improve air quality and lessen interference with the hydrologic cycle, but lead to warming. A holistic and balanced view is thus needed to assess how air pollution controls influence climate; a first step towards this goal involves estimating net climate impacts from individual emission sectors. Modeling and observational analyses suggest a warming climate degrades air quality (increasing surface O(3) and particulate matter) in many populated regions, including during pollution episodes. Prior Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios (SRES) allowed unconstrained growth, whereas the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios assume uniformly an aggressive reduction, of air pollutant emissions. New estimates from the current generation of chemistry-climate models with RCP emissions thus project improved air quality over the next century relative to those using the IPCC SRES scenarios. These two sets of projections likely bracket possible futures. We find that uncertainty in emission-driven changes in air quality is generally greater than uncertainty in climate-driven changes. Confidence in air quality projections is limited by the reliability of anthropogenic emission trajectories and the uncertainties in regional climate responses, feedbacks with the terrestrial biosphere, and oxidation pathways affecting O(3) and SOA.' Author: "Fiore, Arlene M.; Naik, Vaishali; Spracklen, Dominick V.; Steiner, Allison; Unger, Nadine; Prather, Michael; Bergmann, Dan; Cameron-Smith, Philip J.; Cionni, Irene; Collins, William J.; Dalsøren, Stig; Eyring, Veronika; Folberth, Gerd A.; Ginoux, Paul; Horowitz, Larry W.; Josse, Béatrice; Lamarque, Jean-François; MacKenzie, Ian A.; Nagashima, Tatsuya; O'Connor, Fiona M.; Righi, Mattia; Rumbold, Steven T.; Shindell, Drew T.; Skeie, Ragnhild B.; Sudo, Kengo; Szopa, Sophie; Takemura, Toshihiko; Zeng, Guang" DOI: 10.1039/C2CS35095E ISSN: 1460-4744 Issue: 19 Journal: Chemical Society Reviews Language: en Pages: 6663-6683 Title: Global air quality and climate Volume: 41 Year: 2012 _record_number: 18892 _uuid: 914c7cdc-87d8-4b27-a7f0-dd1a2df15bb0 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1039/c2cs35095e href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/914c7cdc-87d8-4b27-a7f0-dd1a2df15bb0.yaml identifier: 914c7cdc-87d8-4b27-a7f0-dd1a2df15bb0 uri: /reference/914c7cdc-87d8-4b27-a7f0-dd1a2df15bb0 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 .text_styles: '' Author: "Baker-Austin, C.\rTrinanes, J.A.\rTaylor, N.G.H.\rHartnell, R.\rSiitonen, A.\rMartinez-Urtaza, J." DOI: 10.1038/nclimate1628 ISSN: 1758-678X Issue: 1 Journal: Nature Climate Change Pages: 73-77 Title: Emerging Vibrio risk at high latitudes in response to ocean warming Volume: 3 Year: 2013 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL","Ch. 24: Oceans FINAL","Overview"]' _record_number: 625 _uuid: 918354f7-f16e-4cad-9289-20d41305abb8 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nclimate1628 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/918354f7-f16e-4cad-9289-20d41305abb8.yaml identifier: 918354f7-f16e-4cad-9289-20d41305abb8 uri: /reference/918354f7-f16e-4cad-9289-20d41305abb8 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Högy, P.; Fangmeier, A.' DOI: 10.1016/j.eja.2008.07.006 ISSN: 1161-0301 Issue: 2 Journal: European Journal of Agronomy Pages: 85-94 Title: 'Atmospheric CO2 enrichment affects potatoes: 2. Tuber quality traits' Volume: 30 Year: 2009 _chapter: Ch6 _record_number: 16194 _uuid: 91928494-25d5-4e88-a335-3efbb3c15f02 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.eja.2008.07.006 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/91928494-25d5-4e88-a335-3efbb3c15f02.yaml identifier: 91928494-25d5-4e88-a335-3efbb3c15f02 uri: /reference/91928494-25d5-4e88-a335-3efbb3c15f02 - attrs: .reference_type: 16 Author: NOAA Date Published: 'September 5, 2014' Place Published: 'Miami, FL' Publisher: 'National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, National Hurricane Center' Title: Storm Surge Overview URL: http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/surge/ Volume: 2014 Year: 2014 _record_number: 18310 _uuid: 91b70c15-8dda-47d5-ab7f-c63eee7d731e reftype: Web Page child_publication: /webpage/c4053b8c-7a39-40a7-a7b7-acf03c111385 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/91b70c15-8dda-47d5-ab7f-c63eee7d731e.yaml identifier: 91b70c15-8dda-47d5-ab7f-c63eee7d731e uri: /reference/91b70c15-8dda-47d5-ab7f-c63eee7d731e - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Senkbeil, Jason C.; Brommer, David M.; Comstock, Ian J.' DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-8198.2011.00439.x ISSN: 1749-8198 Issue: 8 Journal: Geography Compass Pages: 544-563 Title: Tropical cyclone hazards in the USA Volume: 5 Year: 2011 _chapter: Ch7 _record_number: 17800 _uuid: 91c3ced0-65bc-43f7-b50c-11742eb657d5 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/j.1749-8198.2011.00439.x href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/91c3ced0-65bc-43f7-b50c-11742eb657d5.yaml identifier: 91c3ced0-65bc-43f7-b50c-11742eb657d5 uri: /reference/91c3ced0-65bc-43f7-b50c-11742eb657d5 - attrs: .reference_type: 32 Author: 'GCRA,' Date Enacted: November 16 Name of Act: Global Change Research Act of 1990 Pages: 3096-3104 Public Law Number: 101-606 Section: 'United States Code, Title 15, Chapter 56A—Global Change Research' Statute Number: 104 Title: 'Global Change Research Act (Public Law 101-606, 104 Stat. 3096-3104), signed on November 16, 1990' URL: http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-104/pdf/STATUTE-104-Pg3096.pdf Year: 1990 _chapter: '["Appendix 6: Future Topics FINAL","Ch. 30: NCA Long-Term Process FINAL"]' _record_number: 766 _uuid: 9204bd83-649f-4056-9f3e-678c3f612553 reftype: Statute child_publication: /report/pl-106-606-gcra href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9204bd83-649f-4056-9f3e-678c3f612553.yaml identifier: 9204bd83-649f-4056-9f3e-678c3f612553 uri: /reference/9204bd83-649f-4056-9f3e-678c3f612553 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Zamyadi, Arash; Dorner, Sarah; Sauve, Sebastien; Ellis, Donald; Bolduc, Anouka; Bastien, Christian; Prevost, Michele' DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.02.040 ISSN: 1879-2448 Issue: 8 Journal: Water Research Pages: 2689-2700 Title: Species-dependence of cyanobacteria removal efficiency by different drinking water treatment processes Volume: 47 Year: 2013 _record_number: 19337 _uuid: 9224c0ef-9655-4335-a810-ce86baf5a502 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.watres.2013.02.040 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/9224c0ef-9655-4335-a810-ce86baf5a502.yaml identifier: 9224c0ef-9655-4335-a810-ce86baf5a502 uri: /reference/9224c0ef-9655-4335-a810-ce86baf5a502 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Hansen, A.\rBi, P.\rNitschke, M.\rRyan, P.\rPisaniello, D.\rTucker, G." DOI: 10.1289/ehp.11339 ISSN: 0091-6765 Issue: 10 Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives Pages: 1369-1375 Title: The effect of heat waves on mental health in a temperate Australian city URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2569097/ Volume: 116 Year: 2008 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL"]' _record_number: 585 _uuid: 922bcd50-dd07-4e05-afc7-fe3bcb1a953a reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1289/ehp.11339 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/922bcd50-dd07-4e05-afc7-fe3bcb1a953a.yaml identifier: 922bcd50-dd07-4e05-afc7-fe3bcb1a953a uri: /reference/922bcd50-dd07-4e05-afc7-fe3bcb1a953a - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Campbell, Lisa; Olson, Robert J.; Sosik, Heidi M.; Abraham, Ann; Henrichs, Darren W.; Hyatt, Cammie J.; Buskey, Edward J.' DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2009.00791.x Date: February ISSN: 1529-8817 Issue: 1 Journal: Journal of Phycology Pages: 66-75 Title: 'First harmful Dinophysis (Dinophyceae, Dinophysiales) bloom in the U.S. is revealed by automated imaging flow cytometry' Volume: 46 Year: 2010 _record_number: 16708 _uuid: 92302697-ed88-435b-8be9-8f03d0616fed reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/j.1529-8817.2009.00791.x href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/92302697-ed88-435b-8be9-8f03d0616fed.yaml identifier: 92302697-ed88-435b-8be9-8f03d0616fed uri: /reference/92302697-ed88-435b-8be9-8f03d0616fed - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Flooding and heavy rainfall have been associated with numerous outbreaks of leptospirosis around the world. With global climate change, extreme weather events such as cyclones and floods are expected to occur with increasing frequency and greater intensity and may potentially result in an upsurge in the disease incidence as well as the magnitude of leptospirosis outbreaks. In this paper, we examine mechanisms by which climate change can affect various ecological factors that are likely to drive an increase in the overall incidence as well as the frequency of outbreaks of leptospirosis. We will discuss the geographical areas that are most likely to be at risk of an increase in leptospirosis disease burden owing to the coexistence of climate change hazard risk, environmental drivers of leptospirosis outbreaks, local socioeconomic circumstances, and social and demographic trends. To reduce this disease burden, enhanced surveillance and further research is required to understand the environmental drivers of infection, to build capacity in emergency response and to promote community adaptation to a changing climate.' Author: 'Lau, C. L.; Smythe, L. D.; Craig, S. B.; Weinstein, P.' DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.07.002 Date: Oct ISSN: 0035-9203 Issue: 10 Journal: Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Keywords: 'Animals; *Climate Change; *Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control; Disease Vectors; *Floods; Humans; Incidence; *Leptospirosis/epidemiology/prevention & control/transmission; Topography, Medical; Water Microbiology' Language: eng Notes: '1878-3503 Lau, Colleen L Smythe, Lee D Craig, Scott B Weinstein, Philip Journal Article Review England Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Oct;104(10):631-8. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.07.002. Epub 2010 Sep 1.' Pages: 631-638 Title: 'Climate change, flooding, urbanisation and leptospirosis: Fuelling the fire?' Volume: 104 Year: 2010 _record_number: 18431 _uuid: 92584177-af72-4d9d-88b5-a5a52e47c634 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.07.002 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/92584177-af72-4d9d-88b5-a5a52e47c634.yaml identifier: 92584177-af72-4d9d-88b5-a5a52e47c634 uri: /reference/92584177-af72-4d9d-88b5-a5a52e47c634 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'Schwabish, Jonathan A.' ISBN: CBO Working Paper Series 2013-04 Pages: 28 Place Published: 'Washington, D.C.' Publisher: Congressional Budget Office Title: Modeling Individual Earnings in CBO’s Long-term Microsimulation Model URL: http://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/cbofiles/attachments/44306_CBOLT.pdf Year: 2013 _record_number: 18969 _uuid: 925a78d6-7d20-4d8d-9b4c-448cbfcdf34c reftype: Report child_publication: /report/cbo-working-paper-2013-04 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/925a78d6-7d20-4d8d-9b4c-448cbfcdf34c.yaml identifier: 925a78d6-7d20-4d8d-9b4c-448cbfcdf34c uri: /reference/925a78d6-7d20-4d8d-9b4c-448cbfcdf34c - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Peel, J. L.; Metzger, K. B.; Klein, M.; Flanders, W. D.; Mulholland, J. A.; Tolbert, P. E.' DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwk051 ISSN: 1476-6256 Issue: 6 Journal: American Journal of Epidemiology Pages: 625-633 Title: Ambient air pollution and cardiovascular emergency department visits in potentially sensitive groups Volume: 165 Year: 2007 _chapter: Ch3 _record_number: 16129 _uuid: 92de7665-a4ff-4644-84bf-a82e9de7de35 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1093/aje/kwk051 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/92de7665-a4ff-4644-84bf-a82e9de7de35.yaml identifier: 92de7665-a4ff-4644-84bf-a82e9de7de35 uri: /reference/92de7665-a4ff-4644-84bf-a82e9de7de35 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Rasmussen, Sonja A.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Uyeki, Timothy M.' DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.06.068 ISSN: 0002-9378 Issue: 3 Journal: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Pages: S3-S8 Title: Effects of influenza on pregnant women and infants Volume: 207 Year: 2012 _record_number: 19256 _uuid: 92dea5bc-df04-4038-8637-2456b0f74a14 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.ajog.2012.06.068 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/92dea5bc-df04-4038-8637-2456b0f74a14.yaml identifier: 92dea5bc-df04-4038-8637-2456b0f74a14 uri: /reference/92dea5bc-df04-4038-8637-2456b0f74a14 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Liu, Cheng; Hofstra, Nynke; Franz, Eelco' DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.02.026 ISSN: 0168-1605 Issue: 2-3 Journal: International Journal of Food Microbiology Pages: 119-128 Title: Impacts of climate change on the microbial safety of pre-harvest leafy green vegetables as indicated by Escherichia coli O157 and Salmonella spp Volume: 163 Year: 2013 _chapter: Ch6 _record_number: 17922 _uuid: 92f18ea3-455c-414c-8e02-9f8a600b0551 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.02.026 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/92f18ea3-455c-414c-8e02-9f8a600b0551.yaml identifier: 92f18ea3-455c-414c-8e02-9f8a600b0551 uri: /reference/92f18ea3-455c-414c-8e02-9f8a600b0551 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: "BACKGROUND: Community levels of air pollution have been associated with variability in mortality rates, but previous studies have inferred exposure to pollutants on a citywide basis. We investigated mortality in relation to neighbourhood levels of income and air pollution in an urban area. METHODS: We identified 5228 people in the Hamilton-Burlington area of southern Ontario who had been referred for pulmonary function testing between 1985 and 1999. Nonaccidental deaths that occurred in this group between 1992 and 1999 were ascertained from the Ontario Mortality Registry. Mean household income was estimated by linking the subjects' postal codes with the 1996 census. Mean neighbourhood levels of total suspended particulates and sulfur dioxide were estimated by interpolation from data from a network of sampling stations. We used proportional hazards regression models to compute mortality risk in relation to income and pollutant levels, while adjusting for pulmonary function, body mass index and diagnoses of chronic disease. Household incomes and pollutant levels were each divided into 2 risk categories (low and high) at the median. RESULTS: Mean pollutant levels tended to be higher in lower-income neighbourhoods. Both income and pollutant levels were associated with mortality differences. Compared with people in the most favourable category (higher incomes and lower particulate levels), those with all other income-particulate combinations had a higher risk of death from nonaccidental causes (lower incomes and higher particulate levels: relative risk [RR] 2.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.67-4.13; lower incomes and lower particulate levels: RR 1.82, 95% CI 1.30-2.55; higher incomes and higher particulate levels: RR 1.33, 95% CI 1.12-1.57). Similar results were observed for sulfur dioxide. The relative risk was lower at older ages. INTERPRETATION: Mortality rates varied by neighbourhood of residence in this cohort of people whose lung function was tested. Two of the broader determinants of health--income and air pollution levels--were important correlates of mortality in this population." Author: 'Finkelstein, M. M.; Jerrett, M.; DeLuca, P.; Finkelstein, N.; Verma, D. K.; Chapman, K.; Sears, M. R.' Date: Sep 2 ISSN: 1488-2329 Issue: 5 Journal: Canadian Medical Association Journal Keywords: Aged; Air Pollution/*adverse effects; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; *Income; Male; Middle Aged; *Mortality; Ontario/epidemiology; Proportional Hazards Models; Registries; Respiratory Function Tests; Risk Assessment; Urban Health/*statistics & numerical data Language: eng Notes: "Finkelstein, Murray M Jerrett, Michael DeLuca, Patrick Finkelstein, Norm Verma, Dave K Chapman, Kenneth Sears, Malcolm R Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Canada CMAJ. 2003 Sep 2;169(5):397-402." PMC: 183288 Pages: 397-402 Title: 'Relation between income, air pollution and mortality: A cohort study' URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC183288 Volume: 169 Year: 2003 _record_number: 18252 _uuid: 93051877-e297-4127-a966-cafd12a91584 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/pmc-12952800 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/93051877-e297-4127-a966-cafd12a91584.yaml identifier: 93051877-e297-4127-a966-cafd12a91584 uri: /reference/93051877-e297-4127-a966-cafd12a91584 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Pfaller, M. A.; Pappas, P. G.; Wingard, J. R.' DOI: 10.1086/504490 ISSN: 1537-6591 Issue: Supplement 1 Journal: Clinical Infectious Diseases Pages: S3-S14 Title: 'Invasive fungal pathogens: Current epidemiological trends' Volume: 43 Supp 1 Year: 2006 _chapter: Ch7 _record_number: 17796 _uuid: 93994acd-86ac-4eab-816d-1de30b148746 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1086/504490 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/93994acd-86ac-4eab-816d-1de30b148746.yaml identifier: 93994acd-86ac-4eab-816d-1de30b148746 uri: /reference/93994acd-86ac-4eab-816d-1de30b148746 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: "Bennett, T.M. Bull\rMaynard, Nancy G.\rCochran, Patricia\rGough, Robert\rLynn, Kathy\rMaldonado, Julie\rVoggesser, Garrit\rWotkyns, Susan\rCozzetto, Karen" Book Title: 'Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment' DOI: 10.7930/J09G5JR1 Editor: 'Melillo, Jerry M.; Richmond, Terese (T.C.); Yohe, Gary W.' Pages: 297-317 Place Published: 'Washington, DC' Publisher: U.S. Global Change Research Program Reviewer: 93a1158a-17b9-43b9-9743-111f9c7ab8ab Title: 'Ch. 12: Indigenous peoples, lands, and resources' URL: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/sectors/indigenous-peoples Year: 2014 _chapter: '["Ch. 0: About this Report FINAL"]' _record_number: 4749 _uuid: 93a1158a-17b9-43b9-9743-111f9c7ab8ab reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/nca3/chapter/tribal-indigenous-native-lands-resources href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/93a1158a-17b9-43b9-9743-111f9c7ab8ab.yaml identifier: 93a1158a-17b9-43b9-9743-111f9c7ab8ab uri: /reference/93a1158a-17b9-43b9-9743-111f9c7ab8ab - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Lopez-Ridaura, R.; Willett, W. C.; Rimm, E. B.; Liu, S.; Stampfer, M. J.; Manson, J. E.; Hu, F. B.' DOI: 10.2337/diacare.27.1.134 ISSN: 1935-5548 Issue: 1 Journal: Diabetes Care Pages: 134-140 Title: Magnesium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in men and women Volume: 27 Year: 2004 _chapter: Ch6 _record_number: 17924 _uuid: 93c70f4c-8106-47cc-b470-feac2837bbd0 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.2337/diacare.27.1.134 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/93c70f4c-8106-47cc-b470-feac2837bbd0.yaml identifier: 93c70f4c-8106-47cc-b470-feac2837bbd0 uri: /reference/93c70f4c-8106-47cc-b470-feac2837bbd0 - attrs: .publisher: Copernicus GmbH .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Zhang, L.; Jacob, D. J.; Yue, X.; Downey, N. V.; Wood, D. A.; Blewitt, D.' DOI: 10.5194/acp-14-5295-2014 ISSN: 1680-7324 Issue: 11 Journal: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Language: English Pages: 5295-5309 Title: Sources contributing to background surface ozone in the US Intermountain West Volume: 14 Year: 2014 _record_number: 18933 _uuid: 93f0e8b4-f053-47da-b714-e879e640fb6f reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.5194/acp-14-5295-2014 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/93f0e8b4-f053-47da-b714-e879e640fb6f.yaml identifier: 93f0e8b4-f053-47da-b714-e879e640fb6f uri: /reference/93f0e8b4-f053-47da-b714-e879e640fb6f - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Spracklen, D. V.; Mickley, L. J.; Logan, J. A.; Hudman, R. C.; Yevich, R.; Flannigan, M. D.; Westerling, A. L.' DOI: 10.1029/2008JD010966 Issue: D20 Journal: 'Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres' Pages: D20301 Title: Impacts of climate change from 2000 to 2050 on wildfire activity and carbonaceous aerosol concentrations in the western United States Volume: 114 Year: 2009 _record_number: 18922 _uuid: 940ef8f4-6b52-40f8-a289-02bb7f07e350 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1029/2008JD010966 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/940ef8f4-6b52-40f8-a289-02bb7f07e350.yaml identifier: 940ef8f4-6b52-40f8-a289-02bb7f07e350 uri: /reference/940ef8f4-6b52-40f8-a289-02bb7f07e350 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Calhoun, Lisa M.; Avery, Melissa; Jones, LeeAnn; Gunarto, Karina; King, Raymond; Roberts, Jacquelin; Burkot, Thomas R.' ISSN: 0002-9637 Issue: 3 Journal: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pages: 478-484 Title: 'Combined sewage overflows (CSO) are major urban breeding sites for Culex quinquefasciatus in Atlanta, Georgia' URL: http://www.ajtmh.org/content/77/3/478.long Volume: 77 Year: 2007 _record_number: 19164 _uuid: 94286f28-7c14-4c1d-a629-682af6fffe9a reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/pmid-17827363 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/94286f28-7c14-4c1d-a629-682af6fffe9a.yaml identifier: 94286f28-7c14-4c1d-a629-682af6fffe9a uri: /reference/94286f28-7c14-4c1d-a629-682af6fffe9a - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'West Nile virus (WNV) is the leading cause of mosquito-borne disease in the United States; however, risk factors for infection are poorly defined. We performed a case-control study to identify modifiable risk factors for WNV infection. Case-patients (N = 49) had laboratory evidence of recent WNV infection, whereas control-subjects (N = 74) had negative WNV serology. We interviewed participants, surveyed households, and assessed environmental data. WNV infection was associated with living in or near Water District X within Gilbert Township (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 5.2; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.5-18.1), having water-holding containers in their yard (aOR 5.0; 95% CI = 1.5-17.3), and not working or attending school outside the home (aOR 2.4; 95% CI = 1.1-5.5). During this outbreak, WNV infection was likely primarily acquired peri-domestically with increased risk associated with potential mosquito larval habitats around the home and neighborhood.' Author: 'Gibney, K. B.; Colborn, J.; Baty, S.; Bunko Patterson, A. M.; Sylvester, T.; Briggs, G.; Stewart, T.; Levy, C.; Komatsu, K.; MacMillan, K.; Delorey, M. J.; Mutebi, J.-P.; Fischer, M.; Staples, J. E.' DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0502 Date: May ISSN: 0002-9637 Issue: 5 Journal: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Keywords: Adult; Animals; Arizona/epidemiology; Case-Control Studies; Culicidae/virology; *Disease Outbreaks; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Questionnaires; Risk Factors; West Nile Fever/blood/*epidemiology; West Nile virus/isolation & purification/*pathogenicity; Young Adult Notes: 'Gibney, Katherine B Colborn, James Baty, Steven Bunko Patterson, Andrean M Sylvester, Tammy Briggs, Graham Stewart, Tasha Levy, Craig Komatsu, Ken MacMillan, Katherine Delorey, Mark J Mutebi, John-Paul Fischer, Marc Staples, J Erin eng 2012/05/05 06:00 Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012 May;86(5):895-901. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0502.' Pages: 895-901 Title: 'Modifiable Risk Factors for West Nile Virus Infection during an Outbreak--Arizona, 2010' Volume: 86 Year: 2012 _record_number: 18003 _uuid: 944b4c67-e9fa-447e-8ad2-a96f66c62621 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0502 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/944b4c67-e9fa-447e-8ad2-a96f66c62621.yaml identifier: 944b4c67-e9fa-447e-8ad2-a96f66c62621 uri: /reference/944b4c67-e9fa-447e-8ad2-a96f66c62621 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: CDC Issue: 5 Journal: MMWR Surveillance Summaries Pages: 1-23 Title: 'Cryptosporidiosis Surveillance —United States, 2009–2010 and Giardiasis Surveillance —United States, 2009–2010' URL: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/ss/ss6105.pdf Volume: 61(5) Year: 2012 _record_number: 18414 _uuid: 944d481c-023c-4cf0-bce6-73c11628c074 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/pmid-22951493 href: https://data.globalchange.gov/reference/944d481c-023c-4cf0-bce6-73c11628c074.yaml identifier: 944d481c-023c-4cf0-bce6-73c11628c074 uri: /reference/944d481c-023c-4cf0-bce6-73c11628c074